case study questions for light reflection and refraction

$case study questions for light reflection and refraction$

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Case Study Questions Class 10 Science Light Reflection and Refraction

Case study questions class 10 science chapter 10 light reflection and refraction.

$Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Questions and answers$

At Case Study Questions there will given a Paragraph. In where some Important Questions will made on that respective Case Based Study. There will various types of marks will given 1 marks, 2 marks, 3 marks, 4 marks.

Case study:1

We can see when the pencil immersed in water it appears like bent at the water air interface. Also, the letters appears to be raised when we will see that letters through a glass slab placed over it. If the media used are different that means the bending of light is different in different media. And hence we can say that the light does not travel along a straight line path through different media. According to the velocity of light in that medium the bending of light takes place. Thus, we can say the phenomenon in which light ray bends or changes its direction when traveling from one medium to other is called as refraction of light. And also we can observed that if the ray of light is traveling from rarer medium to denser medium it bends towards the normal whereas when the ray of light travels from denser medium to rarer medium it bends away from the normal. And the extent of bending of light in a particular medium depends on the refractive index of the medium mostly. More the refractive index more is the bending or denser is the medium and less will be the velocity of light in that medium.

If less is the refractive index then less will be the bending or medium is rarer and velocity of light will be more in that medium. Like the refractive index of air is found to be 1.0003 and that of water is found to be 1.33. And hence water is more denser than air, air is rarer medium as compared to water. Thus, velocity of light in air medium is greater than velocity of light in water medium.

The absolute refractive index of the medium is given by

Absolute Refractive index= (speed of light in air)/(speed of light in medium) = c/v

Thus, for different media refractive index is different and accordingly the velocity of light is also different.

1) If the refractive indices of glass and ice are 1.52 and 1.31 respectively. Then in which medium the velocity of light is more? What it’s value?

( Velocity of light in air= 3*108 m/s)

2) How you can define rarer and denser medium on the basis of optical density?

3) If the Refractive index of diamond is found to be highest i.e. 2.42 then what it indicates?

4) What will happen if we took a glass filled with kerosene instead of water? What would be the observations?

Case study: 2

We have, the object distance is the distance of the object from the pole of the mirror. And we always know that object is placed in front of mirror that means on left side and hence object distance u is always taken as negative. The distance of the image from the pole of the mirror is taken as image distance. The image distance may be positive or negative on the basis of nature of image formed. And the distance of principal focus from the pole is called as focal length of the mirror. Thus, the relationship between the object distance u, image distance v and focal length f is given by mirror formula.

Mirror formula:

1/v + 1/u = 1/f

And magnification in case of mirror gives the extent to which the image is magnified as compared to object size. Magnification is given by the ratio of height of image (h’) to the height of object (h).

Thus, magnification = (height of image)/(height of object)

Thus, m = h’/h

Also, in terms of object distance and image distance magnification is given by,

Magnification m = h’/h = -v/u

As we know that, image height is positive if the image formed is virtual while height of image is negative for real images.

Similarly in case of lenses, lens formula is given by

1/v – 1/u = 1/f

And magnification in case of lenses is given by

Magnification m = h’/h = v/u

The power of lens depends on the focal length of the lens and it is the ability of the lens to diverge or converge the number of rays incident on it. Also, power of lens is defined as the reciprocal of focal length of the lens.

Thus, P = 1/f

Questions :

1) If the focal length of the lens is measured in meter what will be the unit of power of lens?

2) What is the sign of power of convex and concave lens?

3) If the lenses placed in contact of powers P1, P2, P3, P4 are used then what is the net power of lens system?

4) If the magnification produced is negative and positive in case of mirrors then what about the nature of images formed there?

1) If the focal length of the lens is used in meter then the power of the lens is measured in dioptre or D or m-1.

2) As the focal length of convex lens is positive and hence the power of convex lens is positive.

Also, as the focal length of concave lens is negative and hence the power of concave lens is negative.

3) If in a lens system four lenses of power P1, P2, P3 and P4 are in contact then net power of lens system is the algebraic sum of given power of lenses.

P= P1 + P2 + P3 + P4

4) If the magnification produced is negative then the image formed is real. And if the magnification produced is positive then the image formed is virtual.

Case study:3

As we know that, in case of concave mirrors when a ray of light parallel to principal axis strikes the mirror and after reflection it passes through principal focus of the concave mirror. Also, a ray which is passing through the principal focus of the concave mirror after reflection goes parallel to the principal axis. And the ray of light which is passing through the centre of curvature of concave mirror after reflection retraces the same path in backward direction. Because of converging property of concave mirrors they are used in solar furnaces to concentrate more light to produce huge amount of heat energy. They are also used in search lights, torches, head lights of vehicles so that a strong parallel beam of light will be produced. Also, in case of shaving mirrors concave mirrors are used to see larger face of the person.

While convex mirrors are used as rear view mirror in vehicles to see the traffic behind the person for safe driving. As these mirrors are curved outwards they has wider field of view. In convex mirrors the image formed is always diminished, virtual and erect.

In concave mirror, when the object is at infinity the image formed will be at focus F and which is highly diminished, point sized, real and inverted.

1) In case of concave mirror when the image formed is virtual and erect?

2) In which case the image formed is of same size as the object in case of concave mirrors?

3) Which mirrors are called as converging and diverging mirror?

4) The focal length of concave mirror is______ and the focal length of convex mirror is _______.

1) In case of concave mirrors, when the object is placed between pole P and focus F of the mirror then the image formed is behind the mirror which is enlarged, virtual and erect.

2) When the object is placed at centre of curvature C of the mirror then image formed is also at centre of curvature C which is of same size, real and inverted.

3) Concave mirror is called as converging mirror while convex mirror is called as diverging mirror.

4) The focal length of concave mirror is positive and the focal length of convex mirror is negative.

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It is +ve for convex mirror and -ve for concave mirror

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$case study questions for light reflection and refraction$

Case Study Questions Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

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CBSE Board Exam is on the way, so you must practice some good Case Study Questions Class 10 Science to boost your preparation to score 95+% on Boards. In this post, you will get Case Study and Passage Based Questions that will come in CBSE Class 10 Science Board Exams .

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$case study questions for light reflection and refraction$

In CBSE Class 10 Science Paper, Students will have to answer some questions based on Assertion and Re a son . There will be a few questions based on case studies and passage-based as well. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked.

Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Questions With Answers

Here, we have provided case-based/passage-based questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

Case Study/Passage-Based Questions

Question 1:

The spherical mirror forms different types of images when the object is placed at different locations. When the image is formed on the screen, the image is real and when the image does not form on-screen, the image is virtual. When the two reflected rays meet actually, the image is real and when they appear to meet, the image is virtual. A concave mirror always forms a real and inverted image for different positions of the object. But if the object is placed between the focus and pole, the image formed is virtual and erect. A convex mirror always forms a virtual, erect, and diminished image. A concave mirror is used as a doctor’s head mirror to focus light on body parts like eyes, ears, nose, etc., to be examined because it can form erect and magnified images of the object. The convex mirror is used as a rear view mirror in automobiles because it can form a small and erect image of an object.

(i) When an object is placed at the center of curvature of a concave mirror, the image formed is

Answer: (c) same size as that of the object

(ii) No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be

Answer: (d): The image is erect in a plane mirror and also in a convex mirror, for all positions of the object.

(iii) A child is standing in front of a magic mirror. She finds the image of her head bigger, the middle portion of her body of the same size and that of the legs smaller. The following is the order of combinations for the magic mirror from the top.

Answer: (c) : As the image of head is bigger, the upper portion of magic mirror is concave. The middle portion of the image is of same size, so, middle portion of magic mirror is plane. Now, the image of legs looks smaller, therefore, the lower portion of magic mirror is convex.

(iv) To get an image larger than the object, one can use (a) convex mirror but not a concave mirror (b) a concave mirror but not a convex mirror (c) either a convex mirror or a concave mirror (d) a plane mirror.

Answer: (b) a concave mirror but not a convex mirror

(v) A convex mirror has wider field of view because (a) the image formed is much smaller than the object and large number of images can be seen (b) the image formed is much closer to the mirror (c) both (a) and (b) (d) none of these.

Answer: (c) both (a) and (b)

Question 2:

The lenses form different types of images when objects are placed at different locations. When a ray is incident parallel to the principal axis, then after refraction, it passes through the focus or appears to come from the focus.

When a ray goes through the optical center of the lens, it passes without any deviation. If the object is placed between the focus and the optical center of the convex lens, an erect and magnified image is formed.

As the object is brought closer to the convex lens from infinity to focus, the image moves away from the convex lens from focus to infinity. Also, the size of the image goes on increasing and the image is always real and inverted.

A concave lens always gives a virtual, erect, and diminished image irrespective of the position of the object.

