assignment of business studies class 12

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Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes PDF Download (Handwritten & Short Notes)

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The NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Notes in PDF prepare students in advance to perform better in the board and competitive examinations. Therefore, the students studying Business Studies should definitely use Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes in PDF because it will help them cover their full NCERT Business Studies Syllabus with ease.

It is possible with the notes because the revision notes are prepared to keep in mind the cruciality of time for the students. Subject matter experts of Selfstudys have crafted the Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes in PDF after analysing the whole NCERT 12 Business Studies books and syllabus. Links to download are mentioned here on this page which will aid students to access the PDF of Business Studies revision notes anytime they want.

Chapter wise Class 12 NCERT Business Studies Notes

Chapters of Class 12 Business Studies are a bit complicated and so, it requires rigorous revisions from time to time to understand the concepts of the chapters. Hence, in favour of students, our subject matter experts have prepared the Chapter wise Class 12 NCERT Business Studies Notes which are organised in chapter wise manner and topic-wise manner.

By using the NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Notes PDF students can stay organised and do their study precisely, therefore, our team has bundled the NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Notes in individual PDF files.

Nature and Significance of Management Class 12 Notes

Principles of Management Class 12 Notes

Business Environment Class 12 Notes

Planning Class 12 Notes

Organising Class 12 Notes

Staffing Class 12 Notes

Directing Class 12 Notes

Controlling Class 12 Notes

Financial Management Class 12 Notes

Financial Markets Class 12 Notes

Marketing Management Class 12 Notes

Consumer Protection Class 12 Notes

Entrepreneurship Development Class 12 Notes

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What are NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Notes and Why It Is Popular?

NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Notes is a study tool which contains a collection of short summaries of subtopics, definitions, and key points. The Notes are an easily absorbable document that helps students to improve their grip on the topics explained. Due to this reason, it is one of the most popular study resources used by lakhs of students to prepare for their board examinations and competitive examinations.

NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Notes PDF is prepared by those teachers who have years of experience in teaching and they know how to shorten the long definitions so that a reader can easily remember them.

What is the Importance of Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes?

• Helps In Recalling the Studied Topics: We all know that revision helps recall the studied topics, and it becomes much more important when you are studying subjects like Business Studies. Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes is intentionally prepared to keep in mind the need of students in remembering the topics studied.
• Timely Revision Helps Reduce Anxiety And Stress: Revising the Business Studies topics timely: during regular classes or exam preparation helps students deal with stress and reduces anxiety. Since with the help of Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes students can deal with such disturbing situations, they can better perform in the examinations.
• Using Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes Boosts Confidence in Students: Having confidence in Business Studies can help you to perform better in the examination. But it is only possible if you have completed your CBSE Syllabus and you are well aware of all the topics that are discussed in Business Studies. Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes help you build that confidence as it contains the details about every single topic in a brief.
• Assists in Identifying Weak and Strongest Areas in the Subject: If you use the Blurting technique to revise the Class 12 Business Studies, you will find that there are some weak and strongest areas in the subject. How to use Blurting techniques to revise has been discussed below. By using the Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes, you can work on the weak areas to improve them.

3 Revision Techniques To Use NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Notes PDF

• Revise, Sleep, & Repeat:  Research says that taking a short nap of about 20 or 30 minutes improves memory. So, revising, Sleeping, & repeating the same process time and again helps in improving memory or recall power so, use this revision technique to use the NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Notes PDF.
• Pomodoro is a way for distracted students:  The Pomodoro technique is a great way to revise, and it works very well for those students who struggle with concentrating on a single task for a longer period of time. Thus, students can use this technique to use the NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Notes PDF to revise the whole Business Studies syllabus.
• Blurting, a new trend to revise:  So far, you understood the two most popular ways to revise the concepts of Business Studies you have studied, but Blurting is a revision technique that you can use. Blurting revision techniques include reading your Business Studies notes aloud. Only reading helps so much to remember. Once, you do this technique, make sure you test yourself by writing down everything you have remembered so far during your class 12 Business Studies revision time.

When To Use Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes in PDF That Will Add Value To Your Life?

The revision notes of Class 12 can add great value to your academic life if you know when to use them. Therefore, in this section, we have mentioned the crucial moments you should use NCERT Business Studies Class 12 Notes PDF. 

• At the time of classroom study: The Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes in PDF is an ideal study resource to use at the time of classroom study. It is so because generally, one chapter of Business Studies will take some time to complete so when it is the second or third class for the same Business Studies chapter use the revision notes of Class 12 Business Studies to recall whatever you have studied in the previous classes. It will make the previous learning fresh and will enable you to take more interest in the study as you can better understand the topics now.
• While doing the weekly revision: All the students studying in class 12 should do weekly revision as it helps them keep track of whatever they have studied in the entire week as well as helps them refresh all the learnings.
• During board exam preparation: All the board candidates who have prepared a timetable to dedicate to the board exam preparation should use the Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes. Using the Class 12 Business Studies notes at that time will help the students to strengthen their grip on the topics which will help them score better marks in the board examination.
• While preparing for competitive exams: Class 12 Business Studies isn’t limited to the board exams only, there are several competitive exams in which Business Studies plays a crucial role; students can use the NCERT Business Studies Class 12 Notes PDF while preparing for competitive exams. It will help them better prepare for the subject.
• During last-minute preparation: About one day before the examination using the NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Notes can add great value to the student’s overall preparation. Using the Business Studies Notes during the last-minute preparation gives instant recall to all the topics of Business Studies. It will also help them ease their stress as they will get some confidence by doing this.

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Business Studies Study Material for CBSE Class 12

Class 12 business studies advances your knowledge of the business world from what you learned in class 11 business studies teaching more important topics like management, planning, market, consumer protection, etc. completely prepare for the board or competitive exams with our cbse class 12 business studies study material that provides a structured blueprint with chapter-wise notes updated according to 2024-25 cbse guidelines. you can also test your knowledge with sample papers and the previous year's board question exam paper with solutions..

Discover a smoother learning journey through our effortless roadmap

Chapter 1: Nature and Significance of Management

Management : Meaning, Characteristics, Objectives, and Importance

Difference between Efficiency and Effectiveness

Nature of Management as a Science, Art and Profession

Levels of Management - Top, Middle and Lower

Functions of Management - Planning, Organising, Staffing, Directing and Controlling

Coordination in Management : Concept, Features & Importance

Difference between Coordination and Cooperation

Chapter 2: Principles of Management

Nature and Significance of Principles of Management

14 Principles of Management by Henri Fayol

Difference between Unity of Command and Unity of Direction

Principles of Scientific Management

Techniques of Scientific Management

Difference between Time Study and Motion Study

Difference between Fayol and Taylor Theories of Management

Chapter 3: Business Environment

What is Business Environment ? | Meaning and Features

Importance of Business Environment

Dimensions of Business Environment

Economic Environment in India

New Industrial Policy : Features & Impact

Concept and Features of Demonetization

Chapter 4: Planning

11 articles

Planning: Meaning, Features, Importance and Limitations

Planning Process: Concept and Steps

Types of Plans: Standing Plan and Single-use Plan

Difference between Standing Plans and Single-Use Plans

Difference between Policies and Objectives

Difference between Policies and Strategy

Difference between Policies and Procedures

Difference between Procedures and Methods

Difference between Procedures and Rules

Difference between Policies and Rules

Difference between Rules and Methods

Chapter 5: Organising

10 articles

Organising : Meaning, Importance and Process

Types of Organisation Structure

Difference between Functional Structure and Divisional Structure

Formal and Informal Organisation

Difference between Formal and Informal Organisation

Elements and Importance of Delegation

Difference between Authority, Responsibility and Accountability

Centralization and Decentralization

Difference between Centralization and Decentralization

Difference between Delegation and Decentralization

Chapter 6: Staffing

12 articles

Staffing : Meaning, Definition, Features and Importance

Staffing and Human Resource Management

Staffing Process

Sources of Recruitment (Internal and External: Meaning, Merits and Demerits)

Difference between Internal Recruitment and External Recruitment

Steps in Selection Process

Difference between Recruitment and Selection

Importance of Training and Development to Organisation and Employees

Methods of Training: On-the-Job Methods and Off-the-Job Methods

Difference between On-the-Job Training Methods and Off-the-Job Training Methods

Difference between Training and Development

Difference between Training, Development and Education

Chapter 7: Directing

19 articles

Directing: Meaning, Characteristics and Importance

Principles and Elements of Directing

Importance of Supervision

Features and Importance of Motivation

Process of Motivation

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory

Financial and Non-Financial Incentives

Difference between Financial and Non-financial Incentives

Features and Importance of Leadership

Types of Leadership Styles

10 Qualities of a Good Leader

Which is more effective Push or Pull marketing ?

Communication: Meaning, Definition, Features and Importance

Elements of Communication Process

Communication Channels | Formal and Informal

Formal Communication: Meaning, Types, Merits and Demerits

Informal Communication: Meaning, Networks, Merits and Demerits

Barriers to Effective Communication

Measures to improve Communication Effectiveness

Chapter 8: Controlling

Controlling in Management: Meaning, Nature, Importance and Limitations

Relationship between Planning and Controlling

Process of Controlling

Chapter 9: Financial Management

Role and Objectives of Financial Management

Types of Financial Decisions

Investment Decision: Meaning and Factors affecting Investment Decision

Financing Decision: Meaning and Factors affecting Financing Decision

Dividend Decision: Meaning and Factors affecting Dividend Decision

Financial Planning: Objectives and Importance

What is Capital Structure?

Factors affecting the choice of Capital Structure

What is Fixed Capital and Working Capital?

Factors Affecting the Fixed Capital

Factors Affecting the Working Capital

Chapter 10: Financial Markets

15 articles

Financial Market : Meaning, Functions, and Classification

Instruments of Money Market

What is Capital Market?

Difference between Money Market and Capital Market

What are the different Methods of Floatation of Securities in Primary Market?

