research paper on zodiac signs

June 25, 2020

Is Astrology Real? Here’s What Science Says

About a third of Americans believe astrology is "very" or "sort of scientific." But does being a Pisces, Virgo rising really matter in the eyes of science?

By Everyday Einstein Sabrina Stierwalt

Adriano La Naia Getty Images

Is astrology real? Reading horoscopes is a popular diversion, but is there any science to suggest it means anything?

Inspiration finds you if you’re willing to dedicate yourself to a cause. 

Problems may arise when you’re tempted by a familiar disruption and your willpower weakens. 

On supporting science journalism

If you're enjoying this article, consider supporting our award-winning journalism by subscribing . By purchasing a subscription you are helping to ensure the future of impactful stories about the discoveries and ideas shaping our world today.

Something appearing meaningless may be a lesson to learn. 

As many as 70 million Americans read their  horoscopes  daily. Well, that’s at least according to the American Federation of Astrologers. According to a study done twenty years ago by the Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life, 25 percent of Americans believed that the positions of the stars and the planets affect our daily lives. In 2012, the General Social Survey found that  34 percent of Americans  surveyed consider astrology to be "very" or "sort of scientific" and also reported a decrease—from two-thirds to around one-half—in the fraction of people who consider astrology " not at all scientific ."

Astrology is generally defined as the belief that astronomical phenomena, like the stars overhead when you were born or the fact that  Mercury is in retrograde , have the power to influence the daily events in our lives and our personality traits. This is, of course, very different from the study of astronomy, which is the scientific study of celestial objects, space, and the physics of the universe. 

A specific aspect of astrology—the forecasting of a person’s future or the offering of advice on daily activities via horoscopes—is particularly growing in popularity. Magazines like  The Cut  reported an increase of  150 percent more hits  on horoscope pages in 2017 than in 2016.

Clearly, lots of people are looking for ways to interpret the stars for advice. Astrology is founded on understanding the positions of the stars, which seems like a scientific enough pursuit in itself. But is there any science to back up whether astrology impacts our personality and our lives?

Here's the short Answer: No. None whatsoever.

But since I have you for five more minutes of this six-minute-or-so podcast to fill, let’s look at exactly how astrology has been tested. 

Continue reading “Is Astrology Real? Here's What Science Says” on QuickAndDirtyTips.com

Journal of Population Sciences

• Original Article
• Open access
• Published: 19 October 2020

The validity of astrological predictions on marriage and divorce: a longitudinal analysis of Swedish register data

• Jonas Helgertz   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-2200-9095 1 , 2 &
• Kirk Scott 1  

Genus volume  76 , Article number:  34 ( 2020 ) Cite this article

151k Accesses

2 Citations

176 Altmetric

Metrics details

This paper examines astrology, a concept that is considered unscientific by broad segments of the population in the western world. Despite this, astrology remains for some an important source for advice regarding choices in a range of different matters, including career and relationships. The continuing popularity of astrology may at least partly be linked to an insufficient body of empirical research that has been able to test hypotheses formulated by astrological theory, both due to a lack of data beyond very small study populations as well as astrological predictions frequently being vague and thereby difficult to test. This article examines how differences in astrological favorability influence partner choice in marriage as well as the divorce risk among married couples using longitudinal individual-level data from Sweden over the period 1968-2001. The results fail to provide any consistent evidence to support the notion that astrologically more compatible couples are either overrepresented among observed marital unions or associated with a lower risk of divorce.

Introduction

Scientific progress has played a fundamental role in achieving the high standards of living that we currently enjoy. Undoubtedly, innovations and scientific discoveries accomplished by mankind have laid the foundation for progress that individuals with only one or two generations earlier could never have imagined. While most are likely to acknowledge the role of the scientific process for many of the innovations we today take for granted, nontrivial sections of populations across countries in the developed world are skeptical toward the scientific community and either unable or unwilling to weigh the merits of evidence accumulated from carefully designed empirical studies against anecdotal evidence or outlier observations. Recent examples that have attracted substantial media coverage include proponents of anti-vaccination campaigns and supporters of the view that global warming as a result of greenhouse gas emission is a hoax, not to mention current skepticism toward wearing a face mask to counteract the spread of an airborne virus during a global pandemic.

Scientific literacy has been identified as greatly important for well-functioning nations and societies, with claims that populations that are more scientifically literate facilitate democratic societies to make informed and fair decisions about issues that are based on science (National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 2016 ). The concept of scientific literacy roughly refers to individuals’ ability to understand and interpret scientific findings, as well as the capacity to evaluate information on the basis of its source and the methods used to generate it (Miller, 1998 ). The concept of scientific literacy therefore represents an important societal characteristic, as the lack of it empowers decision-making based on opinions and emotions rather than refutable facts. This paper examines the validity of astrological predictions within the realm of romantic relationships, a concept that is met with considerable skepticism by the scientific community and sometimes viewed as synonymous with scientific illiteracy (Allum, 2011 ). It is, however, a phenomenon that has been embraced and consulted by sizeable audiences across the world for centuries. Indeed, astrology continues to offer advice to individuals about personal matters including relationships and career choices in books, on the internet, and in magazines and newspapers, possibly influencing the lives of its most devoted followers. Despite valuable contributions from previous research into the validity of astrological predictions, the bulk of it is based on very small and sometimes strongly selected samples. The main contribution of this article is its use of longitudinal individual-level data over the time period 1968-2001 for a large study population in Sweden to test to what extent predictions regarding couples’ compatibility based on easily accessible astrology outlets are supported by empirical data. More specifically, this is done through examining to what extent favorable sun-sign combinations are reflected in marital partner choice, as well as analyzing its influence on the divorce risks of married couples. While recognizing our study’s limitations, only examining Sweden and a small subset of the astrological predictions available, our results fail to provide any consistent support of the hypotheses tested.

Ideas guided by astrological principles have existed in just about every human civilization, going back several millennia before the birth of Christ (Tester, 1989 ). The basic underlying concept is that the positioning of celestial objects at a time that is of significance to the individual influences fundamental aspects of their personality, motivations, wants, and needs. As a consequence, the astrologer, an individual trained to calculate the position of relevant objects and make an accurate reading will be able to make predictions or recommendations positively influencing individual well-being. Astrology represented an essential part of the culture of several ancient civilizations and was until comparatively recently considered to be a science. Western astrology goes back several centuries prior to the birth of Christ, with the birth of modern astrology being attributed to Ptolemy’s Tetrabiblos , considered to be the earliest comprehensive textbook on astrology (Woolfolk, 2006 ). A key characteristic of western astrology is its horoscopic nature, implying that predictions can be made based on the positioning of the planets, and stars at a given point in time, typically at the individual’s time of birth. From the end of the Roman Empire until today, the popularity of astrology among the general public in what is today the western world has varied considerably. It experienced a considerable resurgence among both intellectuals and the general public during the Renaissance, while it came under increasing scrutiny during the age of Enlightenment. This was largely due to the scientific discoveries of—among others—Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, and Newton, displacing the Earth from the center of the solar system as well as introducing a new understanding of physics.

In recent centuries, however, astrology has experienced a revival, again becoming widely popular and used primarily for entertainment, but in certain cases also with the intent to obtain guidance. Individuals in western countries are exposed to weekly or monthly horoscopes in just about every printed newspaper. Bogart ( 1989 ) reports that about 85% of American newspapers included an astrology column in 1987, a figure that is most likely very similar today. In addition, there is a plethora of horoscopes or other information related to astrology available on the internet as well as in books, for those who consider themselves to be more than a casual consumer. While data is scarce, and it is difficult to directly compare across different studies, the persistence of horoscopes in popular media confirms that the general public’s consumption of astrology remains high. Maitre ( 1966 ) examined a sample of Parisians, showing that about 30% of those surveyed reported to be consumers of astrology. Some 20 years later, in the UK, in 1988, Bauer and Durant ( 1997 ) report that 73% of the adult population read horoscopes or astrology reports, with the majority doing so “fairly often” or “often.” For the USA, in 1999, about half of the population surveyed for the 2000 Science and Engineering Indicators report claimed that they read their horoscope at least occasionally (National Science Board, 2000 ).

Existing data suggests that the majority of individuals who read horoscopes do so primarily for the entertainment value of it, with less than one of ten individuals in the UK, claiming that they take astrology reports “seriously” or “fairly seriously” (Bauer & Durant, 1997 ). More recent statistics from many different countries, however, indicate that the share of the population who look to horoscopes not only for entertainment but also believe them to have scientific value is considerably higher than what is suggested by the figure from the UK. A 2005 Gallup survey in the USA, for example, revealed that one-quarter of those interviewed believed that “astrology (...) can affect people’s lives” (Lyons, 2005 ). This remains true even more recently, with 42% of Americans in 2012 claiming astrology is either “sort of scientific” or “very scientific” (National Science Board, 2014 ). Indeed, the same survey reports that the share rejecting astrology as “not at all scientific” in 2012 was at its lowest point since 1983. Another interesting observation from the US survey that has also been reported from Europe (Allum, 2011 ), is that there is a negative relationship between age and believing in astrology.

In Europe, net of a range of individual-level characteristics, beliefs in astrology are shown to vary substantially across countries. While the results display no clear geographical pattern, Sweden emerges as one of the countries with the lowest share of individuals believing in astrology. Indeed, the 2015 wave of a Swedish attitude survey indicated that only 13% were leaning toward believing in astrology, with only 3% expressing a firm belief that “the positioning of the planet at the time of the individual’s birth influences their daily lives and personality” (Foreningen Vetenskap och Folkbildning, 2015 ). Further corroborating evidence for the comparatively low level of belief in astrology in Sweden comes from the 2005 Special Eurobarometer, surveying individuals in 25 EU countries. Overall, the survey found that 41% of those surveyed gave astrology a score of 4 out of 5 when asked to assess how scientific it is. This study, along with others, have however indicated that individuals tend to conflate astrology and astronomy, indeed suggested by a substantially smaller share who assesses the scientific qualities of horoscopes as high, only amounting to 13% (see also Allum, 2011 ).

Theoretical framework

The theoretical foundation upon which astrology predicts the relationship compatibility of two individuals is based on a belief that the position of celestial bodies at the time of birth has a profound influence on the personality (Orion, 2007 ). While the theory is rather clear about which characteristic that is influenced by which celestial body and about the strength of this influence depending on its position at the time of birth, it is less clear about the mechanism which produces the predicted outcome. The most comprehensive (and, arguably, precise) astrological reading is referred to as natal astrology, and requires information not only on the individual’s time of birth but also the geographical location in order to thoroughly assess a range of different characteristics (Oken, 1988 ). This is needed in order to not only identify the location of the sun at the time of birth but also the location of several other celestial bodies, each associated with their unique influence on the individual’s personality. All ten celestial bodies examined, from the Sun and the Moon to Venus and Uranus alternate between the twelve familiar different sun signs, at varying intervals, and with differing implications for how the individual’s associated traits are expressed (Woolfolk, 2006 ). For example, if the planet Venus, associated with ruling the force of attraction, sexual and otherwise, is in Cancer at the time of the individual’s birth, the individual is predicted to be a nester, whereas when it is in Scorpio, the love life tends to be stormier. The sign of the moon—describing emotional reactions, changes every 2-3 days, whereas those of more distant planets change much less frequently (Orion, 2007 ).

The astrologer also needs to address the twelve so-called houses, representing another dimension of authority over specific areas of interest of the individual’s life. In terms of their areas of influence, the fifth house, for example, influences the individual’s experience in the area of romance and children, whereas the seventh house influences marriage and partnerships. The ascendant, the rising sign or the first house, is the sign that was rising over the eastern horizon at the moment of the individual’s birth, rotating overall twelve zodiac signs over the course of 24 h (once approximately every 2 h), implying that, for every day, each sign is the rising sign during a 24 h period. The outcome of this is that if an individual whose sun sign is Aries is born while Aries is the ascendant, the resulting personality traits will be courageous, ambitious, and impulsive. Having found the ascendant, assigning the remaining eleven houses is straightforward, since this follows the sign chart. Thus, if the ascendant is Gemini, the second house will be Cancer, followed by Leo and so forth, until all twelve houses are occupied.

While a full natal reading requires more comprehensive information and thereby also is argued to provide a more precise astrological reading, the majority of horoscopes consumed by the general public are represented by a sun-sign astrological reading. This type of horoscope bases the astrological prediction solely on the position of the sun on the day an individual was born, without accounting for the position of the remaining nine celestial bodies or the houses. Despite its comparatively greater simplicity, astrologers widely claim sun sign horoscopes to be highly informative regarding matters such as relationships and career, and these represent what is normally encountered in magazines and newspapers (Crowe, 1990 ). The twelve sun signs are argued to be distinguishable according to three different qualities, which together form the basis for the individual’s essential personality traits. The first dimension divides the sun signs into two categories, the positive (masculine) and the negative (feminine) signs. Individuals born under the positive signs are believed to be more extroverted, objective, and assertive, whereas the negative signs are associated with the opposite qualities, namely introversion, subjectivity, and being receptive (Hamilton, 2001 ). The next dimension is referred to as a sun sign’s modality, dividing the sun signs into three categories which describe differences in individuals’ forms of expression. Gemini, along with Virgo, Sagittarius, and Pisces, represent the mutable sun signs, considered to be flexible and versatile. In contrast, individuals belonging to the four fixed sun signs are focused and determined, whereas the last category, the four cardinal sun signs are enterprising, promoting change, and making things happen. The third and last dimension is represented by the elements, allocating each sign of the zodiac to one of the four elements: fire, earth, air, and water. Following the same logic as the previously discussed dimensions, the twelve sun signs are distributed evenly across the four elements, thus with three sun signs in each. The associated characteristics are informative about the individual’s character, with the air signs (Gemini, Libra, Aquarius) being strong both when it comes to intellect and sociability, whereas the corresponding strengths for the fire signs (Aries, Leo, Sagittarius) are vitality, excitement, and intensity. Taking the three dimensions together, each sun sign is represented by a unique combination of characteristics, allowing the astrologer to make predictions about essential features of the individual, in addition to determining which sun signs are the most compatible in romantic relationships (Orion, 2007 ).

Previous research

Despite the contemporary scientific community’s enduring skepticism toward astrology, frequently labeling it a pseudo-science (Thagard, 1978 ), there is a relative dearth of empirical studies examining its potential validity. Difficulties in evaluating the validity of astrology are intrinsically linked to predictions from horoscopes which are often very vague, making testable hypotheses difficult to formulate. Indeed, the vagueness of astrological predictions is likely to be a key reason for its persistent popularity among the general public, since individuals have a tendency to embrace unspecific (favorable) characterizations of themselves as accurate if they believe that they are the result of a systematic procedure and uniquely generated for them. This phenomenon is named the Barnum effect , and its relevance for astrology was first illustrated by Forer ( 1949 ) who conducted an experiment where he provided students with what they believed to carefully tailored personality evaluations. The evaluations handed out were, however, identical across all students, consisting of a rather general description of personality traits. The students’ high degree of agreement with said evaluations led Forer to conclude that the students’ behavior was consistent with the Barnum effect (see also Fichten & Sunerton, 1983 ).