(i) The location of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at infinity is (a) at focus (b) at 2F (c) at optical center (d) between Fand 2F

Answer: (a) at focus

(ii) When the object is placed at the focus of concave lens, the image formed is (a) real and smaller (b) virtual and inverted (c) virtual and smaller (d) real and erect

Answer: (b) virtual and inverted

(iii) The size of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at the focus of convex lens is (a) small (b) point in size (c) highly magnified (d) same as that of object

Answer: (c) highly magnified

(iv) When the object is placed at 2F in front of convex lens, the location of image is (a) at F (b) at 2 F on the other side (c) at infinity (d) between F and optical center

Answer: (b) at 2 F on the other side

(v) At which location of object in front of concave lens, the image between focus and optical centre is formed (a) anywhere between centre and infinity (b) at F (c) at 2F (d) infinity

Answer: (a) anywhere between centre and infinity

Case Study 3: Light reflection and refraction are fundamental phenomena that occur when light interacts with surfaces and passes through different mediums. Reflection is the bouncing back of light when it strikes a surface. The laws of reflection state that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection, and the incident ray, reflected ray, and normal at the point of incidence lie in the same plane. Refraction, on the other hand, is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another with a different optical density. The bending of light is governed by Snell’s law, which states that the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is constant for a given pair of media. The concepts of reflection and refraction help us understand various optical phenomena, such as the formation of images by mirrors and lenses, the dispersion of light, and the phenomenon of total internal reflection.

What is reflection? a) The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another b) The bouncing back of light when it strikes a surface c) The formation of images by mirrors and lenses d) The dispersion of light Answer: b) The bouncing back of light when it strikes a surface

What do the laws of reflection state? a) The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection b) The incident ray, reflected ray, and normal lie in the same plane c) The angle of incidence, angle of reflection, and normal form a right triangle d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above

What is refraction? a) The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another b) The bouncing back of light when it strikes a surface c) The formation of images by mirrors and lenses d) The dispersion of light Answer: a) The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another

What law governs the bending of light during refraction? a) Law of reflection b) Snell’s law c) Newton’s law d) Coulomb’s law Answer: b) Snell’s law

What optical phenomena can be explained using the concepts of reflection and refraction? a) Formation of images by mirrors and lenses b) Dispersion of light c) Total internal reflection d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above

Hope the information shed above regarding Case Study and Passage Based Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction with Answers Pdf free download has been useful to an extent. If you have any other queries about CBSE Class 10 Science Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study and Passage Based Questions with Answers, feel free to comment below so that we can revert back to us at the earliest possible. By Team Study Rate

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Case Study Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

Please refer to Chapter 1 Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Questions with answers provided below. We have provided Case Study Questions for Class 10 Science for all chapters as per CBSE, NCERT and KVS examination guidelines. These case based questions are expected to come in your exams this year. Please practise these case study based Class 10 Science Questions and answers to get more marks in examinations.

Case Study Questions Chapter 1 Light Reflection and Refraction

Case/Passage – 1 A 5.0 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 20 cm. The distance of the object from the lens is 30 cm.

Question: What is the power of the used lens? (a) + 5 D (b) – 5 D (c) + 0.5 D (d) – 0.5 D

Question: What is the distance of image from the pole of lens? (a) v = 60 cm (b) v = – 60 cm (c) v = 30 cm (d) v = –30 cm

Case/Passage – 2

Light travels through a vacuum at a speed c = 3 × 108 m/s. It can also travel through many materials, such as air, water and glass. Atoms in the material absorb, reemit and scatter the light, however. Therefore, light travels through the material at a speed that is less than c, the actual speed depending on the nature of the material. To describe the extent to which the speed of light in a material medium differs from that in a vacuum, we use a parameter called the index of refraction (or refractive index).

Question: Figure shows a ray of light as it travels from medium A to

$Case StuCase Study Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refractiondy Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction$

medium B. Retractive index of the medium B relative to medium A is (a) √3/2 (b)√2/3 (c)√1/2 (d) √2

Question:The path of a ray of light coming from air passing through a rectangular glass slab traced by four students shown as A, B, C and D in the figure. Which one of them is correct?

$Case Study Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction$

(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D

Question: A light ray enters from medium A to medium B as shown

$Case Study Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction$

in the figure. The refractive index of medium B relative to A will be (a) greater than unity (b) less than unity (c) equal to unity (d) zero

Question: You are given water, mustard oil, glycerine and kerosene. In which of these media, a ray of light incident obliquely at same angle would bend the most? (a) Kerosene (b) Water (c) Mustard oil (d) Glycerine

Question: A ray of light is incident in medium 1 on a surface that separates medium 1 from medium 2. Let v1 and v2 represent the velocity of light in medium 1 and medium 2 respectively. Also let n12 and n21 represent the refractive index of medium 1 with respect to medium 2 and refractive index of medium 2 with respect to medium 1, respectively. If i and r denote the angle of incidence and angle of refraction, then- (a) sin i/sin r = n 21 V 1 /V 2 (b) sin i/sin r = n 21 V 2 /V 1 (c) sin i/sin r = n 12 V 1 /V 2 (d) sin i/sin r = n 12 V 2 /V 1

Case/Passage – 3 Inside a substance such as glass or water, light travels more slowly than it does in a vacuum. If c denotes the speed of light in a vacuum and v denotes its speed through some other substance, then v = c/n where n is a constant called the index of refraction. To good approximation, a substance’s index of refraction does not depend on the wavelength of light. For instance, when red and blue light waves enter water, they both slow down by about the same amount. More precise measurements, however, reveal that n varies with wavelength. Table presents some indices of refraction of Custon glass, for different wavelengths of visible light. A nanometer (nm) is 10– 9 meters. In a vacuum, light travels as c = 3.0 × 10 8 m/s

$Case Study Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction$

Question: Inside Custon glass (a) Orange light travels faster than yellow light (b) Yellow light travels faster than orange light (c) Orange and Yellow light travels equally fast (d) We cannot determine which color of light travels faster

Question: Which of the following phenomena happens because n varies with wavelength (a) A lens focuses light (b) A prism breaks sunlight into different colors (c) Total internal reflections ensures that light travels down a fiber optic cable (d) Light rays entering a pond change direction at the pond’s surface

Question: For blue-green of wavelength 520 nm, the index of refraction of Custon glass is probably closest to (a) 1.49 (b) 1.50 (c) 1.51 (d) 1.52

$Case Study Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction$

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Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions Class 10

Students who are studying in CBSE class 10 board, need to get the knowledge about the Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions. Case based questions are generally based on the seen passages from the chapter Light Reflection and Refraction. Through solving the case based questions, students can understand each and every concept.

With the help of Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions, students don’t need to memorise each answer. As answers for these case studies are already available in the given passage. Questions are asked through MCQs so student’s won’t take time to mark the answers. These multiple choice questions can help students to score the weightage of Light Reflection and Refraction.

Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions with Solutions

Selfstudys provides case studies for the Class 10 Science chapter Light Reflection and Refraction with solutions. The Solutions can be helpful for students to refer to if there is a doubt in any of the case studies problems. The solutions from the Selfstudys website are easily accessible and free of cost to download. This accessibility can help students to download case studies from anywhere with the help of the Internet.

Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions with solutions are in the form of PDF. Portable Document Format (PDF) can be downloaded through any of the devices: smart phone, laptop. Through this accessibility, students don't need to carry those case based questions everywhere.

Features of Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions

Before solving questions, students should understand the basic details of Light Reflection and Refraction. Here are the features of case based questions on Light Reflection and Refraction are:

These case based questions start with short or long passages. In these passages some concepts included in the chapter can be explained.
After reading the passage, students need to answer the given questions. These questions are asked in the Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ).
These case based questions are a type of open book test. These case based questions can help students to score well in the particular subject.
These Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions can also be asked in the form of CBSE Assertion and Reason .

Benefits of Solving Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions

According to the CBSE board, some part of the questions are asked in the board exam question papers according to the case studies. As some benefits of solving Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions can be obtained by the students. Those benefits are:

Through solving case studies students will be able to understand every concept included in the chapter Light Reflection and Refraction
Passages included in the case study are seen passages, so students don’t need to struggle for getting answers. As these questions and answers can be discussed by their concerned teacher.
Through these students can develop their observation skills. This skill can help students to study further concepts clearly.
Case studies covers all the concepts which are included in the Light Reflection and Refraction

How to Download Light Reflection and Refraction Case Based Questions?

Students studying in CBSE class 10 board, need to solve questions based on case study. It is necessary for students to know the basic idea of Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions. Students can obtain the basic idea of case based questions through Selfstudys website. Easy steps to download it are:

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Tips to solve Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Questions-

Students should follow some basic tips to solve Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions. These tips can help students to score good marks in CBSE Class 10 Science.

Generally, the case based questions are in the form of Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs).
Students should start solving the case based questions through reading the given passage.
Identify the questions and give the answers according to the case given.
Read the passage again, so that you can easily answer the complex questions.
Answer according to the options given below the questions provided in the Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Based Questions.