Difference between Primary Market and Secondary Market

What is Stock Exchange?

Trading Procedure on a Stock Exchange

Basic Stock Market Terms | Common Terms in Stock Exchange

Depository System: Meaning, Services and Constituents

Demat Account: Types, Importance & How to Open

What is National Stock Exchange of India (NSEI)?

What is Over the Counter Exchange of India (OTCEI)?

Difference between NSEI and OTCEI

Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI): Objectives and Functions

Chapter 11: Marketing

24 articles

Marketing: Features and Functions

Advantages and Disadvantages of Commercial Paper

Marketing Management Philosophies

Elements of Marketing Mix : 4Ps

What is Product Mix?

Classification of Products

Difference between Convenience Products, Shopping Products and Speciality Products

Difference between Consumer Products and Industrial Products

What is Branding?

Packaging: Meaning, Levels, Importance and Functions

Labelling: Meaning, Types and Functions

Price Mix: Meaning and Factors Affecting Price Determination

What is Place/Physical Distribution Mix?

Types of Distribution Channels

Factors Determining Choice of Channels of Distribution

Components of Physical Distribution

What is Promotion Mix?

Advertising : Features, Merits and Demerits

Objections to Advertising

Personal Selling: Features, Merits and Role

Qualities of a Good Salesman

Difference between Advertising and Personal Selling

Sales Promotion: Merits, Demerits and Activities/ Techniques

Public Relations (PR) : Meaning, Importance, Roles and Tools

Chapter 12: Consumer Protection

Consumer Protection: Meaning, Importance and Means

Consumer Rights and Responsibilities

Who is a Consumer?

Consumer Protection Act 1986 v/s Consumer Protection Act 2019

Redressal Agencies under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019

Remedies available to Consumers under Consumer Protection Act 2019

Study Material Overview:

Our CBSE Class 12 Business Studies material provides concise notes covering the entire syllabus, keeping in mind the chapter-wise weightage for exams. Our resources include solved board papers for practice, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of business concepts. Equip yourself for success with our study material.

What do we offer?

GeeksForGeeks has curated the best study material for CBSE Class 12 business studies by taking inputs from teachers and pass-out students. The study material is the best choice to revise class 12 business studies before exams. We have provided chapter-wise notes, with extra emphasis on the important concepts that are frequently asked in board exam papers. Along with notes, the study material also consists of the previous year's board question paper solutions so that students can know the correct method to answer a question. By the end of this study material, you will have completed the entire class 12 business studies syllabus and mastered all important concepts. You can also test your knowledge with the help of a sample paper.

Key Highlights of this Study Material:

• Based on Latest NCERT Guidelines and update for the 2024-25 academic session.
• The in-depth teaching of the most important topics of CBSE class 12 Business studies.
• The use of images and infographics makes it a better choice than hand-written notes.
• The study material is easily accessible through the use of the internet.
• Practice and learn using sample paper and board paper solutions.

GeeksforGeeks breaks down complex ideas into easy-to-understand concepts. Very helpful.

With GeeksforGeeks, It become easy to understand class 12th Business Studies. Their easy explanations and helpful practical examples make studying less stressful.

Aryan Gupta

Easy to read and Understand. Great Business Studies learning Material

Rohan Singh

Class 12 Business Studies Guide: Clear, simple, and exactly what I need for exams.

How many chapters are in Business Studies Class 12?

There are 12 chapters in CBSE class 12 business studies. They are categorized into two parts- Part A and Part B. Part A contains 8 chapters and Part B contains 4 chapters.

Is it necessary to use the Class 12 Business Studies notes PDF?

CBSE class 12 business studies note pdf is useful when revising the entire syllabus, but our study material not only helps you revise the entire syllabus but it will also help you revise specific important topics.

What should be the study plan to ace the CBSE class 12 Business Studies board exam?

The study plan to ace your business studies board exam should be, learning and revising important topics from our study material. Practice the previous year's questions, and at last, be consistent and practice every day.

How does this study material help in learning CBSE class 12 business studies?

The study material provided here is an updated study material that compiles every important concept with practice examples and solutions. After completing this study material, you can easily score 95+ in your board exams.

Are NCERT solutions helpful for Class 12 Business Studies?

Yes, NCERT solutions provide detailed solutions to all questions in the NCERT textbooks and are very helpful.

How to effectively use study materials for Class 12 Business Studies?

To effectively use our class 12 business studies study material, understand the concepts, practice questions regularly, and solve previous years examination questions.

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• NCERT Solutions
• NCERT Class 12
• NCERT Class 12 Business Studies
• Chapter 2: Principles Of Management

NCERT Solution for Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 2 - Principles of Management

NCERT Solutions are considered an extraordinarily helpful book while preparing for the CBSE Class 12 Business Studies examinations. The solutions of NCERT have been prepared by the subject matter experts at BYJU’S.

Download PDF of NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 2 – Principles of Management

Access NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 2

Very short answer questions ncert business studies solutions class 12 chapter 2.

1. What makes principles of management flexible?

Management principles are varied, and one rule cannot be applied to all cases. Thus, a manager has to assess the situation and then determine the best solution to the issue at hand. For this reason, management principles are flexible.

2. State the main objective of time study.

Time study was undertaken to determine a standard time that is required to complete a designated job. This time would then be set as the standard time for the job completion. The benefit of this process is that it will help employers to determine the number of resources required to complete a particular job and also determine their wages.

3. Name the principle that is an extension of the ‘harmony, not discord’.

It is cooperation, not individualism which is the extension of the ‘principle harmony, not discord’

4. State any two causes of fatigue that may create hindrance in the employee’s performance.

Causes of fatigue that creates hindrances in the performance of employees are:

1. Not having a cordial relationship with the people in superior positions

2. Long working hours at the organisation

5. Sanaklal and Gagan started their career in Wales Limited (a printing press) after going through a rigorous recruitment process. Since they had no prior work experience, the firm decided to give them one year to prove themselves. Name the principle of management followed by Wales Limited.

Wales Limited followed the principle of ‘Stability of Personnel’. 6. Which technique is used by Taylor for distinguishing efficient and inefficient workers?

Taylor used the system of Differential Piece Wage System under which wages for workers were determined using a set standard. The workers who performed better were given higher wages than workers who performed below the standard.

Short Answer Questions NCERT Business Studies Solutions Class 12 Chapter 2

1. How is the principle of ‘Unity of Command’ useful to management? Explain briefly.

Unity of command is a principle of management that a person should be answerable to only one of his superiors. It states that if a person receives commands from two or more people, then this principle is violated. If such a principle is violated, it creates confusion for the employee, which can lead to instability and disturbance in the workflow. Therefore, to maintain a steady workflow and uninterrupted operations in the organisation, unity of command is essential for management.

2. Define Scientific Management. State any three of its principles.

Scientific management is a theory of management that was developed by Frederick Taylor in 1911. It is a classical theory of management which focuses on ways of getting work done in the best way possible to increase efficiency and effectiveness in work. Scientific management is the use of tools and techniques and personnel specialised to carry out the task for achieving quality and cost reduction.

Here are three principles of scientific management

1. Science, not rule of thumb: In this principle, Taylor laid emphasis on focusing on following management practices that are scientific in nature, and not deciding by the rule of thumb. As per the rule of thumb practice, managers will assess a situation and use trial and error to find a solution. Taylor suggested that instead of using such old methods, the approach to a situation should be scientific. Following such practice will result in a balanced result and improves efficiency and cost.

2. Harmony, not Discord: This principle states that there should be a harmonious work environment between managers and workers. The more they are on good terms with each other, the more will be the performance of the organisation. The workers should feel that they are a part of the organisation and their contributions are very much essential for the organisation to grow. Management shall respond to the needs of the workers, and in a similar way, the workers should respond back by giving their best for the organisation. Taylor termed this as a mental revolution and suggested that it would improve harmony and propel the resources to work towards the common goals of the organisation.

3. Cooperation, not individualism: As per this principle, the managers and workers should cooperate with each other in completing the activities. The work standards should be jointly determined by them, it will increase the level of involvement, and more productive results can be achieved.

3. If an organisation does not provide the right place for physical and human resources in an organisation, which principle is violated? What are the consequences of it?

In such a situation, the principle that is violated is the principle of order. It states that there should be a right arrangement of resources. In other words, the right people at the right place and at the right time. Following this approach helps in carrying out the tasks effortlessly. Whenever that principle is violated, it results in unnecessary delay at work and ensures chaos. Delays in completing work will result in a loss for the company.

4. Explain any four points regarding significance of Principles of Management.

Principles of management have the following significance

1. Management principles are based on years of observation and implementation into real-life issues. Hence, these principles guide managers in tackling real-world problems easily.

2. Management principles are based on logic rather than on beliefs. These principles are derived from real-life situations and therefore are based on logic and reasoning. It helps managers in making decisions which are devoid of personal bias.

3. Principles are the foundation of management education. They helped it to grow as a discipline, and such principles also offer a basis on which further research programs can be carried out to develop new methods and techniques.

4. Management principles help organisations to perform at the best of their capacity or, in other words, ensure optimum utilisation of the available resources.

5. Explain the principle of ‘Scalar Chain’ and gangplank.

Scalar chains can be defined as the formal chain of authority that follows a straight line from highest to lowest rank. It specifies the route through which information needs to be communicated to the designated authority.

Gangplank is an alternative route which is used in case of emergencies. Its main aim is to shorten the communication route. It facilitates communication with higher authorities directly, surpassing the defined chains of hierarchy.

Diagrammatically it can be represented as:

6. A production manager at top level in a resulted corporate, Mr. Rathore holds the responsibility for ordering raw material for the firm. While deciding on the supplier for the financial year 2017-18, he gave the order to his cousin at a higher price per unit instead of the firm’s usual supplier who was willing to lower the rates for the order. Which principle of management was violated by Mr. Rathore? What are the positive impacts of following the above identified principle?