Another feature linked to astrology is that of self-attribution, referring to how knowledge of one’s horoscope influences how one remembers experiences (Glick & Snyder, 1986 ; Munro & Munro, 2000 ). More specifically, an individual who reads in their daily horoscope that they will meet with some unfortunate event is likely to pay particular attention to situations that could be perceived as threatening or dangerous, thus, positively reinforcing a confirmation bias. Similarly, an individual who knows that they are supposed to be short-tempered because of their particular sun sign, will be more likely to remember behavior consistent with this description than someone displaying a similar behavior but whose horoscope says that they are patient. Related to this, Hamilton ( 2001 ) suggested that a key determinant of an individual’s acceptance of astrology is linked to the degree of favorability that it offers. As a consequence, astrology could affect an individual’s experience, not necessarily because the astrological prediction is correct, but because it influences how individuals perceive events. Clobert, Van Cappellen, Bourdon, and Cohen ( 2016 ) confirm this through showing that individuals subjected to a positive astrological reading not only interpreted ambiguous events in a more favorable light but also that it positively affected cognitive performance and creativity. Further support for the hypothesis that observed effects are driven by self-attribution is provided by the fact that effects were the strongest for individuals self-professing to believe in astrology (Hamilton, 2001 ).

The vast majority of the empirical research has focused on whether an individual’s displayed personality traits are consistent with those predicted by astrology, producing rather mixed results. One strand of literature has investigated to what extent individuals are able to accurately predict which out of two astrology readings—one actually made for them and one for another sign—applies to themselves, depending on their birth chart. The results have failed to confirm individuals’ ability to do so (Carlson, 1985 ; Culver & Ianna, 1988 ; Dean, 1987 ). Another number of papers have examined a fundamental prediction in astrology, namely that individuals born with the sun in a positive sign are more extroverted. Analyzing the personality scores of a comparatively large sample of individuals, Mayo, White, and Eysenck ( 1978 ) clearly found differences in extroversion scores that are consistent with astrological predictions. While a number of subsequent studies confirmed their findings (e.g., Fuzeau-Braesch, 1997 ; Jackson, 1979 ; Smithers & Cooper, 1978 ), several scholars indeed found that the relationship observed was driven by self-attribution. As an example, van Rooij ( 1994 ) shows that aforementioned personality differences can only be observed among individuals with prior knowledge about astrology, a result which mirrors the findings of Eysenck ( 1981 ) as well as the later studies by Hamilton ( 1995 ) and Chico and Lorenzo-Seva ( 2006 ).

To our knowledge, only a small number of previous studies have examined the influence of astrology on outcomes relating to matters of love and relationships. The earliest example is Silverman ( 1971 ), who analyzes marriage and divorce records from Michigan in 1967 and 1968. While being a rather rudimentary test of compatibility, using predictions from two named astrologers, the study fails to find any indications suggesting that the predictions of two independent astrologers are consistent with what is observed in the data. These findings were challenged by Sachs ( 1999 ), using data from Switzerland to examine the relationship between zodiac sign combinations and marriages, divorces as well as a selection of other outcomes. According to Sachs, among the 13 sun-sign pairs that displayed higher than expected marriage probabilities, 12 belonged to pairings that are deemed astrologically compatible. Another study, by Blackmore and Seebold ( 2001 ) found that women who are subjected to positive love advice through their horoscopes were observed with slightly elevated relationship scores, compared to women exposed to neutral advice. Effects were largest for women with greater belief in astrology, consistent with self-attribution. Lastly, Henningsen and Miller Henningsen ( 2013 ) examine a sample of married individuals, investigating to what extent the couple’s astrological compatibility is associated with the degree of marital satisfaction. While simultaneously controlling for individuals’ beliefs in astrology, thus attempting to cancel out the self-attribution influence, the study finds some support for astrological compatibility.

Data and methods

We use the Swedish Longitudinal Immigrant (SLI) database, hosted and administered at the Centre for Economic Demography, Lund University, Sweden. The SLI contains data from several administrative registers, providing longitudinal socio-demographic, economic, and health-related information on about 500,000 unique individuals, continuously observed over the time period 1968-2001. The database was originally developed to examine research questions focused on immigrant-native differences in socioeconomic and demographic outcomes and therefore contains an oversampling of the sixteen largest immigrant nationalities living in Sweden during the time period in question. Despite this oversampling of the foreign born, the nationally representative sample of natives represents by far the largest group in the data. As a result, the dataset is appropriate also for research without an explicit immigrant focus.

Since this study examines astrological predictions of relationship compatibility, the primary outcome of interest is divorce of those in marital unions. We restrict our analytical sample to Nordic born index individuals in heterosexual unions with Nordic born spouses. This provides a study population with a largely similar cultural background and thereby more similar views on marriage and divorce as well as a similar propensity to believe in, and consult, astrology. With the study population additionally restricted to individuals between the ages of 18 and 70, the number of marital unions observed in the data amount to roughly 66,000. Our analysis also examines the determinants of legal divorce with an additional sample restriction being that all examined unions were observed from the beginning of the marital union , since this is necessary to accurately measure time at risk of dissolution. Censoring in the data occurs when (i) either spouse dies or emigrates or (ii) the index individual turns 70 years of age. As a result, the number of unions examined in the divorce analysis drops to about 46,000, with 15,000 ending in divorce during the follow-up period.

Using information on date of birth, we determine the zodiac signs of both the index individual and their spouse, yielding 144 zodiac-sign combinations Footnote 1 . A potential source of criticism of this method is that more detailed information containing the precise place of birth (latitude and longitude) as well as the precise time of day that the individual was born, is required in order for a more exact horoscope to be read. The majority of horoscopes consumed by the general public in magazines, online, and in newspapers is, however, based solely on the date of birth. Consequently, it would follow that our ability to assess zodiac signs only based on the date of birth does not represent an insurmountable disadvantage, but rather reflects the way these signs are constructed in daily use.

The measurements of relationship compatibility based on zodiac sign combinations that are examined in the analysis are summarized in Table 1 . While we are using data on couples in Sweden, the majority of the relationship classifications tested in this article was provided in English, due to the dearth of source material in Swedish. We do not have any information on whether sample individuals actually believe in astrology, something that we claim should not matter, as astrological theory would suggest that individuals are influenced regardless of whether they have any knowledge of astrology.

The relationship compatibility classifications were obtained through accessing alexa.com ’s top 500 astrology websites as well as through Google searches. Among sources whose primary subject matter is astrology, we selected those that offered information on relationship compatibility based on partners’ zodiac signs free of charge. The information furthermore had to unambiguously define varying degrees of compatibility between zodiac signs, enabling an operationalization for quantitative analysis that did not rely on researcher interpretation. As evident from the table, the classifications employ different methods to distinguish between relationship compatibility, with all but one (#3), appropriate for a categorical operationalization. The following column shows the share of possible zodiac sign combinations that are allocated to each respective compatibility category, while the last column shows the visitor volume of each site. To illustrate the importance of these sources, two of the sites used obtained over 15 million monthly visitors during the first 6 months of 2020. Also note that while classifications 1-5 were provided in English, the final classification, #6, is provided in Swedish.

One issue associated with two of the classifications is their lack of symmetry. As an example, while an Aquarius may be indicated as being a great pairing for a Libra, the opposite does not apply. Unfortunately, the source does comment on whether the asymmetry is accidental or on purpose. Since our objective is to test the astrological predictions as they were provided, the main results classify relationships in accordance with the original source, with results adjusting for this asymmetry provided as a sensitivity analysis.

The initial analysis focuses on partner choice through marriage, where we examine the distribution of spouses’ zodiac combinations of all observed marital unions in the dataset, conditional on sample restrictions. We examine the extent to which unions deemed more favorable appear more frequently than expected by chance. Put simply, if an individual is exposed to a marriage market consisting of 50% of individuals who are type “favorable match” and the other 50% being type “unfavorable match,” the probability of marrying an individual belonging to either category simply by chance is 50%. If, however, preferences and compatibilities consistent with the hypotheses tested in this paper exist, the probability of marriage to an individual belonging to the “favorable match” category would exceed 50%. Consequently, if the actual number of “favorable” unions statistically significantly exceeds what would be expected had the process been driven solely by chance (or some other characteristic not correlated with the zodiac sign), this would support the hypotheses tested in the paper. More specifically, this would be consistent with a higher degree of compatibility among astrologically favorable couples, reflected in an elevated share among the observed marital unions. We approximate the marriage market population through the distribution across zodiac signs of the population of index individuals, and differences in means between the predicted and actual number of marriages are assessed using t tests.

The second part of the analysis is represented by the estimation of Cox proportional hazards models. Here, we examine whether astrologically favorable couples are less likely to divorce. The union represents the unit of analysis at risk of dissolution through a legal divorce from the time of marriage. Time at risk is specified as the number of days elapsed from marriage and unions are followed until legally divorcing or censoring. Apart from the key independent variables for the article, measuring the zodiac sign combination of the couple, the main models only control for the sex of the index person as well as their nativity. The motivation for this is that the majority of the standard control variables in an analysis of divorce can be argued to be simultaneously affected by the individual’s zodiac sign, thus making them bad controls. For the sake of being able to compare the size of the associations between zodiac-combinations and the risk of divorce with the influence of other characteristics that are known to be important, such as educational attainment and the age difference between the spouses, we also estimate models including a full set of spousal sociodemographic characteristics. In addition to already mentioned determinants, the complete models also control for whether the individual and their spouse were native born, the highest (observed) marriage order of the current union, and whether either spouse has any children under the age of 18. The sample means of the population examined in the multivariate analysis are presented in Table A1, Additional file 1 .

We begin the analysis by examining the extent to which astrologically favorable relationships are overrepresented among the 66,063 unions that are observed in the data, translating to an average of 458.8 unions for each of the 144 unique zodiac sign combinations. As previously mentioned, we expect the distribution of the index individuals to approximate the marriage market population, implying that—in the absence of any preferences that correlate with zodiac sign—an individual’s probability of marrying someone who, e.g., happens to be Pisces should amount to 8.7% (5778/66,063), unconditional on the index person’s own sign. As displayed in Table 2 , the share of index individuals who have a spouse who is a Pisces ranges from a low among the Aquarius of 8.05 percent, to a high of 9.25% among index individuals belonging to the zodiac sign Cancer. As an initial test of the validity of the astrological predictions presented earlier, evidence in favor of the examined classifications is obtained if an overrepresentation similar to the Cancer-Pisces characterize zodiac sign combinations that are considered to be astrologically favorable. Within each category of compatibility , we compare the mean number of observed to expected unions across all zodiac sign combinations, using t tests to examine whether the difference is statistically significant, consistently finding this not to be the case ( p > 0.1).

Table 3 shows the average number of marriages in each zodiac pairing that we would expect to occur as a result of a random process based on the assumption that the zodiac-sign distribution of the marriage market resembles the population of index individual, by categories of astrological compatibility. Beginning with classification #1, presented in Table 3 , out of the 144 possible zodiac sign combinations, 38 are considered to be “good,” with remaining classified as “less good.” Across all zodiac sign combinations that according to classification #1 are “good,” the mean number of observed unions amounts to 462.47, while the average predicted ( i.e. , random ) number of unions amounts to 463.01, with the difference not being statistically significant, even at the ten percent level. Thus, the mean actual number of unions is lower than what chance would predict based on the index population distribution, at odds with the expectation that comparably more favorable zodiac sign combinations would be overrepresented among married couples. Instead, the data reveals a slight overrepresentation of unions belonging to zodiac sign combinations that are considered to be less favorable, according to classification #1.

Similar results can be observed for remaining categorical measurements of relationship compatibility, also presented in Table 3 Footnote 2 . While zodiac sign combinations that according to classification #2 have “low compatibility” indeed are observed to be less common than predicted by chance, the same is observed among couples with “high astrological affinity.” A similar underrepresentation of observed couples belonging to the most favorable zodiac sign combinations is obtained for remaining classifications. Indeed, while differences between the mean number of observed to predicted number of unions in all classifications remain statistically insignificant, the results—if anything—consistently suggest a systematic overrepresentation of unions characterized by comparatively unfavorable zodiac sign combinations.

Turning to the second part of the analysis, we focus on the determinants of marriage dissolution, testing whether individuals in astrologically favorable relationships experience a lower risk of divorce, estimated by means of Cox proportional hazards regression. While our main models, presented in Table 4 , only include covariates that can credibly be argued not to be influenced by the individual’s zodiac sign, corresponding models including a full set of sociodemographic characteristics are available in Table A2, Additional file 1 .

Models in Table 4 display the hazard ratios from Cox proportional hazards models of the association between the degree of relationship compatibility predicted by the websites used and the risk of divorce. The first classification, in Model 1, distinguishes between two categories of matches, with the reference category representing less compatible couples. In accordance with this expectation, the point estimate indeed suggests that the more compatible couples experience a lower risk of divorce. The size of the association, however, suggests a rather small influence, only amounting to a 2% reduction in the risk of divorce. The point estimate is also not statistically significantly different from the reference category. Given the statistical power of the data used, the observed effect must be considered to be a null effect, and we must reject that these predictions exert any real influence on the outcome.

Model 2 tests classification #2, arranging couples’ degree of compatibility along an ordinal scale, ranging from “low compatibility” to “high astrological affinity.” The “fairly compatible” category is chosen as the reference category, with the results again failing to provide any consistent support for the hypothesis that astrologically more compatible couples experience a lower risk of divorce. The point estimates are not statistically significantly different from each other, and the magnitudes also fail to consistently indicate that increased compatibility is associated with a lower divorce risk. More specifically, whereas the most favorable zodiac sign combination category, “high astrological affinity” is observed with point estimates indicating a lower divorce risk all other groups, the higher divorce risk among couples with “good compatibility” compared to those that have “low compatibility” is inconsistent with the expectation.

Classification #3 is the only one that is operationalized as a continuous variable. Here, the compatibility score ranges from 10-92, with a higher score indicating a greater relationship compatibility. The results are presented in model 3, with the hazard ratio indicating the change in divorce risk associated with a one-unit increase in compatibility. This model fails to provide any support to the hypothesis that couples with zodiac sign combinations that reflect a higher degree of compatibility are less likely to divorce, since the hazard ratio of 1.00 (which is not statistically significant) implies that the compatibility score is not associated with the risk of divorce.

Returning to a categorical specification of relationship compatibility, model 4 tests classification #4, distinguishing between three different degrees of compatibility. The intermediate category, “favorable match,” is the reference category, with “not favorable” and “great match” representing the other outcomes. Point estimates suggest both “not favorable” and “great match” zodiac sign combinations as experiencing a lower divorce risk than the intermediate reference category, both experiencing a 1.6% lower divorce risk. Consequently, the absence of a pattern between the categories that are consistent with the expectations, coupled with a lack of statistical significance, results in the refusal of yet another astrological prediction. We arrive at a similar conclusion from the test of classification #5, in model 5. Compared to the reference category, the intermediate level of compatibility, labeled “so-so,” the divorce risk is lower both in unions characterized as being better (“most compatible”) as well as worse (“least compatible”). The most compatible couples do experience a divorce risk that is almost five percent lower than the reference category, in addition to being statistically significant. However, as the hazard ratio for the least compatible group also is less than for the reference category, the most and least compatible categories become statistically indistinguishable from each other, thus refuting this classification as well.

