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Advantages and Disadvantages of Cartoons

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Positive and Negative Effects of Cartoons on Child Behaviour and Development

Positive Effects of Watching Cartoons on Children

Negative impact of watching cartoons on kids, tips for parents to deal with the side effects of cartoons on a child.

Cartoons are an inevitable part of every child’s life. Since the emergence of cartoon films over a century ago, several generations of children have grown up watching animated films. A multitude of girls have fantasized about being princesses and boys have imagined themselves to be valiant knights after watching classic animated tales like Peter Pan, Aladdin and the Magic Lamp, Cinderella, Beauty and the Beast, etc.

However, cartoons can have both positive and negative effects on the cognitive development and behavior of a child. This article tells you all about the effects of cartoons on children and gives you tips on how to deal with their negative effects.

The importance of cartoons for children can be seen from the various positive effects that cartoons have on child behavior and development. Here are some positive effects that cartoons can have on children:

1. Helps Children Get an Early Start on Learning

Cartoons can help kids get an early start on learning. The positive influence of cartoons on children can be seen especially in the case of educational cartoons that teach shapes, numbers, and colors. Such cartoons can teach basic things to children in a fun and interactive way, thus making learning an enjoyable activity. The moving, talking pictures and colorful visuals make learning interesting for children.

2. Helps in the Cognitive Development

Watching cartoons can help develop your child’s cognitive skills. It can help develop logic and reasoning ability, visual and auditory processing, and sustained and selective attention of a child.

3. Helps in the Language Development

Cartoons can expose your children to different languages, thus helping children in developing their linguistic abilities. Allowing them to watch cartoons in your native tongue, for example, can help them learn the language better. By watching different cartoons kids can also improve their pronunciation and their manner of talking.

4. Enhances Creativity

Watching cartoons help increase children’s imagination and creativity. Your child will be able to think of new ideas inspired by certain cartoons and come up with new stories or artwork based on the cartoons he watches.

5. Promotes Laughter and Relieves Stress

Children find cartoons amusing and often laugh out loud at the antics of the cartoon characters. Laughter is a good stress buster and a confidence builder. It also boosts immunity and causes the release of endorphins that cause us to have positive feelings.

6. Helps Kids Learn About Different Things

Watching cartoons is a great way to teach your kids about local customs, traditions, history, and mythology. For example, watching animated versions of the Ramayana or Mahabharata can teach kids about Indian mythology. Watching cartoons about Aesop’s Fables or Panchatantra can teach children about good morals, kindness, and compassion.

7. Fosters Emotional Intelligence

Watching cartoons can help children understand emotions and social cues portrayed by characters in various situations. This exposure aids in developing empathy, recognizing facial expressions, and understanding complex emotions, thus enhancing emotional intelligence.

8. Encourages Bonding and Family Time

Cartoons provide opportunities for families to bond and spend quality time together. Watching cartoons as a family can create cherished memories and facilitate discussions about themes, characters, and lessons portrayed in the shows, strengthening family relationships.

9. Teaches Problem-Solving Skills

Many cartoons present characters overcoming challenges and solving problems , which can serve as valuable lessons for children. By observing how characters tackle obstacles and find solutions, kids can learn critical thinking skills , resilience , and perseverance in the face of difficulties.

10. Cultivates Imagination

Cartoons often employ fantastical elements that stimulate children’s imagination. Experiencing imaginative storylines can nurture creativity , encouraging children to think outside the box and explore the boundless possibilities of their imagination.

While cartoons have many positive effects on children, they can also have negative effects on child behavior and development. Here are the various negative effects that cartoons can have on children.

1. Encourages Violence

Watching cartoons which depict violence can encourage children to become violent in real life. Also, due to the impact of violent cartoons on children, they may believe that no one gets hurt or feels pain since cartoons escape unscathed after experiencing violence or an accident. For example, characters in Tom and Jerry, The Road Runner, and Oggy and the Cockroaches often hit each other or cause each other to fall from heights, often without any real consequences.

2. Promotes Unruly Behavior and Lack of Empathy

There are several cartoons which show characters displaying rude or disobedient behavior towards their teachers and elders. Children may mimic this behavior and challenge their parents or teachers when they are disciplined for bad behavior.

3. Promotes the Use of Foul Language

Cartoons often include language that is unfit for children. Children are impressionable, and they may start using bad language that they learn from cartoons in real life.

4. Encourages Unsocial Behavior

There are several cartoons which encourage antisocial behavior and give wrong messages to children. Then there are some cartoons that contain sexual innuendos, encourage aggression, and promote bratty behavior. These can affect your child’s behavior and make them think it is normal to be aggressive , spoiled, or violent.

5. May Lead to Health Problems Due to Sedentary Lifestyle

Too many hours of sitting in front of a screen watching cartoons can cause several health issues due to inactivity and a sedentary lifestyle. These include obesity, vision problems, and nutritional deficiencies due to bad food habits.

6. Promotes Bad Role Models

Children often idolize their favourite cartoon character and mimic them or aspire to be like them. Often, the object of their admiration could be a misleading role model who encourages the wrong habits or displays insensitive behavior towards fellow beings. This kind of impact of cartoons on children’s psychology can often lead to devastating consequences and result in children being withdrawn, uncommunicative, antisocial, or unruly.

7. Cartoon Addiction

“Cartoon addiction” refers to a condition where children develop a compulsive and excessive reliance on watching cartoons to the extent that it interferes with their daily activities, responsibilities, and overall well-being.

Now that we have talked about the various advantages and disadvantages of cartoons and the impact of cartoons on children’s behavior, here are some tips for parents to deal with the negative side effects of cartoons:

1. Watch With Your Kids

Watching a cartoon with your kids will allow you to monitor what they see and also observe their reaction to various events in the storyline. It also helps you bond better with your child. Knowing what their favourite cartoon character is and laughing with them will help you understand your child’s way of thinking and improve your relationship with the child.

2. Limit the Number of Hours

Set a rule that limits the time for watching TV or cartoons to 1 hour a day, especially for young children. Encourage them to go out and play rather than sit and watch cartoons.

3. Select Appropriate or Educational Cartoons

Allow your child to watch only age-appropriate or educational cartoons that do not depict or encourage negative behavior.

4. Explain the Difference Between Cartoons and Reality

Explain the difference between cartoons and reality to your child. Teach your child about what is harmful, what is acceptable and what is not realistic. For example, you could explain to your child that although a character appears to have escaped unscathed after experiencing violence, this is not the case in real life.

5. Use Filtering and Monitoring Applications

Use parental control applications which have monitoring and filtering software to filter out inappropriate content and lock content which you do not want your child to access. Make sure you do not leave the child alone in front of the TV or iPad for hours without monitoring what they are watching.

6. Explore Informative Channels

Explore channels like Discovery, National Geographic, and Animal Planet for informative and educational content that will aid in the overall development of your child. You can also take them out to experience what they have seen on TV. For example, if they watch a program about the galaxy or solar system, you could take them on a visit to the planetarium and even point out constellations and planets to them in the night sky.

7. Watch Programs With Language Aids

Encourage your child to watch programs with language aids that help them learn letters of the alphabet, words, and rhymes.

8. Use Audio CDs

For storytime and rhymes, you can use audio CDs rather than cartoons, as this will encourage your child to be a better listener.

9. Do Not Let Them Eat Sitting In Front of the TV

Eating while watching the television or iPad sets the stage for a lifetime of bad eating habits such as binge eating and getting addicted to junk food. Children often tend to overeat when they are in front of a screen. They also tend to make unhealthy food choices. Eat together at the dining table as a family and avoid watching TV during mealtimes. This will help the kids focus on the meal and encourage them to eat nutritious food and stop when they are full.

1. What age group of kids is suitable for watching cartoons?

Cartoons can be suitable for children of various ages, typically starting from toddlers to early teens. However, the content and themes should be age-appropriate, with parental guidance and supervision to ensure the content aligns with the child’s maturity level and values.

2. How much screen time is appropriate for kids?

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends limiting screen time for children, with specific guidelines varying by age. Generally, for preschoolers aged 2 to 5, screen time should be limited to one hour per day of high-quality programming, while for older children and teenagers, screen time should be balanced with other healthy activities such as physical play, social interaction, and sleep.

3. Do cartoons impact children’s sleep patterns?

Excessive screen time, including watching cartoons close to bedtime, can disrupt children’s sleep patterns. The blue light emitted from screens can interfere with the body’s natural sleep-wake cycle, leading to difficulty falling asleep and poorer sleep quality. It’s advisable to establish a bedtime routine that includes winding down without screens to promote better sleep hygiene.

So, this was all about the effects of cartoons on children’s psychology and behavior patterns. Cartoons can have both positive and negative effects on children depending on what kind of cartoon they watch. By limiting children’s screen time and encouraging them to go outside and play, you can ensure that your children are healthier and happier. Following the tips listed will certainly help in avoiding the negative effects of cartoons on child development and behavior.

References/Resources:

1. Rajawat. D; Cartoon!!! And It’s Effects on Socio-Emotional Development of Preschoolers; IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science; https://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jhss/papers/Vol.%2022%20Issue2/Version-1/C2202011319.pdf ; February 2017

2. Koravi. V, Effects Of Cartoon Channels On The Behavior Of School Going Children – A Survey Study; International Ayurvedic Medical Journal; https://www.iamj.in/posts/images/upload/947_951.pdf

3. Wijethilaka. T; Effect of cartoons on children; ResearchGate; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345066689_Effect_of_cartoons_on_children ; October 2020

4. Klein. H, Shiffman. K, Messages about Physical Attractiveness in Animated Cartoons (Body Image); National Library of Medicine; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6110260/ ; December 2006

5. Akça. F, Çilekçiler. N; The Cartoon Characters with the Greatest Influence on Preschool Children and the Digital Dangers They Can Be Exposed to While Identifying with These Characters (Addicta: the Turkish journal on addictions); Turkish Green Crescent Society; https://www.addicta.com.tr/Content/files/sayilar/12/Extended%20Abstract(8).pdf

Stages of Child Growth & Development  Role of the Family in Child’s Development Factors Affecting Child Growth and Development Impact of Watching Television (TV) on Children

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Advantages And Disadvantages of Cartoons in Teaching

There are many advantages and disadvantages of using cartoons in teaching. On one hand, cartoons can be used to help explain difficult concepts and make them more relatable for students. They can also be used to engage students in learning and increase motivation. However, on the other hand, some people argue that cartoons are not appropriate for classroom use because they can be distracting and may not provide accurate information.

What are the Advantages of Cartoons?

Cartoons tend to be more light-hearted and less serious than other forms of media, which can be a welcome respite from the stresses of everyday life. They can also be used to educate children on important topics in a way that is both entertaining and easy to understand.

Advantages of Using Cartoons in the Teaching And Learning Situation

When used effectively, cartoons can be a powerful teaching tool. They can help to engage students and encourage them to think critically about the content being presented.

Additionally, cartoons can provide visual aids that can make it easier for students to understand complex concepts. Finally, using cartoons in the classroom can be a fun way to break up the monotony of traditional lectures and add some levity to the learning process.

Impact of Cartoons on Child Development

In recent years, there has been a growing body of research on the impact of cartoons on child development. While some of this research has been inconclusive, there is evidence to suggest that certain types of cartoons can have a positive impact on children’s cognitive and social development.

One study published in the journal Child Development found that children who watched educational cartoons like Sesame Street and Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood had better academic performance than those who did not watch these programs. Furthermore, another study found that children who watched pro-social cartoons like SpongeBob SquarePants were more likely to display empathy and helping behavior toward others.

Cartoons And Child Psychology

What are the disadvantages of cartoons.

In recent years, there has been a growing body of research on the effects of cartoons on the skills of students. While some studies have found positive effects, such as improved literacy skills and higher test scores, others have found negative effects, such as increased aggression and attention problems.

Grundy found that cartoons can be helpful for teaching basic reading skills to early readers. However, she also found that too much exposure to fast-paced or violent cartoons can lead to attention problems in children. Additionally, she found that boys tend to be more affected by aggressive or violent content than girls.

Overall, it seems that moderate amounts of exposure to educational cartoons can be beneficial for young learners. However, it is important to monitor what children are watching and limit their exposure to fast-paced or violent content.

Disadvantages of Using Cartoons in Teaching

What are the negative effects of cartoons.

There are a number of potential negative effects of cartoons on children.