In this case, Mr. Rathore has violated the principle of Subordination of individual interest to the general interest. As per this principle, an individual should put organisational goals on priority over any personal interest.

The positive impacts of this principle are:

1. Harmony in the working environment and a good office culture

2. Increase in employee productivity

3. Employees feel they are a part of the organisation

4. Helps in achieving organisations goals

Long Answer Questions NCERT Business Studies Solutions Class 12 Chapter 2

1. Explain the Principles of Scientific management given by Taylor.

1. Science, not rule of thumb: In this principle, Taylor laid emphasis on focusing on following management practices that are scientific in nature and not deciding by the rule of thumb. As per the rule of thumb practice, managers will assess a situation and use trial and error to find a solution. Taylor suggested that instead of using such old methods, the approach to a situation should be scientific. Following such practice will give a balanced result and improves efficiency and cost.

4. Personnel Development: An organisation has to focus on developing its workers as well as the organisation itself. Developed or skilled workers will be in a better position to help an organisation grow. To increase competitiveness, an organisation can announce incentives in order to build competitiveness among workers. Employees should be hired in a scientific manner which will put the best employee suited for a role as per their capability. Efficiency can be achieved with proper training for workers. In other words, a properly trained resource will develop himself as well as the organisation.

2. Explain the following Principles of management given by Fayol with examples:

(a) Unity of direction

(c) Espirit de corps

(e) Centralisation and decentralisation

(f) Initiative

a. Unity of Direction: This principle states that each unit of the organisation should be working towards attaining a common business objective. It helps in avoiding work overlapping and also increases profitability. For example, a company producing two different products should have separate management for each.

b. Equity: This principle focuses on treating all employees equally. Equality should be based on religion, caste, creed etc. It will promote harmony among the workers. For e.g., workers from different religions should be treated equally in a company.

c. Espirit de corps: This principle states that employees in an organisation should work with each other and maintain unity. The team spirit is improved when all resources are working unitedly, and this feeling should be promoted by the manager.

d. Order: There should be order in work being done. The management should hire the right people at right place and right time. Doing such things helps in carrying out the activities in a smooth manner. For e.g., if the user manual pages are arranged in a sequence, shuffling them will result in delay in production.

e. Centralisation and Decentralisation: Centralisation is the concentration of power or authority in the hands of selected people in an organisation. Whereas decentralisation is shifting the authority to middle and lower levels of management. For e.g., if CEO has all decision-making powers, it is centralisation, whereas if the decision-making power is distributed to managers of middle and lower levels, then it is decentralisation.

f. Initiative: As per this principle, workers should be motivated and provided incentives. They should be encouraged to suggest points for improvement, it will make them take more initiative for the development of the organisation.

3. Explain the technique of ‘Functional Foremanship’ and the concept of ‘Mental Revolution’ as enunciated by Taylor.

Functional foremanship is an extension of the principle of division of labour. It was suggested by Taylor. According to his observation, it is not possible for a single worker to be an expert in every aspect of production. Therefore, he suggested that eight persons should be performing the duties of a foreman, and therefore this came to be known as functional foremanship. Under this, the following roles were present.

1. Instruction Card Clerk: Whose role is to give instructions to workers

2. Route Clerk: His role was to specify the route of production

3. Time and Cost Clerk: His role was to prepare the time and costs sheet

4. Disciplinarian: His role was to maintain discipline in the production facility

The above four roles were working under the planning supervisor.

Now the other four persons who work under the production supervisor are:

1. Speed Boss: Responsible for the timely completion of the designated job

2. Gang Boss: Responsible for keeping machines in a ready state for work

3. Repair boss: Was responsible for keeping machines and tools in proper working condition.

4. Inspector: This person was responsible for maintaining the quality of the work.

Mental revolution: Mental revolution is the concept which revolves around bringing a change in the attitude of the workers and managers. It aims to improve the thinking of both in order to create a working environment that is conducive to both manager and worker. The basic premise of this concept is that both the worker and the manager should understand their importance in an organisation, and both of them should work towards achieving a common goal for the organisation. Management should be taking care of the needs of its workers and periodically share the benefits in the form of incentives or bonuses to keep them motivated. Workers, in return, should do their best in order to develop the organisation. Thus, we can say the mental revolution is based on mutual trust and cooperation among managers and workers, which can bring about great changes in an organisation.

4. Discuss the following techniques of Scientific Work Study:

(a) Time Study

(b) Motion Study

(c) Fatigue Study

(d) Method Study

(e) Simplification and standardisation of work.

(a) Time Study: This study determines the standard time which is required in order to perform a job. Multiple readings are taken to arrive at a standard time for a particular task. Based on that it following things can be determined

1. Number of workers required to perform the task

2. Determine the costs associated with hiring such workers (i.e. wages)

(b) Motion Study: This study was based on movements that needed to be taken while performing a task. The purpose of this study is to eliminate unwanted movements in order to complete a task in a shorter time. For this study Taylor along with his assistant Frank Gilbreth studied the movements of a worker and then categorised the same into three classes productive, incidental and unproductive. The purpose was to eliminate unproductive employees and reduce instances of incidental workers.

(c) Fatigue Study: Fatigue study was for determining the amount and frequency of rest taken during the completion of a designated task. A worker without rest will be unable to perform to his full capacity. Fatigue is detrimental to productivity hence this study is conducted to understand the standard intervals of break that help a worker regain the energy to carry on working with the same efficiency.

(d) Method Study: The objective of this study is to find the best method of completing a particular work. It takes into consideration all the activities involved in the completion of a task. By determining the best method, lower costs can be incurred along with more productivity.

(e) Standardisation and Simplification of Work: Standardisation is based on scientific management techniques. It is the setting of standards or benchmarks for any activity. The purpose of standardisation is to improve the quality of work and attain excellence. It also determines standards of performance for both man and machines.

Simplification is all about eliminating the diversity in the products that are unnecessary and utilizing the best of the resources, reducing the inventories and increasing the turnover of the organisation. In addition to reducing labour and machine cost. Simplification helps in the optimum uses of the resources and removes unnecessary costs for the organisation.

5. Discuss the differences between the contributions of Taylor and Fayol.

6. Discuss the relevance of Taylor and Fayol’s contribution in the contemporary business environment.

The principles of both Fayol and Taylor play a significant role in the contemporary business environment. These principles provide a guideline to managers for making decisions and taking appropriate actions. Business situations can be best understood with the application of these principles. Such principles are not used as it is described, but managers can take guidance from these and determine how to confront a situation. It can be used in various scenarios, and the decisions which are taken by managers will be backed by facts and logic, which makes it more applicable. By providing insight into real word business cases, they help managers in decision-making. As these principles have industry-wide applicability and are based on human behaviour, they provide insight into human and material resources. It helps in the development of an organisation by improving effectiveness and efficiency with minimum use of resources and cost.

7. ‘Bhasin’ limited was engaged in the business of food processing and selling its products under a popular brand. Lately the business was expanding due to good quality and reasonable prices. Also with more people working the market for processed food was increasing. New players were also coming to cash in on the new trend. In order to keep its market share in the short run the company directed its existing workforce to work overtime. But this resulted in many problems. Due to increased pressure of work the efficiency of the workers declined.

Sometimes the subordinates had to work for more than one superior resulting in declining efficiency. The divisions that were previously working on one product were also made to work on two or more products. This resulted in a lot of overlapping and wastage. The workers were becoming undisciplined. The spirit of teamwork, which had characterised the company previously, was beginning to wane. Workers were feeling cheated, and initiative was declining. The quality of the products was beginning to decline, and market share was on the verge of decreasing. Actually, the company had implemented changes without creating the required infrastructure.

a. Identify the Principles of Management (out of 14 given by Henry Fayol) that were being violated by the company. b. Explain these principles in brief. c. What steps should the company management take in relation to the above principles to restore the company to its past glory?

1. Following principles of management were violated:

i. Unity of Command (employees working under more than one superior)

ii. Division of Work (employees made to work on more than one product)

iii. Discipline (workers not following discipline)

iv. Espirit de corps (workers lacked spirit of team work)

v. Initiative (workers were not feeling like taking initiative)

2. The principles are described below

a. Unity of command: The workers should be reporting to only one superior. Employees receiving orders from more than one superior will result in confusion and affect work.

b. Division of work: Employees should be given specialised tasks so that they will be completed effectively and efficiently.

c. Discipline: Organisations should be following rules and regulations, and they should be followed by both workers and management.

d. Espirit de corps: The teamwork motive should be developed among employees. It will improve productivity.

e. Initiative: Motivation and incentives should be provided to workers, and they should be encouraged to provide suggestions for improvement.

3. Steps which can be taken by the company are:

i. Scientific management should be applied.

ii. Only one superior should be there to provide instruction to subordinates in order for smooth functioning.

iii. Individuals must be assigned tasks as per their specialisation. It increases productivity.

iv. Motivation and proper incentives should be provided to workers

v. Teamwork and coordination among workers should be promoted for organisational development.

8. (Further information related to the above question 7) The management of company ‘Bhasin Limited now realised its folly. In order to rectify the situation, it appointed a management consultant ‘Mukti Consultants- to recommend a restructure plan to bring the company back on the rails. ‘Mukti Consultants undertook a study of the production process at the plant of the company Bhasin Limited and recommended the following changes —

• The company should introduce scientific management with regard to production. • Production Planning including routing, scheduling, dispatching and feedback should be implemented. • In order to separate planning from operational management ‘Functional foremanship’ should be introduced. • ‘Work study’ should be undertaken to optimise the use of resources. • ‘Standardisation’ of all activities should be implemented to increase efficiency and accountability. • To motivate the workers ‘Differential Piece Rate System’ should be implemented.

(The above changes should be introduced apart from the steps recommended as an answer to Part C – Case problem 7 above.).

It was expected that the changes will bring about a radical transformation in the working of the company and it will regain its pristine glory.

a. Do you think that introduction of scientific management as recommended by Mukti consultants will result in intended outcome? b. What precautions should the company undertake to implement the changes? c. Give your answer with regard to each technique separately as enunciated in points 1 through 6 in the case problem.

