how to cite youtube video in research paper

YouTube Video References

This page contains reference examples for YouTube, including the following:

• YouTube video
• YouTube channel

The same format can be used for other sites that host user-generated videos, such as Vimeo. 

Cite a livestream (e.g., YouTube live) that is not archived by its hosting platform and cannot be retrieved by any other means (i.e., recorded and made available online via another hosting site) as a personal communication . 

1. YouTube video

Asian Boss. (2020, June 5). World’s leading vaccine expert fact-checks COVID-19 vaccine conspiracy: Stay curious #22 [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WQdLDMLrYIA

Harvard University. (2019, August 28). Soft robotic gripper for jellyfish [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=guRoWTYfxMs

• Parenthetical citations : (Asian Boss, 2020; Harvard University, 2019)
• Narrative citations : Asian Boss (2020) and Harvard University (2019)
• Use the name of the account that uploaded the video as the author.
• If the account did not actually create the work, explain this in the text if it is important for readers to know. However, if that would mean citing a source that appears unauthoritative, you might also look for the author’s YouTube channel, official website, or other social media to see whether the same video is available elsewhere.
• To cite the words of individuals featured in a video, name or describe the individual(s) in your sentence in the text and then provide a parenthetical citation for the video. For example, the Asian Boss video is an interview with the director general of the International Vaccine Institute; you should provide details about who spoke and what they said in the text of the sentence and then cite the video using the parenthetical citation shown.
• Provide the specific date on which the video was uploaded.
• Italicize the title of the video.
• Include the description “[Video]” in square brackets after the title.
• Provide the site name (YouTube) and URL of the video.

2. YouTube channel

APA Publishing Training. (n.d.). Home [YouTube channel]. YouTube. Retrieved February 20, 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/user/PsycINFO/

Walker, A. (n.d.). Playlists [YouTube channel]. YouTube. Retrieved October 8, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/user/DjWalkzz/playlists

• Parenthetical citations : (APA Publishing Training, n.d.; Walker, n.d.)
• Narrative citations : APA Publishing Training (n.d.) and Walker (n.d.)
• YouTube channel pages begin on the “Home” tab by default. If you want to cite one of the other tabs (e.g., “Videos,” “Playlists”), use the name of that tab rather than “Home” in the title element of the reference (as in the Walker example).
• Italicize the title of the channel.
• Include the description “[YouTube channel]” in square brackets after the title.
• Provide a retrieval date because the content is designed to change over time and is not archived.

YouTube video references are covered in the seventh edition APA Style manuals in the Publication Manual Section 10.12 and the Concise Guide Section 10.10

How to Cite a YouTube Video

Create citations for free.

Website Book Journal Video

While you might first think of books, newspapers, and journal articles as go-to sources for academic assignments, YouTube provides a wealth of informative, easily accessible videos. Yes, there is questionable content, but the site is also filled with educational channels, snippets from evening news programs, and even full-length documentaries on a range of interesting and scholarly subjects.

Since YouTube has a ton of information, citing a video retrieved from YouTube might seem more difficult than citing a book. But the process is fairly simple—and we’ve put together this helpful guide on how to cite a YouTube video using MLA format , APA format, and Chicago style.

If you’ve previously cited a video from another website, you’re in luck: The process for citing a video from YouTube is basically the same. To provide an example, we’ve cited a video from the CrashCourse YouTube channel—run by “Fault in Our Stars” author John Green—that offers educational videos on a slew of topics, including history, chemistry, and psychology. This particular video is about the US Constitution, the Articles, and Federalism. We’ve laid out how to cite the video in MLA format, APA format, and Chicago style.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bO7FQsCcbD8

To properly cite a video from YouTube, you must consider the following pieces of information:

• Full name, username, or name of the company that posted the content
• Title of the video
• Title of the website (YouTube)
• Publisher of the video
• Date the video was posted
• Length or duration of the video
• URL or of the video

Use the following structure to cite a YouTube video in MLA 9:

Last name, First name (of the individual who posted the content) OR the name of the company OR the username. “Title of the Video.” Title of the Website , Name of the Publisher that uploaded the video (only include if it differs from the author or title), Date it was uploaded, URL.

Here’s how the above example would be cited in MLA 9 :

CrashCourse. “The Constitution, the Articles, and Federalism: Crash Course US History #8.” YouTube , 21 Mar. 2013, youtu.be/bO7FQsCcbD8.