Impact of Cartoons on Society

The impact of cartoons on society is both positive and negative. On the one hand, cartoons can be seen as a form of entertainment that helps children to develop their imagination and creativity. They can also teach valuable lessons about life and morality. On the other hand, some people believe that cartoons are a negative influence on children, promoting violence and encouraging them to behave in an antisocial manner. There is no doubt that cartoons are popular with children. They are often attracted to the bright colors, funny characters and exciting storylines. However, it is important to consider the impact that they may have on young minds. Some argue that cartoons are a positive influence on children. They can help to develop imagination and creativity, as well as teach valuable lessons about life and morality. For example, many classic cartoon characters such as Mickey Mouse or Bugs Bunny embody positive values such as determination and resilience in the face of adversity. In addition, recent research has suggested that watching educational cartoons can help children to learn new words and improve their reading skills.

On the other hand, others believe that cartoons are a negative influence on children’s behavior. It is argued that they promote violence and aggressive behavior through the use of weapons and fighting scenes. In addition, some cartoons contain sexual innuendo or toilet humor which may not be suitable for younger viewers.

There are many advantages and disadvantages of using cartoons in teaching settings. Some advantages include that they can capture students’ attention, help them to remember information, and provide a fun and stimulating learning environment. However, some disadvantages include that they may be distracting, not appropriate for all content areas, and hard to find high-quality cartoons. Ultimately, it is up to the teacher to decide if using cartoons in their classroom will be beneficial or not based on the needs of their students.

Sherry Lane

Advantages and Disadvantages of Watching Cartoons

The animation industry is growing faster than ever, all thanks to kids. is Masha and the Bear, Peter Pan, Cinderella, Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, and Vinnie-The Pooh are some of the evergreen cartoon shows. As time and technology progressed, these favorite cartoon characters got replaced with many others like Shin Chan, Doraemon, and Pokemon. Watching Cartoons is every kid’s favorite thing to do. But how well do these characters shape kids’ perception and how negative these can impact them? It’s still a riddle that needs to be solved by parents. These Advantages and Disadvantages of Watching Cartoons evaluate further.

Cartoons "The Never-Ending Fun"

Turning on the TV and switching to kid’s favorite channels is what parents usually do to engage their kids. Even if there’s no TV, the fun continues on computers and smartphones. If you are looking for the best place to watch cartoons, the results will amaze you with so many options other than TV. Millions of Cartoon shows are available round the clock 24/7.

Advantages of Watching Cartoons

Cartoons can have both positive and negative effects on children's cognitive development and behavior. The following are possible advantages of watching cartoons that every parent expects.

1. Learning at the Earliest

There’s no doubt from where once-kids-now-adults had inculcated most of their creative thinking. One of the prominent positive effects of watching cartoons is the enhanced learning process at the early age. According to a Turkish Language and Grammar Teaching study, it was found that kids tend to learn writing and speaking easily through watching cartoons rather than textbooks.

Able to identify and differentiate colors, patterns, numbers, and shapes, kids can learn basic things interactively and enjoyably. Cartoon characters can help kids find their interests as early as in their second year.

2. Cognitive Development

Watching animation can help develop a child’s cognitive skills. Kids can develop logic and reasoning ability, hence improving their auditory and visual processing ability. The amount of time today’s kids spent in front of the television has increased vastly.

For the age group, 3-6 years who are pre-schoolers, there are numbers of cartoon series that promote educational and practical skills. The global research indicates that 85% of a child’s core brain structure is already complete in the early years.

3. Helps in the Language Development

There’s a cartoon channel for almost every language. Watching cartoons online rather than TV gets much-needed exposure to children to different languages. Regional TV channels show local cartoon shows only; however, kids can learn more than one language and develop their linguistic abilities through online cartoon shows.

Watching cartoons in native language can help them learn the language better. By watching different cartoons (non-native ones), kids can also boost their pronunciation and conversational skills.

4. Inspired Imagination

Back in the days, cartoon shows like Duck Tales, Talespin, Allahdin, and Vinnie the Pooh had a storyline. These shows depicted the heroics of various characters fighting the bad guys. This is the most prominent reason why kids loved these characters and are inspired by their stories.

Watching cartoons also helps increase kids’ imagination and boost their morale to be positive, and build their character like their role models.

5. Watching Cartoons Means Lots of fun

One of the greatest Advantages of Watching Cartoons is it lets everyone forget their worries for a while. How about turning your TV on after returning home on a stressful day? The most-loved rivalry of Tom & Jerry is still a favorite among millions of people today.

Likewise, children find cartoons entertaining and enjoyable that are hard to stop laughing at. Laughter is the best medicine for people of every age. Not only laughter cheers you up, but it also builds your confidence and positivity.

Disadvantages of Watching Cartoons

As parents have many reasons to let their kids watch their favorite cartoon shows, some are concerned about the disadvantages of Watching Cartoons . Here are various negative impacts of cartoons that can turn the good side bad.

1. Some Cartoons Promote Violence

Plenty of cartoons are available on the internet these days that promote violence and destruction. The biggest of the Disadvantages of Watching Cartoons online is that it encourages kids to grow violent in real life.

Also, kids believe that they would not feel any pain or hurt after falling or jumping accidentally, like animated characters.

2. Promotes Unruly Behaviour and Foul Language

Many cartoon characters use foul language rampantly; Shin Chan is a Chinese cartoon character that depicts rebellious nature, bad behavior, and the use of language that’s inappropriate from a parent’s viewpoint.

Many shows like Doraemon also display kids lying to their parents, teachers and bullying other kids. Kids can mimic these characters in real life, and that’s the biggest problem to tackle for parents.

3. Aggressive Behaviour

Several cartoon characters encourage antisocial behavior and spread inappropriate messages to children. Aggressive and explicit content sometimes is the major reason why kids turn brazen easily.

TV and internet media is the easily accessible course to learn bad traits, therefore, kids more tend to behave as if it’s absolutely normal to be aggressive or violent.

4. Watching Cartoons is Addictive

If your kids spend more time than recommended, it's time to pay attention. Most of a kid's brain development happens in the initial two years of life. That's why it's so important for babies and toddlers to explore their environment and experience many sights, sounds, tastes, and textures. Kids learn to watch cartoons; they are susceptible to building an addiction to watching cartoons rather than interacting and playing with others.

The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends limiting the amount of time that babies and toddlers spend in front of a TV screen. However, it's a mountainous task for parents to keep kids and toddlers away from Cartoon shows on TVs, tablets, computers, smartphones, and gaming systems in today's world.

Too much time spent in front of a TV screen can also lead to several health problems ranging from poor eyesight to a sedentary lifestyle.

How to take the right steps?

After identifying The Advantages and Disadvantages of Watching Cartoons , parents must ensure their kids get exposure to the real world equally. Watching cartoons together, limiting the screen time, selecting educational cartoon shows, and real-life interaction with kids are the best answers for worried parents.

Also Read : Advantages and Disadvantages of Watching Online Movies Advantages and Disadvantages of Playing Online Games

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the disadvantage of watching cartoons.

There are many disadvantages of watching cartoons. However, the most troubling ones are that cartoons can turn the kids insensitive to others' pain and sorrow, making them feel discomfort from no elements of violence around them in real life and making them more prone to aggressive reactions to violent behavior.

Is watching cartoons bad for children?

According to psychologists, cartoons can have a negative impact on children. Kids who watch cartoons for 3-4 hours a day may be more likely to act out violently, and they may also start to lose touch with reality. Additionally, their behavior may become more negative.

How cartoons affect the brain?

Many studies reveal that watching cartoons may not be as good for young kids' brains as we thought. The researchers suspect that the brain gets overtaxed or tired from the fast-paced cartoons' stimulation leading to lower scores.

Do cartoons cause violence?

Some researchers believe that cartoons with high levels of violence can make children more aggressive. Young children tend to copy the negative behavior they see on television. Output aimed at children as young as seven, including several cartoons, had the highest levels of violence.

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Seven Benefits Of Letting Your Kids Watch Cartoons!

Mautushi Paul

Parents Corner

null mins read

Table of Contents

Introduction, seven top benefits of cartoons for kids, why are problem-solving skills important for your child.

When we were kids, cartoons were a staple in our lives. We’d anxiously wait for Saturday morning to come so we could watch all of our favourite shows. And now that we’re parents, we might be wondering if it’s a good idea to let our kids watch cartoons for kids. Turns out, there are plenty of benefits to letting them tune into their favourite characters! Here are seven reasons why you should let your kids watch cartoons for kids.

1. They’re a great way to bond with your kids

When you were a kid, did you ever watch a cartoon with your parents? If so, you probably have fond memories of that experience. Cartoons for kids can be a great way to bond with your kids. You can laugh together at the silly jokes and characters, and it’s a great way to spend some quality time together.

2. They can help develop your child’s imagination

Cartoons for kids are often chock-full of fantastical elements, like talking animals, magical creatures, and wild adventures. This can help spark your child’s imagination and inspire them to come up with their own ideas. Who knows, you might even be able to get some ideas for your next family vacation from watching a cartoon together!

3. They can teach your child important life lessons

Even though they’re often thought of as just for entertainment, many cartoons for kids contain many valuable life lessons. For example, shows like Sesame Street can teach kids about letters and numbers, while others like Dora the Explorer can help them learn about other cultures. There are even some that teach valuable lessons about friendship, such as My Little Pony.

4. They can help your child develop problem-solving skills

In many cartoons, the main characters often find themselves in all sorts of predicaments. In order to get out of these situations, they must use their problem-solving skills. By watching these characters solve problems, your child can learn how to do the same thing in their own life.

5. They can help your child to develop critical thinking skills

Critical thinking is an important skill that children need to develop in order to be successful in life. Many cartoons for kids require kids to use this skill in order to follow the plot. For example, in the show Phineas and Ferb, the two main characters always come up with new inventions. In order to figure out how these inventions work, kids have to use their critical thinking skills.

6. They can provide your child with a much-needed break from reality

Sometimes, life can be tough. If your child is dealing with some difficult issues, cartoons for kids can provide them with a much-needed break from reality. By watching their favourite characters solve problems, kids can forget about their own troubles for a little while and just have fun.

7. They can help your kids to become kind and honest

Many cartoons for kids teach valuable lessons about honesty, kindness, and other important character traits. By watching these lessons unfold on screen, kids can learn how to be better people in their own lives.

1. They can help your child to stay calm in difficult situations

When your child is faced with a problem, it can be tempting for them to panic. But if they have good problem-solving skills, they’ll know how to stay calm and think clearly about the best way to solve the issue. This can be a valuable life skill that will help them in everything from school to their future career.

2. They can help your child to be more independent

If your child knows how to solve problems, they won’t need to always rely on you or other people for help. This can lead to a sense of independence and self-confidence that will benefit them throughout their life.

3. They can improve your child’s academic performance

Problem-solving skills can also help your child to succeed in school. For example, they might be able to understand better and remember information if they can apply it to a real-life situation. Good problem-solvers are also often creative thinkers, which can help them develop new ideas and approach tasks differently.

4. They can help your child to cope with stress

If your child knows how to handle difficult situations, they will be less likely to feel overwhelmed by stress. This can lead to improved mental and emotional well-being. Good problem-solvers usually have good coping skills. They might be able to better deal with setbacks and manage their emotions. This can help them feel more positive and optimistic about life.

5. They can improve your child’s social skills

Problem-solving skills can also help your child to interact with others effectively. For instance, if your child struggles to share toys with their friend, you can help them figure out a way to do it. This could involve taking turns or coming up with a plan together. Good problem-solvers are often good communicators too. They might find it easier to express themselves and understand others.

6. They can help your child to become more independent

As your child grows up, they’ll need to start doing things for themselves. Problem-solving skills can give them the confidence and independence to do this. For example, if they’re struggling to tie their shoelaces, you could encourage them to try different methods until they find one that works for them.

Cartoons can provide a fun and educational experience for kids, offering plenty of benefits that can help them in the long run. So the next time you’re wondering whether or not to let your little one watch their favourite show, rest assured knowing that cartoons can have some pretty incredible outcomes. And if you need more convincing, we’ve outlined seven great benefits of letting your kids watch cartoons below! Are there other reasons why you think cartoons are beneficial for children? Let us know in the comments.

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• v.2022; 2022

Psychological Impact and Influence of Animation on Viewer's Visual Attention and Cognition: A Systematic Literature Review, Open Challenges, and Future Research Directions

C. k. praveen.

1 VIT School of Design, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632 014, India

Kathiravan Srinivasan

2 School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632 014, India

Associated Data

The original contributions generated for this study are included in the article; further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.