Lastly, model 6 tests the only classification presented in Swedish, namely classification #6. This classification rates a couple’s compatibility through assigning a number of hearts, effectively becoming another ordinal classification containing six unique degrees of compatibility. The reference category is represented by relationships that are assigned three hearts, i.e., neither particularly good nor, for that matter, bad. Again, while the most compatible couple category is associated with a slightly lower probability of divorce compared to the reference category, it is not statistically significant. Additionally, all categories yield lower divorce probabilities than the reference, with the only category showing a statistically significant lower probability being judged as less compatible than the reference category.

Our results do not provide evidence in support of any of the classifications evaluated in this article. With few exceptions, point estimates have been small in size, something which is further emphasized when compared to associations between standard sociodemographic determinants and divorce, presented in Table A2, Additional file 1 . For example, the spouses’ educational attainment, the presence of children under the age of 18 as well as previous experiences of divorce are all consistently much more strongly associated with the risk of divorce within the current union than the couple’s degree of astrological compatibility.

Robustness analysis

The results have yielded a consistent story, albeit one that fails to find any support for the examined astrological predictions about relationship compatibility, either in terms of marriages or divorces. Before turning to the conclusions, some caveats and our attempts to address them must be mentioned.

The first caveat is linked to the classifications used to identify relationship compatibility, which is only based on the individual’s sun sign and not on a full astrological reading. One could argue that results would have been different if we were able to rely on a more comprehensive reading. Given the fact that sun-sign astrology is the predominant form of astrology consumed by the general public, in combination with many sources for more elaborate astrological readings also offering astrological advice solely based on the individual’s day of birth, we believe it is a relevant subject of study.

Given the comparatively low degree of general belief in astrology in Sweden, the context should be close to ideal for the examination of a phenomenon of proposed universal validity such as astrology. Despite this, a second potential threat to the reliability of our results could be that couples in astrologically favorable unions and with knowledge of astrology are more willing to enter into as well as remain in a marital union. For the marriage analysis, the influence of such a bias is ambiguous. On the one hand, it may serve to increase the number of observed favorable marital unions, as individuals in relationships that they know to be astrologically favorable also may be more likely to enter into a marital union. On the other hand, the number of unfavorable marital unions may also become inflated due to their greater dissolution propensity, and thus greater remarriage probability among those affected. For the analysis of divorce, the outlined process would bias the results toward a lower risk of divorce for the astrologically favorable relationship categories, thus, further reinforcing the validity of our results.

As noted earlier, two of the examined classifications are not symmetrical, as, e.g., the pairing Aries-Capricorn may have been indicated as favorable, whereas Capricorn-Aries was not, despite belonging to one and the same classification scheme. For the main analysis, we opted not to make any adjustments for these asymmetries, as our aim was to test astrological predictions as they are provided to the general public. Table A3, Additional file 1 , however, displays results after making adjustments in order to achieve symmetry, with qualitatively identical results. It should be noted that the coefficient illustrating the experience of couples who according to the adjusted classification #1 are the most astrologically favorable now is associated with a risk of divorce that is 4.1% lower than a less compatible couple, as well as being statistically significant (see model 1). This result should, however, be interpreted in light of the entire set of analyses performed in this article, along with its comparatively marginal association with the outcome, thus, more likely representing an outlier rather than as being part of a consistent body of evidence suggesting astrological compatibility being an important determinant of divorce.

A final sensitivity check pertains to the adjustment of the sample to exclude cusp births. Cusp births refer to individuals born a few days before or after the transition from one zodiac sign to the next, and are sometimes believed to be influenced by both signs. Thus, an individual born on August 24, and thus technically a Virgo but right after the transition from Leo (ending August 23), may display characteristics of both signs. To investigate whether the presence of cusp births influences our results, we restrict the analysis to couples where both partners were born at least 4 days before and after the break dates between zodiac signs. Taking Leo as an example, the period for this sign ranges from July 23 to August 22, but we only include individuals born from July 28 and until August 18. These results (Additional file 1 , Table A4) are virtually identical to those of the main analysis, suggesting that the somewhat less precisely defined characteristics of the sample when including cusp births are not driving the lack of results supporting relationship predictions founded in astrology.

To our knowledge, this is the first study, which uses large-scale longitudinal administrative register data with precise information on dates of birth and marriage and divorce allowing for a thorough examination of the issue at hand. As a result, trivial effect sizes and the lack of statistical significance cannot be the result of a lack of statistical power.

We empirically test astrologically based predictions about couples’ degree of relationship compatibility obtained from six different, freely available, online sources. While by no means representing a comprehensive account of the astrological advice that is being offered online, the classifications tested were found through standard search methods from both high and low traffic websites. The analysis conducted in this article should serve as a valid test of the benefits associated with recommendations provided by astrology in order to achieve happiness in relationships. Our analysis, examining over 65,000 marital unions over the time period 1968-2001, rejects the validity of advice provided by these sites. First, there are no indications suggesting that individuals in astrologically favorable sun-sign combinations are over represented in marriage. Second, our results not only indicate rather trivial and statistically insignificant differences in the risk of divorce depending on couples’ varying degree of astrological compatibility, but they also fail to suggest any systematically lower risk of divorce among couples who are indicated as being highly compatible.

Based on the results presented in the paper, what can be said about the external validity of the results and to what extent they reflect causality? In an international comparison, Nordic natives rank very low in cross-country comparisons of beliefs in the supernatural, including religion as well as astrology. As a consequence, we assert that the Nordic countries represent an optimal context to test astrological predictions about couples’ relationship compatibility. More specifically, the examined astrological principles should be considered to be in operation regardless of whether an individual believes in them or is even aware of their implications. Individuals who do believe in them are, however, more likely to be aware of what they predict and therefore also allow them to influence their decisions. Consequently, at the individual level, the knowledge of and belief in astrology represents an unobserved factor, which may bias the relationship between zodiac sign combination and the risk of divorce, as it is correlated with both. Thus, a lower divorce risk among “good” zodiac sign pairings may be the result of individuals more familiar with astrology choosing partners based on their time of birth, as well as holding out for longer until marriage dissolution simply due to these beliefs. If so, the estimate of the effect of relationship compatibility will not reflect a causal relationship. The examination of a context where the belief in astrology is comparatively low thereby ascertains that the influence of such sources of bias is minimized.

Availability of data and materials

Individual-level data is confidential in accordance with the Swedish law. Access can, however, be granted through the Centre for Economic Demography, Lund University.

78 unique combinations if, e.g., Aries-Pisces and Pisces-Aries are counted as one.

The test is not straightforwardly applicable to a continuous classification of compatibility.

Abbreviations

Swedish Longitudinal Immigrant database

Allum, N. (2011). What makes some people think astrology is scientific? Science Communication , 33 (3), 341–366.

Google Scholar  

Bauer, M., & Durant, J. (1997). Belief in astrology: A social-psychological analysis. In Culture and Cosmos .

Blackmore, S., & Seebold, M. (2001). The effect of horoscopes on women's relationships. Correlation. , 19 , 17–32.

Bogart, L. (1989). Press and public: Who reads what, when, where, and why in American newspapers . Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Carlson, S. (1985). A double-blind test of astrology. Nature , 318 , 419–425.

Chico, E., & Lorenzo-Seva, U. (2006). Belief in astrology inventory: Development and validation. Psychological Reports , 99 , 851–863.

Clobert, M., Van Cappellen, P., Bourdon, M., & Cohen, A. B. (2016). Good day for Leo’s: Horoscope’s influence on perception, cognitive performances, and creativity. Personality and Individual Differences , 101 , 348–355.

Crowe, R. A. (1990). Astrology and the scientific method. Psychological Reports , 67 , 163–191.

Culver, R. B., & Ianna, P. A. (1988). Astrology: true or false? Amherst (New York): Prometheus Books.

Dean, G. (1987). Does Astrology Need to be True? Part 2. Skeptical Inquirer , 11 (3), 257–273.

Eysenck, H. J. (1981). Die wissenschäftliche Erforschung der Astrologie und die Förderung nach “naïven” Versuchspersonen.[Scientific research into astrology and the demand for naive subjects.]. Zeitschrift für Parapsychologie und Grenzgebiete der Psychologie , 23 (2), 89–95.

Fichten, C. S., & Sunerton, B. (1983). Popular horoscopes and the “Barnum Effect”. The Journal of Psychology , 114 (1), 123–134.

Foreningen Vetenskap och Folkbildning (2015). VoF-undersokningen 2015

Forer, B. R. (1949). The fallacy of personal validation: A classroom demonstration of gullibility. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , 44 (1), 118–123.

Fuzeau-Braesch, S. (1997). Astrology and sociability: A comparative analysis of the results of a psychological test. Journal of Scientific Exploration , 11 (3), 297–316.

Glick, P., & Snyder, M. (1986). Self-fulfilling prophecy: The psychology of belief in astrology. The Humanist , 46 (3), 20–23.

Hamilton, M. (2001). Who believes in astrology? Effect of favorableness of astrologically derived personality descriptions on acceptance of astrology. Personality and Individual Differences , 31 , 895–902.

Hamilton, M. M. (1995). Incorporation of astrology-based personality information into long-term self-concept. Journal of Social behavior and Personality , 10 (3), 707.

Henningsen, D. D., & Miller Henningsen, M. L. (2013). It’s not you, it’s Capricorn: Testing astrological compatibility as a predictor of marital satisfaction. Human Communication , 16 (4), 171–183.

Jackson (1979). Extroversion, neuroticism, and date of birth: a Southern Hemisphere study. Journal of Psychology , 101 (1979), 197–198.

Lyons, L. (2005, Nov 1). Paranormal beliefs come (super)naturally to some. Retreived from https://news.gallup.com/poll/19558/paranormal-beliefs-come-supernaturally-some.aspx on 4/4/18

Maitre, J. (1966). The consumption of astrology in contemporary society. Diogenes , 14 (53), 82–98.

Mayo, J., White, O., & Eysenck, H. J. (1978). An empirical study of the relation between astrological factors and personality. The Journal of Social Psychology , 105 (2), 229–236.

Miller, J. D. (1998). The measurement of civic scientific literacy. Public Understanding of Science , 7 , 203–223.

Munro, G. D., & Munro, J. E. (2000). Using daily horoscopes to demonstrate expectancy confirmation. Teaching of Psychology. , 27 (2), 114–116.

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (2016). Science Literacy: Concepts, Contexts, and Consequences . Washington, DC: The National Academies Press https://doi.org/10.17226/23595 .

National Science Board (2000). Science and engineering indicators: 2000 . Arlington: National Science Foundation.

National Science Board (2014). Science and engineering indicators 2014 , (pp. 14–01). Arlington: National Science Foundation (NSB.

Oken, A. (1988). Alan Oken’s complete astrology , Revised Edition. Bantam trade ed.

Orion, R. (2007). Astrology for dummies , (2nd ed., ). Hoboken: Wiley Publishing.

Sachs, G. (1999). The Astrology File: Scientific Proof of the Link Between Star Signs and Human Behavior Orion Publishing Group, Limited, 1999 .

Silverman, B. I. (1971). Studies of astrology. The Journal of Psychology , 77 (2), 141–149.

Smithers, A. G., & Cooper, H. J. (1978). Personality and season of birth. The Journal of Social Psychology , 105 (2), 237–241.

Tester, S. J. (1989). A History of Western Astrology, Ballantine Books .

Thagard, P. R. (1978). Why astrology is a pseudoscience. PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association , 1 , 223–234.

van Rooij, J. J. F. (1994). Introversion-extraversion: Astrology versus psychology. Personal and Individual differences , 16 (6), 985–988.

Woolfolk, J. M. (2006). The only astrology book you’ll ever need . Lanham: Taylor Trade Publishing.

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge infrastructural support from the Centre for Economic Demography, Lund University. Earlier versions of this manuscript have been presented at seminars at the Stockholm University Demography Unit and at the University of Minnesota Life Course Center. Comments and suggestions from seminar participants are gratefully acknowledged. Helgertz acknowledges the Minnesota Population Center, which receives core funding from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), grant number P2C HD041023. Additionally, Helgertz acknowledges the University of Minnesota Life Course Center, funded by the National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health under award number P30AG066613. The funding bodies played no role in the carrying out of the study.

Helgertz acknowledges the Minnesota Population Center, which receives core funding from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), grant number P2C HD041023. The funding body played no role in the carrying out of the study. Open access funding provided by Lund University.

Author information

Authors and affiliations.

Centre for Economic Demography and Department of Economic History, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

Jonas Helgertz & Kirk Scott

Minnesota Population Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA

Jonas Helgertz

You can also search for this author in PubMed   Google Scholar

Contributions

JH and KS contributed equally to all parts of the design, analysis and writing of the manuscript. The authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jonas Helgertz .

Ethics declarations

Competing interests.

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher’s note.

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary information

Additional file 1: table a1.

: Variable means, analytical sample. Table A2 : Cox proportional hazards regression hazard ratios. Complete models, with all sociodemographic characteristic. Table A3 : Cox proportional hazards estimates. Hazard ratios. Sensitivity analysis adjusting for asymmetries in original sources. Table A4 : Cox proportional hazards estimates. Hazard ratios. Sensitivity analysis on sample excluding cusp birth index individuals and spouse.

Rights and permissions

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ .

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article.

Helgertz, J., Scott, K. The validity of astrological predictions on marriage and divorce: a longitudinal analysis of Swedish register data. Genus 76 , 34 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-020-00103-5

Download citation

Received : 02 May 2020

Accepted : 07 September 2020

Published : 19 October 2020

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-020-00103-5

Share this article

Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:

Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.

Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative

• Longitudinal analysis

CORRELATION

The Astrological Association Journal of Research in Astrology

Correlation was established in 1981, as the Astrological Association’s  international biannual Journal of Research into Astrology. It publishes the finest peer-reviewed astrological research. Studies address empirical evidence and methodology of the correlation between the positions and movements of celestial bodies and their relation to life and physical processes on Earth.

EDITORIAL APPROACH

“Robert Currey serves as the Editor of Correlation Journal , and the current edition 36.2 (2024) will mark his eighth publication in this role. All past editions, including the latest one, are now accessible online to subscribers.

He sets rigorous standards, ensuring that each study undergoes peer review by an independent referee outside the field, along with an expert in the relevant topic. As a result of this meticulous approach, the published studies, including evidence lists and meta-analyses, are robust enough to withstand the harsh scrutiny imposed by critics of astrology. This establishes the journal’s credibility and reliability.”

Roy Gillett, President of the Astrological Association

“Priority is given to studies that are data-driven, that contribute to the advancement of astrological knowledge and practice and those that address questions relevant to astrology.

Studies are judged on merit, regardless of the researcher’s background or affiliation. Whether the author is an astrologer, sceptic, independent researcher, arts-educated, or a professional statistician, it does not impact our assessment.

Papers must be written in a manner that can be understood by individuals who are not astrologers, academics, or statisticians, without any loss of meaning. The clarity of presentation is paramount in making astrological research more accessible to a broader audience.

Authors should demonstrate their awareness of and acknowledge existing research relevant to their study. Building upon previous work is essential for progress in the field.”

R obert Currey, BSc.(Hons), D. F.Astrol. S., Cert. A*C*G Int Editor Correlation Journal

NEW FRONTIERS IN ASTROLOGY

Exciting opportunities are opening up for astrologers seeking a deeper understanding of astrology, how it works and what it means.