1. Yes, as suggested by the new management consultant, i.e. Mukti Consultants, scientific management techniques will be helpful for the organisation. It will improve the quality and quantity of the product with a reduction in costs.

2. The following precautions need to be taken:

a. Specialised staff having training should be recruited, and existing staff can be further trained.

b. Production planning should be undertaken in a systematic way

c. Functional foremanship should be introduced with proper incentives and motivation for the employees.

d. Different other methods should be introduced apart from work study. It can be a motion study, method study, time and fatigue study.

e. Standardisation techniques can be used in case of different aspects of production

f. Employees can be offered monetary incentives so that they work more efficiently.

NCERT Solution for Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 2 – Principles of Management provides us with a brief introduction to the concepts. It provides a clear picture of the forms of principles of management.

• What is Principle? – It reflects a statement that reflects the fundamental verity about some factor based on cause and effect kinship.
• Management principles – It is a statement of truth; they act as a guide to thought and actions to the managerial decision actions and their execution.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 2 provides a broad range of illustrative examples, which helps the students to comprehend and learn quickly. The above-mentioned are the illustrations for the Class 12 CBSE syllabus. For more solutions and study materials of NCERT solutions for Class 12 Business Studies, visit BYJU’S or download the app for more information and the best learning experience.

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12 Business Studies notes Chapter 5 Organizing

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CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Revision Notes CHAPTER – 5 Organizing class 12 Notes Business Studies

Meaning of Organizing

•nce the objectives and plans are laid down, management has to identify and establish productive relationships between various activities and resources for implementing plans. In general words organising refers to arranging everything in orderly form and making the most efficient use of resources. The aim of organizing is to enable people to work together for a common purpose.

‘Organizing is the process of identifying and grouping the work to be performed, defining and delegating responsibility and authority and establishing relationships for the purpose of enabling people to work most effectively together in accomplishing objectives.’

Steps Involved in the Process of Organizing

1. Identification & Division Of Work: – The total work to be done should be divided into specific jobs as according to predetermined plans. – Job = a set of related tasks that can be performed by an individual. It should have specific and definite tasks to be performed. As far as possible, it should define expected results along with the job. – Division of work → specialization of efforts and skills + avoids duplication of work. – Management must ensure that all the activities required to achieve organizational objectives are identified.

2. Departmentalization: – Grouping similar and related jobs into larger units called departments, divisions or sections and placing them under a department head. It facilitates specialization. – The departments are linked together and are interdependent. – Aims at achieving co-ordination and facilitate unity of action. Departmentation can be done on the basis of: •Functions: marketing, personnel, finance etc. •Products: Textiles, chemical, power division etc. •Territories: Western, northern, central, eastern etc.

3. Assignment Of Duties: – Define the work of different job positions and allocate work accordingly. – Once departments are formed, the dept is placed under the charge of an individual. – Jobs are assigned to an individual best suited to perform it. – Qualifications, experience, ability and aptitudes of people should be matched with duties. – E.g. activities of finance should be assigned to persons having qualifications and experience in finance e.g. C.A‘s.

4. Establishing Reporting Relationships: – Granting requisite authority to enable employees to perform the job satisfactorily. – Superior subordinate relations between different people and job positions created, so that everybody knows from whom he is to take orders and to whom he can issue orders. – Creates management hierarchy = a chain of command from the top manager to the individual at the lowest level. – This helps in coordination.

Importance of Organizing

1. Benefits of specialization: In organizing every individual is assigned apart of total work and not the whole task. This division of work into smaller units and repetitive performance leads to specialization. Thus organizing promotes specialization which in turn leads to efficient & speedy performance of tasks.

2. Clarity in working relationship: It helps in creating well defined jobs and also clarifying the limits of authority and responsibility of each job. The superior-subordinate relationship is clearly defined in organizing.

3. Effective Administration: It provides a clear description of jobs and related duties which helps to avoid confusion and duplication. Clarity in working relationships enables proper execution of work which results ineffective administration.

4. Optimum utilization of resources: The proper assignment of jobs avoids overlapping/duplication of work. This helps in preventing confusion and minimizing the wastage of resources and efforts.

5. Adoption to Change: A properly designed organizational structure is flexible which facilitates adjustment to changes in workload caused by change in external environment related to technology, products, resources and markets.

6. Development of Personnel: Sound organization encourages initiative and relative thinking on part of the employees. When managers delegate their authority, it reduces their workload so they can focus on more important issues related to growth & innovation. This also develops the subordinates’ ability and helps him to realize his full potential.

7. Expansion and growth: It helps in growth & diversification of an enterprise by adding more job positions, departments, products lines, new geographical territories etc.

Meaning of Organizational Structure

It seeks to establish relations among all the persons working in the organization. Under the organizational structure, various posts are created to perform different activities for the attainment of the objectives of the enterprise. Relations among persons working on different posts are determined. The structure provides a basis or framework for managers and other employers for performing their functions. The organization structure can be defined as the frame work within which managerial and operating tasks are performed.

Relation between Span of Management and Organization structure:

Suitability

(1) Large organizations producing one line of product.

(2) Organizations which require high degree of functional specialization with diversified activities.

1. Specialization: Better decision of labour takes place which results in specialization of functions and its consequent benefits.

2. Coordination is established: All the persons working within a departmental are specialists of their respective jobs. It makes the co-ordination easier at departmental level.

3. Helps in increasing managerial efficiency: Managers of one department are performing same type of function again and again which makes them specialized and improves their efficiency.

4. Minimizes cost: It leads to minimum duplication of effort which results in economies of scale and thus lowers cost.

Disadvantages

1. Ignorance of organizational objectives : Each departmental head works according to his own wishes. They always give more weight to their departmental objectives. Hence overall organizational objectives suffer.

2. Difficulty in Inter-departmental Coordination : All departmental heads work as per their own wishes which leads to coordination within the department easier but it makes inter-departmental coordination difficult.

3. Hurdle in complete development – because each employee specializes only in a small part of the whole job.

(B) DIVISIONAL ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE

Suitability: This structure is suitable in organizations producing multi product or different lines of products requiring product specialization. Also growing companies which intend to add more lines of products in future adopt this structure.

1. Quick decision-making : Divisional manager can take any decision regarding his division independently which makes decisions quick and effective.

2 . Divisional results can be assessed : Division results (profit/loss) can be assessed easily. On this basis any unprofitable division can be closed.

3. Growth and Expansion : It facilitates growth and expansion as new divisions can be added without disturbing existing departments.

1 . Conflicts among different divisions on allocation of resources.

2. Duplicity of Functions : Entire set of functions is required for all divisions. It gives rise to duplicity of efforts among divisions & increases cost.

3. Selfish Attitude : Every division tries to display better performance and sometimes even at the cost of other divisions. This shows their selfish attitude.

FORMAL ORGANISATION

– Refers to the org. structure that is designed by the management to accomplish organizational objectives..

– It specifies clearly the boundaries of authority & responsibility and there is a systematic coordination among the various activities to achieve organizational goals.

– Louis Allen – System of well defined jobs, each bearing a definite measure of authority, responsibility & accountability. .

1. It is deliberately created by the top management.

2 . It is based on rules and procedures which are in written form.

3. It is impersonal i.e. does not takes into consideration emotional aspect.

4 . It clearly defines the authority and responsibility of every individual.

5 . It is created to achieve organizational objectives.

1. Easier to fix responsibility since mutual relationships are clearly defined.

2. No overlapping of work – because things move according to a definite plan.

3. Unity of command through an established chain of command.

4. Easy to achieve objectives – because coordination and optimum use of human and material resources.

5. Stability in the organization – because behavior of employees can be fairly predicted since there are specific rules to guide them.

1 . The Work is based on rules which causes unnecessary delays.

2 . Lack of initiative: The employees have to do what they are told to do and they have no opportunity of thinking.

3. Limited in scope: It is difficult to understand all human relationships in an enterprise as it places more emphasis on structure and work.

INFORMAL ORGANISATION

An informal organization is that organization which is not established deliberately but comes into existence because of common interests, tastes and religious and communal relations. The main purpose of this organization, structure is getting psychological satisfaction. For example, employees with similar interest in sports, films, religion etc. may form their own informal groups.

1 . It originates from within the formal organization as a result of personal interaction among employees.

2. It has no written rules and procedures.

3. It does not have fixed lines of communication.

4 . It is not deliberately created by the management.

5 . It is personal means the feelings of individuals are kept in mind.

1. Speed : Prescribed lines of communication are not followed which leads to faster spread of information.

2. Fulfillment of social needs – enhances job satisfaction which gives them a sense of belongingness in the organization.

3. Quick solution of the problems – because the subordinates can speak without hesitation before the officers, it helps the officers to understand the problems of their subordinates.

1. It creates rumours : All the persons in an informal organization talk careless and sometimes a wrong thing is conveyed to the other persons.

2. It resists change and lays stress on adopting the old techniques.

3. Priority to group interests : Pressurizes members to conform to group expectations.

Difference between Formal Informal Organisation

Delegation of Authority

Meaning : It means the granting of authority to subordinates to operate within the prescribed limits. The manager who delegates authority holds his subordinates responsible for proper performance of the assigned tasks. To make sure that his subordinates perform all the works effectively and efficiently in expected manner the manager creates accountability.

Process/Elements of Delegation

1. Authority : The power of taking decisions in order to guide the activities of others. Authority is that power which influences the conduct of others.

2. Responsibility : It is the obligation of a subordinate to properly perform the assigned duty. When a superior issues orders, it becomes the responsibility of the subordinate to carry it out.

3. Accountability : When a superior assigns some work to a subordinate, he is answerable to his superior for its success or failure.