Animation is an excellent method to associate with the audience in a fun and innovative manner. In recent span, animation has been employed in various fields to enhance knowledge, marketing, advertisement, and age groups from infants to adults. The present communication expounds the systematic review on the impact created by animation on the viewer's visual attention. For this review, a database such as Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis, and IEEE Xplore were pursued for publications on the impact of animation on viewer's visual attention from January 2015 to December 2021. The search results showcased 175 titles with 114 full articles, out of which 35 were related to viewers' visual attention towards animation. These reviewed studies comprised of physical outcome ( n = 9), psychological outcome ( n = 15), and cognitive outcome ( n = 11) from which the attention-related factors, physical effects, and cognitive effects of animation were assessed. The animation has influenced the viewer's visual attention through the integration of the different stimuli and the highly organized presentation. Furthermore, the animation has also aided the viewer in attaining greater conceptual understanding, thereby facilitating their cognitive response. As a result, the animation was found to be helpful in enhancing learning skills, food marketing, and teaching strategy. Furthermore, the drawbacks and future recommendations of the studies were elaborated. In addition, challenges and open issues faced during the studies were discussed. Finally, the priority areas in animation identified for promising future directions to visualize large pool data, provide smart communication, and design 3D modeling structures were highlighted.

1. Introduction

Animation is a comprehensive introduction to animated films, from cartoons to computer animation. In layman's terms, it can be described as a state of being full of life. It brings the life of unanimated objects to moving objects, thereby attracting the modern world with its features [ 1 ]. In other words, it is a form of pictorial presentation that has become the most prominent feature of technology-based learning environments. In the modern world, it has become an essential tool for presenting multimedia materials for learners to understand them better [ 2 ].

Animation techniques have been developed over a while, either in 2D drawings or 3D objects like clay, stop motion, or motion graphics. It has become a reliable and significant platform for various fields that have impacted viewers' visual attention through its magic. The animation need not be a full-length movie to attract the viewers' visual attention; rather, it can be a clip of a few seconds comprised of just a few frames. The animation videos can be processed as represented in Figure 1 .

Process of animation.

An idea of integrating traditional animation with the digital 2D animation technique was proposed by Purwaningsih [ 3 ]. It provides an alternative pipeline for hand-drawn 2D animation shorts, thereby optimizing the production time.

The impact of animation on viewer's visual attention and attention span was reviewed and reported either with respect to animated characters or character motion. The research on considering both as influencing factors for viewer's visual attention is insignificant. The present survey focuses on how animated characters and their motions create an impact on the viewer's visual attention. Also, it emphasizes the physiological and cognitive impact created by the animation on the viewers.

1.1. Need and Objectives of the Study

Animation is capable of attracting a large audience in every field. As a result, most people are exposed to this interesting field of knowledge. The major objectives of this systematic review are summarized as follows:

• To exemplify the impact and influence of animation and animated characters on viewers visual attention and cognition
• To elucidate the various approaches and techniques used in attention based animation studies
• To elicit the standards, regulations, guidelines, and best practices that could assist the animation professionals in understanding the viewers' cognitive behavior
• To exemplify the current trends and open issues of the impact of animation on viewers' attention and cognition
• To elucidate the future research directions in animation-based attention studies

1.2. Related Work

Etemad et al. [ 4 ] have analyzed the motivating factors for processing motion features and their relative degrees of significance in a general paradigm called the perceptual validity (PV) model. The PV consists of four components: association, contextual dependency, internal consistency, and external consistency with underlying elements (bodily action, bodily expressions, facial action, and facial expression). A case study was conducted with this paradigm based on the contextual dependency and finally discussed with Disney's principles of animation. Zong et al. [ 5 ] have discussed the importance of character expression shaping in animated films. The features of facial expression design, such as exaggeration, accuracy, and virtuality, were briefed. Likewise, the expression techniques such as association, personification, exaggeration, and deformation were discussed. Finally, a case analysis of animation expression shaping with respect to every character depicted in the Kung Fu Panda film was carried out in-depth.

Kim et al. [ 6 ] studied character-audience similarity's impact on evaluating public service announcements (PSAs). The characters of smokers and persuaders are differentiated to explore their different roles in message effectiveness. Shao [ 7 ] has discussed the performance of visual humor in animation from the point of view of image, color, action, and rhythm. The image of an animated character is suggested as a bearer of visual humor. It suggested that the humor can be enhanced/created either in the form of body proportion (genius rat in Ratatouille) or structural reorganization (Pigsy's head in Journey to the West). The animated character's color is considered to render emotional visual humor (Panda Po in Kung Fu Panda). The action of the animated character is proposed to be surreal humor (Tom cat and Jerry mouse in Tom and Jerry). Finally, the rhythm of animated films was proposed to affect the audience's visual and psychological feelings.

Shah et al. [ 8 ] studied the application of animation in pharmaceutical advertisements and its impact on consumer perception of the risks and benefits of the drug. Two sets of studies have been carried out for the analysis. Rotoscoping was used to test the effects of animation in this study. Study 1 was carried out to assess whether any shift in perception exists and whether it agrees with a memory effect. In study 2, the findings from study 1 were extended by including consumer implications in order to demonstrate the downstream consequences of the use of animation in pharmaceutical advertisements. Smith and Neff [ 9 ] have investigated the influence of animated gestures in controlling personality perception. A sequence of four diverse gestures with twelve motion adjustments was selected as stimuli for the study. The correlation in personality perception was determined. In addition, the potential and possible limits of motion editing approaches were discussed. Two constellations of motion adjustments were selected for the study.

Vijayakrishnan et al. [ 10 ] analyzed the importance of animated cartoon characters in product marketing through advertisement. The preference of children over products having cartoon characters was scrutinized. The strategies used in the global market for selling the products using animated characters were also discussed. Geal [ 11 ] has explored how animation can manipulate a reflexive intertextual framework related to religious prohibitions on artistic mimesis that might replicate and threaten God's creative act. The limitations of the existing survey are listed briefly in Table 1 .

Comparison of existing surveys with the current review (✓: yes; x: no).

This paper is divided into seven sections and its general layout is depicted in Figure 2 . The first section introduces the animation, its impact on the viewer's psychology, and attention span. It also briefs the objective of this study, the limitations of the existing research, and the present study's contribution. The second section explains the application of the PRISMA protocol to evaluate the reviewing of other types of research. The evaluation is based on the survey's selection criteria, its information sources and search strategies, data collection process, and risk of bias in individual studies. The third section elaborates on the selection of the present study, its characteristics, selected data items, and the risk of bias within the studies. It also assesses animation's attention-related factors and physical and cognitive effects. The fourth section briefly presents the summary along with the limitations and recommendations. The fifth section elaborates on the challenges and open issues the researchers face during the study. The sixth section highlights the future research directions in the field of animation. Finally, the last section summarizes all the facts and concludes the reviewed results.

Structure of this review.

2. Methodology

2.1. prisma protocol.

The present study is reviewed based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) Protocol [ 22 , 23 ]. It is a set of recommendations designed for reporting systematic reviews. These guidelines aid authors in improving the reporting of systematic reviews and meta-analyses and ensuring the accuracy and transparency of the studies reported [ 24 ]. The present study's reporting quality can be optimized by completing the review report based on the PRISMA–P statement and checklist. Moreover, it also improves the efficiency of the peer review process and enables the readers to get a clear view of the author's work.

The steps followed in the PRISMA protocol are represented in Figure 3 . It is provided briefly as follows: (a) Identification, the records are identified through database searching and additional sources. (b) Removal of duplicates, the records that appear more than once should be removed to avoid reviewing the duplicate records. The entire list of records is exported to a citation manager to remove the duplicate records. The remaining records are entered in the second top box. (c) Screening, the number of screened articles are entered in the following box. Furthermore, this value will be the same as that of the number entered in the duplicate removed box. Further, the articles are screened based on their titles and abstracts. The number of articles excluded in this screening process is recorded in the relevant box. (d) Eligibility, the number of excluded articles after the screening process is subtracted from the total number of records screened. Full-text articles are assessed for eligibility. All these full-text articles are eligible for the final reviewing process. The number of excluded articles at this point is recorded in the appropriate box. (e) Inclusion, the number of excluded articles is subtracted from the total number of articles reviewed for eligibility. Furthermore, this number is entered in the qualitative analysis box. The number of studies list is entered in the quantitative synthesis box to perform the meta-analysis.

Flow diagram of PRISMA protocol.

2.1.1. Selection Criteria/Eligibility Criteria

The criteria selected were defined before undergoing screening of any articles. The selection criteria are listed in Table 2 .

Selection criteria.

The criteria selection helps to limit the broad topic to direct relevance for the research questions. The language is selected as English as it is the primary publication language for scientific articles. The year of publication is limited to providing a review based on recently published research works. Finally, peer-reviewed articles are considered to provide good quality of work and confirmed results. Also, published thesis work is considered, providing more detail about the research work introduced in peer-reviewed articles by the same or similar authors. Animation-based attention-creating articles were selected for the reviewing process.

2.1.2. Information Sources and Search Strategies

The search databases selected for article retrieval should have good coverage of the body of the relevant work. For this purpose, the two major exiting multidisciplinary databases, Web of Science and Scopus, were selected. Also, scientific databases like Google Scholar and ResearchGate are included as they cover good reporting of animation-related attention-creating articles. In recent times, these research articles can also be retrieved from general databases. However, Google Scholar gains superiority due to its positive correlation with the citation counts from various sources. Many of the works relevant to animation-based attention-creating articles can be retrieved from this database. The publishers such as IEEE, ScienceDirect, Springer, and SAGE also provide direct access to their publications, and their databases were also assessed for their yield of additional relevant results. All the relevant papers can be expected to be available online as the year of publication selection is from 2015 and above. So the analogue search was not conducted separately. Therefore, the electronic database searches were executed from January 2015 to the year 2021 until the preparation of the review. The reference list of all the relevant articles was analyzed for their significance with the research objectives and screened accordingly. The same selection criteria were applied here.

The search strategies need to be fine-tuned to get a better search of articles. Meanwhile, it should expose all relevant research works under a manageable level with no increase in the overall workload of the reviewing process. For the given research objective, the attention-creating articles published in the field of animation were chosen. The research terms for the search were used in either form of individual keywords or a combination of keywords. And specifically, the research terms used were ‘animation' OR ‘impact of animation' ‘Animation' AND ‘psychology' OR ‘animation' AND ‘audience' OR ‘animation' AND ‘cognitive psychology' OR ‘animation' AND ‘audience visual attention'.

2.1.3. Data Collection Process/Data Extraction Process

The title of the articles retrieved from the databases is evaluated for their significant relevance to the research objectives. Furthermore, their respective abstracts are read thoroughly. Based on this, the most relevant articles were segregated and organized in a Microsoft Excel sheet.

(1) Inclusion Criteria . Inclusion criteria for this study include the year of publication, country of origin, methodological base, experimental context, sample characteristics, study duration of existing articles, outcome measures, and exposure to animation duration.

(2) Exclusion Criteria . The criteria excluded for this study comprise lack of access to the full article, unsuitable research articles, letters to the editor, and retraction articles review articles.

The study's key findings mainly focused on how effective the animation in the existing articles. And no attempts are made to contact the authors for missing details in their respective articles.

2.1.4. Risk of Bias in Individual Studies

All the articles were independently evaluated based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria to assess the risk of bias in individual studies. The information extracted from each study is evaluated using the quality assessment tool. For the effective quality assessment, the checklist is made based on the following criteria: yes, no, not applicable (NA), and not reported (NR). The checklist of quality assessment tools includes the following criteria mentioned in Table 3 .

Design quality analysis.

3.1. Selection of the Study

3.1.1. summary of retrieved articles.

The summary of the search databases visited and the number of articles obtained from the respective sources is presented in Table 4 . Further, this table shows the percentage of articles retrieved from each academic database and reveals that the highest number of articles were retrieved from Google Scholar ( n = 199). It comprises research articles, conference papers, and students' dissertations. Other databases like Springer, Science Direct, and Taylor and Francis account for 6.76%, 6.41%, and 6.05% of the total number of articles. The rest of the articles were retrieved from IEEE Xplore (4.27%), ResearchGate (3.20%), and Wiley Online Library (2.49%).

Article sources and number of articles.

3.1.2. Exclusion of Retrieved Articles

The number of articles retrieved from the search database was reduced with the following eliminated procedure based on PRISMA protocol.

• (i) Elimination of the articles based on language ( n = 6), irrelevant titles ( n = 75), and reduction of duplication ( n = 25) from various search databases, leading to reduction from 281 to 175
• (ii) Elimination of articles after the examination of abstracts, leading to the reduction of articles from 175 to 114
• Report on animation impact, 37
• Not focused on animation, 18
• Report on animation application, 14
• Case study, review, and others, 5
• Not enough information, 5

The procedure flow for selecting articles for the study is depicted in Figure 4 , which shows the elimination procedure.

Elimination process of articles based on PRISMA protocol.