If you need help with in-text and parenthetical citations, CitationMachine.net can help. Our MLA citation generator is simple and easy to use!

Use the following structure to create an APA citation for a YouTube video :

Name of the Account OR Last Name, First initial of uploader [YouTube Account Name]. (Year, Month Day it was posted). Title of the video [Video]. YouTube. URL

Here’s how the above example would be cited in APA:

CrashCourse. (2013, March 21). The Constitution, the Articles, and Federalism: Crash course in US History #8 [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/bO7FQsCcbD8

Use the following structure to cite a YouTube video in Chicago :

Last name, First name of the individual or the company who posted the content. “Title of Video.” YouTube video, length. Date published. URL.

Here’s how the above example would be cited in Chicago :

CrashCourse. “The Constitution, the Articles, and Federalism: Crash Course in US History #8.” YouTube video, 13:03. March 21, 2013. https://youtu.be/bO7FQsCcbD8

How useful was this post?

Click on a star to rate it!

We are sorry that this post was not useful for you!

Let us improve this post!

Tell us how we can improve this post?

Including the name(s) of the video poster is discussed in reference examples 88 and 90 of the APA Publication Manual , 7 th edition. If the video is posted on the organization’s official website, then the speaker or presenter’s name would be listed in the author field. However, if the video is posted on YouTube or any other video sharing site, the name of the account that uploaded the video is listed as the author instead, to aid retrieval.

APA reference list template and examples:

Presenter’s Last Name, F. M. or Uploader’s Last Name, F. M. [Username*]. (Date posted). Title of the video [Video]. Publisher. URL

Cutts, S. (2016, October 18). Are you lost in the world like me? [Video]. Vimeo. https://vimeo.com/209248444

Fogarty, M. [Grammar Girl]. (2016, September 30). How to diagram a sentence (absolute basics) [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zznr-e6A4mQ

Iimjobs. (2020, March 2). Chegg – Life at Chegg | Showcase | iimjobs.com [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44Nb3Ebtj9M

*Note: The username should be included if the account holder’s name and account name are both known and if including the username will help in retrieval.

Per the MLA Handbook , 9 th ed., the performer or creator is omitted if they are not mentioned in the source. Instead, the name of the uploader is included in the contributor field.

MLA works cited list template and example:

“Video Name.” Name of the Website , uploaded by Account Name, date video was posted, URL.

“Top 10 Unforgettable Buffy The Vampire Slayer Moments.” YouTube , uploaded by MsMojo, 1 Oct. 2016, www.youtube.com/watch?v=uKq4SjCPzII.

As per the APA Publication Manual , 7 th edition, the in-text citation for a direct quote from a YouTube video should include the last name of the person who uploaded the video, the year the video was published, and a timestamp of the quote you are citing.

APA in-text citation template and example:

(Uploader Surname, year, HH:MM:SS)

(Cutts, 2016, 1:12:37)

APA Citation Style, 7th edition: Youtube Video

• General Style Guidelines
• One Author or Editor
• Two Authors or Editors
• Three to Five Authors or Editors
• Article or Chapter in an Edited Book
• Article in a Reference Book
• Edition other than the First
• Translation
• Government Publication
• Journal Article with 1 Author
• Journal Article with 2 Authors
• Journal Article with 3–20 Authors
• Journal Article 21 or more Authors
• Magazine Article
• Newspaper Article
• Basic Web Page
• Web page from a University site
• Web Page with No Author
• Entry in a Reference Work
• Government Document
• Film and Television

Youtube Video

• Audio Podcast
• Electronic Image
• Twitter/Instagram
• Lecture/PPT
• Conferences
• Secondary Sources
• Citation Support
• Avoiding Plagiarism
• Formatting Your Paper

General Format

In-Text Citation (Paraphrase): 

(Author Surname OR Screen name, Year)

In-Text Citation (Quotation):

References:

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. OR Author screen name. (Year, Month Day {of video post}). Title of video [Video]. Title of website. URL of specific video

In-Text Citation (Paraphrase):

(Norton, 2006)

Norton, R. (2006, November 4). How to train a cat to operate a light switch [Video file]. YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vja83KLQXZs