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Class 10 Science: Case Study Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction PDF Download

In CBSE Class 10 Science Paper, Students will have to answer some questions based on Assertion and Reason . There will be a few questions based on case studies and passage-based as well. In that, a paragraph will be given.

$case study questions for light reflection and refraction$

Here we are providing you with Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Case Study Questions, by practicing these Case Study and Passage Based Questions will help you in your Class 10th Board Exam.

Case Study Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

Here, we have provided case-based/passage-based questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

Case Study/Passage-Based Questions

Question 1:

(i) When an object is placed at the center of curvature of a concave mirror, the image formed is

Answer: (c) same size as that of the object

(ii) No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be

Answer: (d): The image is erect in a plane mirror and also in a convex mirror, for all positions of the object.

Answer: (b) a concave mirror but not a convex mirror

Answer: (c) both (a) and (b)

Question 2:

A concave lens always gives a virtual, erect, and diminished image irrespective of the position of the object.

(i) The location of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at infinity is (a) at focus (b) at 2F (c) at optical center (d) between Fand 2F

Answer: (a) at focus

(ii) When the object is placed at the focus of concave lens, the image formed is (a) real and smaller (b) virtual and inverted (c) virtual and smaller (d) real and erect

Answer: (b) virtual and inverted

(iii) The size of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at the focus of convex lens is (a) small (b) point in size (c) highly magnified (d) same as that of object

Answer: (c) highly magnified

(iv) When the object is placed at 2F in front of convex lens, the location of image is (a) at F (b) at 2 F on the other side (c) at infinity (d) between F and optical center

Answer: (b) at 2 F on the other side

(v) At which location of object in front of concave lens, the image between focus and optical centre is formed (a) anywhere between centre and infinity (b) at F (c) at 2F (d) infinity

Answer: (a) anywhere between centre and infinity

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CBSE Class 10 Physics Chapter 10 Important Questions and Answers for 2023

Cbse class 10 physics chapter 10 important questions and answers : get the important questions with answers for cbse class 10 science chapter 10 light reflection and refraction. use these along with other cbse resources to score good marks..

$case study questions for light reflection and refraction$

CBSE Class 10 Physics Chapter 10 Important Questions and Answers: In this article we are going to cover the Multiple Choice Questions, Very Short Answer Questions, Short Answer Questions, Case Study Questions, Long Answer Questions and even Assertion Reason questions that are important for CBSE Class 10 Science Board Examination 2023. These questions are from the tenth chapter of the third unit of the syllabus - Natural Phenomena.

The answers to the questions are also available. Scroll down to the end of the questions to check your answers.

Important Questions for CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

Multiple choice questions.

Q.1. Rays from the sun converge at a point 15 cm in front of a concave mirror. Where should an object be placed so that the size of its image is equal to the size of the object?

(a) 15 cm in front of the mirror

(b) 30 cm in front of the mirror

(d) more than 30 cm in front of the mirror

Q.2. No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror islikely to be

(a) Plane

(b) Concave

(d) Either plane or convex

Q.3. You are given water, mustard oil, glycerine and kerosene. In which of these media, a ray of light incident obliquely at same angle would bend the most?

(a) Kerosene

(b) Water

(d) Glycerine

Q.4. As light travels from a rarer to a denser medium it will have

(a) Increased velocity

(b) Decreased velocity

(d) both (b) and (c)

Q.5. How will the image formed by a convex lens be affected if the upper half of the lens is wrapped with a black paper?

(a) The size of the image is reduced to one-half.

(b) The upper half of the image will be absent.

(d) There will be no effect

Q.6. The velocity of light is maximum in a medium of

(a) glass

(b) water

(d) diamond

Q.7. A full length image of a distant tall building can definitely be seen by using:

(a) a concave mirror

(b) a convex mirror

(d) both concave as well as plane mirror

8. A student conducts an activity using a flask of height 15 cm and a concave mirror. He finds that the image formed is 45 cm in height. What is the magnification of the image?

(a) 45 times

(b) 1/ 45 times

(d) 3 times

Q.9. A student determines the focal length of a device 'X' by focusing the image of a distant object on a screen placed 20 cm from the device on the same side as the object. The device 'X' is

(a) Concave lens of focal length 10 cm

(b) Convex lens of focal length 20 cm

(d) Concave mirror of focal length 20 cm

Q.10.. A student conducts an experiment using a convex lens of focal length 20 cm and an object of height 15 cm. He placed the object at 25 cm from the lens. Can the image be formed on a screen?

(a) yes, because a real image will be formed

(b) no, because a virtual image will be formed

ASSERTION AND REASON

Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a

statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:

(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion

(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion

(d) If both assertion and reason are false.

Q.1. Assertion: A ray incident along normal to the mirror retraces its path.

Reason: In reflection, angle of incidence is always equal to angle of reflection.

2. Assertion: A convex lens is made of two different materials. A point object is placed on the principal axis. The number of images formed by the lens will be two.

Reason :The image formed by convex lens is always virtual.

Q.3. Assertion: When a concave mirror is held in water, its focal length will decrease.

Reason: The focal length of a concave mirror depends on the density the medium in Which it is placed.

Q.4. Assertion: Full length image of a distant object, such as a tall building, can be seen in a convex mirror.

Reason: A convex mirror has a greater focal length than a concave mirror of the same aperture.

Q.5. Assertion: Higher is the refractive index of the medium, lesser is the velocity of light in that medium.

Case Study Based Questions

Q.1. Light is a form of energy which induces sensation of vision to our eyes. It becomes visible when it bounces off on surfaces and hits our eyes. The phenomenon of bouncing back of light rays in the same medium on striking a smooth surface is called reflection of light. If parallel beam of incident rays remains parallel even after reflection and goes only in one direction is known as regular reflection. It takes place mostly in plane mirrors or highly polished metal surfaces. The mirror outside the driver side of a vehicle is usually a spherical mirror and printed on such a mirror is usually the warning "vehicles in this mirror are closer than they appear."

a) Plane mirror

(b) Concave mirror

(d) Magic mirror

(ii) No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror can be

(b) Concave

(iv) If an object is placed at 10 cm from a convex mirror of radius of curvature 60 cm, then find the position of image.

(a) 4 cm

(d) 12.5 cm

(v) The focal length of mirror is 12 cm. The radius of curvature is

(a) 12 cm

Q.2. We know that lenses form different types of images when objects are kept at varying positions. When a ray is incident parallel to the principal axis, then after refraction, it passes through the focus or appears to come from the focus.When a ray goes through the optical centre of the lens, it passes without any deviation. If the objectis placed between the focus and optical center of the convex lens, erect and magnified image is formed. As the object is brought closer to the convex lens from infinity to focus, the image moves away from the convex lens from focus to infinity. Also the sizeof the image goes on increasing and the image is always real and inverted. A concave lens always gives a virtual, erect and diminished image irrespective of the position of the object.

i. The location of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at infinity is

(a) at focus

(b) at 2F

(d) betweenFand 2F

ii. When the object is placed at the focus of concave lens, the image formed is

(a)real and smaller

(b) virtual and smaller

(d) real and erect

iii. The size of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at the focus of convex lens is

(a) highly magnified

(b) point in size

(d) same as that of object

iv. When the object is placed at 2F in front of convex lens, the location of image is

(a) at F

(b) between F and optical center

(d) none of the above

Q.3. The refractive index of a medium with respect to vacuum is called the absolute refractive index of the medium. It is given by, μ = sin i/sinr

i) How is absolute refractive index related to speed of light?

(a)μ = C/vm

(c)μ=Vm

(ii) In which of the materials given in the above table, light travels fastest?

(a) A

(iii) The speed of light in air is 3x108 ms-1 and that in medium A is 2.5 x 10 ms-1. The refractive index of A will be

(a) 1.2

(iv) When light travels from air to glass,

(a) angle of incidence > angle of refraction

(b) angle of incidence < angle of refraction

(d) Can't say

(v) The refractive index of P with respect to Qis 2. Find the refractive index of Q with respect to P.

(a) 0.5

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 marks)

Q.1. If the image formed by a spherical mirror for all positions of the object placed in front of it is always erect and diminished, what type of mirror is it?

Draw a labelled ray diagram to support your answer.

Q.2. State the two laws of reflection of light.

Q.3. State the laws of refraction of light. Explain the term absolute refractive index of a medium’ and write an expression to relate it with the speed of light in vacuum.

Q.4. A fish under water is viewing obliquely a fisherman standing on the bank of lake.Does the man look taller or shorter?

Q.5. Which phenomenon occurs when light falls on

(a) highly polished surface

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (3 MARKS)

Q.1. A concave mirror has a focal length of 20 cm. At what distance from the mirror should a 4 cm tall object be placed so that it forms an image at a distance of 30 cm from the mirror? Also calculate the size of the image formed.