3.2. Characteristics of the Study

Based on the selection process, 35 articles were shortlisted for the systematic review. Each article was reviewed, and the information gathered from it was tabulated. The following information was extracted from the articles: description of the study, sample and design applied in the study, type and duration of animation used in the study, and outcome and findings of the study and case-control applied within the study. The study's characteristics, as itemized above, are summarized in Table 5 .

Summary of animation studies.

3.3. Data Items

The study participants' ages ranged from 30 months to 30 years, and most of the studies included both sex samples, with the exception of three studies with female samples alone and gender not mentioned in eight studies. In addition, most of the studies included 3D animation ( n = 10) followed by 2D animation ( n = 6) and flash ( n = 4), and the remaining studies included motion graphics, VR, and AR. Further, the outcomes reviewed from all these studies, namely, physical outcome ( n = 9), psychological outcome ( n = 15), and cognitive outcome ( n = 11), are presented in Table 5 .

3.3.1. Physical Outcome

The importance and necessity of physical exercise was easily delivered to the primary grade students. The results showed a significant difference in self-efficacy, learning, benefits, importance, personal best, and fun between the control and experimental groups ( p ≤ 0.05) [ 31 ]. The hand manipulative tasks was made better with the help of animation. The results showed that the animation groups ranked their difficulty levels (cognitive load) significantly lower than the static groups. Moreover, viewing hand or not made no difference for the animation group [ 36 ].

The effects of visual cueing depend on the subject matter and the learner's learning strategies [ 40 ]. The pretest scores revealed insignificant scores between the test and control groups. However, there is a significant difference between the test and control group in the sequential memory test [ 55 ]. The microintervention study revealed the positive impact of animation on creating awareness on body image among the adolescents. It helped them to understand the importance of telling a bully to stop. The study results showed a significant difference in body satisfaction between the groups. However, it is insignificant to media literacy and self-efficacy [ 29 ]. There is a significant difference in the learning outcomes between each PK (prior knowledge) group for reading comprehension. The animation annotation was easily noticed by the low PK group, whereas the text zone was noticed by the high PK group [ 38 ]. The results obtained from SPQ and BMI revealed the following results: Pororo - So-Yang type boy, Petty - So-Yang type girl, Loopy - So-Eum type girl, Pobby & Harry -most obvious contrast [ 50 ]. There is a significant difference between lip-syncing and gaze to target for perceived speech intelligibility [ 43 ].

3.3.2. Psychological Outcome

Food marketing industries have efficiently utilizing animation as a tool to attract the children, and they were assessing their attention towards healthy/unhealthy food items. Children are attracted to the food and beverages product with or without animated characters. Children were significantly chosen the less healthy product with or without character. Children significantly preferred more or less healthier products irrespective of character [ 51 ]. Children's pupil diameter increased on watching the candy condition. However, no significant difference was observed in the children's visual attention or emotional arousal towards candy or food conditions. There is a significant difference in children's emotional arousal to unhealthy products due to the parent's restriction of candy at home [ 32 ].

The children recalled the story and more content words significantly from animated conditions than a static conditions. Children's visual attention was significant with animated conditions compared to static conditions [ 57 ]. The children were able to recognize the facial identity through dynamic facial animation. However, they failed to learn the facial expression. There is no significant difference observed between the pre- and post-familiarization tests [ 47 ].

The animation has delivered a better opportunity to have self-awareness and knowledge on the health issues without any hesitation. The implementation of computer-animated agent provides assistance to deliver personally relevant information on breast cancer. It helps to reduce anxiety, support psychological needs, and boost confidence. The results showed a significant difference in the proportion of participants with unanswered questions for the post-intervention period [ 30 ]. The health awareness regarding the conditions of glaucoma was perceived by the patients through animation video. There is a significant difference in the patients' knowledge scores between pre- and post-intervention ( p ≤ 0.001). Rural residence, low income, and unemployment were identified as influencing factors for acquiring glaucoma knowledge [ 45 ].

There is a positive correlation between the learning experience between the VR simulation and traditional practice [ 52 ]. There is no significant difference between the real and hybrid CG characters ( p = 1.00). A less significant difference existed between real and CG characters ( p < .001) as well as between CG and hybrid characters ( p < .001). The CGI could feature the actor those who are alive or dead and are capable of enhancing the parasocial interaction and relatability [ 25 ]. The animated character influenced the viewer's attention. There is a significant difference in eeriness between the Pixar character and the Toon character ( p < 0.05). There is a significant difference in eeriness between the photorealistic human character and the Toon character ( p < 0.05) [ 48 ].

The prior knowledge about the techniques behind the making of stop motion films may influence the impact of viewer's attention towards the technical aspects rather than focusing on the story. However, the viewer's attention can be engrossed in the film, and it may develop a deeper connection with the story [ 26 ]. The level of exaggeration in animated cat is insignificant to the audience's perception of the appeal of the realistic feline character. Moreover, the significance of believability is higher for high exaggeration clips than for low exaggeration clips [ 37 ]. The frequency of exposure to animated television cartoons is higher among females, and it is greatly influenced based on their level of education. The perception of such cartoons varies with the level of education [ 56 ]. The viewer's pleasantness feeling toward animated character design aesthetics is insignificant to their gender and age group [ 44 ].

The animated virtual ads attracted the participants than the static ads. The virtual ads presented in the nonbattle scene attracted the participants than those ads in the battle scene. The interaction effect between ad animation and in-game context on fixation count is insignificant [ 41 ]. The animation intensity and animation color on the sponsorship signage showed negative effect on the viewer's attention. The arousal of the viewer's confusion due to increased levels of animation intensity was explored. And the results showed an insignificant effect of animation intensity on viewer confusion [ 46 ]. Also, there is no significant difference in color [ 59 ].

3.3.3. Cognitive Outcome

The studies reported that animation played an essential role in the cognitive development of children ( n = 6). The children who read the AR storybook were more confident in retelling and recalling the story when compared to those who read its printed version [ 27 ]. The mother's video prompted larger pupil dilations and a more smiling and cheerful eye blinking rate among the infants. The highest value cartoons prompted long looking time, reduced blinking, but no increased smiling or pupil dilation [ 34 , 40 ]. Animated films positively affect a child's involvement in symbolic mediation and the level of arbitrary behavior [ 54 ]. Also, it was observed that the executive functions of the preschoolers were disrupted after watching the animated fantastical events [ 28 ]. A significant effect of animated features in ebooks (motion and sound) was observed on children's vocabulary acquisition, story retelling, and visual attention [ 35 ]. There is no significant difference in birth weight, age, parental educational level, or preintervention performance levels between the groups. The trained group showed tremendous results immediately after the training and at 6 weeks follow-up [ 42 ].

Some of the studies reported the role of animation in the teaching field ( n = 5). The adoption of 3D animation as a teaching tool for illustrating surgical skills in medical education was investigated. The test scores showed higher significance for the 3D animation group when compared to the traditional teaching group ( p < 0.0001) [ 33 ]. The animation lecture with instructional design helps in guiding learner's attention, thereby making them focus on the important instructions in the instructions. The animated group required less cognitive load, and they outperformed on the open-ended questions. It was further confirmed with insignificant differences between the two groups in the Genetic Foundation Test [ 39 ]. Idioms learning can be made easier by watching an English animated movies. There is a significant effect on learning idioms through English animated movies ( p < 0.05) [ 49 ]. The spatial features of the animations and the simulations facilitated the development of spatial ability of the 12th grade students. The experimental group's spatial ability and reasoning skills have higher significance than the control group ( p < 0.05) [ 53 ]. The cueing by pedagogical agents positively affected learning performance and instructional efficiency. The cognitive load measures between the two groups were insignificant [ 58 ].

3.4. Risk of Bias within the Study

The risk of bias assessment within the studies is summarized in Table 6 . The criteria for the assessment were based on the study design and data analysis. Nearly all the study participants were randomly selected ( n = 28) with control group ( n = 15) assigned. Some of the studies were conducted in isolation ( n = 31), and the pretest and post-test ( n = 16) method was employed to assess the significance of the hypothesis developed. The participants' visual perception of the animation was determined by their capability to recall or retell ( n = 27). The data obtained in most of the studies were analyzed using power analysis ( n = 12), validity measures ( n = 10), and baseline comparisons ( n = 7) and were employed in some studies. Follow-up on the influence of the animation was further assessed in a few studies ( n = 3), and missing data were reported in a few studies ( n = 5).

Risk of bias within the studies.

3.5. Attention-Related Factors

Some of the studies reported in this review are solely concentrated on the visual attention of the participant's towards animation ( n = 12). The attention-related factors among these studies are animation's interactive features ( n = 3), intensity ( n = 1), design ( n = 1), motion ( n = 3), sound ( n = 1), annotation ( n = 1), and character ( n = 3). The factors that are insignificant with the viewer's visual attention was animation's color.

In twelve out of thirty-five papers, eye-tracking technology was employed to assess the participants' visual attention to the animation. The pupil movement and fixation time was observed to assess the viewer's attention towards the animation.

3.6. Physical Effects of Animation

Animation has created awareness among adolescents about their body images and provided knowledge about the necessity of physical activity. It also helped women get a detailed report on mammographic procedures without hesitation. Moreover, it also delivered a knowledge on the health issues related to glaucoma.

3.7. Cognitive Effects of Animation

As mentioned earlier, the animation has created some cognitive effects towards infants to adults. The animated ebook has helped the children understand the story's structure and content. Furthermore, animation made it easy to learn the surgical procedures like intercostal drain insertion and suprapubic catheter insertion. Also, the concepts of genetics, such as cell division, mitosis, and meiosis, were presented in animation, and the participant's performance was found to be improved. Moreover, the student's spatial ability and reasoning skills were improved by watching the animation lectures.

4. Discussion

4.1. evidence summary.

From the overall studies, it was evident that the animation was employed in various applications to attract and assess the viewer's attention. Among thirty-five studies, five briefed about the animated characters and one study about the animation motion.

The rest of the studies described the perception of audience towards implementing animation in the following phenomenon: learning skill improvement ( n = 15), teaching strategy ( n = 2), health awareness ( n = 5), advertisement ( n = 3), food marketing ( n = 2), validating hearing aid ( n = 1), and political awareness ( n = 1).

4.2. Limitations and Recommendations

Although the studies reported in this survey showed a significant difference and the hypothesis generated was accepted, some limitations still exist. The common limitations identified in the studies are short period of time for implementation [ 53 ], smaller sample size [ 27 , 37 ], nongeneralizability [ 25 , 27 , 32 , 39 , 53 ], nonrandomization trials [ 52 ], and no control group and post only group [ 45 ]. Few other studies have reported the possibility of cross-contamination among the control and experimental group [ 33 ], increased dropout of participants before completing the post-test questionnaire [ 52 ], and underestimation of participant's knowledge of expressing words which might directly affect the animation [ 57 ].

Arshad et al. [ 44 ] have examined the “Pleasure” as a sole emotional response to describe the pleasure level of human emotion towards the Malaysian animation cartoon characters. In contrast, the PAD (pleasure, arousal, and dominance) model utilized in the study has two other dimensions: arousal and dominance.

The audience could not feel the warmth of the real human character in the animated short film as the animation span is too short [ 48 ]. In another study, there is a possible way for the audience to have different perceptions regarding the meaning of the word “believability.” Moreover, the cat's exaggerated motion alone studied might express the intrinsic characteristics of its particular character design [ 37 ]. While studying the viewer/character relationships, the PSI (parasocial interaction) scores remained low, which may be due to the cause that it features nonhuman characters in all-CGI conditions. At the same time, the other conditions featured only humans [ 25 ].

Some of the typical future recommendations mentioned in the studies are an extension of the study period [ 53 ], increasing the study sample size [ 37 ] and implementing a randomized sample approach from various situations to overcome the limitation of result generalization [ 37 , 52 , 53 ].

The audience's perception of various anthropomorphic animal characters performing various actions in different situations should be examined [ 37 ]. In addition to the animation, the story's narration is more concentrated when designing a storybook app [ 57 ]. Moreover, TV animated cartoons can be designed to attract people with tertiary education for political promotions and political mobilization [ 56 ].

5. Challenges and Open Issues

The challenges and open issues faced by the researchers during the study are elaborated in this section, and it is shown in Figure 5 .

Challenges and open issues.

5.1. Methodological Issues in Data Interpretation

The methodological issues in data interpretation may occur due to animation completion time, fixation duration, and other confounding variables. Fixation duration may be employed to determine the participant's eye or head movements. Mostly eye-tracking devices and gaze movement trackers are utilized for this purpose. Any fault with these devices will affect the data quality, data loss, and data interpretation bias. Li et al. [ 28 ] have suggested that fixation data points showed the preschooler's more significant mobilization and limited processing capacity. Tummeltshammer et al. [ 34 ] have determined the unfiltered eye movement data using SMI's BeGaze analysis software to overcome the error caused by the tracking device or participants in attention.