Principle of Absoluteness of Accountability : Authority can be delegated but responsibility/accountability cannot be delegated by a manager. The authority granted to a subordinate can be taken back and re-delegated to another person. The manager cannot escape from the responsibility for any default or mistake on the part of his subordinates. For example, If the chief executive asks marketing manager to achieve a sales target of sale of 100 units/day. The marketing manager delegates this task to deputy sales manager, who fails to achieve the target. Then marketing manager will be answerable for the work performance of his subordinates. Thus, accountability is always of the person who delegates authority.

Process of Delegation of Authority

Difference between Authority, Responsibility and Accountability

Importance of the Delegation of Authority

1. Reduction of Executives’ work load : It reduces the work load of officers. They can thus utilize their time in more important and creative works instead of works of daily routine.

2. Employee development : Employees get more opportunities to utilize their talent which allows them to develop those skills which will enable them to perform complex tasks.

3. Quick and better decision are possible : The subordinate are granted sufficient authority so they need not to go to their superiors for taking decisions concerning the routine matters.

4. High Morale of subordinates : Because of delegation of authority to the subordinates they get an opportunity to display their efficiency and capacity.

5. Better coordination : The elements of delegation – authority, responsibility and accountability help to define the powers, duties and answer ability related to various job positions which results in developing and maintaining effective coordination.

Decentralization

• Decentralisation of authority means dispersal of authority to take decisions throughout the organization, upto the lower levels.

• It implies reservation of some authority with the top level management and transferring rest of the authority to the lower levels of the organization. This empowers lower levels to take decisions regarding problems faced by them without having to go to the upper levels.

According to Allen,‘ Decentralisation refers to systematic efforts to delegate to the lowest level, all authority except the one which can be exercised at central points.‟

Centralization = authority retained at top level and Decentralization = Systematic delegation of authority at all levels and in all departments of a firm. Firm needs to balance the two.

• In case of a decentralized firm, Top level retains authority for:

o Policies and decisions w.r.t the whole firm

o Overall control and coordination

• Middle and lower levels have authority to take decisions w.r.t tasks allocated to them

Centralization and Decentralization : represents the pattern of authority among managers at different levels. Centralization of authority means concentration of power of decision making in a few hands. In such an organization very little authority is delegated to managers at middle and lower levels. No organization can be completely centralized or decentralized. They exist together and there is a need for a balance between the two. As the organization grows in size, there is tendency to move towards decentralization. Thus, every organization is characterized by both.

Importance of Decentralization

1. Develops initiative amongst subordinates : It helps to promote confidence because the subordinates are given freedom to take their own decisions.

2. Quick and better decisions : The burden of managerial decisions does not lie in the hands of few individuals but gets divided among various persons which helps them to take better and quick decisions.

3. Relieves the top executives from excess workload : The daily managerial works are assigned to the subordinates which leaves enough time with the superiors which they can utilize in developing new strategies.

4. Managerial Development : It means giving authority to the subordinates up to the lower level to take decisions regarding their work. In this way the opportunity to take decisions helps in the development of the organization.

5. Better Control : It makes it possible to evaluate performance at each level which results in complete control over all the activities.

Difference between – Delegation and Decentralization

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Business Studies MCQs for Class 12 with Answers Chapter 5 Organising

December 23, 2019 by Veerendra

Free PDF Download of CBSE Business Studies Multiple Choice Questions for Class 12 with Answers Chapter 5 Organising. Business Studies MCQs for Class 12 Chapter Wise with Answers PDF Download was Prepared Based on Latest Exam Pattern. Students can solve NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Organising MCQs Pdf with Answers to know their preparation level.

Organising Class 12 Business Studies MCQs Pdf

1. Name the process which co-ordinates human efforts, assembles resources and integrates both into a unified whole to be utilised for achieving specified objectives, (a) Management (b) Planning (c) Organising (d) Directing

2. Organising is a process by which the manager (a) Establishes order out of chaos (b) Removes conflict among people over work or responsibility sharing (c) Creates an environment suitable for teamwork (d) All of the above

3. It is defined as the framework within which managerial and operating tasks are performed. (a) Span of management (b) Organisational structure (c) Informal organisation (d) None of the above

4. It refers to the number of subordinates that can be effectively managed by a superior, (a) Organisational structure (b) Informal organisation (c) Span of management (d) None of the above

5. As the span of management increases in an organisation, the number of levels of management in the organisation (a) Increases (b) Decreases (c) Remains unaffected (d) None of the above

Answer: b Explanation: (b) because more subordinates can be effectively managed by a superior

6. Uranus Limited is a company dealing in metal products. The work is mainly divided into functions including production, purchase, marketing, accounts and personnel. Identify the type of organisational structure followed by the organisation. (a) Functional structure (b) Relational structure (c) Divisional structure (d) None of the above

Answer: a Explanation: (a) as the people are being grouped on the basis of functions

7. Identify the type of organisational structure which facilitates occupational specialisation, (a) Functional structure (b) Horizontal structure (c) Network structure (d) Divisional structure

Answer: a Explanation: (a) it emphasises on specific functions

8. Identify the type of organisational structure which makes training of employees easier, as the focus is only on a limited range of skills. (a) Network structure (b) Divisional structure (c) Functional structure (d) Matrix structure

Answer: c Explanation: (c) as each employee is expected to gain proficiency with regard to one function only

9. This type of organisational structure is most suitable when the size of the organisation is large, has diversified activities and operations require a high degree of specialisation, (a) Divisional structure (b) Functional structure (c) Network structure (d) Matrix structure

Answer: b Explanation: (b) it relates to single product companies

10. Under this type of organisational structure, manpower is grouped on the basis of different products manufactured. (a) Divisional structure (b) Functional structure (c) Network structure (d) Matrix structure

Answer: a Explanation: (a) the divisions are created on the basis of products

11. Which of the following is not a feature of functional structure? (a) It promotes functional specialisation. (b) Managerial development is difficult. (c) It is easy to fix responsiblity for performance. (d) It is an economical structure to maintain.

Answer: c Explanation: (c) it is difficult to fix responsibility for performance

12. Which of the following is not a merit of functional structure? (a) It promotes control and co-ordination within a department. (b) It makes training of employees easier, as the focus is only on a limited range of skills. (c) It ensures that different products get due attention. (d) It leads to occupational specialisation.

13. Rishabh has joined as a Creative Head in an entertainment company. He always ensures that the work has been divided into small and manageable activities and also the activities of similar nature are grouped together. Identify the related step in organising process being mentioned in the above lines. (a) Identification and division of work (b) Departmentalisation (c) Assignment of duties (d) Establishing reporting relationships

14. Indigo Limited has a staff of 300 people which is grouped into different departments. The organisational structure depicts that 100 people work in Production department, 150 in Finance department, 20 in Technology department and 30 in Human Resource department. Identify the type of organisational structure being followed by the company. (a) Functional structure (b) Divisional structure (c) Informal structure (d) None of the above

Answer: a Explanation: (a) as people are grouped on the basis of functions

15. Which of the following is not a merit of divisional structure? (a) It promotes product specialisation. (b) It ensures that different functions get due attention. (c) It promotes flexibility and faster decision making. (d) It facilitates expansion and growth as new divisions.

16. Which of the following is not a demerit of divisional structure? (a) It is an expensive structure to maintain, since there may be a duplication of activities across products. (b) All functions related to a particular product are integrated in one department. (c) Conflict may arise among different divisional heads due to different interests. (d) Authority provided to the managers to supervise all activities related to a particular division may lead to undesirable consequences.

17. Identify the correct sequence of steps to be followed in an organising process. (a) Departmentalisation, Establishing reporting relationships, Assignment of duties, Identification and division of work (b) Identification and division of work, Departmentalisation, Assignment of duties, Establishing reporting relationships (c) Identification and division of work, Assignment of duties, Departmentalisation, Establishing reporting relationships (d) Identification and division of work, Establishing reporting relationships, Departmentalisation, Assignment of duties

18. Which of the following is not a demerit of functional structure? (a) It places more emphasis on the objectives pursued by a functional head than on overall enterprise objectives. (b) It may lead to conflict of interests among departments due to varied interests. (c) It leads to occupational specialisation. (d) It may lead to difficulty in co-ordination among functionally differentiated departments.

Answer: c Explanation: (c) it is a merit

19. Lakshay has been given the task of arranging for five-day conference for foreign delegates. In order to ensure smooth functioning of the event, he has made two people as co-ordinators to take care of activities related to registration and refreshment. Identify the function of management being carried out by Lakshay. (a) Planning (b) Staffing (c) Organising (d) Directing

20. Which of the following is not a feature of formal organisation? (a) It specifies the relationships among various job positions. (b) The standards of behaviour of employees are evolved from group norms. (c) It is deliberately designed by the top management. (d) It places less emphasis on interpersonal relationships among the employees.

Answer: b Explanation: (b) it relates to informal organisation

21. Which of the following is not a merit of formal organisation? (a) It is easier to fix responsibility for mistakes. (b) Scalar chain of command is followed. (c) It leads to effective achievement of organisational goals. (d) It leads to faster spread of information and rapid feedback.

Answer: d Explanation: (d) it relates to informal organisation

22. Which of the following is not a demerit of formal organisation? (a) It may lead to procedural delays. (b) It may lead to spreading of rumours. (c) It emphasises on following rigidly laid down policies. (d) It places more importance on work rather than the relationships.

23. Which of the following is not a feature of informal organisation? (a) It originates from within the formal organisation. (b) The standards of behaviour evolve from group norms. (c) Scalar chain of command is not followed. (d) It is deliberately created by the management.

Answer: d Explanation: (d) it relates to formal organisation

24. Which of the following is not a merit of informal organisation? (a) It leads to faster spread of information and speedy feedback. (b) It helps to fulfill the social needs of the members. (c) It .does not fulfill inadequacies in the formal organisation. (d) All of the above

Answer: c Explanation: (c) it does fulfill the inadequacies of formal organisation

25. Which of the following is not a demerit of informal organisation? (a) It leads to spreading of rumours. (b) It gives more importance to structure and work. (c) It may restrict implementation of changes within the organisation. (d) It puts psychological pressure on members to conform to group expectations, even if they are against the interest of organisation.