Recently the interdisciplinary peer-reviewed academic journal Journal of Consciousness Studies (JCS) published an authoritative study by Canadian researcher and writer Kenneth McRitchie, entitled  Clearing the Logjam in Astrological Research . See review of the article and how to obtain a copy .

FIND OUT ALL ABOUT

• Research Grants for the Critical Study of Astrology ( www.astrology-research.net ) which is set up to support and advise researchers registered at UK universities. RGCSA has evolved out of the establishment of a centre for research in astrology at one of Britain’s leading universities, Southampton University.
•  Astrology’s increasing presence in academia. RGCSA supports and has supported research at a number of different UK universities and continues to add to these.
• Possible funding for research proposals in astrology in the arts and the sciences for successful applicants.
• Current developments in astrology relating to philosophy, social science, psychology, techniques and the continued support of ground breaking research in all areas of the arts and sciences.

Recent Authors Dr Kyösti Tarvainen, Vincent Godbout, Dr Johnson Holt, Vital Coron, Robert Currey, Graham Douglas, Arthur Mather, Roy Gillett, Dr Garry Phillipson, Prof. Suitbert Ertel, Robert Tulip, Renay Oshop, Kenneth Irving, Nicola Smuts-Allsop, Philip Graves, Paul Westran, Jan Kampherbeek, Kennet Gillman, Peter Fraiss, Dr Glenn Perry

Past Authors Michel Gauquelin, Prof. Suitbert Ertel, Dr Geoffrey Dean, Prof. Percy Seymour, Dr Nicholas Campion,  Dr Pat Harris, Dr Jan Ruis, Dr Bruce Scofield, T. Prof. Chris Bagley, Dr Patrick Curry, Patrick Davis, Rudolf Smit, Bruce Denness, Robin Heath, Theodor Landscheidt, Clare Martin, Dr Frank McGillion, Prof. Peter Roberts, plus many others who have made and continue to make valuable contributions to ensure the future of astrology.

Whatever your particular field of interest, if you want to keep up to date with new developments in serious astrology, you should subscribe to this periodical.

A Model for Planetary Dominance: Convincing Evidence from Biographical Analysis

By vincent godbout & vital coron, correlation, vol. 35(2) 2023, pp 11-29.

Abstract When analyzing birth charts, astrologers are often struck by certain planets, and they give them more importance. Many astrology authors claim traditional rules of what they call “dominance”, which is placements within a natal chart where the astrological influences of the planets are strongest. Planetary dominance would be the first factor in power, the one that takes precedence and has the most influence helping us considerably increase the accuracy of astrological interpretation.

There are several methods to determine planetary dominance. But none of them has been tested on a large scale and validated. Our goal was to identify the combination of astrological factors allowing us to arrive at the biographical dominance only from the information contained in the astrological chart. 

Therefore, we have designed a protocol to establish dominant planets from biographies by using automated matches between whole charts and biographies, a method that has already demonstrated success (Godbout, 2020). 

To do this, we had each of the ten planets play the dominant role in turn; then, by examining each of the ten portraits thus obtained in Mastro software, we identified the optimal dominance by choosing the portrait that best matched the biography. These biographical dominant planets became targets that were checked for a match with planetary dominance calculated according to rules determined solely from the astrological chart. 

For 189 subjects, if we compare the dominant planets according to our model of Adjusted Planetary Dominance with the dominant planets according to biographies, the success rate obtained could only be achieved by pure chance two out of one million (p < 2.08E-06). 

Refuting False Self-Attribution through Empirical Analysis of the Astrological Elements in Personality Assessments

By robert currey, correlation, vol. 35(2) 2023, pp 53-61.

Abstract After conducting extensive research between 1981 and 1986, Dr Geoffrey Dean concluded that no evidence was found that astrological factors correlated with psychological profiles. However, in 2017, using Dean’s original dataset of 288 subjects with extreme scores on the Eysenck Personality Index (EPI), I found a significant correlation between Eysenck’s personality types (extraversion, introversion, neuroticism, and emotional stability) and the astrological elements (Currey, 2017). Subsequently, in 2022 Dean and his co-authors criticised my methods and conclusion. They claim that the significant findings could be explained by the subjects’ false self-attribution, whereby individuals adapt their personality or manipulate their responses to personality tests to align with the traits associated with their Sun Signs. The authors persist in this claim, despite the absence of evidence indicating any knowledge or interest in astrology among the subjects. Furthermore, in his original paper, Dean asserts the impossibility of false responses given the inclusion of a lie detector response within Eysenck’s test. This current paper aims to eliminate all reasonable doubt by demonstrating that the positions of the Moon and the Ascendant (acknowledged by Dean as not susceptible to false self-attribution) independently hold strong significance (p = .006; r = .13) according to a binomial sign test. When combined with the Sun sign (the third but more controversial theoretical factor), the probability becomes p < .0001; r =.15. The likelihood of such a result occurring by chance is less than one in ten thousand.

Editor:  Robert Currey Contact: Astrological Association BMC 450, London WC1N 3XX [email protected]

Submission Guidelines

For detailed guidelines regarding articles and research findings to be considered for publication in Correlation, email the Editor, Robert Currey at  [email protected]

Correlation Journal

© All content copyright 2024 [email protected] www.astrologicalassociation.com

Breadcrumbs Section. Click here to navigate to respective pages.

The attraction of horoscopes: A consensual qualitative research on astrological personality description

DOI link for The attraction of horoscopes: A consensual qualitative research on astrological personality description

Click here to navigate to parent product.

Astrological personality description is a main attraction of astrology and while sharing several common purposes with psychological personality profiling, it gained greater popularity among youth and laypersons. We conducted a consensual qualitative research on the astrological personality descriptions to explore whether there is a special style of personality description that may have contributed to its continued popularity. We collected texts from seven influential Chinese astrology websites or astrology sections from internet portals. Our analysis formulated a framework of statement style of astrological personality descriptions including seven domains with seventeen categories. Several domains unique to horoscope could be the difference between Astrological personality description and personality psychology. The internal structure, domain implication and their relationship with horoscope attraction are discussed.

• Privacy Policy
• Terms & Conditions
• Cookie Policy
• Taylor & Francis Online
• Taylor & Francis Group
• Students/Researchers
• Librarians/Institutions

Connect with us

Registered in England & Wales No. 3099067 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG © 2024 Informa UK Limited

Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.

To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to  upgrade your browser .

Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.

• We're Hiring!
• Help Center

Psychology of Astrology (The relationship between zodiac signs and the personality of an individual

Related Papers

Koen Van de moortel

Nicole Pacera

This study investigated the effect of priming on puzzle performance in 49 students. Subjects were given fictitious Chinese Zodiac personality descriptions and asked to complete a Sudoku puzzle. Descriptions were manipulated based on nature (positive or negative) and perceived validity (valid or not valid) of description. Subjects read fictitious research statistics that either supported or refuted the validity Chinese Zodiac Animal Signs in order to manipulate perceived validity. It was hypothesized that participants who received the positive/valid horoscope and negative/invalid horoscope predictions would perform best. Findings supported previous literature that priming subjects to think a certain way can affect behavior (Gramzow, Johnson, & Willard, 2014). Subjects primed to think positively about themselves performed better than those primed to think negatively about themselves. Additionally, perceived validity of horoscope predictions had no effect on performance. This study als...

Andrew Fraknoi

Describes how the planets "grasp" the individual and how to tell them to get lost.

Prospero Volentieri

First published by Klaudio Zic Publications, 2008, www.lulu.com/astrology. Copyright © 2008 by Klaudio Zic. All Rights Reserved. No part of this abstract may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or otherwise, for commercial purposes or otherwise, without the written permission of the author, except when permitted by law. ZODIACAL INFORMATION KLAUDIO ZIC Academy for RTRRT and Scientific Astrology ABSTRACT The Academy of Scientific Astrology is based on astronomic principles confirming to the IAU convention. The calculations are performed on the HORIZONS integrator by Jon Giorgini of NASA JPL, Pasadena CA. Subject headings: solar system – Academic Zodiac, astronomy – precession, religion – planetary exorcism Online material: www.lulu.com/astrology http://youtube.com/astrology2012 http://youtube.com/RTRRTV Amo 5:8 seek him that made the Pleiades and Orion, and turneth the shadow of death into the morning, and maketh the day dark with night; that calleth for the waters of the sea, and poureth them out upon the face of the earth: Jehovah is his name. 1. MOTIVATION In the age of Cetus, our scientists uncover our distant past through walking snakes and whales1. A fossil is information. Information often requires further interpretation, sometimes even when simple and direct. We assume that the position of the sun is an information of interest to many. It will be immediately apparent that information is classified according to authority, namely NASA JPL. When an authority issues information, there is no doubt as to its efficaciousness as well as correctness. In extension, information, when properly applied, fertilizes the original human mind. On the other hand, misinformation binds the mind in the dungeons of darkness and superstition. Only a short ephemeris strip will provide more information than all superstition through ages, as well as stir exorcism in a crooked mind beset by dark superstition. The superstitious 2. PROBLEM Information travels like seed. If it falls on fertile ground, it will bloom, while if it slips towards barren minds, it will hardly produce any effect. In order to make gold, one must have at least a little gold oneself. In acquiring information, one must possess at least one happy thought an infinitesimal parcel of one’s original mind. A true mind is hard to find, as most human minds lie suffocated under the burden of false ego. The hermit seeks human beings with the help of a lamp. Ecce homo. False ego is an install, quite incapable of any magickal feat. The default ego victimizes humankind. Without that ego, humankind would not suffer death at all. This precise ego is marked for deletion according to the bible and the reality-rendering project. 3. APPROACH In order to exemplify information as function of planetary exorcism, we presented the astrological community with an authoritative set of ephemeris, the NASA JPL HORIZONS ephemeris. These are readily available as national patrimony and racial legacy. As there can be no doubt as to the precision and accuracy of such an ephemeris, we used them in defining the zodiac. The result was the Academic Zodiac, an accurate as well as operative environment for qualified astronomical as well as astrological praxis. 4. RESULTS The results of our research are enlisted as follow. The easiest way in one’s own progress is the acceptance of authority. As one’s often cherished mind is not one’s own at all, authority is called in dispelling doubts. You decide when to walk or when to sit, but you do not decide when to think. Moreover, no one can stop thinking2. If default mind would be our own, we would be able to switch it off and on at will. In order to absorb information, one relaxes into non-thinking. A second of non-thinking is worth an eternity. It is eternity! Time and space are just concepts like any, as unzipped by the true mind distiller3. Inspection shows that there are 22 zodiacal constellations. When scanned and packed together, they form the Academic Zodiac. Precession has 16 rising constellations at east at the present epoch. Some of the zodiacal constellations are occasionally overlapping with the zodiacal constellations. Several zodiacal constellations do not rise at east at the present epoch, namely Aries, Gemini, Cancer, Libra, Scorpius, Sagittarius and Capricornus do not rise at east, and thus can not be labeled as ascendants. Information is often packed within little capsules like this NASA ephemeris strip4 for the winter sun. The sun is still in Libra on November 23rd. 2008-Nov-23 00:00 Lib 2008-Nov-24 00:00 Sco 2008-Nov-25 00:00 Sco 2008-Nov-26 00:00 Sco 2008-Nov-27 00:00 Sco 2008-Nov-28 00:00 Sco 2008-Nov-29 00:00 Sco 2008-Nov-30 00:00 Oph 2008… 2008-Dec-17 00:00 Oph 2008-Dec-18 00:00 Sgr A further zodiacal information is provided within a graphical example. It happens that the example is a typical horoscope printout for modern times. This setup includes all the major dwarf planets, including the recent discoveries. Note that such a printout was never available anywhere else. Eris sitting precisely on the NYC western horizon, or moon in Orion for the WTC are simply not part of any pseudo-astrological experience. The horoscope of course shows 16 rising constellations5 as nested within the Cartesian house system. Thus, if the moon is rising in Cetus at east in your horoscope, Cetus is marked as ascendant and lord of the first house. On the other hand, if Venus in Hydra is rising at east, the longest zodiacal constellation will be visible at the ascendant in your horoscope. In the graphical example, we observe recently discovered dwarf planets as neatly nested within the Cartesian house system. The wheel chart is for Pas de Calais 15886. Eris is conjunct Masonic 2002 MS4 in the first house. While the lord of war, Mars is conjunct with 2006 QH181 precisely NE. The example serves as unique map for the modern astrologer, in that it announces an expansion of our integrating capabilities. NASA is introducing a new integration model which would be able to calculate the accurate position for e.g. dwarf planets like 2007 OR10, even towards remote epochs. As concern information, the map clearly stands as standard. Technically, we deal with an astronomical-astrological chart wheel as based on the Cartesian chart system. As all the new discoveries are automatically loaded, we gain a better perspective of the event. It is most exciting to discover our past as armed with the new discoveries, from giant comets to KELU-1 or the dwarf planets. The map shows 2007 OR10 in the 10th Cartesian house, as aligned with the prominent Moon Uranus conjunction. Dr John Dee would give everything to have this map on his desk. How do we use this map? If we associate 2007 OR10 with war waged and lost, we immediately have a warning for the current president of the USA, who has 2007 OR10 prominent in his own natal chart. Namely, the direction of 2007 OR10 in the map can be associated with the movement of the betrayed Armada fleet. Astrological maps clearly show the movement of troops. In our case, we would expect an attack from NE. When properly projected, minute detail clearly shows in its strategic proportions. Thus, 2007 OR10 will mark a specific vessel coming from the London direction. We can even determine the name and speed of the vessel itself, as based on a recent discovery within the dwarf planet realm. This is more data than Dr John Dee ever had or needed. 5. DISCUSSION The superstitious mind is a separate apparatus that is installed atop of the original, in order to suffocate it. The install pertains to the transcendental sphere, albeit intuition penetrates the mystery of the original sin. Children intuitively know not only that something is wrong, but also who and what is wrong, but are discouraged to claim their original mind, precisely by their already enslaved parents. Nevertheless, scientific is encouraged in an illuminated environment, from which true mind springs free as associated with objective science.

FLOWKYO 999

Jung on Astrology brings together C. G. Jung's thoughts on astrology in a single volume for the first time, significantly adding to our understanding of his work. Jung's Collected Works , seminars, and letters contain numerous discussions of this ancient divinatory system, and Jung himself used astrological horoscopes as a diagnostic tool in his analytic practice. Understood in terms of his own psychology as a symbolic representation of the archetypes of the collective unconscious, Jung found in astrology a wealth of spiritual and psychological meaning and suggested it represents the "sum of all the psychological knowledge of antiquity." The selections and editorial introductions by Safron Rossi and Keiron Le Grice address topics that were of critical importance to Jung-such as the archetypal symbolism in astrology, the precession of the equinoxes and astrological ages, astrology as a form of synchronicity and acausal correspondence, the qualitative nature of time, and the experience of astrological fate-allowing readers to assess astrology's place within the larger corpus of Jung's work and its value as a source of symbolic meaning for our time. The book will be of great interest to analytical psychologists, Jungian psychotherapists, and academics and students of depth psychology and Jungian and post-Jungian studies, as well as to astrologers and therapists of other orientations, especially transpersonal.

Raymond Neo

Indo Nordic author's collective

Dr. Uday Dokras

Are you interested in Vedic Astrology. Here is the A to Z of it all. How stars guide our destinies.

Madam Kighal

Loading Preview

Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.