5.2. Results Generalization Based on Small Sample Sizes

The generalization of results based on small sample sizes may not be appropriate for all the cases. Most of the studies mentioned it as a limitation due to various concerns such as participants' demographical features and socio-economical features. Al-Balushi et al. [ 53 ] have reported improving logical thinking and spatial thinking skills of 12th grade students of Oman. He has also stated that further investigations are required due to the small sample size. Danaei et al. [ 27 ] have reported that the children who read the AR storybook were more confident in retelling and recalling the story.

The specific format or instructions employed in the research can also affect the generalization among the same or different populations. For instance, a specific pedagogical agent format that shows attraction towards the younger population might not show the same effects on adolescents and adults [ 58 ]. Similarly, the instructions designed to visualize in animation may not be appropriate for visualizing the same in real phenomena [ 39 ]. Binder et al. [ 32 ] suggested conducting more eye-tracking experiments with integrated food cues to attract children's attention toward healthy foods.

5.3. Loss of Participants' Data due to the Restless Audience

The audience becomes restless when the study duration is too long. This may be overcome by regular contact with them or follow-up studies. In some cases, participants find it difficult to spare their free time voluntarily. For instance, many students find it difficult to complete the questionnaire in their free time due to the stressful semester [ 52 ]. Sometimes, it is difficult to compel the participants to make things if they are children or infants. Among 39 children, one refused to retell the comprehensive stories learned through animated storybooks, so the corresponding data was removed from the study [ 57 ]. Two children in an experimental group refused to participate during the middle of the study [ 55 ].

In some cases, the data will be collected indirectly through random websites or by issuing pamphlets to random people. For example, Okoro and Onakpa [ 56 ] have collected data from selected towns in North Central Nigeria by issuing 385 copies of the questionnaire. Among these, 2% of the questionnaire were not received due to the restless audience.

5.4. Issues Associated with Calibration

The calibration of devices employed for measuring participants' visual attention plays a vital role in acquiring good quality data and aids in providing a better focus on the participants. Unfortunately, due to poor calibration (> 1) of the eye-tracking device, deviated results were obtained from five children, which may negatively impact the overall results [ 32 ].

5.5. Audience Requiring Assistance

The most important challenge faced in the study is to find the audience who requires assistance to participate in the study. Furthermore, this might help in acquiring better and more appropriate results. For example, Danaei et al. [ 27 ] have identified and helped the children who had struggled to start retelling the story learned through AR story book. And they were encouraged to continue the story.

5.6. Technology Issues and Mechanical Constraints

The technological issues may be caused due to unavoidable faults in the devices employed in the study. Due to this issue, the data points measured will be low, resulting in removing those data points. For example, in a study by Hendrikse et al. [ 43 ], the electrodes reached saturation due to the loose connection in the EOG (electrooculogram) electrodes for some participants. This, in turn, affected the data quality, and the corresponding data point was removed until it was adjusted to drift compensation. Similarly, two children were excluded from the study due to the problem that occurred in the stimulus presentation of fruit and candy [ 32 ].

5.7. Anxiety among Audience

Anxiety among the audience is another challenge faced during experimenting with new ideas. For example, al-Balushi et al. [ 53 ] have attempted to teach the critical concepts of 12th grade chemistry through animation. However, the students facing stressful periods due to the important exam in 12th grade made them anxious about the adoption of new teaching technology, which negatively affected the results. Nevertheless, the study still showed healthier results with improved spatial ability and reasoning skills of those students.

5.8. Maintaining Audience Attention

Another challenge in making animation successful is maintaining the viewer's attention. Attention can be influenced by various factors like animation span, animation intensity, animated character, the motion of the animated character, and sound. Likewise, it may be affected by intervening factors such as restlessness of the audience in the real-time study settings and eye irritation. This situation can be overcome by conducting studies in a silent room where the audience can focus on the visual animation without getting distracted by external factors [ 49 ]. In some cases, the audience may get distracted by the instructions provided in the animation video [ 39 ].

5.9. Issue of Data Quality

One of the significant issues faced while carrying out studies is the quality of data obtained. And it may be influenced by the missing data due to an error in the instruments employed. It can either affect the result or may be corrected. For instance, due to the eye-tracking device's problem, children's eye movements were not clearly captured, which resulted in extremely low fixation time [ 57 ]. Similarly, 31.4% of EOG data were missing due to some error in the device. However, the missing data points are adjusted by entering them as not-a-number in the analysis [ 43 ]. Figure 5 illustrates the open challenges associated with this research.

6. Future Research Directions

The priority areas identified for future research directions are elaborated to strengthen the body of evidence. These include the advanced applications of animations that may make life easier and are listed in Figure 6 and are elaborated below.

Future research directions.

The foremost application could include artificial intelligence (AI) that may generate 3D motion from video without any capture equipment [ 60 ]. The AI and advanced hardware can bring breathing life into animation by blurring the lines between the virtual and real characters. The application of AI into animation has reduced the post-production time, limited the need for character design, and aids in improved lip-syncing [ 61 ]. The explainable AI is an artificial intelligence operation that runs on deep neural networks. The practical applicability and promotion of the AI tool are enhanced by developing computational help [ 62 ]. The major challenges in AI are to succeed explainability in its program, which can be facilitated with animation techniques [ 63 ]. The explainable AI can be adopted in autonomous car decision-making and energy efficiency in smart homes [ 64 ] and medical imaging [ 65 , 66 ]. Meanwhile, generative AI is a machine learning algorithm that can generate new content through text, images, and audio content. In addition, it can generate human-like language output [ 67 ].

Analyzing a large amount of fragmented data can be simplified by converging the big data and augmented analytics. Moreover, it helps to provide simplified statements to the customers in an understandable manner [ 68 ]. The visualization of a large pool of data can be made easier with the help of animation. Moreover, the data visualization can be integrated with augmented and virtual reality [ 69 ]. The big data and augmented analytics play a major role in video gaming. For instance, Pokemon Go is a location-based Japanese video game franchise. This game transforms the gamer's physical location into an augmented world where the characters are superimposed on the reality seen through their mobiles. The Global Positioning System (GPS), a major staple of big data, makes this possible by allowing data collection and storing it upon the crowd-sourced data [ 70 ].

Quantum computing deals with pulling together the theoretical ideas of computer science and fundamental physics. It has been the focus of many large companies such as Google, IBM, and Microsoft. The algorithm created from quantum computing concepts can be employed to design a 3D modeling [ 71 ]. It is based on the qubits that give rise to new logic gates, which enable constructing a new algorithm. However, it is still in its emerging phase, and for future development, it is necessary to overcome the obstacles like decoherence and scalability issues [ 72 ].

The collaboration of robots and machines to perform a day-to-day task will be the perception of the modern era. However, its ethical issues are yet to be analyzed and eradicated [ 73 ]. Internet of Everything (IoE) provides interconnection of physical items to frame an information network that provides smart communication services to the users. The IoE finds applications in the fields like health care, smart grids, smart cities, smart homes, manufacturing, and transport [ 74 ].

Digital twin technology provides a virtual representation of a physical product consisting of information from the product's origin to its life cycle management. The general applicability of the digital twin lies in physical entities like agricultural supply chains, automotive wiring harnesses, smart cars, and farms, and virtual entities like health monitoring and scheduling [ 75 ]. The animation concepts play a vital role in mirroring the design concepts and visualizing them during the conceptual designing stage of the digital twin [ 76 ]. For instance, while designing the speed of the machines, synchronization can be achieved by controlling the rate of animation frames [ 77 ].

Another major industrial revolution is the cyber-physical system (CPS), composed of highly integrated computation, communication, control, and physical elements. The CPS research is emerging in education [ 78 ], agriculture [ 79 ], and manufacturing. For instance, in the manufacturing sector, the CPS may bridge the gap between design and manufacturing [ 80 ]. It extends the manufacturing process with a communication interface that mimics the worker assistance system. Furthermore, the animation is used to assist the operation flow of instruments in the worker assistance system [ 81 ]. However, the CPS development is still in the embryonic stage as it faces challenges such as security, privacy, efficiency, and interoperability [ 82 ].

The interaction and fusion between the physical space and virtual space are facilitated with the advancements in the 3R technology (virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR)). The VR is a simulated environment designed in real time using computer graphics and pictures of the scene in 3D. It will immerse the viewer into the virtual environment, closing them completely away from the outside world. Meanwhile, AR is an interactive environment that is designed by increasing this fusion between the physical and virtual space. The viewers can interact with the animated data and instructional information superimposed over the real-world view through devices such as mobile phones or tablets. At the same time, the MR simulation environment is designed from the fusion of real-world and virtual space comprising the co-existence interaction of physical objects and digital objects. Two or more viewers can be networked together in a virtual environment where they can interact with computer-generated objects on the real world [ 83 , 84 ]. In recent span, the AR, VR and MR applications have been widely used in health-care monitoring [ 84 , 85 ], clinical applications in oral and maxillofacial surgery [ 86 , 87 ], improvising nursing skills [ 52 ], and enhanced teaching strategy [ 27 ].

7. Conclusions

This paper highlighted a systematic review of 35 publications about animation's importance and its impact on viewer's visual attention and cognition. These publications were collected from 2015 to 2021 and are grouped into 3 categories. The risk of bias in the study design carried out in these publications was briefed. The attention-related factors such as animation motion, animated character, color, and intensity were assessed in the field of food marketing, teaching, entertainment, and advertisement. The animation motion and animated character are significant, whereas color and intensity are insignificant. The cognitive effects developed in the viewers are executive function, comprehension, spatial ability, and symbolic mediation. Meanwhile, the physical effects included confidence in their own body image and the importance of physical exercise. The limitations and recommendations associated with these 35 publications were elaborated. Also, the open challenges and issues under each category were summarized. The identified future research directions ideas may further strengthen the necessity for improving the visual quality of the animation.

The major limitation of this study is that the recently published articles were not included (i.e., publications in 2022). Several important animation research fields, such as gaming, medical, and entertainment, were not covered in this paper. Future research should include the recently published articles to enhance the quality and validate the findings in this study. In addition, the future study focuses on assessing the influence of animation motion and animated characters on the viewer's visual attention.

Data Availability

Conflicts of interest.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper.

• Second Opinion

Screen Time and Children

As children grow and develop, they can be easily influenced by what they see and hear, especially from digital media. Digital media can include TV, the internet, and smart devices. Some programs can be educational. But many children watch too much digital media. Many programs can show children violent behavior that you don't want them to imitate, or that can cause fear. Digital media may also show children poor eating habits through commercials for high-calorie, low-nutrient foods. Too much screen time can also take away from reading, studying, learning activities, play, and exercise. Digital media can also show alcohol and drug use, smoking, and sexual behavior. Your child may see these things before they are emotionally ready to understand these issues. And before they can make good decisions.

As a parent, you can help decrease the harmful effects of digital media. You can monitor the type of programming and limit your child's screen time. Here are some tips for setting good viewing habits:

Choose programs for your child to watch. Always plan what your child will be watching. Don't turn on a viewing device randomly. Give choices between 2 programs you think are appropriate for your child.

Limit screen time to 1 or 2 hours a day for children older than 2 years. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children younger than 2 years should not watch digital media.

Turn to educational shows from the local Public Broadcasting Station (PBS), or from programming such as the Discovery Channel, Learning Channel, or History Channel.

Watch programs with your child. Talk about what happened on the show. Talk about what was good or bad about the program. Talk about the difference between reality and make-believe.

Turn off the TV or other device if the program is something you believe your child should not see.

Don't assume all cartoons are acceptable and appropriate. Many cartoons contain violence.

Many daytime programs such as soap operas and talk shows are not appropriate for children.

Be a good example to your child by not watching too much TV or digital media yourself. Limit your own screen time. Be involved in other activities, especially reading. Read to your child.

Encourage play and exercise for your child. Plan other fun activities for your child, so he or she has choices instead of screen time.

Limit screen time as a reward for good behavior. Try a trip to the park, a festival, playground, or a visit to a relative's or friend's house instead.

Don't allow screen time during meals.

Related Links

• General Pediatrics
• Eyes & Vision
• Adolescent Medicine
• Let Your Children Raise Their Kids
• What is Autism Spectrum Disorder?

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The benefits of watching tv with young children.

Screen time can be a valuable learning experience if you watch actively together

Writer: Juliann Garey

Clinical Experts: Matthew H. Rouse, PhD , Catherine Steiner-Adair, EdD

What You'll Learn

• What are the benefits of watching TV with children?
• How can parents help kids learn from watching TV?
• What are some ways to use TV shows to start conversations with kids?