Subject Guide

• << Previous: Film and Television
• Next: Audio Podcast >>

• Last Updated: Jun 25, 2024 9:21 AM
• URL: https://guides.himmelfarb.gwu.edu/APA

• Himmelfarb Intranet
• Privacy Notice
• Terms of Use
• GW is committed to digital accessibility. If you experience a barrier that affects your ability to access content on this page, let us know via the Accessibility Feedback Form .
• Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library
• 2300 Eye St., NW, Washington, DC 20037
• Phone: (202) 994-2850
• [email protected]
• https://himmelfarb.gwu.edu

• Joyner Library
• Laupus Health Sciences Library
• Music Library
• Digital Collections
• Special Collections
• North Carolina Collection
• Teaching Resources
• The ScholarShip Institutional Repository
• Country Doctor Museum

APA Citation Style, 7th Edition: YouTube or other streaming video

• APA 6/7 Comparison Guide
• New & Notable Changes
• Student Paper Layout
• Journal Article with One Author
• Journal Article with Two Authors
• Journal Article with Three or more Authors
• Help?! I can't find the DOI
• One Author/Editor
• Two Authors/Editors
• Chapter in a Book
• Electronic Books
• Social Media Posts
• YouTube or other streaming video
• Podcast or other audio works
• Infographic, Powerpoint, or other visual works
• Government Websites & Publications, & Gray Literature
• Legislative (US & State House & Senate) Bills
• StatPearls, UpToDate, DynaMedex
• Dissertations & Thesis
• Interviews & Emails
• Magazine Articles
• Newspaper Articles
• Datasets, Software, & Tests
• Posters & Conference Sessions
• Photographs, Tables, & PDF's
• Canvas Posts & Class Discussion Boards
• In-Text Citations & Paraphrasing
• References Page
• Free APA 7th edition Resources, Handouts, & Tutorials

Citing YouTube or other streaming video

Tips for citing YouTube and other video sources in APA 7th edition (p. 274, 342-344). 

• When adding a reference for a YouTube video, if you can locate it, add the uploader's last name, first initial as the "author." Then add their username in brackets, for example: Smith, J. [@smithjoe]. 
• After adding the title in italics, in plain text add "video' in brackets and then add YouTube as the platform, for example: How to make pancakes with almond butter [Video]. Youtube. 
• When adding an in-text citation for a direct quote from a video, make sure to add a timestamp after the date. For example, (Smith, 2018, 5:27)

CBS News. (2019, October 4).  The perils of private prison health care | Full documentary [Video] . YouTube.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CsQuOPy4zX0

In-text Citation (Paraphrase):

(CBS News, 2019)

In-text Citation (Direct Quote):

(CBS News, 2019, 3:15)

Carrie Forbes, MLS

Page References

Citation information has been adapted from the APA Manual (7th Edition). Please refer to Chapter 10: Reference Examples, pp. 274, 342-344 for more information. 

Helpful Tips

Tips for citing social media in APA 7th edition (p. 274, 342-344). 

• After adding the title in italics, in plain text add "video' in brackets and then add YouTube as the platform, for example:  How to make pancakes with almond butter  [Video]. Youtube. 

Chat with a Librarian

Chat with a librarian is available during Laupus Library's open hours . 

Need to contact a specific librarian? Find your liaison.

Call us: 1-888-820-0522 (toll free)

252-744-2230

Text us: 252-303-2343

• << Previous: Social Media Posts
• Next: Podcast or other audio works >>
• Last Updated: Jan 12, 2024 10:05 AM
• URL: https://libguides.ecu.edu/APA7

APA 7th Edition: Cite a YouTube Video or Website

• Download/Edit APA Paper Template
• Abstract Page
• APA Paper Section Headings
• Cite a YouTube Video or Website
• Missing Information from Source
• Reference Page
• Sample APA Paper
• APA Step by Step Guide
• APA Format Checklist
• Citation Generators

Cite a  YouTube Video , a  Website  or a Journal Article

(Remember ALL citations are formatted in APA 7th edition)

Cite a Web Page With No Author

How do you reference a web page that lists no author?

From the  APA Style Blog .

When there is no author for a web page, the title moves to the first position of the reference entry like this:

All 33 Chile miners freed in flawless rescue. (2010, October 13). MSNBC.  Retrieved from http://www.msnbc.msn.com/-id/39625809/ns/world_news-americas/

Cite in text the first few words of the reference list entry (usually the title) and the year. Use double quotation marks around the title or abbreviated title.: ("All 33 Chile Miners," 2010).