RELATED PAPERS

Prasan Nanda

Astrolog Nevenka Blažik

Indo nordic author's collective

Gerhard Mayer

Moshe Mitrovich

Abu AlBloushi

Cedex Ferailer

Journal of Marketing Management,

Michael R Hyman , Anna Turri

Helena Avelar de Carvalho

QUEST JOURNALS

A Companion to Renaissance Astrology, ed. Brendan Dooley

William Eamon

Pankaj Kulkarni

Dillon DiNova

Kyoto Ferrer

Bernadette Brady

Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics

Jeremy Sierra , Michael R Hyman

Peter Csallo

RELATED TOPICS

•   We're Hiring!
•   Help Center
• Find new research papers in:
• Health Sciences
• Earth Sciences
• Cognitive Science
• Mathematics
• Computer Science
• Academia ©2024

40 Astrology Topics: What Do You Need to Study About Astrology?

Believe it or not, Astrology has always been thought of as something that directly affects human lives. Moreover, as something so mainstream, it’s important that young and old understand the implications behind it and how the whole phenomenon even works. Knowing about something and having faith in it are two different things, and being a college student, it becomes necessary to open your mind to the former.

When students expand their insights and broaden their minds to different information and knowledge, it helps them make better references and stronger reason for existence. For this reason and many others, such as the book report writing service , a subject such as astrology is necessary to attend during college life.

Table of Contents

40 Astrology Topics for Good Research

In the meantime, come up with a good topic on Astrology for your own research. Look at what you can research in Astrology:

• Astrology as a Historical and Cultural Phenomenon: What Is It?
• Primitive People and Their Beliefs Related to Astrology
• The Role of Ancient Peoples in Astrology: What Was Achieved?
• How Truthful and Useful the Strange Ancient Practice of Astrology Were?
• The Basic Principles Laid Down by Ptolemy Nearly 2000 Years Ago
• The Influence of Astrology on the Fortunes of Kings and Nations
• The Main Stages of the History in Astrology: What Is the Most Significant Period of Time and Why?
• The Features of the Development of Astrology from Ancient Times to the Present Day
• Why Did Several Prominent Philosophers (Giulio Libri and Cesare Cremonini) Refuse to Even Look Through the Telescope?
• The Modern Stage of Astrology: The Crisis of Newtonian Physics
• Classification of Astrological Knowledge Through the Ages
• The Object, Subject and Epistemological Functions of Astrology
• Astrology from the Standpoint of Religious and Philosophical Systems
• Astrology and Religion: What Is the Connection Between Fields?
• Astrology and Religious Practices: What Combines?
• The Emergence of Developed Astrological Systems
• The Crisis of “Scientific Astrology” and the Triumph of Newton’s Physics
• The Development of Astrology Omens and Calendar Astrology
• The Modern Definition of “Astrology”: 3 Aspects of the Concept
• Is There Something Really Meaningful Behind Astrology?
• How Far Can Astrology’s Musings Go Based on Examples?
• Can Astrology Determine the Most Maddening Habits of Every Zodiac Sign?
• World Famous Leaders and Their Zodiac Signs
• What Will Happen If Hitler Had Another Star Sign?
• If Astrologers Knew Who Hitler Would Become: Why Didn’t They Stop Him?
• Mental Abilities of Each Sign of the Zodiac
• Has It Been Determined Already if Astrology Is a Science or Not?
• The Problem of the Relationship Between Scientific and Extra-Scientific Knowledge
• The Interaction of Astrology with Various Scientific Disciplines: What Are They?
• Are Astronomy and Astrology Two Different Notions?
• How Can Astrology Possible Make a Difference in Our Lives?
• Moon Can Make People Cry, Murder or Act Funny: What Is the Logic Behind It?
• The Human Psyche Through the Eyes of an Astrologer
• Mind and Space: Holotropic States of Consciousness, Archetypical Psychology, and Transit Astrology
• Top 5 Natal Chart Trends Used in 2019
• Why Do Horoscopes of the Same Zodiac Sign in Different Newspapers Differ So Much?
• The Rationalization of Esoteric Thinking on the Material of Astrology
• The Idea of Similarity in Astrology and Its Rational Equivalents
• The Similarity as the Basis of the Astrological View of the World
• Astrology as the Ultimate Ontological Framework

To be honest, there are so many hidden depths in Astrology that it can be really interesting to study many questions from different perspectives. Maybe, conducting research on these topics will make you think about this field in a different way and convince you that astrology really is something impressive. Look at what can help you make the research process smooth and pleasant.

The List of Information Sources on Astrology to Write a Good Paper

Despite the fact that a number of scientists do not recognize Astrology as a science arguing that it does not have an irrefutable evidence base, other researchers see the potential for discoveries in this field that can change the concept of life, the universe, the cosmos, and human. To empower your journey into this intriguing area, write my speech on the insights from these books and scientific journals, which you can use as a basis for your work and new discoveries in Astrology. Below, we have collected the most interesting and relevant studies on astrology, providing a solid foundation for further exploration and discourse.

Top 10 Books to Start a Journey in Astrology

If you just have started studying Astrology, it makes sense to start with books explaining basic concepts and then proceed to scientific researches. As a rule, books are written for a wide range of readers because this is a great way to take an introductory course, understand the basic vocabulary and terms, and make a list of questions for further study. Here are the books we recommend starting with.

• The Manual of Astrology , 2010
• A History of Western Astrology , 1987
• A Guide To The Signs , 1992
• Fundamentals of Astrology , 1988
• Astrology For You , 2005
• Astrology: Art and Science , 2013
• Astrology: Sense or Nonsense? , 1974
• Yogas in Astrology , 2003
• Vedic Nadi Astrology And Career , 2005
• Secrets Of Astrology , 2013

So, if you are well-versed in the basic concepts, let’s proceed to scientific researches the list of which we have collected below.

7 Scientific Articles on Astrology to Study and Analyze

International Journal of Jyotish Research offers various articles to study on Astrology, including:

• Astrological Theory of Siddhars in the Context of Human Diseases Development, 2019
• A Look at the Sun from an Astrological Point of View, 2019
• Vedic Astrology: The Question of Predetermining Gender of the Unborn Person with Data Mining Methods, 2018
• Influence of Planets on Export Trade: Astrology at the Interface with the Economy, 2018
• Vaasthu Sasthiram Techniques, 2018
• An Empirical Study of the Question If Our Birth and Sex Are Determined in Advance, 2018
• Evidence of the Importance and Relevance of Vedic Astrology, 2018

Some More Sources of Information You May Use As Well

• An Attempt to Prove That Astrology Is Still Valid as a Science, 1990
• Criticism of Modern Concepts of Astrology,1997
• Astrology from a Mathematical Point of View – What Is the Meaning of House Division?, 2000
• New Attempts and Research Methods Used by Modern Astrologers, 2003
• Astronomy and Astrology, 2011

Feel free to use the topic and materials provided in this article for your scientific immersion in the secrets of Astrology. The academic world is waiting for your new discoveries and theories on Astrology! Impress everyone with your well-written research paper , which you order from our specialists.

Too busy to write your paper by yourself?

An official website of the United States government

The .gov means it’s official. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

The site is secure. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

• Publications
• Account settings
• My Bibliography
• Collections
• Citation manager

Save citation to file

Email citation, add to collections.

• Create a new collection
• Add to an existing collection

Add to My Bibliography

Your saved search, create a file for external citation management software, your rss feed.

• Search in PubMed
• Search in NLM Catalog
• Add to Search

[Signs of the zodiac and personality]

• PMID: 969917
• DOI: 10.1007/BF01994375

3074 young men resident in the canton of Zurich, representing 50% of the 19 year old male population, form the fully representative sample of our large scale investigation. We investigated whether personality traits measured by means of the differentiated "Freiburger personality inventory" (FPI) could in any way be correlated to the signs of the zodiac under which the young men were born. The statistical analysis did not reveal any correlation between signs of the zodiac and personality. The claim made by astrologers that people can be characterized according to their sign of the zodiac (sagitarius, taurus, cancer, scorpion) must be refuted. Of course the astrologically founded description of human personality does not base itself on the position of the sun only, however the latter does form a very essential part of the astrological evaluation of people. This, at any rate has been shown to be without any scientific basis. The fact that astrological evaluation of human personality is so popular nowadays can be explained by the fact that even modern people are inclined towards magical thinking.

PubMed Disclaimer

Similar articles

• Birthdate psychology: a new look at some old data. Pellegrini RJ. Pellegrini RJ. J Psychol. 1975 Mar;89(2d Half):261-5. doi: 10.1080/00223980.1975.9915760. J Psychol. 1975. PMID: 1151897
• Does Western or Chinese Zodiac Sign Predict COVID Infections and Death? Frugoli A, Parekh S, Diaz G. Frugoli A, et al. Cureus. 2024 Mar 14;16(3):e56165. doi: 10.7759/cureus.56165. eCollection 2024 Mar. Cureus. 2024. PMID: 38618437 Free PMC article.
• Astrological signs and personality in Kuwaitis and Americans. Abdel-Khalek A, Lester D. Abdel-Khalek A, et al. Psychol Rep. 2006 Apr;98(2):602-7. doi: 10.2466/pr0.98.2.602-607. Psychol Rep. 2006. PMID: 16796119
• Fixating on the future: An overview of increased astrology use. Das A, Sharma MK, Kashyap H, Gupta S. Das A, et al. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2022 Aug;68(5):925-932. doi: 10.1177/00207640221094155. Epub 2022 May 5. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2022. PMID: 35510634 Review.
• Contribution of astrology in medicine -- a review. Sharma BK, Prasad PV, Narayana A. Sharma BK, et al. Bull Indian Inst Hist Med Hyderabad. 2007 Jan-Jun;37(1):45-62. Bull Indian Inst Hist Med Hyderabad. 2007. PMID: 19569452 Review.
• J Psychol. 1974 May;87(1st Half):89-95 - PubMed
• J Psychol. 1973 Sep;85(1st Half):21-8 - PubMed

Publication types

• Search in MeSH

Related information

• Citation Manager

NCBI Literature Resources

MeSH PMC Bookshelf Disclaimer

The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited.

• Share full article

Advertisement

Supported by

Times Insider

Like a Virgo: How The Times Covers Astrology

The paper’s analysis of the zodiac is practical and deliberate.

By Amanda Svachula

Times Insider explains who we are and what we do, and delivers behind-the-scenes insights into how our journalism comes together.

If newspapers had astrological signs, The New York Times, which was first published, or born, on Sept. 18, 1851, would be a Virgo. The sign is known for clear communication, a command of language and is sometimes even described in astrology texts as a staid librarian.

Astrology dates to ancient Babylonian times, at least, and was long seen as just another way to make sense of the world. During the 17th century, the scientific principles of astrology were deemed untenable, but the appeal of the zodiac endured.

Therapists now say they’ve started brushing up on astrology to better communicate with their patients, who reference the subject as a way to understand their lives, The Times recently reported. An earlier article found that venture capitalists have been investing in zodiac-focused start-ups because “astrology is having a cultural moment.” Another profiled Susan Miller , a prolific astrologer who has built an empire through her monthly horoscopes, while a different article dove into the logistics of a tough astrological certification exam. And The Times has also reported , coincidentally, that Virgos are one of the most talked-about signs on the internet.

Today, astrology is at once a big business, a topic that unifies people online, a daily diversion and a balm for the anxieties of everyday life.

“We cover it because people have made it newsworthy,” said Choire Sicha, the editor of The Times’s Styles section, which reports on cultural trends and has published many of the recent articles on astrology. “It is a so frequently used part of people’s Instagram lives and online lives.”

We are having trouble retrieving the article content.

Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.

Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and  log into  your Times account, or  subscribe  for all of The Times.

Thank you for your patience while we verify access.

Already a subscriber?  Log in .

Want all of The Times?  Subscribe .

50 Astrology Essay Topics

It is assumed that people started observing the sky in the Lower Paleolithic period – then, they identified the seasons of the year.In the 23rd – 22nd centuries BC, Arab astronomers studied several lunar eclipses. All those three phenomena overlapped with the change of three successive rulers of ancient Sumeria.

Thus, it was believed that the eclipses predicted the change of power. In those days, astrology was a mystical teaching, but it was then that the basis of scientific knowledge was created. It was astrology that accompanied the birth of all great civilizations. In ancient times, the exploration of the starry sky was carried out by priests. Their wisdom was considered secret and passed on from generation to generation, but the circle of the trusted people was kept small.

Later, astrology was studied by the outstanding scientists of Babylon and Assyria, Ancient Greece and Egypt, India and China. This way, Pythagoras, Plato, Cicero, Seneca, Aristotle, Claudius Ptolemy, Hippocrates, Avicenna and many others learned its secrets.  

CAN’T FIND A DIFFERENCE Between A Moon Sign And A Sun Sign?

No worries, leave it to our experts! Hire a writer and receive the finished paper before the deadline.

Astrology supports the idea that the whole world is a unified system and its parts are closely connected. Thus, natural cycles affect the rhythms of planetary movement. Studying these cycles, it is possible to predict what will happen at a particular time and how the course of events will look like.

Also, another sphere worth studying is the astrology of personality. It states that each person has chances to define their own path, and its options can be described in the birth chart (horoscope).

Any event can be interrupted by free will. Thanks to astrology, we can get necessary information and warnings that help us avoid something or, on the contrary, realize the plans and intentions.

No doubt, all this makes astrology particularly interesting for college students who have open minds and are willing to broaden their horizons further.

50 Astrology Essay Topics Suggestions To Choose From

How is astrology research different from other school subjects? As it was mentioned earlier, astrology is related to various fields. So you will definitely have the opportunity to apply your knowledge to write outstanding astrology essay topics.

It is also important that many topics are poorly studied or completely unexplored, which allows you to become a pioneer in this matter. You might be inspired by one of the following:

• The Essence of Astrology as a Cultural and Historical Phenomenon
• How Do Ancient People's Beliefs Relate to Astrology?
• Successes of Ancient People in Studying Astrology
• Ancient Astrological Practices: Do They Have a Right to Exist?
• What Principles Were Laid by Ptolemy 2000 Years Ago?
• How Did the Fates of Nations and Kings Change Because of Astrology?
• Major Stages in the Development of Astrology and What Makes Them So
• Characteristics of the Development of Astrology from Ancient Period to Our Time
• Why Did Philosophers Refuse to Observe the Starry Sky?
• Hard Times for Newtonian Physics, or Modern Stage of Astrology
• Astrological Knowledge Base: Perspective of Different Ages
• Astrology: Its Subject, Object and Functions
• A Look at Astrology from the Perspective of Philosophy and Religion
• The Connection between Astrology and Religion
• What Unites Astrology and Religious Practices
• Developed Astrological Systems: The Reasons for Their Origin
• The Rise of Newtonian Physics and the Decline of Scientific Astrology
• Calendar Astrology and Astrology Omens: Their Evolution and Prospects
• What is Modern Astrology Characterized by?
• What Are the Key Aspects Behind Astrology?
• What Can Astrology’s Musings Offer, Based on Examples?
• Can Astrology Describe the Negative Character Traits of the Zodiac Signs?
• Zodiac Signs of World Rulers and Leaders
• Would History Change If Hitler Had Another Zodiac Sign?
• Why Didn't Astrologers Stop Hitler Knowing His Zodiac Sign?
• Talents and Traits of Various Signs
• Is Astrology a Science? Pros and Cons
• Scientific and Extra-Scientific Knowledge: What Do They Have in Common?
• The Connection Between Astrology and Other Sciences
• Astronomy and Astrology: Are They Different Disciplines?
• Can Astrology Change Our Life?
• How Does the Moon Affect Our Habits and Lifestyle?
• A Look at the Psyche from an Astrological Perspective
• Archetypical Psychology: Its Basics and Functions
• Natal Chart Trends Used in 2021
• Horoscopes in Magazines: Is There Any Truth In Them?
• Can Esoteric Be Called Rational: An Astrological Perspective
• Rationalism in Psychology: Its Foundations
• Similarity As A Basic Principle Of Astrology
• Can Ontology Be Learned With The Help of Astrology?
• The Role of Free Will in Hindu Astrology
• Contribution of Nostradamus to the Development of Astrology
• Zodiac Symbolism and Its Role In Modern Astrology
• Astrology in the 21st century: Characteristics and Perspectives
• Influence of Astrology on Contemporary Art
• Should Astrology Affect Our Way of Thinking?
• Predictions by Medieval Astrologers: Did They Come True?
• The Four Elements and Their Key Characteristics from an Astrological Perspective
• Why Is Astrology So Popular These Days?
• Studying Astrology: Where To Start?