As parents, we have come to think that all TV is bad for kids. But experts have found there are benefits of watching TV if parents watch with their kids and talk about what they’re watching.

When it comes to educational shows like Sesame Street, watching with your child can help them learn more. Young kids learn from lots of back-and-forth interactions. So, asking your child about what they’re watching (and answering their questions) increases learning.

This can be true even when the show is not educational or even very good. A lot of shows use stereotypes like the “nerd” or the “dumb blonde girl.” When kids watch alone, they’re more likely to accept these ideas about people as true. But when parents watch with school-aged kids and point out these stereotypes, it teaches kids to question them. If you see someone in a show treating another person badly, hit pause. Then ask your child what they would do if they saw someone being mean like that or if someone was mean to them that way.

Starting to watch TV together when kids are young makes watching together both normal and fun. It also sets up a precedent that screen time is something that kids and parents share. That norm can be valuable as kids get older and might resist parents checking on what they’re watching.

Watching TV together can even be a way of bonding as a family. By asking kids open-ended questions about the show (“What would you do if that happened to you?”) or commenting on what you see (“She couldn’t tell her parents, but I hope you would tell us”), parents can make watching together into quality time for everyone.

As parents, we have come to think that screen time is bad for young children — or maybe that it’s an inescapable evil. We feel guilty about letting them watch what we fear is too much or the wrong kind of TV and other electronic media . But there’s a mounting body of evidence that if you are actually watching along with your preschool or elementary school-aged child, screen time might not be that bad. On the contrary, as long as you are an active participant, it can have multiple beneficial effects.

Enhancing learning from screen time

Learning for young children is driven by human interactions, explains Shelley Pasnik, director of the Center for Children & Technology. She leads a team that studies how the thoughtful use of technology can enhance learning. “What young kids need are a lot of experiences that are built on contingency, so a child does something and an adult says something in response. It’s a back-and-forth,” she says. It’s important that kids know what they do has an effect. “And they’re going to get a response.”

This kind of back-and-forth is called contingent engagement, and it’s something that can happen with a screen if a parent is participating. As a result, The American Academy of Pediatrics has dialed back its “no screens” policy for very young kids. “But,” says Pasnik, “it’s not just, okay, now everyone let your kids watch TV, you know, without the social component. It’s that social relationship that is so, so crucial. It’s less the relationship between the kid and the screen and instead it’s the child and the parent.”

Pasnik’s research has shown that when kids watch shows like PBS’s Peg + Cat, which teaches early math skills, with parents or caregivers they retain significantly more than when they watch alone. “The more parents were involved and used the strategies, the more likely kids were going to experience the benefits of the media,” she notes.

Watching media together also gives parent and child a shared language with which to communicate when they’re not watching, explains Matt Rouse, PhD, a clinical psychologist. “By really being involved you can get more mileage out of those lessons and adapt and use it in everyday life.”

It’s the same reason why psychologists doing cognitive behavioral training with young children include parents. “We have parents join our sessions so that they’re using the same terms for things,” says Dr. Rouse. “Then they can use that language outside in the world so that everything comes together more seamlessly.”

Encouraging active viewing

Adults, Pasnik says, can play an important role in modeling “active viewing” — that is, encouraging kids to actively engage with the content they’re seeing on screens. “Parents talking about what they’re seeing either during the experience or afterwards can be important. We’re constantly translating and interpreting what we see on a screen or a particular device so the more an adult can encourage conversation around that experience the deeper the experience becomes.”

S trategies that actively engage young children during screen time include asking open-ended questions. “Just encouraging conversation, to begin with,” she explains, “and also knowing to pause play, for example to ask questions, to get kids thinking about what they saw.”

Dr. Rouse has actually prescribed the “active viewing” of baseball games as a way of creating a closer connection within one of the families that he works with. “You don’t normally think of watching TV as ‘quality’ time,” says Dr. Rouse, “but here we’re looking for opportunities for this father to just get more one-on-one time with his son,”. Kids don’t necessarily respond well if a parent says, “Okay, turn off the TV. Let’s spend some time together.” But, says Dr. Rouse, “he could use it as an opportunity to kind of join the child in what he’s doing — make it an active process where you’re commenting on things together or even asking questions, like, ‘Oh, hey, catch me up. What’s going on here?’ ” So it’s less about what’s on the TV screen and becomes more of an interactive, social experience between parent and child.

The phenomenon has been so carefully studied that clinicians actually have a term for watching TV with your kid: It’s called co-viewing. “Co-viewing means you’re watching the same show. Your eyes are on the same screen,” explains Catherine Steiner-Adair, EdD, clinical psychologist, school consultant, author of The Big Disconnect and a research associate at the Harvard Medical School. “If you DVRed it or whatever you can push pause and say why did she just do that? Or say ‘Do you think this is what it takes to be popular? If someone said that to you, what do you think you’d do? I’d be scared,’ ” she says.

Dr. Steiner-Adair notes that it’s important not to lecture. “You don’t want to be saying, ‘Don’t ever let anybody talk to you like that!’ You can’t be too intense. Instead, Dr. Steiner-Adair suggests that parents practice role-playing with children:

“What would you say?”

“What could you say?”

“What should she have said?”

“I hope you’ll come tell us if anything like that happens.”

“She couldn’t tell her parents. I hope you’ll tell us.”

All of these are part of the open-ended question strategies of co-viewing. “You just want to put in those messages,” Dr. Steiner-Adair advises. “None of that happens if they’re in their room watching it by themselves.”

Helping kids learn to self-regulate

  Making sure that your child is watching programs that teach the kinds of lessons you’d like your child to learn is another strong argument for co-watching. As kids get a little older, they begin to reflect on the behavior and decisions of characters on shows they watch, Pasnik says. “To go back to Peg + Cat, for example, it’s not just that kids are learning ordinal numbers and recognizing shapes. They’re also seeing how the lead character, Peg, deals with frustration when she is challenged in the way she approaches a problem. She counts backwards, you know, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1.”.

What Peg is doing is demonstrating emotional self-regulation , modeling for kids how to manage strong feelings. “We heard back from parents that kids are relating to that character not just at the mathematical level but they’re also picking up that same technique of self-regulation.”

When parents watch with their kids they can use strategies on the shows in the real world to coach kids on emotional regulation. It’s good for parent and child to be working from the same playbook. And PBS kids programming is crafted, with adds Dr. Rouse, “forty years of research on child development and the effect of different kinds of media on child development.”

Pointing out stereotypes

Geoffrey Perry, a fifth grade teacher at The Dalton School in Manhattan, sheepishly admits that he and his husband Gary have let their son Anthony watch cartoons on his iPad since he was little. “We had to get to work really early and he was really difficult to motivate and get dressed and get fed before we had to take him to daycare and then kindergarten and school,” Perry explains. “So the deep dark pact we made with the devil was to let him watch a cartoon on his iPad, and that was like his morning cup of coffee. And so I’m watching with him while I’m making breakfast and having my coffee.”

Anthony’s secret vice was a Barbie cartoon. “They sort of poke fun at the whole Barbie thing. They make fun of the fact that they can never can wear flats and that she’s had like 75,000 careers and no one knows her age,” says Perry. But Perry also found that he could talk to Anthony about the messaging in the show. “I’m always asking questions so that he sees some of the stereotypes and some of the sexist stuff that’s being said. Some of the soft cue sexism that he might unconsciously pick up.”

These days Anthony has graduated to sit-coms — mostly, says Perry, the Disney kind where you can “pretty much pull the standard characters off the shelf. There’s the geeky nerd — usually Asian or Indian — there’s always some sassy black girl, there’s always some ditzy blonde girl. And we do talk about those things. You know, ‘Why is the smart one always Indian and Asian?’ ” Anthony is not allowed to watch in his room or alone for that matter. “There’s always interaction while he’s watching,” Perry says.

Co-viewing from a relatively young age also sets up a precedent that screen time is something that kids and parents share — a precedent that can be valuable when kids get near adolescence, and could be resistant to sudden parental intrusion into their programing.

Frequently Asked Questions

Experts have found there are benefits to parents watching TV with their child and talking about what they’re watching.

When it comes to educational shows like Sesame Street, the benefit of watching TV with your child is that it can help them learn more. Young kids learn from lots of back-and-forth interactions. So, asking your child about what they’re watching (and answering their questions) increases learning.

Parents can help kids benefit from watching TV even when the show is not good. A lot of shows use stereotypes like the “nerd” or the “dumb blonde girl.” When kids watch alone, they’re more likely to accept these ideas. But when parents watch with them and point out stereotypes, it teaches kids to question them.

Watching TV with kids can be a way of bonding. By asking kids open-ended questions about the show (“What would you do if that happened to you?”) or commenting on what you see (“She couldn’t tell her parents, but I hope you would tell us”), parents can turn watching TV together into quality time.

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2D Animation , 3D Animation

11 benefits of animation for kids & adults you may not have thought about.

Table of Contents

Children spend around 6 hours a day watching TV and behind their computers or on smartphones, and when they’re really young, cartoons are the only source of entertainment for them.

Parents might put their kids behind a screen to take a break or finish a task. Plus, watching TV has proved to be a great way to get children to finish their meals. Sometimes, they happily sit down with their little ones and watch their favorite shows with them.

Because who’s really to say that animation and cartoons are only for kids ?

Entertainment aside, there seems to be more to animation for viewers than moving pictures. It’s a limitless medium for imagination, after all, so how can it benefit kids and adults?

Brace yourself as we take a gentle stroll down ‘benefit avenue’ and answer some of the most-related questions to kids’ cartoons and screen time in this article.

Benefits of Animation for Kids

Before naming the benefits of animations and cartoons, let’s keep in mind that, first and foremost, it’s the family that shapes the child’s psychology. The cognitive, relational, educational , and psychological influence of school comes second . The environment and economic situation also contribute to how a child’s brain and mentality develop. Then comes the TV and other screens with bursts of light, fast color changes, and movements.

Watching cartoons inspire kids to dance and to talk in a new, imaginative language only known to them. It has been found that cartoons affect 78% of children , and more than half of them also change their behavior and language after watching animation.

Related article Psychology of animated movies and cartoons for children and adults

It’s very important that the child receives positive messages and correctly adopts them.

They will take notes and learn what to do from cartoons; if the cartoon teaches good things like how to be nice to other people, love oneself, get interested in sports, aim high and believe in your dreams, or even personal hygiene or how to tie a rope, then they’re learning good things.

Moreover, people watch characters closely and could form biases about those in action movies or series. But cartoons make a sad or violent theme that children need to learn at some time or another less intimidating as animation, in general, can tenderize this effect as animated characters tend to make us feel like we’re them.

The following are some of the other benefits of animation for kids:

1. Learning Head Start 

They’ll start learning at some point, right?

Younger children learn new sounds, shapes, languages, and colors with the help of cartoons. This positively benefits their cognitive abilities.

As a language teacher of 10+ years, I can’t think of a better way than Cartoon Network. Those students who watched this channel had a superior level of English language than others. That’s why I say:

Animation should be a staple in every classroom.

2. Brain Growth

Watching cartoons awakens children’s artistic side and drives them toward analytical thinking and problem-solving. Because stories have the power to make the context of problems more meaningful to learners.

Just like real-life movements, animation teaches kids that time exists and that life’s a sequence of transitions. It reminds them that physics has an effect on weight and direction in the universe and that nothing in the real world simply switches on and off. There’s always movement in between, sometimes in subtle ways.

3. Improve Self-Confidence

Children get immersed in the worlds depicted in cartoons. Since most shows star heroic protagonists, kids’ brains are embedded with how they always find a way to overcome obstacles. Take Dory , for example; she’s a blue fish who can remember things only for as long as 30 seconds. However, her sheer determination to “keep swimming,” her positivity, optimism, magical and “different” way of seeing the world, and willingness to help others is something all kids, those with disabilities in particular, can learn from and keep moving forward in life.

4. Life Lessons

Yes yes. We’ve experienced plenty of ups and downs as adults, and the idea that animated movies “teach” us new life lessons might sound somewhat unlikely. But we forget the most trivial things.

We were told thousands of times to believe in ourselves, but Kung Fu Panda tells it with a lovely, round panda that everyone, especially children, wants to hear again. Or Watching Woody and Buzz’s friendship in Toy Story reminds us of our own friends and entice the feeling of checking on friends we’ve lost touch with while Wall-E jogs on our memories about the importance of taking care of our planet.

5. Motivate Students

With 40 percent of people responding better to visual information over text, infographics, and whiteboards can facilitate learning for students, hence motivating them to learn more. They provide a guided tour and keep the learners pinned throughout the video. Learners love whiteboard animation because, for them, it’s like when the teacher explains and writes on the board in real time.