Note:  Articles found on the web, like the example above, are not italicized in the reference entry and are not italicized but enclosed in quotations in the in-text citation, just like a newspaper or magazine article.

Other APA Style Resources

APA Basics  LibGuide

APA Formatting   at Purdue OWL (Online Writing Lab) - 

Everything you ever wanted to know about APA formatting (from the famous Purdue OWL ).

• APA Style Blog The APA Style Blog is the official companion to the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Seventh Edition.
• BibMe How to Cite Anything in APA Format
• EasyBib General Rules for APA Style References

Cite a YouTube Video

Use the name of the account that uploaded the video as the author.

—---------------

Full Citation (for the References page):

Jidenna. (2020, June 3). The Lit Review: Qualified Immunity [Video].

           YouTube. https://youtu.be/V0_3HTc0NCU  

---------------

In-text citations (when you refer to the video in the text of your paper) :

Parenthetical in-text citation:  A special episode of The Lit Review was dedicated to the doctrine of qualified immunity (Jidenna, 2020).

Narrative in-text citation:

The panelists interviewed attorney Kristen Clarke, who enumerated three tools to combat the abuse of qualified immunity: 1.) local police departments holding individual officers accountable; 2.) criminal prosecution of officers who murder citizens by local government agencies; and 3.) civil investigation and prosecution of officers who abuse their power (Jidenna, 2020).

For more info, visit the official APA Style Blog here:  How to Cite an Online Video (YouTube) in APA 7 Format

Citing Journal Articles, Websites & Videos, and Creating In-Text Citations

• Quick Sheet - Citing Journal Articles, Websites & Videos, and Creating In-Text Citations Click Acrobat Icon above to view full document in a new tab.

A Monroe College Research Guide

                 THIS RESEARCH OR "LIBGUIDE" WAS PRODUCED BY THE LIBRARIANS OF MONROE COLLEGE                    

• << Previous: Citations
• Next: Missing Information from Source >>
• Last Updated: Jun 25, 2024 3:55 PM
• URL: https://monroecollege.libguides.com/apa
• Research Guides |
• Databases |

Citing a YouTube Video

Powered by chegg.

• Select style:
• Archive material
• Chapter of an edited book
• Conference proceedings
• Dictionary entry
• Dissertation
• DVD, video, or film
• E-book or PDF
• Edited book
• Encyclopedia article
• Government publication
• Music or recording
• Online image or video
• Presentation
• Press release
• Religious text

With smartphones and lightning fast Wi-Fi now part of everyday life, it is difficult to remember a time when online resources were not available to researchers and students. How did we ever find information quickly?

Some of the most popular and talked about types of online media are videos, like the kinds that millions of people view every day on sites like YouTube and Vimeo. While these sources are great ways to learn about a new topic in a fast and easy way, it can be tempting to neglect citing them properly in your paper.

Need to cite an online video that you’ve used for a research paper? You’ve come to the right place. Read on for guidelines on how to cite this type of source in MLA style, APA style, Harvard, and Chicago style. Also for consideration, Cite This For Me has a handy form for citing an online image or video.

Not sure which citation style you should be using? Check with your professor and ask which style they prefer before you start writing your paper and references.

What Information Do I Need?

The most efficient way to make citations for your paper is to develop them as you’re writing, instead of waiting until the end to start adding them. By completing them as you need them within your paper, you will be less likely to forget to include an important source that you used, and therefore be less likely to be accused of plagiarism.

The types of information you include in your online video citation can vary based on the particular source you are referencing and your citation style. Here is a list of the most frequently needed data points. We’ll be using the video example linked here below and throughout this guide:

Author/contributor names (this could also be an organization or a username in some cases): Brad Traversy Video title: CSS Crash Course For Absolute Beginners Website where you viewed the video: YouTube Date the video was published: July 19th 2017 Video publisher: Traversy Media Date you viewed the video: July 25th 2018 Video running time: 1:25:10 URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yfoY53QXEnI<

In-Text Citations

After you reference an online video in your paper, you should include an in-text citation that signals to the reader where you got your information from. These types of citations can be added into the sentences of your project and can look parenthetical (like this), or be footnotes that match up with a similarly numbered citation in a bibliography. All of this depends on which citation style you’re using.