Q.2. (a) Water has refractive index 1.33 and alcohol has refractive index 1.36. Which of the two medium is optically denser? Give reason for your answer.

(b) Draw a ray diagram to show the path of a ray of light passing obliquely from water to alcohol.

Q.3. Three mirrors, one plane, one concave and one convex are lying on the table. identify them without touching them or using any other apparatus or device?

Q.4. A convex lens of focal length 25 cm and a concave lens of focal length 10 cm are placed in closed contact with each other. Calculate the lens power of the combination.

Q.5. An object is placed at a distance of 12 cm in front of a concave mirror of radius ofcurvature 30 cm. List four characteristics of the image formed by the mirror

Q.6. A convex lens of focal length 2.0 m can produce a magnified virtual as well as real image. Is this a correct statement? If yes, where shall the object be placed in each case for obtaining these images?

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (4 MARKS)

Q.1. (i) A doctor has prescribed a corrective lens of power +1.5 D. Find the focal length of the lens. Is the prescribed lens diverging or converging?

(ii) A concave lens of focal length 15 cm forms an image 10 cm from the lens. How far is the object placed from the lens? Draw the ray diagram.

Q.2. (a) A 5 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 20 cm. The distance of the object from the lens is 30 cm. Find the position, nature and size of the image formed.

Answers to Important Questions for CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

Unit III: Natural Phenomena

Answer- (b) 30 cm in front of the mirror

Answer- (d) Either plane or convex

Answer- (d) Glycerine

Answer- (b) Decreased velocity

Answer- (c) The brightness of the image is reduced.

Answer- (c) vacuum

Answer- (b) a convex mirror

Answer- (d) 3 times

Answer- (d) Concave mirror of focal length 20 cm

(d)No because the image is

Answer- (a)

Answer- (c)

Answer- (d)

Reason: Refractive index of a medium is inversely proportional to the velocity of light.

Case Study Based Questions:

(i) Which type of mirror is used outside the driver's side of a vehicle?

(iii) If an object is placed at 10 cm from a convex mirror of radius of curvature 60 cm, then find the position of image.

(iv) The focal length of the mirror is 12 cm. The radius of curvature is

Q.2. We know that lenses form different types of images when objects are kept at varying positions. When a ray is incident parallel to the principal axis, then after refraction, it passes through the focus or appears to come from the focus.When a ray goes through the optical centre of the lens, it passes without any deviation. If the object is placed between the focus and optical center of the convex lens, erect and magnified image is formed. As the object is brought closer to the convex lens from infinity to focus, the image moves away from the convex lens from focus to infinity. Also the sizeof the image goes on increasing and the image is always real and inverted. A concave lens always gives a virtual, erect and diminished image irrespective of the position of the object.

i The location of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at infinity is

(d) between Fand 2F

ii When the object is placed at the focus of concave lens, the image formed is

iii The size of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at the focus of convex lens is

iv When the object is placed at 2F in front of convex lens, the location of image is

(a)at F

Answer- If the image formed by a spherical mirror is always erect and diminished then it is convex mirror.

$case study questions for light reflection and refraction$

Laws of reflection of light states that

(i) The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

(ii) The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal to the mirror at the point of incidence all lie in the same plane.

Q.3. State the laws of refraction of light. Explain the term absolute refractive index of a

medium’ and write an expression to relate it with the speed of light in vacuum.

Answer- (a) Laws of refraction of light:

(i) The incident ray, the refracted ray and the normal to the interface of two transparent media at the point of incidence, all lie in the same plane.

(ii) The ratio of sine of angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is constant, for the light of a given colour and for the given pair of media.

This law is also known as Snell’s law of refraction.

sini/sinr = constant,

where i is the angle of incidence and r is the angle of refraction.

This constant value is called refractive index of the second medium with respect to the first when the light travels from first medium to second medium.

⇒ constant = n21 = v1/v2 ∴sini/sinr = v1/v2

If n is the absolute refractive index of the medium, c is the velocity of light in vacuum and v is the speed of light in a given medium, then n = c/v.

Ans. As light travels from rarer to denser medium, it bends towards normal and appears to come from greater height. Therefore, to fish under water, man looks taller.

(b) a transparent medium?

Ans. (a) Reflection of light.

Answer- Given f = -20 cm v = -30 cm, u = ?

Using 1/v + 1/u = 1/f

1/u = 1/f – 1/v = 1/(−20) – /(−30) = (−3+2)/60

⇒ u = -60 cm

∴ Object placed at 60 cm from the mirror.

Also magnification, m = h′/h = −v/u

⇒ h’ = −(−30)/−60 × 4 = -2 cm

∴ The size of the image is 2 cm.

Answer- (a) Here, alcohol is optically denser medium as its refractive index is higher than that of water. When we compare the two media, the one with larger refractive index is called the optically denser medium than the other as the speed of light is lower in this medium.

(b) Since light is travelling from water (rarer medium) to alcohol (denser medium), it slows down and bends towards the normal.

$case study questions for light reflection and refraction$

where i = angle of incidence and r = angle of refraction.

sini/sinr=μalcohol /μwater =1.36/1.33 = 1.0225

∴ sin i = 1.0225 × sin r

Ans. Plane mirror produces the image of same size. Concave mirror produced the magnified image while the convex mirror will produce a diminished image

f1=25cm=0.25 m

f2= -10cm= - 0.1m

Power of convex lens, P1 = 1/f1=1/0.25=+4D

Power of concave lens, P2 = 1/f2=1/ - 0.1m=-10D

power of combination, P = P1 +P2 = 4D – 10D = -6D

Ans: Radius of curvature (R) = 30 cm, object distance is 12 cm in front of the mirror.Thus we can say that object is placed between focus and pole. Four characteristics of the image formed by die given concave mirror when object is placed between pole and focus are:

(i) Virtual

(iii) Enlarged

(iv) Image is formed behind the mirror

Ans: Yes, it is correct. If the object is placed within 2.0 m from the lens in the it forms magnified virtuaL image Between 2 m and 4 m it will form a real inverted and magnified image.

Q.7. “The magnification produced by a spherical mirror is -3”. List all information youobtain from this statement about the mirror/ image.

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

$case study questions for light reflection and refraction$

(b) Draw a labelled ray diagram showing object distance, image distance and focal length in the above case.

Answer- (a) Given, h = 5 cm, f = 20 cm, u = -30 cm

Using lens formula, 1/v – 1/u = 1/f

1/v=1/u+1/f=1/(−30)+1/20=(−2+3)/60=1/60

⇒ v = 60 cm

Now, magnification, m = h′/h = v/u

⇒ h’ = v/u × h = 60/(−30) × 5 = -10 cm

Hence, the image formed at 60 cm, which is real and magnified.

$case study questions for light reflection and refraction$

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Case Based Questions Test: Light- Reflection & Refraction - 1 - Class 10 MCQ

10 questions mcq test - case based questions test: light- reflection & refraction - 1, following figure illustrates the ray diagram for the formation of images by a concave mirror. the position of the object is beyond the centre of curvature of the concave mirror. on the basis of given diagram, answer the questions. if the focal length of the concave mirror is 10 cm, the image formed will be at a distance ___________..

A. Between 10cm and 15cm
B. Between 10cm and 20cm
C. Beyond 20cm
D. At 20 cm

$case study questions for light reflection and refraction$

Following figure illustrates the ray diagram for the formation of images by a concave mirror. The position of the object is beyond the centre of curvature of the concave mirror. On the basis of given diagram, answer the questions. If the size of the object in the given figure is 5 cm and the magnification produced is –0.5. The size of the image is (in cm) ___________

$case study questions for light reflection and refraction$

Following figure illustrates the ray diagram for the formation of images by a concave mirror. The position of the object is beyond the centre of curvature of the concave mirror. On the basis of given diagram, answer the questions. An image formed by concave mirror is virtual, when the object is placed:

A. at infinity
C. Between C and F
D. Between P and F

Read the following passage and answer the questions.

A student wants to project the image of a candle flame on the walls of the school laboratory by using a mirror.

At what distance, in terms of focal length ‘f’ of the mirror, should he place the candle flame to get the magnified image on the wall ?

B. Between F and C
D. At infinity

(ii) In order to form a diminished image on the wall, the candle flame should be placed at a distance greater than 2F from the lens.

If the image formed by this mirror is inverted and real, the magnification will be:

A. Positive
B. Negative
C. Either of them
D. None of the above

A student wants to project the image of a candle flame on a screen 30 cm in front of a mirror by keeping the flame at a distance of 15 cm from its pole.

Suggest the type of mirror he should use:

A. convex mirror
B. plane mirror
C. concave mirror
D. none of the above

When object distance is less than focal length the image is _______ and when object distance is more than focal length the image is ______.