What’s more, certain points can be highlighted with music, sound effects, and movement, something that can’t be done through plain text.

6. Role Models 

Cartoons often feature characters who embody positive values, such as kindness, honesty, and respect. These characters can serve as role models for children and inspire them to adopt similar values in their own lives. Loved by many, especially girls, Elsa from Disney’s Frozen learns to embrace her powers and become a strong, confident queen who puts her kingdom and her loved ones first.

Benefits of Animation for Adults

With cable losing its viewers, streaming platforms have taken over the market of animated videos for adults, making them arguably the fastest-growing animation category. You might be surprised to find out how many adults watch Cartoon Network:

1. Stress Reliever

People watch movies and cartoons to get away from daily anxiety. Who can blame them? Animation’s an outlet for our emotions, and it’s great at taking the stress away and making us feel less lonely.

Plus, it’s commonly known that laughter has numerous positive effects on our bodies. One particular study suggests that laughter:

• Stimulates many organs
• Activates and relieves our stress response
• Soothes tension
• Improves our immune system
• Relieves pain
• Increases personal satisfaction
• Improves our mood

2. Creativity Boost

Due to its unlimited room for maneuvering and expressing complex ideas, animation encourages everyone to think outside the box. The arty types, animators, graphic designers, and casual viewers can all get new ideas and expand their imaginations to tell abstract stories. It introduces us to magical worlds and universes we never thought our imagination could travel to!

3. Relive Memories

Animated videos of any kind ( animated ads , series , video game trailers , etc.) have the ability to elicit nostalgia because when we were kids, we spent most of our time watching cartoons and kids shows. So it’s a familiar sight to adults.

Now, all it takes is a second of the opening music of a show to take us back to those days and how it felt to be free of responsibilities, just watching cartoons! That aside, it’s in the nature of animated movies to incorporate nostalgic themes. Pixar Studios’ Inside Out is an excellent example of the emotions we experienced when we were younger, making it enjoyable for both kids and adults.

4. Marketing Miracle 

When speaking of animation’s utility in marketing, it’s only mandatory to mention animated commercials and their unbelievable power to step up your marketing game . They can handle comprehensive topics, create a loyal customer base, and make a brand recognizable and memorable while being cost-effective and easy to share and edit.

The average American sees somewhere between 4,000-10,000 ads each day , and judging by the fact that we perceive 80% of information visually, marketers have shifted towards video material to get in on the fight for eyeballs. What’s more, SmartInsights says that animated content grabs consumers’ attention in less than 1/10th of a second!

5. More Family Time

Sadly, the hectic life of adults drifts families apart. Watching something that the whole family can enjoy makes room for all the members to get with each other and spend some quality time with each other.

Here are some of the benefits of watching an animation or a family movie as a family:

• Encourages family bonding and communication : Watching TV as a family can lead to shared experiences and memories, as well as opportunities for parents to chat with their children about what they’re seeing. This can aid in the improvement of family connections and communication abilities.
• Improves empathy and emotional intelligence : Animated shows frequently feature characters with diverse backgrounds and personalities, which help develop empathy and emotional intelligence in both children and adults.
• Offers entertainment and relaxation : Viewing television as a family is a pleasant and relaxing way to unwind after a busy day or week.
• Educational gains: Many animated shows for kids teach them key lessons and abilities, including problem-solving, teamwork, and social skills.

Related Questions to Kids’ Safety and Screen Time (FAQs)

We’ve learned that the advantages of animation for kids and adults are many. However, it’s comprehensible some parents may be worried about the dangers of too much screen time. We hope this small section helps lessen their worries:

1. It provides kids with a basis for learning 2. It enhances their problem-solving techniques 3. It improves their self-confidence 4. It motivates students and learners 5. It teaches children valuable life lessons 6. It introduces them to positive role models

1. It relieves them from stress and anxiety 2. It helps with marketing 3. It gives them a creativity boost 4. It lets grown-ups relive old memories 5. It makes room for more family time

According to the Centers for Decease Control and Prevention, the appropriate amount of screen time for different age groups is as follows: • 8-10 years old: 6 hours • 11-14 years old: 9 hours • 15-18 years old: 9 and 1/2 hours

Allen Rafiee

Allen is the Senior blog writer at Dream Farm Studios. In the five years he has been writing for startups and big companies, he challenged himself to learn all he could about digital marketing and finally became a key member of the Marcom team. When he's not doing all of that, you can find him teaching different languages, learning new recipes, and watching cool documentaries about, well, anything!

• 3D ANIMATION STUDIO
• 2D ANIMATION STUDIO
• ANIMATED COMMERCIAL
• ANIMATED SERIES
• GAME TRAILER
• CHARACTER DESIGN
• BRAND CHARACTER DESIGN
• IP GENERATION
• SCRIPT DOCTOR
• SCRIPT WRITING
• SCRIPT CONSULTANT

Pros and cons of letting your child watch tv

Last updated: January 25, 2024

Healthy screen time

As parents of a growing child, at many times you’ll need to weigh up the good and the bad impacts of particular situations for your child. One such situation will likely arise when your child starts to watch television (TV) or other devices involving screen time.

In this article we offer information to help you decide on screen time, and some tips you may want to consider for healthier viewing.

Advantages and disadvantages

• Watching educational shows can be both entertaining and teach children about things such as letters and numbers (think of classics such as Sesame Street and Play School).
• Shows about wildlife and natural environments can be a great source of knowledge for the child. Even if they don’t understand what’s happening, they may be fascinated by seeing the wildlife and it might make them more aware of the world around them.
• Some shows teach children about different people, cultures, and places. They give children exposure to other parts of the world we live in, and things that they might not otherwise come across.
• Television can be a good way to introduce your child to sports, be it cricket or soccer or table tennis. This can be a good topic for conversation with pre-schoolers. You can tell them about interesting facts related to different sports or sportspeople and they have the opportunity to learn about the rules of the game, which can transfer into their own play.
• Feel-good shows can offer an opportunity for your child to de-stress. While you may think that children don’t stress, they can feel anxious when separated from parents for child care, or when they lose someone close (a pet or a grandparent), or they see big changes at home (e.g. moving house etc.).
• TV, and other devices are inexpensive sources of entertainment. The colourful images and the sounds can appeal to children and engage them.

Disadvantages:

• Some research shows that watching shows has no educational benefits for children under 24 months of age. Watching TV could divert them from activities that help brain development.
• Watching screens can be addictive, and parents can struggle to entice children to play in other ways.
• Watching screens for long periods of time can lead to difficulties falling asleep, disturbed sleep patterns and other health issues.
• Care needs to be taken with age appropriate content in television shows, games and advertisements –your child could view inappropriate content that is of a violent or sexual nature.
• Children may adore, discuss and imitate characters from shows or games, and not all behaviours may be good influences on your child.
• Some experts believe that long hours of watching screens interferes with a child’s speech development.
• As watching screens tends to not involve any physical activity, some experts feel that long hours of screen time can lead to childhood obesity.
• Advertising can have a huge impact on children, and they may start pestering you and others for things they see advertised on television. Such as the latest toy or sugary food.
• Watching screens for long periods of time may have a negative effect on your child’s eye development.
• If a child prefers watching a screen than socialising or playing with friends or peers, it may impact their social development.

Advice for parents:

• Try to delay introducing television and other screens to your child. It is recommended that children under 24 months should not be exposed to any screen time .
• Try not to use a screen as a source of ‘babysitting’ or distraction for your child.
• Supervise your child when they are watching or using television or other devices, to ensure age appropriate content is being viewed or played.
• Watch television shows and view games before your child does to ensure the content is suitable.
• Use a parental control tool to block access to programs or games that you think may be unsuitable for your child.
• Limit television and other screen time to less than an hour a day.
• Read to your child or get them to read before bedtime, instead of letting them watch a screen or television. Putting them into a bed time routine helps them to settle for the evening and prepare them for sleep.
• Watch television with your child and engage them in conversation during breaks. This will help you build a connection with them, and develop their conversation skills.
• Don’t let television viewing replace your child’s other activities and outdoor play.
• Use television to teach your child about advertising as an entertaining feature that doesn’t always present true information.
• Be a role model as your child learns from what they see. Switching off your mobile phone during meal-times and making sure you don’t watch television or use other devices for long hours, models healthy screen time habits.

• Essay On Advantages And Disadvantages Of Television

Essay on Advantages and Disadvantages of Television

500+ words essay on advantages and disadvantages of television.

In today’s world, communication is a crucial aspect of life. Technological advancements made communication more accessible and cheaper. Among all the communication devices such as smartphones, radios, and emails, television is the prominent and common medium for communication. We get to see television in every household. It is an integral part of our society that significantly impacts our social, educational, and cultural life. It reaches a mass audience and provides information about the daily happenings in the world. Furthermore, it is a common source of entertainment among family members.

John Logie Baird invented the television in the 1920s. The word “tele” means distance, and “vision” means to see, which means to watch it from a distance. When television was invented, it showed only pictures of low resolution. But, later on, televisions were modified with the latest technologies. Televisions that we purchase today come with multiple features. We can connect our phone, laptop, tab, and internet access various online apps, HD/UHD quality pictures, 4k-8k resolutions, etc.

We can also watch various educational channels on television. It also keeps us updated by providing news about the world through different news channels. Along with information, it also entertains us with movies, serials, dramas, reality shows, music channels, yoga channels, etc.

So, having a television at home seems to be a great advantage, but the disadvantages are also threatening. The time it consumes from our day-to-day life is more. You can see people going out of routine or postponing schedules if they become addicted to watching television.

Here, in the essay, we will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of watching television.

Advantages of Television

Television comes with enormous advantages. The most important is it gives us information about current affairs and events across the globe. This information is broadcasted through various news channels, which helps us to keep ourselves updated about recent happenings. It also shares information about multiple programmes or facilities launched by the government. The government also take the help of news channels to communicate with the mass.

We can watch daily soaps, reality shows, music channels, movies, etc. We can also watch food channels and try out recipes at home. During the morning time, if you switch on the television, you will get to watch telemarketing ads. Specific channels broadcast only ads for multiple products, and people can also buy them.

Children can watch various cartoons on the television. Some cartoons teach children about moral values and lessons. It also keeps us informed about the economic condition and the stock market. We also get to watch various fashion shows and keep updated about the latest trends on television.

Earlier, television was costly, but now it comes at an affordable price with multiple features. Now, we get the option to subscribe to our favourite channels and only need to pay for those channels. Educational programmes are also available on television. We can also watch live cricket shows and cheer for our country. Television also telecasts interviews of various political leaders, celebrities, influencers, famous personalities, etc. We can also gain knowledge by watching various quiz programmes.

Television provides opportunities to spend time with our family and friends. We can enjoy watching a movie together. Various channels telecast comedy shows that help us keep positivity in our lives. We also watch movies in different regional languages like Tamil, Kannada, Telugu, etc. It helps us connect with people from diverse backgrounds.

Nowadays, we can also play games on the television and watch agricultural programmes specially designed for the farmers. It promotes national integration.

Disadvantages of Television

There are advantages of watching television, but it also comes with disadvantages. Watching too much TV affects our mental and physical health. When we watch television continuously, it affects our eyes and makes us lazy. Even there are some programmes which are not suitable for kids. We even compromise our sleep to watch TV. Children lose their concentration on their studies by watching too much television. Children prefer to watch TV over reading books to spend their leisure time.

Conclusion of Essay on Advantages and Disadvantages of Television

There are advantages and disadvantages of television. If television is helpful, it is harmful too. One should not watch television excessively.

We hope you found this essay on the advantages and disadvantages of television helpful. Check BYJU’S for more such CBSE Essays on different topics. You can also find CBSE study materials and resources for Classes 1 to 12.

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To Watch or to Read: The Great Debate of Books vs. Movies

The debate between books vs. movies has been raging for decades. Some people prefer the immersive experience of reading a good book, while others enjoy the visual and auditory spectacle of a blockbuster movie. While both mediums have their own unique advantages and disadvantages, there is no denying that they both offer a powerful and engaging way to tell a story.

In this article, we will explore the pros and cons of both books and movies and delve into the reasons why some people prefer one medium over the other. We will also examine the impact that film adaptations have had on the literary world, and how books and movies have influenced and inspired each other over the years.

Through this exploration, we hope to provide a better understanding of the book vs. movie debate and help readers decide which medium they prefer. Whether you’re a die-hard bookworm or a film buff, there’s no denying that both books and movies have a place in our cultural landscape. So sit back, relax, and join us as we explore the great debate of book vs. movie.