Let’s take a look at some examples of how to cite an online video in MLA, APA, Chicago style format, and Harvard styles.

How to Cite an Online Video in APA Style

APA parenthetical citation: (Traversy, 2017)

APA parenthetical citation after quotation: (Traversy, 2017, 0:10)

Full citation:

Traversy, B. (2017, July 19). CSS crash course for absolute beginners [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yfoY53QXEnI

How to Cite an Online Video in MLA Style

MLA parent hetical citation: (“CSS Crash Course”)

“CSS Crash Course for Absolute Beginners.” YouTube , uploaded by Traversy Media, 19 Jul. 2019, www.youtube.com/watch?v=yfoY53QXEnI.

Note that MLA includes account name that uploaded the video in the “other contributors” slot since there is often no way to verify whether the account that uploaded the video and the author of the video are the same entity.

How to Cite an Online Video in Chicago Style Format (footnote/bibliography style)

Brad Traversy, “CSS Crash Course for Absolute Beginners,” YouTube Video, 1:25:10, July 19, 2017, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yfoY53QXEnI.

Bibliography:

Traversy, Brad. “CSS Crash Course for Absolute Beginners.” YouTube Video, 1:25:10. July 19, 2017. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yfoY53QXEnI.

How to Cite an Online Video in Harvard Style*

*This is according to Harvard Cite Them Right Style 10th edition.

Harvard referencing parenthetical citation: (Traversy, 2017)

Traversy (2017) CSS crash course for absolute beginners. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yfoY53QXEnI (Accessed: 25 July 2018).

Making citations for online videos is easier than ever with Cite This For Me!

The in-text citation in APA style, in general, includes only the names of the contributors (or authors) and the publication year. The author of an audiovisual work depends on the type of media. YouTube is an audiovisual work for which the uploader’s name should be used in the author’s place. Therefore, to cite YouTube in the text, you need to include the name of the uploader of the YouTube video (though the uploader is not the original creator of the work) and the publication year.

Below you will find an example of how to format an in-text citation for YouTube in APA style:

Narrative: Uploader’s Surname (Year)

Parenthetical: (Uploader’s Surname, Year)

Narrative: Tucker (2017)

Parenthetical: (Tucker, 2017)

To provide an in-text citation for a YouTube video in MLA style, a shortened form of the video title is used.

Format for the In-text Citation for a YouTube Video

Prose: “Shortened Title of the Video”

Parenthetical: (“Shortened Title of the Video”)

Prose: The documentary “Dark Clouds” . . .

Parenthetical: (“Dark Clouds”)

If a specific portion of the video is the focus, a time stamp is used displaying the relevant hours, minutes, and seconds.

Format for the In-text Citation for a YouTube Video of a Television Show with a Time Stamp

Prose: “ Title ” (Time stamp)

Parenthetical: (“ Title ” Time stamp)

Prose: In the opening scene from an episode of “ Friends ” (00:00:02-00:03:10) . . .

Parenthetical: (“ Friends ” 00:00:02-00:03:10)

Per Chapter 10 of the APA Publication Manual , a reference list entry for a YouTube video should include the name of the channel and/or name of the person who uploaded the video, the date the video was published, title of the video, and URL.

The templates and examples below show how to create a reference list entry for a YouTube video in APA style.

Uploader’s Last Name, First Initial. [Channel Name]. (Year, Month Date video was published). Name of the video [Video]. YouTube. URL

Fogarty, M. [Grammar Girl]. (2021, May 28). Noah Webster’s influence on American English [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DqszseM7xlM

If the name of the uploader is unknown, or if the video was posted by an institution/organization, use the institution’s name instead of the individual contributor’s name at the beginning of your citation.

Institution/Organization Name. (Year, Month Date video was published). Name of the video [Video]. YouTube. URL

TED. (2012, October 1). Your body language may shape who you are | Amy Cuddy [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ks-_Mh1QhMc

While the MLA handbook does not provide specific guidelines for citing a comment in the comments section for a YouTube video, it does provide guidelines and an example on how to provide references for comments generally. Most importantly, your citation should help the reader to easily locate the source (in this case, the comment made).

Commenter’s Name. Comment on “Video Name.” Website , uploaded by Uploader Name, Date, URL.