A. real, real
B. virtual. Virtual
C. real, virtual
D. virtual, real

The image formed in the above case is:

real , inverted and magnified

real, erect and magnified

virtual, inverted and magnified.

real, erect and diminished

A real image occurs where rays converge, whereas a virtual image occurs where rays only appear to diverge. Real images can be produced by concave mirrors and converging lenses, only if the object is placed further away from the mirror/lens than the focal point, and this real image is inverted.

Read the passage and note the following observations. Answer the questions.

A student focussed the image of a candle flame on a white screen by placing the flame at various distances from a convex lens. He noted his observations as:

$case study questions for light reflection and refraction$

Which set of observations is incorrect and why?

A. Object distance can not be smaller than image distance
B. Image should form at 15cm only
C. Image should form at infinity
D. Object is kept at optical centre

(b) The observation (v) is incorrect. For this observation u = 15 = /, i.eThe object is at the focus and the image must be formed at infinity and not 70 cm.

(c) Since m = v/u , the size of the image will be equal to the size of the object, if v = u i.e., for the observation (iii).

$case study questions for light reflection and refraction$

What is the change in image observed as the object is moved from infinity towards the concave lens?

A. Size of image decreases
B. Size of image becomes highly diminished
C. Size of the image remains unchanged
D. Size of the image increases slightly

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Assertion and Reason Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light-Reflection and Refraction

Last modified on: 1 year ago
Reading Time: 9 Minutes

Following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. (c) A is true but R is false. (d) A is false but R is true.

Q.1. Assertion(A) : The centre of curvature is not a part of the mirror. It lies outside its reflecting surface. Reason (R) : The reflecting surface of a spherical mirror forms a part of a sphere. This sphere has a centre.

Q.2. Assertion (A) : A ray passing through the centre of curvature of a concave mirror after reflection, is reflected back along the same path. Reason (R) : The incident rays fall on the mirror along the normal to the reflecting surface.

Q.3. Assertion (A) : Light does not travel in the same direction in all the media. Reason (R) : The speed of light does not change as it enters from one transparent medium to another.

Q.4. Assertion(A) : The emergent ray is parallel to the direction of the incident ray. Reason (R) : The extent of bending of the ray of light at the opposite parallel faces (air- glass interface and glass-air interface) of the rectangular glass slab is equal and opposite.

Q.5. Assertion(A) : A ray of light travelling from a rarer medium to a denser medium slows down and bends away from the normal. When it travels from a denser medium to a rarer medium, it speeds up and bends towards the normal. Reason (R) : The speed of light is higher in a rarer medium than a denser medium.

Q.6. Assertion(A): The mirrors used in search lights are concave spherical. Reason (R) : In concave spherical mirror the image formed is always virtual.

Q.7. Assertion(A) : Light travels faster in glass than in air. Reason (R) : Glass is denser than air.

Q.8. Assertion(A) : For observing traffic at back, the driver mirror is convex mirror. Reason (R) : A convex mirror has much larger field of view than a plane mirror.

Q.9. Assertion(A) : Mirror formula can be applied to a plane mirror. Reason (R) : A plane mirror is a spherical mirror of infinite focal length.

Q.10. Assertion(A) : It is not possible to see a virtual image by eye. Reason (R): The rays that seem to emanate from a virtual image do not in fact emanates from the image.

Q.11. Assertion(A) : When the object moves with a velocity 2 m/s, its image in the plane mirror moves with a velocity of 4 m/s. Reason (R) : The image formed by a plane mirror is as far behind the mirror as the object is in front of it.

Q.12. Assertion(A) : The height of an object is always considered positive. Reason (R) : An object is always placed above the principal axis in this upward direction.

Q.13. Assertion(A) : Concave mirrors are used as make-up mirrors. Reason (R) : When the face is held within the focus of a concave mirror, then a diminished image of the face is seen in the concave mirror.

Q.14. Assertion(A) : Refractive index has no units. Reason (R) : The refractive index is a ratio of two similar quantities.

Q.15. Assertion(A) : The formula connecting u, v and f for a spherical mirror is valid in all situations for all spherical mirrors for all positions of the object. Reason (R) : Laws of reflection are strictly valid for plane surfaces.

Q.16. Assertion(A): A person cannot see his image in a concave mirror, unless, he is standing beyond the center of curvature of the mirror. Reason (R) : In a concave mirror, image formed is real provided the object is situated beyond its focus.

Q.17. Assertion(A): Virtual images are always erect. Reason (R) : Virtual images are formed by diverging lenses only.

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5 thoughts on “ Assertion and Reason Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light-Reflection and Refraction ”

$case study questions for light reflection and refraction$

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CBSE Study Material
CBSE Important Questions
Important Questions For Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection And Refraction

Chapter 10 -Light: Reflection and Refraction

According to the CBSE Syllabus 2023-24, this chapter has been renumbered as Chapter 9 in NCERT Class 10 Science Textbook.

Students can find the Important Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10, Light Reflection And Refraction, on this page. From this chapter, both types of questions are asked, i.e., theory as well as numerical. So, students need to practice both types of questions. Here, in the important questions, we have provided a mix of theory and numerical questions so that students get good practice before the board exam. They can also download Important Questions for CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection And Refraction in pdf format by visiting the link below.

Important Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light: Reflection And Refraction- Download Free PDF

$case study questions for light reflection and refraction$

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$case study questions for light reflection and refraction$

CBSE 10th Standard Science Subject Light Reflection and Refraction Chapter Case Study Questions 2021

QB365 Provides the updated CASE Study Questions for Class 10 , and also provide the detail solution for each and every case study questions . Case study questions are latest updated question pattern from NCERT, QB365 will helps to get more marks in Exams

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Cbse 10th standard science subject light reflection and refraction case study questions 2021.

10th Standard CBSE

Final Semester - June 2015

The refraction oflight on going from one medium to another takes place according to two laws which are known as the laws of refraction of light. These laws are 1. The ratio of sine of angle of incidence to the sine of angle of refraction is always constant for the pair of media in contact. $\frac{\sin i}{\sin r}=\mu=\text { constant }$ This constant is called refractive index of the second medium with respect to the first medium. Refractive index is also defined as the ratio of speed of light in vacuum to the speed of light in medium. 2. The incident ray, refracted ray and normal all lie in the same plane. This law is called Snell's law of refraction. (i) When light travels from air to glass, (a) angle of incidence > angle of refraction (b) angle of incidence < angle of refraction (c) angle of incidence = angle of refraction (d) can't say (ii) When light travels from air to medium, the angle of incidence is 45° and angle of refraction is 30°. The refractive index of second medium with respect to the first medium is

(iii) In which medium, the speed of light is minimum?

(iv) If the refractive index of glass is 1.5 and speed of light in air is 3 x 10 8 m/s. The speed of light in glass is

(v) Refractive index of a with respect to b is 2. Find the refractive index of b with respect to a.

$case study questions for light reflection and refraction$

(v) A water drop acts as a

The lenses forms different types of images when object placed at different locations. When a ray is incident parallel to the principal axis, then after refraction, it passes through the focus or appears to come from the focus.When a ray goes through the optical centre of the lens, it passes without any deviation. If the object is placed between focus and optical center of the convex lens, erect and magnified image is formed. As the object is brought closer to the convex lens from infinity to focus, the image moves away from the convex lens from focus to infinity. Also the size of image goes on increasing and the image is always real and inverted. A concave lens always gives a virtual, erect and diminished image irrespective to the position of the object. (i) The location of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at infinity is

(ii) When the object is placed at the focus of concave lens, the image formed is

(iii) The size of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at the focus of convex lens is

(iv) When the object is placed at 2F in front of convex lens, the location of image is

The relationship between the distance of object from the lens (u), distance of image from the lens (v) and the focal length (j) of the lens is called lens formula. It can be written as $\begin{equation} \frac{1}{f}=\frac{1}{v}-\frac{1}{u} \end{equation}$ The size of image formed by a lens depends on the position of the object from the lens. A lens of short focal length has more power whereas a lens of long focal length has less power. When the lens is convex, the power is positive and for concave lens, the power is negative. The magnification produced by a lens is the ratio of height of image to the height of object as the size of the image relative to the object is given by linear magnification (m). When, m is negative, image formed is real and when m is positive, image formed is virtual. If m < 1, size of image is smaller than the object. If m > 1, size of image is larger than the object. (i) An object 4 cm in height is placed at a distance of 10 cm from a convex lens of focal length 20 cm. The position of image is

(ii) In the above question, the size of image is

(iii) An object is ,placed 50 cm from a concave lens and produces a virtual image at a distance of 10 cm infrontof lens. The focal length of lens is

(iv) A convex lens forms an image of magnification -2 of the height of image is 6 cm, the height of object is

(v) A concave lens offocallength 5 ern, the power oflens is

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$case study questions for light reflection and refraction$

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

$NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction$

Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Class 10 NCERT Solutions

Ncert solutions for class 10 science chapters:, why do we prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles, what is meant by power of a lens, what is absolute refractive index, when a convex lens will act as magnifying glass, which mirror give an erect and enlarged image of an object, contact form.