Of course, the field is so in-depth that the list of astrology essay topics can be endless. As you explore it, you may discover things you have never heard of before. Or vice versa, you can ensure that your earlier understanding was right. In any case, deep research always leads to interesting results.

Facing a tight deadline and unsure where to start with your essay? Consider reaching out to a " write my essay " service for professional, personalized assistance that can help you meet your academic goals without the last-minute panic. This could be a game-changer for students aiming for excellence but stretched thin on time.

If Nostradamus Were Still Here, He'd Definitely USE THE HELP OF OUR WRITERS

Place an order and get your astrology paper done by experienced helpers.

Resources to Help you Write A Brilliant Work

Despite the fact that many researchers consider astrology a pseudoscience, many see its excellent potential for understanding the Universe, our destinies and human nature And that is why there is a wide range of sections which differ in tasks. Perhaps some of them will inspire you to complete your astrology topics:

Natal astrology predicts the main trends in the person’s destiny, their character traits, talents, predispositions, etc.;

Synastry astrology deals with how the relationships develop;

Medical astrology studies health issues;

Electional astrology suggests the best moment to do something;

Mundane astrology predicts how states and nations will evolve;

Vedic astrology is associated with Ayurveda, yoga and other esoteric studies;

Astropsychology is a combination of astrology and psychology, based on the theories of Carl Jung;

Karmic astrology reveals the causes of certain problems (debts, diseases), and also determines the purpose of people’s lives, their mission.

Once you select the theme, you need to find books that describe the foundations of astrology and then move on to scientific research. Here’s a list of such resources we’ve prepared for you:

• The Only Way to Learn Astrology, by Marion D. March and Joan McEvers, 2018
• The Eagle and the Lark, by Bernadette Brady, 1998
• The Inner Sky, by Steven Forrest, 2012
• The Essential Guide to Practical Astrology, by April Elliott Kent, 2016
• Planets in Transit, by Robert Hand, 1980
• Aspects in Astrology: A Guide to Understanding Planetary Relationships in the Horoscope, by Sue Tompkins, 2002
• The Twelve Houses, by Howard Sasportas, 2009
• Astrology: Sense Or Nonsense?, by Roy A. Gallant, 1974
• Fundamentals of Astrology, by M. Ramakrishna Bhat, 1988
• Astrology: Art and Science, by Sandy Anastasi, 2013

Struggling to capture your thoughts on paper? Our service to do my assignment can transform your ideas into a compelling and academically rigorous essay, tailored to your specific requirements. Let us help you achieve academic success with ease and confidence.

Scientific Articles That May Be Handy

Astrology topics are closely related to various sciences and religions, ancient spiritual practices and modern techniques of self-improvement. Why does interest in astrology grow over time?

The answer is simple – it’s the eternal desire of a person to know their future and ways of shaping it.

Thanks to astrology, it is possible to realize how various spheres of life are connected and get a broader perspective on many things. It also gives a chance to observe the cosmic order in our chaotic life. Knowing what the future has in store, many people feel more self-confident and calmer.

So, what do scientists think about this? We have compiled a list of articles worthy of your attention:

• Astrology and Modern Science: A Critical Analysis, by Lawrence E. Jerome, 1973
• The Scientific Evidence of Astrology, by Abhinav Kashyap, 2019
• How Astrology Paved the Way for Predictive Analytics, by Philip Ball, 2020
• What Makes Some People Think Astrology is Scientific?, by Nick Allum
• Significance of Astrology In Our Lives, by Rumani Saikia Phukan, 2015

Extra Books For You to Read

From ancient times, astrology was considered as a means for determining the fate of a person by the position and movement of the stars. The famous astronomer Ptolemy wrote the foundational textbook, covering many astrology topics.

Interestingly, the scientist believed that the location of the stars does not determine destiny entirely, as the main choice still depends on the person. And what do you think? In case you are still wondering, if it’s true, here are some materials to get acquainted with:

• Seeing Stars: Harness the Power of the Zodiac, by Stella Andromeda, 2019
• Astrology for the Soul, by Jan Spiller, 1997
• Vedic Astrology for Beginners, by Pamela McDonough, 2020
• Hellenistic Astrology: The Study of Fate and Fortune, by Chris Brennan, 2017
• Astrology, Karma and Transformation, by Stephen Arroyo, 1992.

To Wrap It Up

The universe is a system where everything has its laws. According to astrology, those who know the rules can choose what’s better for their present and future. In our modern world where everything changes so fast, people are in a constant hurry. Many find themselves in difficult and even desperate situations. That is why astrology becomes a helpful tool.

We hope that the materials and astrology essay topics mentioned in the article will be useful for your research – be free to use them. And let the world be amazed by your discoveries!

Featured Posts

Best essay topic examples on abraham maslow’s hierarchy of needs.

Philippine E-Journals

Home ⇛ ani: letran calamba research report ⇛ vol. 2 no. 1 (2015), relationship of zodiac sign attributes and personality factor of selected 3rd and 4th year bs psychology students.

Zensam C. Flores | Ella Shane S. Lopez | Rose Anne L. Panganiban

Discipline: Psychology

The study determined if there was a relationship between zodiac sign attributes and personality factor of the 3rd and 4th year BS Psychology students AY 2013-3014 in Colegio de San Juan de Letran Calamba. Using a mix of qualitative and quantitative (correlation) research design, the researchers conducted a survey to determine the Zodiac Sign, name and year level of randomly selected 24 third and fourth year BS Psychology student participants; used a standardized test, specifically 16PF, to know the personality of the participants; and used an interview guide to clarify the data gathered or the Archival study about zodiac sign attributes.

Share Article:

ISSN 1908-3866 (Print)

• Cite this paper
• ">Indexing metadata
• Print version

Copyright © 2024  KITE Digital Educational Solutions |   Exclusively distributed by CE-Logic Terms and Conditions -->

Zodiac Signs Research Essay

1st period Zodiac signs have been around for a period of time now. The orders of the signs are Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius, and Pisces. These signs are divided into four sections, which are Earth, water, and fire. A lot of people still wonder whether or not what they say about the zodiac signs are true or not, such as horoscopes and compatibility charts. The main concern is the affect your zodiac sign have on your personality and compatibility.

Water signs are proven to be very emotional people.

Water signs consist of Pisces, Scorpio, and Cancer. Relationships don’t come easy to these people. They’re very sensitive with there feelings all around. With that being said, it’s easy for them to pick up a vibe from others. These people have really strong intuition. The feelings of other people really interest them. Males of this sign are said to be the most sensitive males on the planet.

People like this tend to feel sympathy for others, which means anything that has to do with helping someone, or giving someone attention, would be the perfect Job or task for them.

Zodiac Sign Research

However, although the three signs are water signs, they do have their differences. A Pisces are a very changeable person, which means one thing never satisfies them for too long. Attention span for them runs very short. It’s hard to get them to stick to something, and stay with it. They thrive off of change.

Proficient in: Astronomy

“ Really polite, and a great writer! Task done as described and better, responded to all my questions promptly too! ”

Now, what interest most people if anything else doesn’t, is compatibility. The water signs are most compatible with earth signs. These signs would be Virgo, Taurus, and Capricorn. These are the signs that water signs are most likely to get along with, and can benefit from one another.

The earth signs are sure to keep you on your feet. Moving along, Earth signs, which in my personal opinion, I think are the most interesting people, in fact are! These are the most intelligent, stable, open-minded, practical, and reasonable people on earth. Unlike Water signs, earth signs don’t really like change too much. They like too experience routines for a long period of time. The earth signs as said earlier include, Virgo, Taurus, and Capricorn. These people are really sensual, and base all their thoughts off reality.

This somewhat explains why these people tend to be sarcastic. These people like to plan, and make goals for themselves. By conversing with these people they can usually tell you their whole true life. Some of the most successful people in the world, such as BeyondГ©’, Michael Jackson, and Paul Walker, are Virgo which is an earth sign. Surprisingly, these three earth signs have many differences. A Virgo falls into the sub- category of mutable, which means they can connect with everybody, and they can easily be in charge without creating conflicts.

This is because they have many different outlooks, and can easily see things from a different perspective. It is very easy for these people to bring things or people together. If there’s ever a problem Virgo are the ones to call. They have such an adaptable and diverse personality. Something out of nothing. The word that is said to describe theses people is preserving. Taurus can come off as basic compared to other signs. Their main concern is achievement. Capricorn on the other hand, are the ones that like to be the center of attention.

They love to run things, as long as their doing that then they’re happy. Capricorn are very outgoing people. They are considered far from shy. Of course, earlier it was said that the earth sign is most compatible with the water sign. After all they do say water feels at peace in earth (Bloodspot). You should also know that although someone is the same sign, males and females have different traits. This is common sense. Now, with all of that being said, moving on to air signs. This includes Gemini, Libra, and Aquarius. These people love to talk”, (Nuance Belches). This clearly means that communication is one of their best traits. Air signs are very social. Your most likely to catch these people at parties, speaking at conferences, and hosting big public events. These people have some of the most vivid imaginations. This makes them very creative, and has a very artistic sensibility. Therefore, they make great designers. The difference between these signs is that the interesting Gemini has two sides. This means that it has the traits of another sign, as well as its own.

However, like a Virgo, this sign also falls under the sub-category of being mutable. In this case they can also almost get along with any other sign. A Libra is also known to play the leader role. Labia’s are also well known for not wanting to be alone. One of their main focuses is actually how well they interact with others. Unlike Libra being so into people, Aquarius people focus way more on the world, and really like to express new des by their daily activities. These air signs are compatible with last but not least fire signs.

According to the astrology world “air feeds fire”, (Bloodspot). The fire signs are Leo, Aries, and Sagittarius. These signs are well known for being independent. Because they’re so focused on them, these people usually become very successful and on top. Due to their abundant focus on independence, they usually have a hard time with the closes people to them, because they lack showing them attention. These people are also very arrogant, so if you ever want to be felt sorry for, or held in arms, stay away from fire sign.

Cite this page

Zodiac Signs Research Essay. (2019, Dec 05). Retrieved from https://paperap.com/zodiac-signs-research-essay/

"Zodiac Signs Research Essay." PaperAp.com , 5 Dec 2019, https://paperap.com/zodiac-signs-research-essay/

PaperAp.com. (2019). Zodiac Signs Research Essay . [Online]. Available at: https://paperap.com/zodiac-signs-research-essay/ [Accessed: 7 Sep. 2024]

"Zodiac Signs Research Essay." PaperAp.com, Dec 05, 2019. Accessed September 7, 2024. https://paperap.com/zodiac-signs-research-essay/

"Zodiac Signs Research Essay," PaperAp.com , 05-Dec-2019. [Online]. Available: https://paperap.com/zodiac-signs-research-essay/. [Accessed: 7-Sep-2024]

PaperAp.com. (2019). Zodiac Signs Research Essay . [Online]. Available at: https://paperap.com/zodiac-signs-research-essay/ [Accessed: 7-Sep-2024]

• Describe The Possible Signs Symptoms Indicators And Behaviours Pages: 5 (1475 words)
• The Signs and Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer Pages: 4 (1107 words)
• Graffiti and Signs Gangs Use It as Language Pages: 3 (646 words)
• Cause, Signs And Symptoms, Treatment And Therapy Of Schizophrenia Pages: 4 (926 words)
• PA Driver's Manual: Signals, Signs, & Markings Pages: 29 (8581 words)
• Decoding the Symbols: An Exploration of the Alleged Illuminati Signs Pages: 2 (515 words)
• Ethnographic Research Paper: Latino-American Immigration Experience Essay Pages: 9 (2660 words)
• Marketing Research Energy Drink Market Brazil Essay Pages: 18 (5107 words)
• Essay On Cancer Research Pages: 4 (1089 words)
• Essay Cause And Effect Of Haze / Help With Writing Research Papers Pages: 3 (700 words)

An official website of the United States government

The .gov means it’s official. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

The site is secure. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

• Publications
• Account settings

Preview improvements coming to the PMC website in October 2024. Learn More or Try it out now .

• Advanced Search
• Journal List
• J Natl Cancer Inst

Zodiac: A Comprehensive Depiction of Genetic Interactions in Cancer by Integrating TCGA Data

Associated data, background:.

Genetic interactions play a critical role in cancer development. Existing knowledge about cancer genetic interactions is incomplete, especially lacking evidences derived from large-scale cancer genomics data. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) produces multimodal measurements across genomics and features of thousands of tumors, which provide an unprecedented opportunity to investigate the interplays of genes in cancer.

We introduce Zodiac, a computational tool and resource to integrate existing knowledge about cancer genetic interactions with new information contained in TCGA data. It is an evolution of existing knowledge by treating it as a prior graph, integrating it with a likelihood model derived by Bayesian graphical model based on TCGA data, and producing a posterior graph as updated and data-enhanced knowledge. In short, Zodiac realizes “Prior interaction map + TCGA data → Posterior interaction map.”

Zodiac provides molecular interactions for about 200 million pairs of genes. All the results are generated from a big-data analysis and organized into a comprehensive database allowing customized search. In addition, Zodiac provides data processing and analysis tools that allow users to customize the prior networks and update the genetic pathways of their interest. Zodiac is publicly available at www.compgenome.org/ZODIAC .

Conclusions:

Zodiac recapitulates and extends existing knowledge of molecular interactions in cancer. It can be used to explore novel gene-gene interactions, transcriptional regulation, and other types of molecular interplays in cancer.

Complex diseases such as cancer are rarely caused by an abnormality in a single gene, but rather reflect multigene abnormalities that perturb molecular interaction networks and attract cells to new malignant and carcinogenic states ( 1 , 2 ). For example, dysregulation of molecular signaling pathways, such as the PI3K / AKT / mTOR signaling pathway and the MAPK signaling pathway, leads to excessive cell proliferation and evasion of apoptosis, forming the basis of carcinogenesis. Therefore, understanding genetic interactions inside cells is critical to elucidating the molecular mechanisms of cancer ( 3 , 4 ).