Book Vs Movie: Compare And Contrast

Books vs. movies: The age-old debate. Here’s a chart summarizing the key differences between books and movies:

These are just a few of the many differences between books and movies, and there is no right or wrong choice when it comes to deciding which medium you prefer. It ultimately comes down to personal preference and what you enjoy most in a story.

The Advantages of Reading a Book Over Watching a Movie

Books and movies are two very different forms of media. While movies can be visually stunning and entertaining, books offer a deeper, more immersive experience that simply can’t be replicated on the big screen. In this section, we’ll explore some of the key advantages of reading a book over watching a movie and find out the reasons why good books are better than movies.

Reading a book offers a more immersive experience than a movie, as it allows readers to delve deeper into the story and form a stronger connection to the characters. With more extensive descriptions of people, places, and events, readers can visualize the story in their own way and bring their own experiences and perspectives to the reading experience. This personal connection is not possible with a movie, which visualizes the story for the viewer.

Reading also has cognitive benefits, improving memory, focus, and concentration, as readers actively process and make connections between story elements. Additionally, reading expands vocabulary and language skills, exposing readers to a wider range of words and sentence structures.

While movies have their own unique advantages, such as a cinematic experience and visual and auditory stimulation, reading a book offers a deeper, more engaging experience that cannot be matched by any other medium. Overall, the benefits of reading make it an essential and highly rewarding activity.

The Advantages of Watching a Movie Over Reading a Book

While there are numerous advantages to reading a book, there are also many reasons why watching a movie can be a more enjoyable and fulfilling experience. In this section, we’ll explore some of the key advantages of watching a movie over reading a book and find out the reasons why movies are better than books.

Movies have a distinct advantage over books due to their visual medium, which can create stunning visuals, deliver visceral impacts, and transport viewers to different worlds. Movies are also more convenient than books, as they require less time and effort to enjoy. Additionally, movies are accessible to a broader audience, including young children and those with limited literacy skills. 

Finally, movies offer a shared experience that can bond friends and family and create lasting memories. While books offer a deeper, more immersive experience and can improve cognitive functioning and language skills, movies should not be overlooked. Movies are an essential and valuable part of our culture, and their unique advantages should be appreciated.

The Importance of Originality: The Book vs. Movie Debate

The importance of originality is a crucial factor in the debate of book vs. movie. Books and movies require originality to stand out in their respective mediums. 

In books, originality is crucial to the success of the story, as readers are looking for something new and fresh. Authors who can deliver original and compelling stories are more likely to attract a loyal following of readers. 

On the other hand, movies need to offer something unique and different from what has come before to succeed in a crowded marketplace. Audiences want to be entertained and challenged, to see something they haven’t seen before. The challenge lies in adapting a book for the screen, as movies need to capture the essence of the original story while also offering something new and original to viewers. A successful movie adaptation captures the spirit of the original story while also offering something fresh and unique to the audience. 

Overall, originality is crucial for both books and movies to be successful and memorable.

The Impact of Film Adaptations on Book Sales

Film adaptations of books have become common in the entertainment industry, and their impact on book sales is significant. A successful movie adaptation can result in a surge of book sales and increased attention for the author. However, a poorly received adaptation can damage the reputation of the source material and turn potential readers away. 

The impact of film adaptations on book sales can also vary depending on the genre of the book , with young adult novels having a particularly strong impact. A successful adaptation can also lead to increased interest in the author and their other works. 

Nonetheless, the relationship between books and movies is complex, and a delicate balance must be struck between staying true to the source material and offering something new and original. 

Despite the challenges, it is clear that the relationship between books and movies is important, with each medium having the potential to influence and enhance the other.

Comparing the Popularity of Books and Movies: A Statistical Analysis

This section explores the popularity of books and movies by analyzing sales figures and audience engagement. 

According to the Association of American Publishers, book sales in the US reached $25.8 billion in 2020, while global box office revenue for movies was $42.2 billion in 2019. However, these figures are not necessarily indicative of overall popularity, as the success of a book or movie can depend on various factors such as genre and marketing. 

In terms of audience engagement, a survey by the Pew Research Center found that 65% of American adults reported reading a book in print or digital format in 2019, while data from the Motion Picture Association shows that the average US moviegoer attended about 5 movies in theaters in 2019 . 

Nonetheless, it is important to note that reading books and watching movies are not mutually exclusive activities, and personal preference and taste play a significant role in determining the popularity of these two forms of entertainment. 

Ultimately, both books and movies have the potential to provide enjoyable and meaningful experiences for viewers and readers alike.

Why Some Movies Fail to Capture the Essence of the Book

Movie adaptations of books often face challenges in capturing the essence of the original work. The biggest challenge is condensing the story into a shorter running time, which can result in a movie that feels rushed or incomplete, with important plot points or character development left out. 

Another challenge is finding the right tone and style, as books can be written in a variety of styles, from lyrical and poetic to straightforward and simple. Filmmakers may make changes to the story or characters that alter the tone or style of the original work, resulting in a movie that feels different from the book. Inner thoughts and emotions, which are extensively described in books, can be difficult to convey visually, leading to clunky or awkward voiceovers or other techniques. 

Lastly, some movies fail to capture the essence of the book simply because they are not faithful to the original work, as filmmakers may make changes that are not in line with the author’s vision.

Overall, adapting a book to a movie is a challenging task that requires balancing various elements such as condensing the story, finding the right tone, conveying inner experiences, and staying faithful to the original work. However, when done well, a movie adaptation can provide a fresh perspective on a beloved story and introduce new audiences to the world of the book.

How Movies Can Enhance or Detract from the Reading Experience

Movies can impact the experience of reading books in both positive and negative ways. While a well-made movie adaptation can bring a story to life in a new way and provide new insights into the characters and settings, it can also limit your imagination and leave out important details or changes that affect the overall meaning of the story

A movie adaptation can enhance the reading experience by providing a visual representation of the story and bringing new nuances to the characters and events. On the other hand, movies can detract from the reading experience by limiting the reader’s imagination and leaving out important details or changing aspects of the story that affect its overall meaning. When a movie adaptation leaves out a key subplot or character, the story may feel incomplete, and if it changes the ending of the story, it can alter the entire meaning of the book. 

Ultimately, the decision to read a book or watch a movie adaptation is a personal one and depends on the individual’s preferences and the specific book and movie in question.

Does Reading the Book First Ruin the Movie Experience?

The debate over whether reading the book before watching the movie adaptation ruins the movie experience has been ongoing. Some people believe that knowing the story beforehand takes away the suspense and surprises that make movies enjoyable, while others argue that reading the book first enhances the movie experience. 

Those against reading the book first argue that it takes away from the suspense and surprise of the movie and leads to constant comparison with the book. However, reading the book first can also provide a deeper understanding of the story and characters, making the story more meaningful and impactful. It can also help fill in gaps that are often left out in the movie adaptation. Movies have to condense the story, leaving out important details or subplots, which can leave viewers feeling confused or unsatisfied. 

Ultimately, whether reading the book first ruins the movie experience is a matter of personal preference. It’s up to the individual to decide whether they want to read the book first or wait to see the movie without any prior knowledge of the story.

The Role of Directors and Screenwriters in Adapting Books for Film

Adapting a book into a film is a challenging task that requires a skilled director and screenwriter to bring the story to life on the big screen. They must carefully decide which elements of the book should be included in the movie, considering the pacing, structure, characters, and motivations, to ensure that the movie stays true to the spirit of the book while also being entertaining for moviegoers. Without understanding the psychology of movie watchers, a movie hardly gets success at the box office. The tone and mood of the book must also be captured in the movie adaptation, which can be particularly challenging when adapting books known for their unique style or voice.

Practical constraints of the movie medium must also be considered, such as deciding which scenes and characters can realistically be portrayed on screen and which elements of the story may need to be altered or omitted to fit within the constraints of the movie format.

The success of a movie adaptation depends on the skill and creativity of the director and screenwriter, who must work together to craft a cinematic experience that stays true to the book while also being engaging for moviegoers. When done well, a movie adaptation can bring a beloved book to life in a new and exciting way, creating a powerful and memorable cinematic experience.

The Future of Books and Movies: Will One Outlast the Other?

The future of books and movies is uncertain, and it is difficult to predict which medium will outlast the other. 

Books have been around for centuries and provide an immersive experience, allowing readers to engage with the story and characters. They have a wide range of genres and subject matter, making them accessible to a broad audience. On the other hand, movies offer a unique cinematic experience that cannot be replicated by any other medium. They visually immerse viewers in the story and characters and can reach a wider audience through mass distribution in theaters and online streaming platforms.

However, concerns remain about the future of both mediums. The rise of e-books and audiobooks and the decline of traditional print books are concerns for the book industry, while the decline of movie theaters and the rise of streaming services are affecting the movie industry. 

Despite these concerns, both books and movies have shown resilience over time. While the formats may change, the desire for stories and entertainment will always be present. It is likely that both mediums will coexist in the future, with each offering its unique benefits to audiences.

The debate between books and movies will continue as both have their unique advantages and disadvantages, and the choice depends on personal preference. While books provide an immersive experience and movies offer a unique cinematic experience, the impact of movie adaptations on book sales and the role of directors and screenwriters in the adaptation process is crucial. Both books and movies have influenced and inspired each other, but some movies fail to capture the essence of the book. 

Ultimately, both mediums have a place in our cultural landscape, and it’s important to celebrate and appreciate their unique benefits while enjoying the stories and characters they bring to life.

So, Keep Watching and Be Bookish !

Dennis K. Hawkins is a writer, blogger, book critic and bookish person. He has written several books and regularly write blogs. As a bookish, he reads a lot and regularly share his opinion regarding books. Besides, he has a huge collection of unique accessories related to book. So, he is an expert and also a real user of the book accessories that he chooses to write on.

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Essay On Television – Advantages & Disadvantages of Television

Essay on Television: The Television is the important part of our life. It is a useful product that gives a lot of advantages by providing us news, information, helpful programs and talk shows on education, health, politics and on general interest.

Table of Contents

Essay On Television; Benefits, Importance & Role in Our Life

Television is an audio visual electronic machine through which radio signals are transmitted into air received by television. It was first invented in 1927. Philo Taylor Farnsworth invented this machine to transmit images remotely with a machine in a screen, it was named Television.

A number of modifications and changes have been brought in its size and shape to improve the quality of picture and voice. Television is an important source of entertainment, knowledge and information. It started appearing in the early 80s and has become an integral part of each house.

Advantages of Television

It is a rich source of information and knowledge. Many informative, instructive and inspiring programs are released through television which broadens insight and vision of listeners. Specially educational programs are very helpful for students.

Related to different subjects and fields many tutorial channels are running on television which cater needs of various types of listeners. It is an effective medium of learning and teaching. Both formal and non formal education through television help students to groom young and adults.

Television presents different vocational training programs, technical skills, cultural programs and civic education which is very beneficial. Apart from it many historical channels, discovery channels and National Geographic channels based on science help impart knowledge in students.

Television is very entertaining machine used at homes. All family members gather at television and get entertained watching different comedy programs and movies. Those who watch television remain up-to-date. After every hour news is presented which make one know what is happening throughout the world.

All types of current issues like social, religious, political and economical update throughout the world reaches listeners at home. Television is a boon to humanity.

Disadvantages of Television

It is not only a boon to mankind but it bears many negative impacts too. Specially our young generation is heavily adopting the western culture and alien social etiquette which unfit them in their own society.

There are many movies and programs which make them socially weak, corrupt, arrogant and violent which is against the grain of humans. Many people have lost their normal eyesight watching TV in excess. The addiction of TV is entirely unbearable because students waste their precious time watching cartoons and different dramas and programs on TV.

Young generation has become introvert because addiction of TV makes them inactive and hardly go out and intermingle socially. Children watching TV round the clock become visually impaired. If we have look at past, people were very social but this invention has destroyed social relationships, man has become bound in homes, in their free time they switch on TV and kill their free time watching TV instead of being with others. Psychologically man is undergoing drastic changes which are entirely undesired and unwanted.

Television is best source of knowledge, it is very informative tool and cheapest medium of entertainment. It improves family relationships and strengthens family ties.

Some programs of TV are very motivational, which changes the life of an individual. There are many disadvantages of TV too, it presents violent content, causes health issues, makes people introverts and creates psychological and social imbalance.

Hello! Welcome to my Blog StudyParagraphs.co. My name is Angelina. I am a college professor. I love reading writing for kids students. This blog is full with valuable knowledge for all class students. Thank you for reading my articles.

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A strong argument essay structure can be split up into 4 paragraphs, each containing 4 sentences (except the conclusion paragraph, which only contains 3 sentences).

Stick to this essay structure:

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• Paragraph 2 - First supporting paragraph
• Paragraph 3 - Second supporting paragraph
• Paragraph 4 - Conclusion

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