$case study questions for light reflection and refraction$

Light Reflection and Refraction Class 10 Important Questions and Answers

Important Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction covers each topic of the chapter. These questions aim at providing a better understanding of the chapter to the students and can be downloaded in PDF format. These important question bank help students in clearing their doubts so that they can score well in the exam.

While preparing for exams, students should practise these important questions of Class 10 Science to understand the concepts better. Solving important questions of Class 10 Science Chapter 10 will teach students time management skills and enhance their problem-solving skills. Also, students may come across a few of these questions in the board exam.

Important Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 – PDF

1. What is the magnification of the images formed by plane mirrors and why?

Answer: The magnification of the images formed by plane mirrors is 1 as the size of the image is equal to the size of object.

2. An object is placed at a distance of 30 cm from a concave lens of focal length 15 cm. List four characteristics (nature, position, etc.) of the image formed by the lens.

Answer: (a) The image of given object formed by the given concave lens is (i) virtual, (ii) erect, (iii) diminished in size, and (iv) is formed on same side of lens at a distance less than 15 cm from the lens.

3. Write two different uses of concave mirror.

Answer: (i) In solar furnace (ii) In shaving mirror.

4. Define power of a lens.

Answer: The ability of lens to converge or diverge the ray of light is called power of lens. It is equal to the reciprocal of focal length, i.e., P = 1/f

5. Name the mirror that is used by a dentist in examining teeth.

Answer: Dentist uses a concave mirror to See large images of the teeth of patients.

6. What is lateral displacement of a light ray passing through a glass slab?

Answer: The shifting of the light ray sideways (though in the direction of original ray) on emergence from a rectangular glass slab is called “lateral displacement”.

7. Define power of a lens and write its SI unit.

Answer: Reciprocal of focal length of a lens, expressed in metre, is called the power of that lens. Its SI unit is 1 dioptre (1 D), where 1 D = 1 m -1 .

8. Name the lens which can be used as a magnifying glass.

Answer: A convex lens can be used as a magnifying glass so as to form magnified image of a tiny object placed near it.

9. Which type of lens has a negative power?

Answer: A concave (diverging) lens has a negative power.

10. What is the difference between virtual image of an object formed by a convex lens and that formed by a concave lens?

Answer: ‘Virtual image formed by a convex lens is always magnified but that formed by a concave lens is diminished one.

11. During its passage from one medium to another, where does a light ray change its path?

Answer: During its passage from one medium to another a light ray changes its path at the boundary face separating the two media.

12. The power of a lens is + 5 D. Find its focal length in metres.

Answer: Focal length, f = 1/P = +1/5 m = 0.2m

13. What is the difference between virtual images produced by concave, plane and convex mirrors?

Answer: The virtual image formed by concave mirror is magnified, that produced by plane mirror is of the same size and that by a convex mirror is diminished.

14. For driving a car what type of mirror would you prefer to see the traffic at your back and why? Explain why it is preferred over a plane mirror?

Answer: A convex mirror is used to see the traffic at the back. It is because a convex mirror always forms an erect though diminished image of the object. It has a wider field of view. So, we will be able to much larger at the back than a plane mirror while driving the car.

15. An erect image three times the size of the object is formed with a concave mirror of radius of curvature 36 cm. What is the position of the image?

Answer: For an erect image, magnification is positive. Thus, m = 3 for an erect image three times the size of the object.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 15$

16. Discuss the position and nature of the image formed by a concave mirror when the object is moved from infinity towards the pole of mirror.

Answer: As the object is moved from infinity towards the pole of a concave mirror, the image formed starts shifting from the focus of the mirror towards infinity.

When the object is at infinity, the image is formed at the focus or in the focal plane. As the object is shifted, the image is formed between the focus and the centre of curvature, then at the centre of curvature, then beyond the centre of curvature, then at infinity and finally the image is formed behind the mirror.

17. Find the position, nature and size of the image of an object 3 cm high place at a distance of 9 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 18 cm.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 17$

18. With the help of ray diagrams, show the formation of image of an object by a concave mirror. When it is placed: (i) beyond the centre of curvature (ii) at the centre of curvature.

Answer: (i) When object is beyond the centre of curvature

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 18 i$

(ii) When the object is at the centre of curvature

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 18 ii$

19. A student, holding a mirror in his hand, directed the reflecting surface of the mirror towards the sun. He then directed the reflected light on to a sheet of paper held close to the mirror. (a) What should he do to burn the paper? (b) Which type of mirror does he use? (c) Will he be able to determine the approximate value of focal length of this mirror from this activity? Give reason and draw ray diagram to justify your answer in this case.

Answer: (a) The student should adjust the distance between the mirror and the paper so that solar rays are sharply focussed on the paper. (b) The mirror is a concave mirror. (c) The student can find the approximate focal length by measuring the distance between the paper and the mirror.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 19$

As shown in Fig. 10.29, parallel rays from the sun are focussed on the paper at point A’ in focal plane of mirror such that PB’ = f.

20. A concave mirror has a focal length of 20 cm. At what distance from the mirror should a 4 cm tall object be placed so that it forms an image at a distance of 30 cm from the mirror? Also calculate the size of the image formed.

Answer: Given, focal length of concave mirror f = — 20 cm, height of object h o = + 4 cm and distance of image v = 30 cm. Following two cases may arise here:

Case I: If the image formed is real then v = — 30 cm

So, from mirror formula we have

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 20 i$

So, the object be placed 60 cm in front of mirror and image is an inverted image of size 2 cm.

Case II: If the image formed is virtual then v = + 30 cm and now

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 20 ii$

So, the object is placed at 12 cm in front of mirror and image is an erect image of height 10 cm.

21. A 10 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 12 cm. The distance of the object from the lens is 18 cm. Find the nature, position and size of the image.

Answer: As per question f = + 12 cm, u = – 18 cm and h o = + 10 cm As per lens law, we have

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 21 i$

The image is formed on opposite side of lens at a distance of 36 cm from it. The image is a real and inverted image.

Moreover, magnification

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 21 ii$

So, the size of image is 20 cm tall and is formed below the principal axis.

22. A 5 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 20 cm. The distance of the object from the lens is 30 cm. Find the (i) position, (ii) nature, and (iii) size of the image formed. [CBSE 2004, 2006, 2014, 2019]

Answer: Here h o = + 5 cm, f= + 20 cm, u = – 30 cm (i) Using lens formula we have

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 22 i$

(ii) +ve sign of v means that image is being formed on the other side of lens i.e., the image is a real image.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 22 ii$

23. A real image, 2/3 rd of the size of an object, is formed by a convex lens when the 3 object is at a distance of 12 cm from it. Find the focal length of the lens.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 23$

24. Draw a ray diagram to show refraction through a rectangular glass slab. How is the emergent ray related to incident ray? What is its lateral displacement?

Answer: A ray diagram showing refraction through a rectangular glass slab has been shown in adjoining Fig. 10.32.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 24$

The emergent ray GH is exactly parallel to the incident ray EFNM. It means that ∠r 2 = ∠i 1 . However, the emergent ray is laterally (side ways) displaced as compared to the original path of light ray. In ray diagram, the lateral displacement is GN. Its value increases on increasing the width of glass slab.

25. State the laws of refraction of light. Explain the term absolute refractive index of a medium and write an expression to relate it with the speed of light in vacuum.

Answer: Two basic laws of refraction of light are: (i) The incident ray, the refracted ray and the normal to the separating surface at the point of incidence, all lie in the same plane. (ii) The ratio of sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of angle of refraction (r) is a constant. It is known as Snell’s law. Thus, according to Snell’s law

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 25 i$

Generally, the constant n is known as the absolute refractive index of given medium. Thus, absolute refractive index of a medium is defined as the ratio of sine of angle of incidence of a light ray in air (or vacuum) to the sine of angle of refraction of the ray in given medium. Absolute refractive index of a medium is a unitless quantity and its value is one or greater than one In terms of speed of fight, the absolute refractive index of a medium is defined as:

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 25 ii$

26. What is meant by power of a lens? Write its SI unit. A student uses a lens of focal length 40 cm and another of – 20 cm. Write the nature and power of each lens.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 26$

27. What is meant by power of a lens? Write its SI unit. A student uses a lens of focal length 40 cm and another of -20 cm. Write the nature and power of each lens.

Answer: Power of a Lens: The ability of a lens to converge or diverge the ray of light after refraction, is called power (P) of the lens. It is defined as the reciprocal of the focal length, i.e. P = 1/f. The SI unit of power of a lens is ‘dioptre’. A lens of focal length 100 cm has a power of 1 dioptre = 1 m -1 . Given: f A = + 40 cm = 0.4 m, f B = -20 cm

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 27$

Hence, the nature of lens A is convex with power + 2.5D and lens B is concave with power -5D.