Bunh The Chau. Comment on “Chegg Writing: Grammar & Plagiarism.” YouTube , uploaded by Chegg, 12 Nov. 2020, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jPFg5KI_6ZI.

The in-text citation formats are provided below. The first time a resource is mentioned, a citation in prose format should be used. Thereafter, either format can be used.

Citation in Prose: Name

Bunh The Chau

Parenthetical Citation: (Name)

(Bunh The Chau)

To format a footnote to a YouTube video in Chicago style, include the speaker(s) in the video (if known), the title of the video, the uploader of the video, the date posted, an indication of the source type (e.g., “YouTube video”), the length of the video, and the URL. The idiosyncratic capitalization (“YouTube”) must be preserved.

• Peter Thomson et al., “The Sustainable Development Goal 4, Education – Press Conference (28 June 2017),” United Nations, streamed on June 28, 2017, YouTube video, 31:28, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w8Wt3K1DgDw&list=PLwoDFQJEq_0buo7GDyAEJ9QNbhUuRnIQY.

To format a bibliography entry for a YouTube video in Chicago style, include the speaker’s name(s) in the author element (if known) in inverse order (e.g., Biden, Joe.), the title of the video, the uploader’s name, the streaming date, an indication of the source type (e.g., “YouTube video”), the length of the video, and the URL. The idiosyncratic capitalization (“YouTube”) should be preserved.

“40 Dangerous Animals Caught Being Friendly.” Come Along. Streamed on December 8, 2021. YouTube video, 18:38. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-qf1iPGd_Sk.

To cite a comment on a YouTube video in a footnote, include the commenter name, the date of comment (if available), the phrase “comment on,” followed by the video’s citation information, including the video’s title, the uploader, the streaming date, the video format (YouTube video), the video length, and the URL.

• Raja Izhar, comment on “The Sustainable Development Goal 4, Education – Press Conference (28 June 2017),” United Nations, streamed on June 28, 2017, YouTube video, 31:28, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w8Wt3K1DgDw&list=PLwoDFQJEq_0buo7GDyAEJ9QNbhUuRnIQY.

As per MLA style, the account name of the uploader is included in the “other contributors” section. More often than not, videos are uploaded by a person who is not the creator. Further, there is no way with the information provided that a user can verify if the video’s creator and uploader are the same person. Hence, the account name is included in the “other contributors” section.

Home / Guides / Citation Guides / Harvard Referencing / Harvard Referencing Style Examples / How to reference a YouTube (or an online) video in Harvard style

How to reference a YouTube (or an online) video in Harvard style

This guide covers how to reference YouTube videos in the Harvard referencing style. Since YouTube isn’t a conventional source for academic research, the rules for citing YouTube videos are a little different from those you have used for other sources. This guide will look at the conventions to be followed when referencing YouTube videos.

Citing a video from YouTube  

Keep in mind that if you are referencing a section of the video, you should include a time code in your in-text citation. The format for the time code is minutes:seconds .  

Alternatively, if the entire video is relevant, then you don’t need to include the time code. You’ll find two examples for each scenario below.  

In-text c itation template:

(Username/screen name, Year in which video was posted, mm:ss)

Reference list template:

Username or screen name (Year in which video was posted) Video title. Upload Day Month. Available at: YouTube or URL of the video (Accessed: Date).

When a specific part is highlighted

In-text citation  

George Smoot states that it is now possible to map an entire human brain and turn it into a computer model (TEDx Talks, 2014, 12:17) …

Reference list

TEDx Talks (2014) You are a simulation & physics can prove It: George Smoot at TEDxSalford . 12 February. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Chfoo9NBEow (Accessed: 24 September 2020).

When the whole video is relevant

Elon Musk thinks that it is possible to make Mars habitable by nuking it (SciShow Space, 2015) …

SciShow Space (2015) Let’s nuke Mars! 18 September. Available at:   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g7Iiz_b_lYU (Accessed: 20 July 2020).

Citing a video embedded in a website

Sometimes, you’ll find videos embedded on a web page. To reference these, Harvard style recommends pointing the reader to where you found the source. It is possible that you will need to click through to the original source of the embedded video to obtain all the information you need to reference it, but you can still use the original URL to build your citation.

In-text c itation structure:

Reference list structure:

Username or screen name (Year in which video was posted) Video title. Upload date. Available at: URL (Accessed: Date).