Answer: b Explanation: (b) it relates to formal organisation

26. Which of the following is not an element of delegation? (a) Responsibilty (b) Authority (c) Accountability (d) Decentralisation

27. It arises from the established scalar chain which links the various job positions and levels of an organisation. (b) Authority (d) All of the above (b) Top to bottom (d) None of the above

28. The authority flows from as we go higher up in the management hierarchy. (a) Bottom to top (b) Decreases (c) In all directions (d) None of the above

Answer: b Explanation: (b) a superior has authority over subordinate

29. The scope of authority _________ as we go higher up in the management hierarchy. (a) Increases (b) Decreases (c) Remains same (d) None of the above

30. It is the obligation of a subordinate to properly perform the assigned duty. (a) Responsibility (b) Authority (c) Accountability (d) All of the above

31. The responsibility flows (a) In all directions (b) Downwards (c) Upwards (d) None of the above

Answer: c Explanation: (c) a subordinate is responsible to his superior

32. Authority granted to an employee should be (a) More than the responsibility entrusted to him (b) Less than the responsibility entrusted to him (c) Equal to the responsibility entrusted to him (d) All of the above

33. It helps the managers to ensure that their subordinate discharges his duties properly. (a) Responsibility (b) Authority (c) Accountability (d) All of the above

Answer: c Explanation: (c) accountability is answerability

34. The accountability flows (a) In all directions (b) Downwards (c) Upwards (d) None of the above

Answer: c Explanation: (c) a subordinate is accountable to his superior

35. Which of the following can be delegated? (a) Responsibility (b) Authority (c) Accountability (d) All of the above

36. Which of the following cannot be delegated? (a) Responsibility and accountability (b) Authority and responsibility (c) Accountability and responsibility (d) All of the above

37. Authority arises from (a) Responsibility (b)Formal position (c) Accountability (d) All of the above

38. Responsibility is derived from (a) Authority (b)Formal position (c) Accountability (d) All of the above

39. Accountability is derived from (a) Authority (b) Formal position (c) Responsibility (d) All of the above

40. When decision-making authority is retained organisation is said to be by higher management levels, an (a) Decentralised (b) Centralised (c) Fragmented (d) None of the above

We hope the given Business Studies MCQs for Class 12 with Answers Chapter 5 Organising will help you. If you have any query regarding CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Organising MCQs Pdf, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

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Business Studies Class 12 Project: Marks Distribution, Topics, and More

• Updated on  
• Jan 16, 2024

Looking for a Class 12 Business Project? CBSE has mandated students to prepare a project as part of the Class 12 Business Studies syllabus wherein they can conduct their own research, gather primary or secondary data and make inferences out of the results in a presentable way. If you are struggling to make a nice project and want to have good guidance, read on to find everything you need to know about the Business Studies class 12 project and BST project class 12 on marketing management , principles of management, stock exchange and more.

This Blog Includes:

• CBSE BST Project Class 12 2023-24: Marks Distribution

CBSE Class 12 BST Project Topics 2023-24

Marketing management, elements of business environment , principles of management project in business studies, stock exchange, important guidelines, cbse bst project class 12 2023-24 : marks distribution.

The revised Business Studies Class 12 syllabus 2022-23 allotted 20 marks to the project work. Take a look at the distribution of marks for Class 12 Business Studies Project 2023-24: 

Click here to download the official CBSE Class 12 Business Project Topics

Here are the best BST project class 12 topics:

• Elements of Business Environment 
• Consumer Protection

Also Read: Controlling Class 12: Important Revision Notes

For this BST project class 12 on Marketing Management, The students can consider the following products and conduct research to gather information about the various aspects concerning the marketing of the product. Some of the most prominent and sought-after products are mentioned in the table below:

The students can choose either of the aforementioned or any of the products permissible by the teacher for their Business Studies Project. Taking any one of the products into consideration, the students will have to gather information on the following parameters.

• Profit margin in percentage to the manufacturer, wholesaler and retailer
• Packaging of the product
• Selling price to the consumer
• Promotion or marketing of the product
• Identify the USP
• Type/category of product
• Grading and standardization
• Channels of distribution

Also Read: Courses & Career Options in Commerce without Maths

In this topic of the Business Studies class 12 project, given below are the important elements of the business environment:

• Changes witnessed in packaging and economic impact over the last few years in relation to products like fruits and vegetables, plastic/wooden furniture, milk, reuse of packages, packages as a means of advertisement, etc.
• Reasons behind the changes in “ Coca Cola and Fanta in the 70s decade to Thums up and Campa Cola in the 80s decade to Pepsi and Cola in the 90s. ”
• Changes in the patterns of export and import of different products.
• The law, effects and implementation of the anti-plastic campaign.
• Social factors affecting acceptance and rejection of an identified product (atta maker, dishwasher)
• Effect of changes in the technological environment on employee behaviour. 

Also Read: Top 20 Career Options in Commerce with Maths Stream

Under this subject of the Business Studies class 12 project, the students are required to visit any departmental store, fast food outlet or any industrial unit and perceive if applications like Fayol’s General Principles of Management or F.W. Taylor’s Scientific Management Techniques are applied or not. For clarification, have a look at the principles and techniques advocated by both the administrative gurus:

Also Read: Commerce Subjects in Class 12 [Download Updated PDF]

The students who opt for the third option in the business studies class 12 project will have to learn various aspects of the stock market, monitor the stock market trends and how calculate profit or loss in relation to stock. Through this topic, the students will be able to learn about the capital market and the sources of business finance along with a deep understanding of the concepts used in the stock exchange. Business Studies class 12 project will expect the students to work on the following parameters:

• Create a brief report on the history of stock exchanges in India.
• Prepare a hypothetical portfolio with a sum of INR 50,000 in any 5 top companies over a period of 20 working days.
• Identify the reasons for fluctuations in prices, for example, change of seasons, strikes and accidents, political environment, the spread of an epidemic, international events, etc.
• Find the value of the investments and update the portfolio accordingly through various graphical representations.

Also Read: Business Studies Class 11 Syllabus, Exam Pattern & More

Here are the official CBSE guidelines for the Class 12 Business Studies project:

• The entire project must be completed between 25 to 30 pages
• It is compulsory for class 12th students that the project must be handwritten 
• The project must be clubbed inside a neat and tidy transparent folder 
• Cover Page: Student information, School name and year
• Index (List of Contents)
• Acknowledgement and Preface
• Introduction
• Topic with a Unique Title/Heading
• List of activities and planning done to gather information about the project (If any)
• Observations from the places of visit
• Conclusions
• Photographs (if any)
• Teacher’s remarks
• Signature of the teachers

Related Reads

Ans: The official CBSE guidelines for the Class 12 Business Studies project are: 1. The entire project must be completed between 25 to 30 pages 2. It is compulsory for class 12th students that the project must be handwritten  3. The project must be clubbed inside a neat and tidy transparent folder  4. While crafting your project, you must follow this specified format: -Cover Page: Student information -School name and year -Index (List of Contents) -Acknowledgement and Preface -Introduction -Topic with a Unique Title/Heading -List of activities and planning done to gather information about the project (If any) -Observations from the places of visit -Conclusions -Photographs (if any) -Appendix -Teacher’s remarks -Signature of the teachers

Ans: The business studies project is an important part of the Class 12 business studies curriculum and is of a total of 20 marks.

Ans: There are a total of 12 chapters in Class 12 business studies.

Ans: To crack your business studies exam, you must practice sample papers and previous year exam papers of business studies as well as master the basic concepts of every chapter.

We hope that this blog covered every single aspect essential for you to know about the Business Studies class 12 project. Connect with us at Leverage Edu and we will help you choose the right course and university after 12th that goes well with your dream of becoming one of the future business leaders . Book your 30 minutes of free career counselling now! For more on NCERT study materials and school education , follow Leverage Edu now!!

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It help me a lot😊thanks for sharing this project with us😊

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Home » 12th Class » ISC Competency Based Questions Business Studies | Class 12 Competency Practice Questions

ISC Competency Based Questions Business Studies | Class 12 Competency Practice Questions

ISC Competency Based Questions Business Studies are available for download here on aglasem.com. These ISC Competency Based Questions include MCQs, fill in the blanks, short answer questions, long answer questions, and answer key from the Business Studies curriculum and need you to apply understanding a little beyond the ISC class 12 textbook. For CISCE students, understanding and mastering these questions is crucial for success in Business Studies exam. Here you will understand what Competency Based Questions for Business Studies are, how they differ from traditional questions, and get tips on tackling these questions. You can also download ISC Competency Based Questions Business Studies PDF for Class 12 below.

ISC Competency Based Questions Business Studies

Here you can access a wide array of ISC Competency Based Questions for the Business Studies subject. The PDF includes Multiple Choice Questions, Fill in the Blanks, Short Answer Questions, and Long Answer Questions, along with the answer key for class 12 Business Studies. The ISC Competency Based Questions for Class 12 Business Studies can be found here.

Class 12 Competency Focused Practice Questions Download Link – Click Here to Download ISC CBQ PDF

ISC Competency Based Questions Business Studies PDF

The complete pdf for competency focused practice questions for Business Studies is as follows.

What are Business Studies Competency Based Questions?

These are designed to evaluate a student’s understanding of concepts of Business Studies, their ability to apply knowledge in real-life situations, and their critical thinking skills. Unlike traditional questions that may focus on rote learning or memorization, Competency Focused Questions require students to demonstrate a deeper comprehension of the subject matter (Business Studies). These questions measure various competencies in the Business Studies subject, such as problem-solving, logical reasoning, creativity, and subject-specific skills.

For Class 12 Competency Based Questions of Business Studies , students are expected to think beyond the Business Studies textbook and demonstrate their skills in a way that aligns with real-world applications.