28. What is mean by power of lens? You have three lenses L 1 , L 2 and L 3 of power +10 D, +5 D and – 10 D respectively. State the nature and focal length of each lens. Explain which of the three lenses will from a virtual and magnified image of an object placed at 15 cm from the lens. Draw the ray diagram in support of your answer.

Answer: Power of lens: It is the degree of convergence or divergence of light rays after refraction through a spherical lens is called power of lens. It is the reciprocal of its focal length.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 28$

When object is placed between focus and optical centre of convex lens, virtual erect and magnified image is formed on the same side of the lens. Hence, for the object distance of 15 cm, lens L 2 will form the same.

29. We wish to obtain an equal sized inverted image of a candle flame on a screen kept at distance of 4 m from the candle flame. (a) Name the type of lens that should be used. (b) What should be the focal length of the lens and at what distance from the candle flame the lens be placed. (c) Draw a labelled diagram to show the image formation in this case.

Answer: (a) Convex lens. (b) 2F = 4 ⇒ f = 2 m Distance of candle flame from the lens = 4 m.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 29$

30. If the image formed by a mirror for all positions of the object placed in front of it is always erect and diminished, what type of mirror is it? Draw a ray diagram to justify your answer. Where and why do we generally use this type of mirror?

Answer: Only a convex mirror always form an erect and diminished image behind the mirror between its pole and focus point for all positions of the object placed in front of the mirror.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 30$

A ray diagram showing the image formation of an object AB is shown here. A convex mirror is used as a rear view mirror in automobiles because it gives erect and diminished images of vehicles coming from behind. As a result, it helps the driver in having a much wider field of view.

31. An object 4 cm in height, is placed at 15 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 10 cm. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed to obtain a sharp image of the object. Calculate the height of the image.

Answer: Here distance of object u = – 15 cm, height of object h o = + 4 cm and the focal length of concave mirror f = – 10 cm.

As per mirror formula we have

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 31$

32. The magnification of an image formed by a lens is -1. If the distance of the image from the optical centre of the lens is 25 cm, where is the object placed? Find the nature and focal length of the lens. If the object is displaced 15 cm towards the optical centre of the lens, where would the image be formed? Draw a ray diagram to justify your answer.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 32 i$

Thus, the positive focal length shows that the given lens is a convex lens of focal length 12.5 cm. If the object is now displaced 15 cm towards the optical centre of the lens i.e, object is now placed at a distance of 25 – 15 = 10 cm from the optical centre. Therefore u = – 10 cm, and f = +12.5 cm.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 32 ii$

So, in this case, virtual image is formed on the same side of the object at a distance of 50 cm from the optical centre of the lens as shown in figure

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 32 iii$

33. If the image formed by a lens for all positions of an object placed in front of it is always erect and diminished, what is the nature of this lens? Draw a ray diagram to justify your answer. If the numerical value of the power of this lens is 10 D, what is its focal length in the Cartesian system?

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 33$

34. Define the term magnification as referred to spherical mirrors. If a concave mirror forms a real image 40 cm from the mirror, when the object is placed at a distance of 20 cm from its pole, find the focal length of the mirror.

Answer: Magnification of spherical mirror (m): It is equal to the ratio of size (height) of the image to the size (height) of the object. Thus,

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 34$

35. State Snell’s law of refraction of light. Express it mathematically. Write the relationship between absolute refractive index of a medium and speed of light in vacuum.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 35$

36. Draw ray diagrams to show the principal focus of a (i) concave mirror (ii) convex mirror.

Answer: Ray diagrams have been shown in following Figs. 10.11(a) and (b) respectively.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 36$

37. Complete the following diagram [Fig. 10.12]

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 37$

Answer: The completed diagram is as given above in Fig. 10.13.

38. Define optical centre of a spherical lens.

Answer: Optical centre of a spherical lens is a point on its principal axis, a ray of light passing through which goes undeviated along its path after refraction.

39. Draw the following diagram [Fig. 10.22], in which a ray of light is incident on a concave/convex mirror, on your answer sheet. Show the path of this ray, after reflection, in each case.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 39 i$

Answer: The diagrams have been drawn and path of rays after reflection have been shown:

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 39 ii$

40. State two positions in which a concave mirror produces a magnified image of a given object. List two differences between the two images.

Answer: Two positions in which a concave mirror produces a magnified image are : (i) When an object is placed between focus point F and centre of curvature C of the mirror. For this position the image is real, inverted and magnified, and the image is formed beyond centre of curvature of the mirror. (ii) When an object is placed between pole P and focus point F of the mirror. For this position the image is virtual, erect and magnified and the image is formed behind the mirror.

41. It is desired to obtain an erect image of an object, using concave mirror of focal length of 12 cm. (i) What should be the range of distance of an object placed in front of the mirror? (ii) Will the image be smaller or larger than the object? Draw ray diagram to show the formation of image in this case. (iii) Where will the image of this object be, if it is placed 24 cm in front of the mirror? Draw ray diagram for this situation also to justify your answer.

Answer: It is given that focal length of concave mirror is 12 cm. (i) To obtain an erect image of an object by this mirror, the object should be placed in front of the mirror between its pole and focus point, that is |u| < 12 cm.

(ii) The image is larger than the object. The ray diagram has been shown in Fig. 10.25.

(iii) If object be placed at 24 cm in front of the mirror then it means that the object is situated at the centre of curvature [ ∵ | u | = 24 cm = 2f – 2 x 12 cm = R ] C of the given mirror. Hence as shown in Fig. 10.24 the real, inverted image of same size is formed at centre of curvature C itself [ |v| = 24 cm].

42. (a) Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of image by a convex lens when an object is placed in front of the lens between its optical centre and principal focus. (b) In the above ray diagram mark the object-distance (u) and the image distance (v) with their proper signs (+ve or -ve as per the new Cartesian sign convention) and state how these distances are related to the focal length (f) of the convex lens in this case.

Answer: (a) The ray diagram is as shown in Fig. 10.37.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 42 i$

(b) The object distance ‘u’, the image distance ‘v’ and the focal length ‘f’ of the convex lens are correlated as per relation:

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 42 ii$

While applying this formula we must specify +ve or -ve signs of u, v and f as per new Cartesian sign convention being followed.

43. Find the power of a convex lens which forms a real, and inverted image of magnification -1 of an object placed at a distance of 20 cm from its optical centre.

Answer: Here u = – 20 cm and magnification m = – 1 for real and inverted image ∵ m = v/u, hence v = mu = (-1) × (-20) = + 20 cm

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 43$

44. A divergent lens has a focal length of 20 cm. At what distance should an object of height 4 cm from the optical centre of the lens be placed so that its image is formed 10 cm away from the lens. Find the size of the image also. Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of image in above situation.

Answer: Here focal length of given divergent (concave) lens f = – 20 cm, height of the object h = + 4 cm and distance of image from the lens v = 10 cm. As the image formed by a concave lens is always virtual and erect, hence as per sign convention u = – 10 cm.

As per lens formula we have

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 44 i$

Thus, the object is placed at a distance 20 cm from the lens. Moreover

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 44 ii$

A ray diagram to show the formation of image is given here in Fig. 10.39.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 44 iii$

45. The image of an object formed by a mirror is real, inverted and is of magnification -1. If the image is at a distance of 40 cm from the mirror, where is the object placed? Where would the image be if the object is moved 20 cm towards the mirror? State reason and also draw ray diagram for the new position of the object to justify your answer.

Answer: Given: Magnification of spherical mirror = -1, Image distance, v = -40 cm Magnification,

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 45 i$

Therefore, the object is placed at a distance of 40 cm in front of the spherical mirror.

Case I: when u = -40 cm and v = -40 cm, Using mirror formula, we get

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 45 ii$

Hence the focal length of the mirror is 20 cm, and the negative focal length shows that it is a concave mirror. The new position of the object when it moves 20 cm towards the concave mirror, u’ = – (40 – 20) = -20 cm. Case II: u’ = – 20 cm, f = – 20 cm, v =?

From mirror formula,

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 45 iii$

Thus, the image is formed at infinity. Hence when the object is moved 20 cm towards the mirror, a real, inverted and highly enlarged image is formed at infinity.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 45 iv$

46. If the image formed by mirror for all positions of the object placed in front of it is always virtual and diminished, state the type of the mirror. Draw a ray diagram in support of your answer. Where are such mirrors commonly used and why?

Answer: Convex Mirror

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 46$

A convex mirror is commonly used as a rear-view mirror in vehicles because it always produces a virtual and erect image whose size is smaller than the object. Therefore, it enables the driver to see a wide field of view of the traffic behind the vehicle in a small mirror. 47. If the image formed by a lens for all positions of the object placed in front of it is always virtual, erect and diminished, state the type of the lens. Draw a ray diagram in support of your answer. If the numerical value of focal length of such a lens is 20 cm, find its power in new cartesian sign conventions.