The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) ( 5–8 ) has generated multimodal genomic measurements, including DNA copy number (CN), DNA methylation (ME), gene expression (GE), and protein expression (PE), on a large collection of human tumors. Functional interactions between these features of the same gene (intragenic) or of different genes (intergenic) regulate important cellular and molecular events like replication, transcription, and cellular signaling. Therefore, TCGA data provide a unique opportunity for understanding cancer at multiple regulatory and molecular layers. Statistical models that integrate information from different modalities are powerful tools for studying a biological system. Currently there are few resources based on integrative analysis of multiple genomics features using TCGA data. Most available tools focus on reporting existing data and knowledge ( 9 , 10 ) instead of analysis results about cancer genetic interactions. Integrating multilayer and pan-cancer TCGA data using Bayesian graphical models, we aim to generate a comprehensive database and provide powerful computational tools for the investigation of molecular interactions in cancer.

Zodiac is a result of a big-data integrative analysis on multimodal TCGA data with a goal to generate new knowledge of molecular interactions in cancer. Unlike correlation-based methods such as weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) ( 11 ), Zodiac is powered by Bayesian graphical models ( 12 , 13 ) that simultaneously account for conditional independence among multiple genomic features (Supplementary Materials, section “Bayesian Graphical Models,” available online). This gives Zodiac some advantage in capturing the network-type relationship in biological systems ( Supplementary Figures 1–3 , Supplementary Table 1 , Supplementary Materials, section “Bayesian Graphical Models,” available online). Zodiac provides a whole-genome and pair-wise interaction map, which contains intragenic and intergenic interactions of all pairs of genes in cancer. Innovatively, Zodiac integrates multiple layers of molecular features such as CN, ME, and GE, which is markedly different from other systems such as STRING ( 14 ) that focuses on a single feature at a time for multiple genes. All the results in Zodiac are publicly accessible at http://www.compgenome.org/ZODIAC .

The construction of Zodiac is divided into four sequential steps ( Figure 1 ), including data retrieval, computation, results assembly, and results dissemination. Step 1 is data retrieval ( Figure 1A ) that collected and assembled TCGA data into a well-formatted data matrix via our own open-source software pipeline, called TCGA-Assembler ( 15 ). This step allows for automatic data retrieval directly from the TCGA data portal, ensuring the reproducibility of subsequent statistical analysis. Only samples with four types of molecular features (CN, GE, ME, PE) were used, and data from different cancer types were combined together as a pan-cancer analysis (Supplementary Materials, section “Analysis Details,” available online). In the end, we obtained a data set of 1448 samples from 11 cancers ( Table 1 ), each sample characterized by up to four types of features on each of 19 304 genes ( Supplementary Table 2 , Supplementary Materials, section “Analysis Details,” available online). In the second step ( Figure 1B ) we launched massively parallel computations and applied the Bayesian graphical models (BGMs) ( 12 , 13 ) to the multimodal data for each gene and each gene pair using all the 1448 samples. The computation consisted of about 200 parallel jobs and was executed on the super computer Beagle ( 16 ). The entire computation took roughly 2.5 million CPU hours. Results from the analyses were stored and organized into a database ( Figure 1C ) in the third step. In the final step, a web interface was constructed at http://www.compgenome.org/ZODIAC to enable fast queries and visualizations of the analysis results ( Figure 1D ).

Sample counts from 11 cancer types used in Zodiac analysis

Four steps to build Zodiac. A ) Multimodal, multicancer The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data are prepared by TCGA-Assembler ( 15 ), open-source software designed to retrieve and process TCGA public data from TCGA Data Coordinating Centers (DCC). Each patient sample has multiple data files generated by different array or sequencing platforms. TCGA-Assembler automatically retrieves thousands of data files from TCGA DCC and assembles them into a single mega data table for subsequent analysis. B ) Massively parallel computational jobs, one for each gene or gene pair, are conducted using Bayesian graphical models ( 12–13 ). Statistical inferences for a total of 19,304 genes and all possible gene pairs are performed based on posterior probabilities. A functional network involving multiple modalities of a gene or gene pair is treated as a Markov random field and Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations are used for statistical estimation (Supplementary Materials, section “Bayesian Graphical Models,” available online). C ) All statistically significant intragenic and intergenic networks from the Bayesian inference are stored in database and accessible through a web server. D ) A user-friendly web interface is built to allow fast queries and visualization of analysis results. CN = copy number; GE = gene expression; Me = methylation; PE = protein expression; TCGA = The Cancer Genome Atlas.

Statistical Analysis

Treating a known genetic map as a prior graph, Zodiac combines the prior with a likelihood function that describes TCGA data and produces posterior and data-enhanced interaction maps. The key innovation is the use of random graphs that allows for changes of the connectivities in graph. Some edges present in the prior graph can be eliminated in the posterior graph, and new edges absent in the prior may be added, all depending on the information contained in the data. In summary, Zodiac realizes the evolution of:

Prior Interaction Map + TCGA data → Posterior Interaction Map in Cancer

Statistical inference of genetic interactions is based on a class of Bayesian graphical models, treating the interaction networks of genomics features as random graphs. In this case, the network topology of features is considered random, and a rigorous Bayesian posterior inference (Supplementary Materials, section “Bayesian Graphical Models,” available online) is performed to estimate the network topology as data-enhanced and new knowledge supported by TCGA data. This is different from tools that assume known and fixed network topology ( 17 , 18 ). More importantly, graphical models are known to be powerful at describing interactions of multiple variables ( 19 ), or genomics features in our case, which is otherwise challenging for traditional statistical models based on correlations or regressions. In addition, Bayesian statistical inference enforces stringent false discovery rate (FDR) thresholds in reported results based on posterior probabilities, which is different from P value–based inference ( 20 ).

For validating the genetic interactions inferred by Zodiac, one-sided Fisher’s exact test has been used to evaluate the enrichment of known genetic interactions in Zodiac. The one-sided test is used because scientifically we are only interested in the one-sided alternative. That is, interactions in Zodiac are more enriched with known genetic interactions than by random chance. Such one-sided enrichment tests are frequently used in the literature ( 21 ). A cutoff of .01 on P value is used to call statistically significant enrichment.

The main function of Zodiac is to generate new hypotheses and validate existing discoveries in cancer based on posterior and data-enhanced inference on molecular interactions. For example, depending on user query, Zodiac returns: 1) an intragenic interaction network ( Figure 2A -i) for each single gene, 2) an intra- and intergenic interaction network ( Figure 2A -ii) for each pair of genes, and 3) a list of genes that possess intergenic interactions with any single gene of interest ( Figure 2A -iii). Each of the three types of queries provided by Zodiac returns important information. For example, Figure 2A -iii shows the list of top genes that could be potentially targeted by the regulator gene EZH2 . Similar lists can be returned for other genes of interests, such as transcription factors, tumor suppressors, or oncogenes through the single gene query. Alternatively, a search of a gene pair in Zodiac returns a graph containing statistically significant interactions between genomic features of the two genes ( Figure 2A -ii ). In all cases, statistical significance is assessed by posterior probabilities for any edges and any graphs, and stringent false discovery rate (FDR) thresholds are applied to select a list of reliable edges or graphs. The prior network used when inferring the intra- and intergenic networks applies the common biological consensus, assuming that within each gene copy number and methylation are connected with gene expression and gene expression is connected with protein expression. These edges in the prior network can be reinforced, weakened, or removed in the posterior network, depending on the information contained in the observed data. This is an essential feature of the proposed Bayesian statistical inference.

Illustrations and summary of inference results on interaction networks. A ) Illustrations of potential interactions. A-i ) Illustrations of intragenic interactions between genomic features of a single gene. Two potential intragenic networks are presented, implying different coregulation of copy number (CN) and methylation (ME) on gene expression (GE). A green or red edge , ie, line connecting two genomics features, indicates a positive or negative interaction between them, respectively. The thickness of an edge indicates the interaction strength (Supplementary Materials, section “Bayesian Graphical Models,” available online). A-ii ) illustrates a hypothetical intergenic network for two genes. One gene does not have any PE measurement, because in The Cancer Genome Atlas not all genes have protein expression (PE) data. Table (A-iii) gives an illustration of the gene list returned by searching for genes interacting with an input gene, EZH2 in this case (more details can be found in the Results section). B ) Two hypothetical models that might explain the two different intragenic networks in panel (A-i) , which are copy number amplifications coupled with (B-i) copy-ubiquitous methylation or (B-ii) copy-specific methylation. The two models require experimental validation. C ) Numbers of statistically significant interactions (Bayesian false discovery rate ≤ 0.01) inferred by the analyses and grouped by interaction types. CN = copy number; GE = gene expression; Me = methylation; PE = protein expression.

The Bayesian graphical inference is distinctly different from correlation-based inference and provides insight on concurrent interactions between multiple genetic features. For example, the two intragenic graphs in Figure 2A -i represent the conditional independence between CN and GE (left) or between ME and GE (right). The two different graphical topologies provide two different transcription regulatory patterns. The left pattern implies that change in gene expression is independent of copy number variations given methylation events, and the right pattern implies the reverse relationship that change in gene expression is independent of methylation given copy number variations. These patterns may be associated with two hypothetical and different coregulation mechanisms of ME and CN on GE. For example, copy number amplification for a gene coupled with copy-ubiquitous methylation ( Figure 2B -i) could explain the ME-dependent and CN-independent regulation on GE, while a copy number amplification with copy-specific methylation ( Figure 2B -ii) may result in CN-dependent and ME-independent regulation on GE. We discovered many genes possessing these two patterns in Zodiac results ( Supplementary Tables 3–4 , Supplementary Materials, section “Additional Results,” available online). Hypotheses of this nature can only be generated under graphical models and the corresponding conditional dependence/independence between all three genomics features. In contrast, a correlation-based inference of any two features (ME/GE, or CN/GE) might yield misleading conclusions. For example, when the true coregulation pattern agrees with Figure 2B -i, measurements between copy numbers and gene expression could be negatively correlated because copy number gains actually do not lead to increased gene expression as the transcription of each gene copy is silenced by DNA methylation.

Overlap With Existing Databases of Genomic Regulations

The multimodal integration of genomics features in Zodiac can be used to discover and validate regulatory relationships between genes. To examine the biological relevance of the computational results in Zodiac, we chose 16 cancer related pathways from KEGG ( 22 ), categorized as Cancer Overview, Signal Transduction, and Cell Growth and Death ( Supplementary Table 5 , Supplementary Materials, section “Additional Results,” available online) and assessed the overlap between KEGG and Zodiac on these pathways ( Supplementary Tables 6–7 , Supplementary Materials, section “Additional Results,” available online). Since Zodiac reports results based on the integration of TCGA data across multiple cancer types, we expect an abundant overlap between Zodiac results and the type of findings in KEGG that are conserved and common across cancers. Therefore, cancer-specific KEGG pathways were not included for this assessment. KEGG records various types of molecular interactions, such as protein-protein interaction and transcriptional regulation. Similarly, Zodiac investigates intergenic GE-GE, GE-PE, and PE-PE interactions. Table 2 shows that the genomic regulations indicated by KEGG are statistically significantly enriched ( P ≤ 1×10 −8 ) in the corresponding interactions inferred by Zodiac.

Overlaps between KEGG and Zodiac indicated by enrichments of two kinds of interactions recorded by KEGG pathways amongst the corresponding statistically significant (Bayesian false discovery rate ≤ 0.01) intergenic interactions inferred by Zodiac*

* One-sided Fisher’s exact test and P value are used to measure the statistical confidence of enrichment. Enrichment fold evaluates the improvement on the abundance of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes–indicated interactions by selecting corresponding statistically significant interactions in Zodiac. See the “Additional Results” in the Supplementary Materials (available online) for details of enrichment analysis. GE = gene expression; KEGG = Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; PE = protein expression; PE(phos) = expression of phosphorylated protein.

† Transcriptional regulation in KEGG (involving a transcription factor and a target gene) can be characterized by a statistically significant intergenic PE-GE or GE-GE edge in Zodiac between the transcription factor and its target gene.

‡ Protein phosphoregulation between two genes in KEGG can be indicated in Zodiac by a statistically significant PE-PE(phos) or GE-PE(phos) edge between the kinase gene and its substrate.

We also assessed genomic interactions in Zodiac using transcriptional regulations provided by the Transcriptional Regulatory Element Database (TRED) ( 23 ), which includes target genes of cancer-related transcription factor families. Statistically significant intergenic PE-GE or GE-GE edges in Zodiac are considered as evidence supporting transcription factor regulation on its target genes. A total of 11 (out of 45) transcription factors (with their target genes) were found statistically significantly enriched ( P ≤ .01) in the PE-GE and GE-GE edges inferred by Zodiac ( Supplementary Table 8 , Supplementary Materials, section “Additional Results,” available online).

Data-Enhanced Network Inference Using Zodiac Tools

Zodiac provides a unique functionality that allows researchers to perform data-enhanced Bayesian network inference. Existing results in Zodiac, although useful, might not be suitable for all users. For example, a user might be interested in a few genes and their interaction network in prostate cancer. The reported network in Zodiac does not match such an interest. Instead, using the TCGA-Assembler ( 15 ) and BGM tools provided at the Zodiac website, the user can obtain posterior network for those genes enhanced by the prostate cancer data in TCGA. TCGA-Assembler allows for automatic and user-specified TCGA data retrieval and processing, while BGM performs subsequent network inference based on the retrieved data. The knowledge enhancement is in the fact that the posterior estimated network combines the prior network provided by the user (if available) and the information contained in TCGA data. Such an enhancement is realized by rigorous statistical inference through BGM analysis. Figure 3 provides an example based on our own investigation. A signaling cascade in the prostate cancer pathway of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database ( Figure 3A ) was used as the prior information in a BGM analysis, through which a posterior network was obtained ( Figure 3B ; Supplementary Tables 9–10 , Supplementary Materials, section “Additional Results,” available online). Therefore, using the provided tools, Zodiac allows for highly customable computation aiming for data enhanced network inference. The comprehensive TCGA data and flexibility of the BGM tools will facilitate the community to generate posterior networks as data-enhanced and renewed knowledge about cancer. More broadly, the BGM tools can be applied to general data, such as users’ in-house data, in which any genes or genomic features are measured across matched biological samples.

Illustration of data-enhanced Bayesian network inference. A ) A signaling cascade in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) prostate cancer pathway. Nodes in the signaling cascade indicate proteins or protein families. Arrow with a solid line indicates activation. +p indicates phosphrylation. Arrow with a dashed line indicates indirect effect. The androgen receptor (AR) regulation of prostate specific antigen (PSA) is through binding to DNA and transcriptional activation of KLK3 , which encodes PSA. B ) Data-enhanced Posterior network inferred by Bayesian graphical model (BGM) analysis. One measurement feature is selected to represent each of the proteins or protein families in the signaling cascade (Supplementary Materials, section “Additional Results,” available online). The network includes only edges with the highest posterior probabilities. The numbers besides the edges are the posterior probabilities of including the edges inferred by BGM analysis (Supplementary Materials, section “Bayesian Graphical Models,” available online). All the other potential interaction edges have very low posterior probabilities (≤ 0.1) and not presented. Gene expression (GE) or protein expression (PE) in the parenthesis of each feature indicates gene expression or protein expression of the genes, respectively, which are used for analysis. Some of the protein expressions measure the abundances of proteins phosphrylated at specific positions. Positive interactions are indicated by green color and negative interactions are indicated by red color . Ser338, Ser217, and Ser221 indicate phosphorylations on serine-338, -217, and -221, respectively. GE = gene expression; PE = protein expression; Thr202 = phosphorylation on threonine-202l; Tyr204 = phosphorylation on tyrosine-204.