ISC 12 Competency Based Questions

In addition to Business Studies, the Competency Focused Questions for all subjects for CISCE students in 12th standard are as follows.

• Business Studies
• Computer Science
• English Literature
• Mathematics
• Physical Education
• Political Science

CISCE Board CBQ

Similarly the class wise CBQ practice question bank for CISCE board are as follows.

• ICSE Competency Based Questions
• ISC Competency Based Questions

CISCE Class 12 Business Studies Competency Questions  – An Overview

The highlights of this educational resource are as follows.

Competency Based Questions are revolutionizing the way ISC students approach their studies. By focusing on the core competencies required by the ISC board, students in Class 12 can develop the skills necessary to excel academically and beyond. Whether you are dealing with Class 12 Business Studies Competency Based Questions or any other subject, remember to focus on understanding, application, and critical thinking.

Start practicing today, and make these questions a core part of your study strategy. The more you engage with these questions, the more confident you’ll become in your ability to tackle any challenge that comes your way!

If you have any queries on ISC Business Studies Specimen Paper 2025, then please ask in comments below.

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Organising Class 12 Notes CBSE Business Studies Chapter 5 (Free PDF Download)

• Revision Notes
• Business Studies
• Chapter 5 Organising

Revision Notes for CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 5 - Free PDF Download

The syllabus of Business Studies for Class 12 is designed to prepare students with the groundwork for the undergraduate commerce specialized courses that they may pursue after class 12. It helps them in understanding the basic concepts that are required for comprehending advanced topics of the subject. Chapter 5 of Class 12 Business Studies is ‘Organisation’ and it is an important chapter of the syllabus. 

The chapter goes into detail regarding the definition of organisation, its significance, advantages, and methods for attaining organisational structure. Students can refer to the Business Studies Class 12 Chapter 5 revision notes compiled by Vedantu's subject-matter specialists in a comprehensive way. These revision notes will help them in understanding the various key points of organising and they will be able to answer the questions from the chapter with ease in their exams. Students can access the Organising Class 12 Business Studies revision notes online at any time as well as download them for their offline reference, for free from Vedantu.

Download CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Revision Notes 2024-25 PDF

Also, check CBSE Class 12 Business studies revision notes for other chapters:

Related Chapters

Access Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 5 - Organising Notes

Organising refers to the process of the identification, classification and coordination of work to be performed by establishing reporting relationships between the people, setting up their responsibilities and authorities so as to collectively integrate the human efforts for the successful achievement of organisational objectives.

Hence, Organising is responsible for:

Implementation of plans into action.

It decides by whom, how and where a particular task will be performed.

Steps in The Process of Organising

Identification and division of work: Identifying and dividing work to be done into smaller and manageable tasks.

Departmentalization: Grouping of activities similar in nature as department.

Assignment of duties: Allocating work according to the skills and abilities of employees.

Establishing reporting relationship: Defines the authority, responsibility, relationship clearly stating for each employee from whom they have to take orders and to whom they are accountable.

Importance of Organising

Benefits of specialization: Work is divided into smaller tasks and each task is performed by those employees who possess the required skills. Performing similar tasks leads to specialization.

Clarity in working relationships: It removes ambiguity and miscommunication as working relationships are clearly stated.

Optimum utilization of resources: It avoids duplication and overlapping of work which leads to minimum wastage of resources.

Adaptation to change: It tries to incorporate the changes in the business environment by modifying organizational structures and revising interrelationship at managerial levels as and when required.

Effective administration: Clarity in working relationships and proper execution of work brings effective administration.

Development of personnel: Proper delegation reduces employer’s burden, stimulates creativity and motivates them to complete tasks efficiently.

Expansion and growth: It helps in growth and expansion by incorporating changes in the business environment.

Organisational Structure

Organisational structure refers to the structure or a framework within which various operational and managerial tasks are performed. 

It aids in the proper coordination of human, physical and financial resources in the organization to successfully achieve the organisational objectives.

It is an indispensable means without which an organisation cannot work.

The organisational chart shows the organisational structure of an enterprise.

Span of management is the number of subordinates that a superior can manage.

Organizational structure ensures a smooth and efficient flow of operations within an enterprise.

Types of Organisational Structure

These are divided into two types:

1. Functional structure: 

Organisational structure where business is managed in the form of a separate department created on the basis of function each department performs. Suitability

Functional structure is suitable for large scale businesses providing specialised services or performing diversified activities.

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Specialisation: Employees perform similar tasks within a department and are able to improve performance which leads to occupational specialisation.

Coordination: Similarity in the task being performed remote control and coordination.

Operational efficiency: The managerial and operational efficiency reduces cost and results in higher profits. Division of work into smaller tasks leads to minimal duplication and lowers cost.

Makes training easier: The range of skills are focused which makes training of employees easier.

Higher Focus: Individuals performing similar and smaller tasks can focus better on the activities they are responsible for.

Disadvantages

Deviation in interests: Department interest may be pursued at the cost of organisational interest to create a functional empire.

Conflicts: Departmental interests may lead to conflicts of interest among departments and hinder interaction between them.

Lack of Coordination: Conflicts of interest among departments may lead to problems in coordination.

Rigidity: Employees performing similar tasks may not be open to ideas or newer methods resulting in lack of flexibility.

2. Divisional Structure: 

Divisional structure is a type of organisational structure which works as separate units or divisions. 

There are many units and divisions that deal with various products. 

Each division is accountable for its own job and must consider its own profit and loss. 

Each division has its own divisional manager who oversees and has power over the entire unit. Suitability

Divisional structure is suitable for organisations producing a variety of products for performing diversified activities.

Advantages: 

Product Specialisation: Product specialisation contributes to the development of diverse abilities in a divisional head, preparing him for higher roles. This is due to the fact that he obtains experience in all functions relating to a specific product.

Accountability: Divisional heads are held accountable for profits since revenues and costs associated with various departments are clearly identifiable and attributed to them. This gives a solid foundation for measuring performance. It also aids in the assignment of blame in times of poor division performance, allowing appropriate corrective action to be performed.

Flexibility: It encourages flexibility and initiative because each division operates as an autonomous unit, resulting in faster decision making.

Expansion: It allows for expansion and growth by allowing for the addition of new divisions without disrupting present operations by simply adding another divisional head and personnel for the new product line.

Prepare for future positions: Experience in a variety of operations prepares managers for higher positions.

Better Initiatives: Dependent and independent functioning of divisions encourages managers to take initiatives to find better means and ways to perform the best.

Conflicts: Conflicts may emerge between different divisions on the allocation of cash, and a specific division may aim to maximize its profits at the expense of other divisions.

Duplication of efforts: It may result in cost increases due to duplication of efforts across products. Providing each division with its own set of equivalent functions raises costs.

Misuse of power: It gives managers the authority to oversee all activities relating to a specific division. Over time, such a manager may develop influence and, in an attempt to establish his independence, may disregard organizational interests.

Difference between Functional Structure and Divisional Structure:

Formal and Informal Organizations

a. Formal organisations: 

Formal organisation lays down job descriptions, rules and procedures for each task to be performed in an organisation.

It coordinates, interlinks and integrates the efforts of various departments and different activities to achieve organisational goals.

It clearly specifies the formal relationships between the employees, who has to report whom, the nature and extent of their relationship etc,

It prioritizes work over interpersonal and informal relationships.

Easy to fix responsibility.

No ambiguity in instructions.

Maintains unity of command.

Focus on organisational goals.

Provide stability.

Procedural delays due to long formal chains of communication.

No recognition for creativity, as everyone has to follow a certain specified structure.

No understanding of human relationships.

b. Informal organisation

Informal organisation is a structure formed as a result of a network of social relationships among employees.

It allows employees to interact beyond officially defined roles.

It originates within the formal organisation as frequent interaction among employees in formal organisation creates informal organisation.

Quick communication and faster feedback due to informal communications.

Fulfills social needs of friendship and affinity.

Makes up for inadequacies of formal organization.

Disrupts the formal setups.

Resistance to change.

Group interest may supersede organisational interest.

Difference in opinion of people in an informal group may lead to conflicts and clashes.

Difference between Formal and Informal Organisation

Delegation refers to the downward transfer of authority from a superior to a subordinate to enable subordinates to perform their responsibilities effectively and efficiently.

Elements of Delegation

Delegation means assigning responsibility and authority to subordinates and creation of accountability for work.

Authority: It refers to the right of an individual to command his or her subordinate and take action within the scope of his or her position. Authority flows in a downward direction, that is top to bottom, as the superior has authority over his subordinate. Also the level of authority increases as one moves higher in the management hierarchy.

Responsibility: Responsibility is the obligation of a subordinate to properly perform the duties assigned by the superior. It always flows in upward direction, as the subordinate is responsible for his superior.

Accountability: Accountability means being answerable for the outcome of the assigned work. It flows from bottom to top, that is in upward direction, as a subordinate is accountable for his work and performance to his superior.

Difference between Authority, Responsibility and Accountability

Importance of Delegation

Effective management: Sharing responsibilities with subordinates allows managers to concentrate on important matters.

Employee development: Provides opportunities for employees to develop their skills to handle complex tasks and to improve their career prospects.

Motivation of employees: Receiving responsibilities and authority from superior builds confidence and motivates subordinates to perform well.

Facilitation of growth: Receiving responsibilities from superior trains and prepares the subordinates for new projects or ventures.

Basis of management hierarchy: The degree and flow of authority and responsibility provides the basis for management hierarchy.

Better Coordination: Predetermined authority, responsibility and accountability of each position bring clarity and avoids duplication which leads to coordination.

Centralisation

All powers and authority of decision-making is retained with the top level management in this concept. 

All the decisions are taken by the higher level management in a centralised firm.

Though an organisation cannot be completely centralised, as it may disrupt the production efficiency as well as discourage departments and employees to perform to the best of their abilities. Hence for this a balance between centralisation and decentralization is needed.