Answer: Concave lens (i) When an object is placed at infinity. (ii) When an object is placed between F 1 and 2F 1

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 47 i$

Thus, from the above figures, it is clear that whatever be the position of the object in front of a concave lens, the image formed is always virtual, erect and diminished. The power of the given lens is calculated as

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 47 ii$

48. To construct a ray diagram we use two rays of light which are so chosen that it is easy to determine their directions after reflection from the mirror. Choose these two rays and state the path of these rays after reflection from a concave mirror. Use these two rays to find the nature and position of the image of an object placed at a distance of 15 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 10 cm.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 48$

Answer: The position of the image formed by a spherical mirror can be found by considering following two rays: (i) The ray incident parallel to the principal axis, after reflection, passes through the principal focus of a concave mirror. (ii) A ray passing through the centre of curvature in a concave mirror after reflection, retraces its path.

The image formation is shown in the above figure. Here for every 5 cm distance we have 1 cm in the ray diagram. Here AB is the object and ATT is the real and inverted image formed on the basis of above mentioned two rays. Actual measurement shows that the image is formed 30 cm in front of the concave mirror i.e., v = 30 cm.

49. (a) Define optical centre of a lens. What happens when a ray of light passes through the optical centre of lens? (b) Define principal focus and focal length of a lens. Draw ray diagram to show the position of principal focus of a lens.

Answer: (a) The optical centre of a thin lens is a point on its principal axis, a ray of light passing through which goes straight without any bending (or deviation). In Fig. 10.33, the point O is the optical centre.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 49 i$

(b) Principal focus of a lens is a point where a light beam incident parallel to the principal axis of the lens, after refraction, actually converges to (in case of a convex lens) or diverges from (in case of a concave lens). Since, a lens has two refracting surfaces, a lens has two principal foci. F 1 and F 2 on either side of lens.

The distance of principal focus of a lens from its optical centre is called its focal length f. Thus, f = OF 1 = OF 2 .

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 49 ii$

50. A student wants to project the image of a candle flame on a screen 80 cm in front of a mirror by keeping the candle flame at a distance of 20 cm from its pole. (i) Which type of mirror should the student use? (ii) Find the magnification of the image produced. (iii) Find the distance between the object and its image. (iv) Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation in this case and mark the distance between the object and its image.

Answer: (i) Concave mirror, as it forms a real image on the same side of the mirror.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 50 i$

(iii) Distance between the object and its image = 80 – 20 = 60 cm

(iv) The focal length of the concave mirror is given by

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 50 ii$

Since u = – 20 cm, it implies that the object lies between F and C, so image is formed beyond the centre of curvature as shown below:

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 50 iii$

The image is real, inverted and enlarged.

51. Draw a ray diagram to show the path of the reflected ray in each of the following cases. A ray of light incident on a convex mirror. (a) strikes at its pole making an angle θ from the principal axis. (b) is directed towards its principal focus. (c) is parallel to its principal axis.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 51$

52. An object of height 5 cm is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a concave lens of focal length 10 cm. If the distance of the object from the optical centre of the lens is 20 cm, determine the position, nature and size of the image.

Answer: Given: h o = + 5 cm, f = – 10 cm, u = – 20 cm, v = ?, h i =?

Using lens formula, web have

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 52 i$

So, the image is formed on the same side of the object at a distance of 6.67 cm. The negative sign indicates that the image is virtual. Also |u|< |u| so the image is diminished.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 52 ii$

So, the image is virtual, erect, diminished and of size 1.66 cm.

53. An object is placed at a distance of 60 cm from a concave lens of focal length 30 cm. (i) Use lens formula to find the distance of the image from the lens. (ii) List four characteristics of the image (nature, position, size, erect/inverted) formed by the lens in this case. (iii) Draw ray diagram to justify your answer of part (ii).

Answer: Given u = – 60 cm, f = – 30 cm (i) Using lens formula,

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 53 i$

(ii) Nature of image: Virtual Position of image: Between optical centre and focus of concave lens. Size of image: Smaller than the object using

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 53 ii$

So, size of image is one third of the object. Erect/inverted: Erect image

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 53 iii$

54. (a) List four characteristics of the image formed by a convex lens when an object is placed between its optical centre and principal focus. (b) Size of the image of an object by a concave lens of focal length 20 cm is observed to be reduced to 1/3 rd of its size. Find the distance of the object from the lens.

Answer: (a) When an object is placed between the optical centre and principal focus of a convex lens, the image formed is virtual, erect and enlarged. Moreover, the image is formed on the same side of lens behind the object.

(b) Here magnification of given concave lens m = +1/3 and focal length of lens f = – 20 cm. As per relation m = v/u for a lens, we get

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 54 i$

Therefore, as per sign convention followed, both u and v are -ve.

Using lens formula we have

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 54 ii$

So, the object is placed at a distance of 40 cm from the lens.

55. (a) What is the minimum number of rays required for locating the image formed by a concave mirror for an object? Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of a virtual image by a concave mirror. (b) The linear magnification produced by a spherical mirror is+3. Analyse this value and state the (i) type of mirror and (ii) position of the object with respect to the pole of the mirror. Draw ray diagram to show the formation of image in this cased (c) An object is placed at a distance of 30 cm in front of a convex mirror of focal length 15 cm. Write four characteristics of the image formed by the mirror.

Answer: (a) Two rays are required.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 55 i$

(b) The linear magnification produced by a spherical mirror is +3. It shows that the size of image is three times the size of object, image is virtual and erect and formed behind the mirror. Hence

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 55 ii$

(i) the mirror is a concave mirror, and (ii) the object is placed between the pole and the focus of a concave mirror.

(c) The four characteristics of the image formed by the convex mirror are virtual, erect, diminished and laterally inverted.

56. (a) To construct a ray diagram we use two rays which are so chosen that it is easy to know their directions after reflection from the mirror. List two such rays and state the path of these rays after reflection in case of concave mirrors. Use these two rays and draw ray diagram to locate the image of an object placed between pole and focus of a concave mirror. (b) A concave mirror produces three times magnified image on a screen. If the object is placed 20 cm in front of the mirror, how far is the screen from the object?

Answer: (a) Rays which are chosen to construct a ray diagram for reflection are: O’) A ray parallel to the principal axis and a ray passing through the centre of curvature of a concave mirror. Path of these light rays after reflection: (i) It will pass through the principal focus of a concave mirror (ii) It gets reflected back along the same path. When an object is placed between the pole and the principal focus of a concave mirror, a virtual, erect and enlarged image is formed behind the concave mirror as shown in the figure.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 56$

57. (a) If the image formed by a mirror for all positions of the object placed in front of it is always diminished, erect and virtual, state the type of the mirror and also draw a ray diagram to justify your answer. Write one use such mirrors are put to and why? (b) Define the radius of curvature of spherical mirrors. Find the nature and focal length of a spherical mirror whose radius of curvature is +24 cm.

Answer: (a) Convex (diverging) mirror view mirror.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 57$

Reason: (i) It always produces a virtual and erect image. (ii) The size of image formed is smaller than the object.

Therefore, it enables the driver to see a wide field view of the traffic behind the vehicle in a small mirror. (b) Radius of Curvature: The separation between the pole and the centre of curvature or the radius of the hollow sphere, of which the mirror is a part, is called radius of curvature (R), i.e., PC = R.

Since focal length of the mirror is +24 cm. It indicates that nature of the given spherical mirror is convex/diverging mirror. As R = 2f = 24 cm Therefore, f = +12 cm 58. (a) Draw labelled ray diagrams for each of the following cases to show the position, nature and size of the image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed. (i) between its optical centre (O) and principal focus (F) (ii) between F and 2 F (b) How will the nature and size of the image formed in the above two cases, (i) and (ii) change, if the convex lens is replaced by a concave lens of same focal length?

Answer: A convex lens of focal length ‘f’ can form (i) a magnified and erect image only when the object is placed between its focus ‘F’ and optical centre ‘O’ of the lens.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 58 i$

(ii) a magnified and inverted image when an object is placed in the following positions: Between F 1 and 2F 1

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 58 ii$

(b) Whatever be the position of object as given in case (i) and (ii), the image formed by the concave lens is always virtual, erect and diminished. 59. State the laws that are followed when light is reflected by spherical mirrors. Daw a ray diagram to show the formation of image of an object placed infront of a convex mirror. List two characteristics of the image formed. Briefly explain one use of convex mirror.

Answer: The two laws of reflection of light are: (i) The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. (ii) The incident ray, the normal to the reflecting surface at the point of incidence and the reflected ray from that point, all lie in the same plane. (i) Image formed is behind the mirror between pole (P) and focus (F). (ii) Virtual, erect and diminished image is formed.

$Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Important Question 59$

(ii) Rear-view mirror of vehicles: Convex mirror Convex mirror is used because it always produces a virtual and erect image whose size is smaller than the object. Therefore, it enables the driver to see wide field view of the traffic behind the vehicle in a small mirror.

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Case Study Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

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Important Questions for CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

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