Some Use Cases

EZH2 is frequently found overexpressed in a variety of cancers ( 24 , 25 ). It is a Polycomb protein that adds methyl groups to Lysine 27 of histone protein H3, leading to chromatin condensation and thus transcriptional repression of genes. Histone modification induced by EZH2 promotes cancer development by silencing the expression of tumor suppressor genes ( 26–28 ). A previous study shows that EZH2 is a downstream target of E2F1 , a transcription factor in control of cell cycle and also interacting with tumor suppressor proteins ( 29 ). This indicates a possible connection between EZH2 -mediated histone modification and E2F1 -mediated cellular functions in cancer. Zodiac shows a statistically significant (Bayesian FDR ≤ 0.01) GE-GE edge connecting these two genes, confirming these previous findings ( 29 , 30 ).

Responding to a single-gene search, Zodiac reports all the other genes with statistically significant intergenic interactions with the given gene. Using this function for EZH2 ( Figure 2A -iii; Supplementary Table 11 , Supplementary Materials, section “Additional Results,” available online), we notice that the top gene on the list is HIST1H2BH , which encodes a member of the histone H2B family. Interestingly, investigation on the link between EZH2 and histone genes has been centered on H3K27 with numerous publications, but a recent paper ( 31 ) for the first time demonstrates the methylation by EZH2 on Lysine 120 of H2B —ie, EZH2 is related to H2BK120 methylation.

As a follow-up investigation, we examined the E2F family. Bracken et al. (2003) reported several potential downstream targets of E2F1 ( 29 ), including genes essential for the entry into S phase of cell cycle, such as CCNE1 and CCNA2 , and genes that are involved in the regulation of DNA replication, such as CDC6 , DHFR, and TK1 ( 32 , 33 ). All of these genes have statistically significant intergenic GE-GE edges with E2F1 in Zodiac ( Supplementary Figure 4 , Supplementary Materials, section “Additional Results,” available online).

Zodiac contains nearly two hundred million interaction networks, and the above examples give promising indications of the potential utility and impact of Zodiac to the community.

Web Interface

The web interface ( Figure 4 ) of Zodiac is simple with only one input box supporting multiple query modes ( Figure 4A ). Users type gene symbols separated by spaces or line breaks. If users enter one gene symbol, Zodiac returns a summary of the list of genes that possess statistically significant intergenic interactions with the input gene ( Figure 4B ). If users input the same gene symbol twice, Zodiac returns a graph of intragenic interactions for the gene ( Figure 4C ). Providing two different gene symbols in the input box returns a graph with both intragenic and intergenic interactions of the two genes ( Figure 4D ). If multiple gene symbols are entered, Zodiac displays all statistically significant intergenic interactions between any pair of the input genes in a Circos plot ( 34 ) ( Figure 4E ). Details are provided in the Supplementary Materials, section “Web Server and Interface” (available online).

Web interface for querying and viewing results in Zodiac. A ) The main query page is at http://www.compgenome.org/ZODIAC . B ) Summary of genes that have statistically significant intergenic interactions with a single input gene. C ) Intragenic interactions of a single input gene. D ) Interaction network of two input genes. E ) Statistically significant intergenic interactions of all gene pairs among multiple input genes are displayed as a Circos plot ( 34 ). The following features are provided in different query modes: First, a table of brief annotations of genes is provided with clickable links on gene symbols that connect to the genes’ descriptions at the National Center for Biotechnology Information. Second, by default the graphs only report edges that have the highest posterior inclusion probabilities so that the estimated false discovery rate is no larger than a statistical significance threshold. Third, all the results will be returned on screen and a link will be provided for downloading the results. CN = copy number; GE = gene expression; Me = methylation; PE = protein expression.

The cancer biology community does not lack large databases and tools that provide interaction networks across genes ( 9 , 22 , 35 , 36 ). However, few perform integration of multiple genomic features or collect computational results from a coherent probability model with FDR control. To our knowledge, Zodiac is the largest online resource reporting computational results based on the analyses of multimodal TCGA data. As a big-data integration, Zodiac is expected to generate new discoveries that penetrate deeper into the molecular mechanisms of cancer. Biologically, Zodiac yields a comprehensive map of interplays between multiple genetic factors of different genes. Such a map can provide critical information to disentangle the competing and confounding regulatory relationships. For example, the coregulation of CN and ME on GE within a gene can be revealed by examining the intragenic graph provided in Zodiac. Furthermore, investigators can perform customized network inference using provided software of TCGA-Assembler ( 15 ) and BGM on the Zodiac website. These tools enable the community to utilize TCGA data and update existing knowledge about cancer genomic interactions.

Because of its integration over multiple genomics features, Zodiac can be used to facilitate research in a variety of areas, such as transcription regulation, gene co-expression, long-range interaction between two genes, protein interaction, and DNA comethylation ( 37 ). Zodiac can be incorporated and expanded to facilitate many other research efforts. Recent studies try to identify driver mutations ( 17 , 38 ) and stratify tumors ( 39 ) by imposing mutation profiles on existing functional interaction networks obtained from databases, like KEGG ( 22 ) and Pathway Commons ( 40 ). Highly mutated subnetworks can also be identified from the global network using this scheme ( 18 ). Zodiac can facilitate the identification of highly mutated subnetworks or driver mutations by providing high confidence interaction networks. When combined with mutation data, which are also available through TCGA, subnetworks specific to mutations of genes can be elucidated.

Discoveries based on BGM analyses ( 12 , 13 ) produce formal probability inference of the interaction networks. The benefit of such inference is that it naturally produces FDR-type of uncertainty measures on the network itself using posterior probabilities. There is a fundamental difference in the interpretation of posterior probabilities and P values, as the latter cannot be directly interpreted as the probability of an event ( 41 ). Posterior inference based on FDR control is applied within the analysis of each gene or each gene pair over all potential interactions in the analysis. The use of FDR ensures the reliability of the statistical inference for each gene or gene pair over all the possible networks for the gene or gene pair. It does not, however, control the false discoveries across the approximately 200 million analyses, each subject to its own multiplicity. Controlling the overall false discoveries over all the analyses is not computationally feasible based on the graphical models because it would require evaluation of the uncertainty of roughly 1×10 15 networks, the computation cost for each of which is substantially more expensive than many standard test-based analysis (such as differential expression). Therefore, we choose to control the FDR for the interactions within individual analysis of a gene and a gene pair. The results presented in the manuscript are based on thresholding Bayesian FDR at 0.01. The graphical model devises conditional independence of multiple genomics features, providing a systemic and accurate depiction of co-existing interactions of multiple factors, such as CN, ME, and GE. In conclusion, the use of BGM and conditional independence inference highlights the analytical differences between Zodiac and many existing quantitative models for integration of multimodal cancer genomics data.

The inferred edges in Zodiac are subject to many potential noises that are intrinsic to TCGA data, such as batch/lab bias. We have performed careful data preprocessing (Supplementary Materials, section “Analysis Details,” available online) to minimize these biases, but they might still have effects on certain gene pairs. Nevertheless, such biases might not severely affect the statistical inference on interactions of the genomics features. For example, we have performed additional investigation and found that the inferred network is robust to random shifts or scaling changes to the simulated data. It is important to note that results in Zodiac are based on computational analyses rather than experimental validations. A big-data computation like this will surely encompass unexpected or unconventional findings. Also, many relationships (such as intergenic CN-ME edges) are results of indirect interactions or confounders. Nonetheless, we believe that Zodiac, as an expanding resource, will benefit researchers in different areas because of its rigor in statistical modeling and fidelity to TCGA data. More importantly, the proposed integration of TCGA data will motivate more efforts and help improve understanding of the cancer biological systems using computational means.

There are some limitations of our current work. Zodiac currently is a pan-cancer project that investigates molecular interactions shared across multiple tissues. It lacks cancer-specific analysis of genetic interactions. In addition, not all molecular measurements are included in analysis, such as miRNA expression. Despite the large computational effort, Zodiac is merely an initial step towards more ambitious and exciting future investigations.

Our future plan includes using BGM to identify genetic interactions of individual cancer types and differential interactions between cancer types. Such analyses will require substantially more computation depending on the number of cancer types selected. In addition, we are looking into expanding the number of data modalities (such as including miRNA expressions and gene mutations) and the number of genes in each graph (to be greater than two), although such expansions result in an exponential increase in the computational burden, as the size of graphical space increases exponentially over the numbers of modalities and genes. We are attempting various optimization approaches to speed up the computation aiming for a future launch of genome-wide gene triplet analysis with more data modalities. Nevertheless, for important cancer-related pathways that involve far fewer genes, analysis of three or more genes is feasible based on our current BGM software, available for download on the Zodiac website. Zodiac currently is based on TCGA data retrieved and assembled in April, 2013, which are also available for download at the Zodiac website. Since then, TCGA has been adding new data with more patient samples. We plan to carry out analyses incorporating the new data in future Zodiac expansion and make results available. Especially, The Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) ( 42 ) has been generating whole-genome proteomics data of TCGA patient samples, which can be used for studying interactions involving protein expressions for future Zodiac analysis of specific cancer types.

YJ’s and PM’s research was partially supported by the US National Institutes of Health through grant R01 CA132897. This work was also supported in part by the US National Institutes of Health through resources provided by the Computation Institute and the Biological Sciences Division of the University of Chicago and Argonne National Laboratory, under grant S10 RR029030-01.

Supplementary Material

The study sponsors had no role in design of the study, the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, nor the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

Author contributions: YJ and YZ conceived the main idea and participated in all aspects of the project. YX, RM, and PM worked on methodology development. DLH, KG, SY, SS, and WG worked on database and web portal construction. LLP, IF, NP, and JCS helped computation on Beagle. All participated in manuscript writing.

मराठीचे तपशील

Lucky Zodiac Signs : कामात यश मिळेल, बाप्पाच्या कृपेने जुनी येणी वसुल होईल! या ५ राशींसाठी लकी दिवस

Lucky rashi bhavishya 7 september 2024 : आज भाद्रपद मासातील शुक्ल पक्षातील चतुर्थी तिथी असून, या दिवशी ब्रह्मयोग, सर्वार्थ सिद्धी योग, रवियोग आणि चित्रा नक्षत्र यांचा शुभ संयोग तयार होत आहे, या ५ राशीच्या लोकांसाठी दिवस लकी आहे..

आज शनिवार ७ सप्टेंबर रोजी, चंद्र शुक्रच्या तूळ राशीत भ्रमण करणार आहे. तसेच आज भाद्रपद महिन्यातील शुक्ल पक्षातील चतुर्थी तिथी असून, ही तिथी गणेश चतुर्थी तिथी म्हणून ओळखली जाते. 

गणेश चतुर्थीला ब्रह्मयोग , सर्वार्थ सिद्धी योग, रवियोग आणि चित्रा नक्षत्र यांचा शुभ संयोग होत असल्याने दिवसाचे महत्त्व अधिकच वाढले आहे. गणेश चतुर्थी च्या शुभ योग-संयोगात ५ राशींना फायदा होणार आहे.

आज व्यवसायांना चलती जाणवेल. व्यवसायात कामाची पद्धत आखीव आणि आधुनिक असल्यामुळे कामाची गती वाढेल. कलेच्या क्षेत्रात प्रगती होईल. वेळेचे नियोजन असेल तर योग्यच फायदा होईल. संततीकडून सर्वदृष्ट्या आनंद दायक बातम्या मिळतील. नविन संधी आपल्याला मिळणार आहेत. कलागुणांना विकसित करण्यास ग्रहमान अनुकूल आहेत. विद्यार्थ्यांना स्पर्धात्मक यश मिळेल.

संबंधित फोटो

मिथुनः .

आज लक्ष्मीयोगात शेअर मार्केटध्ये गुंतवणूक फायदेशीर ठरणार आहे. आपला स्वभाव दृढनिश्चयी व उद्योगशील राहील. व्यवसायाला योग्य दिशा मिळेल. जोडीदाराशी संबंध सलोख्याचे रहातील. जोडीदाराकडून बऱ्याच अपेक्षा पूर्ण होतील. मनात नसताना प्रवासाला जावे लागेत. तब्येत चांगली ठेवा. हजरजबाबी स्वभावामुळे लोकांवर प्रभाव पाडाल. कामाचा वेग नक्कीच वाढेल. जुन्या मित्र मैत्रिणी आपणास पुन्हा भेटणार आहे. आध्यात्मिक विषयाची आवड निर्माण होईल. कला क्षेत्रातील व्यक्तींना आर्थिकदृष्या लाभ होईल. 

कर्कः 

आज अनुकूल दिवस आहे. आर्थिक आवक उत्तम आल्याने समाधान व्यक्त कराल. जोडीदारामुळे फायदा होऊ शकतो. मनासारख्या घटना घडण्यास पूरक दिवस आहे. आपल्या ध्येयप्राप्तीकडे वाटचाल करा. सरकारी संदर्भातील व्यक्तींना देखील बढती मिळण्याचे योग आहेत. कलाकारांना प्रसिद्धीचे योग आहे. आरोग्य मानसिक समाधानामुळे उत्तम राहणार आहे. कुटुंबातील वातावरण एकंदरीत समाधानी राहील.

Daily Horoscope 7 September 2024 : कष्ट वाढवावे लागणार, वेळेचे व्यवस्थापन गरजेचे! वाचा थोडक्यात राशीभविष्य

कन्याः 

आज देवधर्म पूजापाठ यासारख्या धार्मिक कार्य करण्याची इच्छा निर्माण होईल. धंद्यामध्ये वरिष्ठ अधिकाऱ्यांकडून चांगली कामे मिळतील. घरात एखादी चांगली खरेदी कराल. त्यामुळे सर्व खूष असतील. नवीन योजनेत कामाच्या जबाबदाऱ्या वाढणार आहेत. व्यवसायात आर्थिक तेजी आणि नेमकेपणा राहील. तुमची मते बेधडकपणे मांडाल आणि वाहवा मिळवाल. सांपत्तिक परिस्थितीत सुधारणा होईल. आचरण उत्तम राहिल्यामुळे नावलौकिकता वाढेल. वारसाहकाने धन व संपत्ती लाभणार आहे. प्रवासाचे योग येतील. जमीन खरेदी विक्रीतून उत्तम आर्थिक फायदा होईल. 

आज वैवाहिक सौख्य चांगले मिळेल. जोडीदाराचे सहकार्य चांगले मिळेल. जुनी येणी अचानक वसूल होईल. कार्यक्षेत्रात आर्थिक लाभाबरोबर प्रतिष्ठाही मिळेल. जमिन विक्रीतून लाभ होईल. वडिलोपार्जित व्यवसाय करणाऱ्यांना फायदेशीर काळ आहे. व्यवसायवृद्धीसाठी प्रवासाचे योग येतील. व्यवसायात विचारपूर्वक गुंतवणूक करा. खरेदी करताना खर्चावर नियंत्रण ठेवावे लागेल. स्थावर अथवा दीर्घ मुदतीची गुंतवणूक पुढील काळासाठी फायदेशीर ठरणार आहे. घरात एखादे धार्मिक कार्य कराल.