Decentralisation

The power and decision-making authority are delegated or shared among all the levels of management and all departments.

Initiative: Develops initiative among subordinates as they feel motivated to take decisions on their own. It gives lower management levels a sense of autonomy by allowing them to make their own decisions. Furthermore, it fosters a sense of self-confidence and self-reliance in them. When power is given to lower-level managers, they learn to face new difficulties and solve problems on their own. 

Managerial Competence: Decentralisation allows them to demonstrate their abilities and prepare for higher-level positions, and develops managerial talent for the future, as the subordinates focus on developing their skills, and take decisions based on their knowledge. This helps in shaping their professional careers.

Quick decision making: It facilitates quick decision making as no formal structure, or long formal chains of approval needs to be followers while taking decisions.

Control: Decentralisation aids in better evaluating the organization's effectiveness. Decentralisation aids in the analysis and evaluation of each department's performance separately. As a result, the level of achievement of each department, as well as their contribution to the general objectives of the organization, can be clearly analyzed.

Growth: Decentralisation helps to increase managerial efficiency to a considerable extent. Lower-level managers gain more authority as a result of decentralisation. It encourages healthy competition among managers from various departments. In a contest to exceed one another, they give it their all, increasing overall productivity and efficiency. The organization benefits from improved overall performance and so grows.

Reduced Workload of Top Managers: Delegation of authority gives top-level managers more latitude. It assists them in delegating work to subordinates and allows them to focus on more critical and higher priority tasks, such as policy decisions. Furthermore, direct monitoring by top-level management is reduced as subordinates are given the authority to make their own judgments.

Difference between Delegation and Decentralisation

Difference between Centralisation and Decentralisation

Overview- Revision Notes Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 5

Class 12 notes ‘organising’.

This chapter discusses the fundamentals of organisation, beginning with its definition. These Class 12 revision notes Chapter 5 have discussed the topic in a straightforward and methodical manner, allowing students to master every aspect of the subject. The specialists have divided the issue into sections, and each component is presented with pertinent labelled diagrams, flowcharts, and tables. Let's look through these editing notes in detail now.

Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 5 revision notes will explain in detail the term organising and the steps involved in organising. The steps have been explained by breaking them down into points that are easy to understand and memorise. Examples provided with the topics and sub-topics make it easier for the students to develop a conceptual understanding of the concepts effectively.

The method that leads to the establishment of an organisational structure with clearly defined duties for each member is known as organising. These responsibilities are then assigned or filled by persons who are well suited for them. An organisational structure also aids in establishing the link between these positions so that each employee is clear about his or her responsibilities. To learn more about this structure and its construction, consult the Class 12 Business Studies Organising revision notes.

Organisation is very important as it not only helps in defining the roles of individuals but it leads to an effective administration and utilisation of various resources also. These revision notes will explain clearly the other areas in which organisation plays a critical role. 

NCERT Solutions Chapter 5 Class 12 Business Studies revision notes will aid the students in understanding how an organisational structure provides the framework for managerial and operational responsibilities. Students can refer to the revision notes for understanding further in detail the different types of organisational structures and how they are formed.

Every kind of organisational structure has its distinct features, advantages, and disadvantages. Students will be able to get a comparative overview of functional and divisional structure along with the difference between formal and informal structure of organisations. 

Students will also comprehend the idea of delegation, which is the transfer of authority from seniors to subordinates, by referring to Class 12 Business Studies revision notes answer chapter 5. These revision notes will expand on the principles of organisational authority, responsibility, and accountability. The importance of delegation has been explained clearly in a comprehensive and easy to understand language.

Another important aspect of organisation covered under these revision notes is decentralisation. NCERT Class 12 revision notes Business Studies Chapter 5 solution will give the students a clear idea about the importance of organising and its importance along with detailed points of difference between delegation and decentralisation.

Some of the important topics or concepts discussed in this chapter are listed below:

Meaning of organising

Steps in the process of organising

The importance of organising

Organisational structure

Types of organisational structures

Difference between functional structure and divisional structure

Formal and informal organisation

Difference between the formal and informal organisation

The importance of delegation

Difference between authority, responsibility, and accountability

The importance of decentralisation

Difference between delegation and decentralisation

Difference between centralisation and decentralisation

CBSE Class 12 Revision Notes and Key Points

CBSE Class 12 Revision Notes on Business Studies Chapter 5 is one of the best study materials for the students to revise the concepts related to organising. All the concepts of the chapter covered under Revision Notes of Chapter 5 are explained in a very simple manner so that the students can easily understand the deeper meaning of the concept. If you have finished reading the chapter from the textbook, then go through the revision notes to complete your preparation for the exam. 

You can access the free Pdf version of the Revision Notes on Chapter 5 Class 12 Business Studies by clicking on “Download PDF”. You can also download the other chapters of CBSE Class 12 Business Studies revision notes available in free pdf format from our website. Also, check out other important study materials such as NCERT Solutions of Class 12 Business Studies and Important Questions on Class 12 Business Studies from Vedantu’s website or download the app to access the best study materials.

Other Chapter Links On CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Revision Notes

Chapter 1 - Nature and Significance of Management Notes

Chapter 2 - Principles of Management Notes

Chapter 3 - Business Environment Notes

Chapter 4 - Planning Notes

Chapter 5 - Organising Notes

Chapter 6 - Staffing Notes

Chapter 7 - Directing Notes

Chapter 8 - Controlling Notes

Chapter 9 - Financial Management Notes

Chapter 10 - Financial Markets Notes

Chapter 11 - Marketing Notes

Chapter 12 - Consumer Protection Notes

Chapter 13 - Entrepreneurship Development Notes

CBSE Class 12 Revision Notes on Business Studies Chapter 5 is one of the greatest study tools for students to revise organising principles. All of the ideas discussed in Chapter 5 Revision Notes are taught in a very basic manner so that students can readily comprehend the deeper meaning of the concept. Once you have done reading the chapter from the textbook, look through the revision notes to finalise your test preparation.

You can access the free Pdf version of the Revision Notes on Chapter 5 Class 12 Business Studies by clicking on “Download PDF”. You can also download the other chapters of CBSE Class 12 Business Studies revision notes available in free pdf format from our website. Also, check out other important study materials such as NCERT Solutions of Class 12 Business Studies and Important Questions on Class 12 Business Studies from Vedantu’s website or download the app to access the best study materials .

FAQs on Organising Class 12 Notes CBSE Business Studies Chapter 5 (Free PDF Download)

1. Why should students refer to the Chapter 5 Class 12 Business Studies revision notes?

The Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 5 revision notes have been compiled by subject-matter experts and covering the topic of ‘Organisation’ in detail. Easy to understand language, tabular format for explaining the differences between the sub-topics, flowcharts, and pointwise explanations make for an interesting read and easy learning. Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 5 revision notes will help the students in preparing for the exams as they will be able to cover the entire chapter in less time without missing out on any important topic. 

2. What is the organisational structure?

Class 12 notes ‘Organising’ aim to help the students in understanding the importance of organisational structure and how it can be achieved. The revision notes explain its importance, the types, and classification of structures namely: formal and informal, functional, and divisional structure. The tabular description of the features, advantages, and disadvantages of each will help the students in understanding and memorising the concepts.

3. Are the Class 12 revision notes Chapter 5 helpful for the exam preparation?

Yes, the Class 12 revision notes Chapter 5 are helpful for the exam preparation. These notes will work as a good study resource for students and help them in covering the syllabus since the topics are explained in a question and answer format.

4. What is the underlying concept of Chapter 5 of Class 12 Business Studies?

Chapter 5 of Class 12 Business Studies talks about the concept of organising, which is the next step after planning for the proper functioning of the organisation. The chapter briefs us about various concepts and features that are involved in the step of organisation. Some of the prominent concepts that are covered in the chapter are the meaning and process of organising, the importance of organising, organisational structure, and the type of organisational structure. For a better understanding of these concepts, you can visit NCERT solutions.

5. What is the importance of organising according to Chapter 5 of Class 12 Business Studies?

organising is an essential step in any organisation in order for its smooth functioning. The process of organising helps workers to have clarity of work relationships and creating a hierarchical order in the organisation. The organisation helps in the appropriate work which reduces the workload and increases the efficiency of the workforce. It also helps in the effective administration and optimum utilisation of resources. organising is a flexible process that helps an organisation to adapt to change and helps in the expansion of the enterprise.

6. How does NCERT revision notes help in securing good marks in Chapter 5 of Class 12 Business Studies?

NCERT revision notes for Chapter 5 Organising, with valuable facts and information, is included in the syllabus provided by the CBSE. These revision notes consist of all the prominent concepts mentioned in the prescribed textbook in a simple and student-friendly language. The concepts are explained in the form of a flow chart to make the process of understanding and learning easy and quick. NCERT revision notes are organised in the same sequence as the NCERT book to avoid unnecessary confusion for the students. The notes and solutions are present on Vedantu's official website (vedantu.com) and mobile app for free of cost.

7. What is the importance of delegation in Chapter 5  of Class 12 Business Studies ?

Delegation helps the manager to utilise their time on matters of higher priority. It helps to establish effective management and motivate the workers. Employees with time to work on projects of importance improves their working skills and sharpens their logical thinking. Delegation of authority to the subordinates gives them a chance to display their work skills and efficiency. For a detailed answer, you can refer to the NCERT Solutions available on Vedantu’s official website or on the Vedantu learning app.

8. Is Chapter 5 of Class 12 Business Studies difficult to learn?

Students often find chapters difficult because of the doubts  or misunderstanding of the concepts. Organising is a chapter that talks about the basics of an organisation in a firm. Students can refer to the NCERT Solutions for a better understanding of the difficult concepts. There are important questions and extra questions for practice that will prepare the students for any kind of possible questions in the examination. Difficult terms such as delegation, decentralisation, and centralization, etc. are explained in a detailed and simple manner for students to understand and learn.

Study Materials for Class 12