During the annual Groundhog Day celebrations in Punxsutawney (CNN, 2020, 01:12) …

CNN (2015) Punxsutawney Phil predicts an early spring . 2 February. Available at: https://edition.cnn.com/videos/us/2020/02/02/groundhog-day-2020-punxsutawney-phil-prediction-vpx.cnn (Accessed: 20 July 2020).

Key takeaways

• Keep in mind that if you are highlighting just a section of the video, you should include a time code in your in-text citation. The format to be used is minutes:seconds.
• Alternatively, if the entire video is relevant, then you don’t need to use the time code.

Published October 29, 2020.

Harvard Formatting Guide

Harvard Formatting

• et al Usage
• Direct Quotes
• In-text Citations
• Multiple Authors
• Page Numbers
• Writing an Outline
• View Harvard Guide

Reference Examples

• View all Harvard Examples

How useful was this post?

Click on a star to rate it!

We are sorry that this post was not useful for you!

Let us improve this post!

Tell us how we can improve this post?

Harvard Referencing Examples

Writing Tools

Citation Generators

Other Citation Styles

Plagiarism Checker

Upload a paper to check for plagiarism against billions of sources and get advanced writing suggestions for clarity and style.

Get Started

• Bibliography Answers

How to cite a YouTube video

In this guide we’re going to show you the easiest way to cite a YouTube video. YouTube is full of educational material, and as more citable sources move online it’s no longer strange to use YouTube as a resource for your assignments and papers. Here’s how to cite a YouTube video in some of the most popular citation styles: APA , MLA , and Harvard .

 How to cite a YouTube video automatically

The easiest way to create a YouTube citation is to use our citation generator below. Simply paste in the video URL into the search box and we’ll magically find all the details and put them in the right order for your citation. Then just copy and paste it into your paper.

 How to cite a YouTube video manually

If you want to learn how to write the citation by hand then use the templates below corresponding to the citation style you need:

 In APA style

First, locate the following details for the video: author or creator of the video, video title, the date it was uploaded, and the full link to the video .

• The author or creator can be found underneath the video itself on the YouTube page.
• The video title can also be found directly under the video.
• The upload date can be found under the video too.
• The URL can be copied out of the browser address bar. If you’re using the YouTube app then you can usually find this by sharing the video and selecting the ‘link’ option.

Once you have those details, put them in this order with the following punctuation:

Author last name , Author first name initial . ( Uploaded year , Uploaded month and day ). Video title YouTube . Retrieved from Video URL

Your citation should look like this:

Techquickie. (2018, August 10). How Does Spotify Work? YouTube . Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F9sbMVkdCcY

In a lot of cases (like the above example) the author will be a business or just a username, not a real name. In these cases simply list the full username in place of the author last name and first name initial.

 In MLA 8 style

You need the following details for MLA 8 style: author or creator of the video, video title, the date it was uploaded, the full link to the video, and the access date (the date you watched the video) .

• The access date is the date you viewed the video (usually today)

Then use this template:

Author last name , Author first name . “ Video title ” , Upload date , Video URL . Accessed Access date .

The final formatted citation should look like this:

Techquickie. “How Does Spotify Work?” YouTube , 10 Aug. 2018, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F9sbMVkdCcY. Accessed 18 Aug. 2018.

In a lot of cases (like the above example) the author will be a business or just a username, not a real name. In these cases simply list the full username in place of the author last name and first name.

 In Harvard style

Harvard format is very similar to APA. First, locate these details for the video: author or creator of the video, video title, the date it was uploaded, the full link to the video, and the access date (date you viewed the video) .

Author last name , Author first name initial . ( Upload date year ) “ Video title ,” YouTube . Available at: Video URL (Accessed: Date accessed ).

Techquickie (2018) “How Does Spotify Work?,” YouTube . Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F9sbMVkdCcY (Accessed: August 18, 2018).

Daniel is a qualified librarian, former teacher, and citation expert. He has been contributing to MyBib since 2018.

• Bipolar Disorder
• Therapy Center
• When To See a Therapist
• Types of Therapy
• Best Online Therapy
• Best Couples Therapy
• Best Family Therapy
• Managing Stress
• Sleep and Dreaming
• Understanding Emotions
• Self-Improvement
• Healthy Relationships
• Student Resources
• Personality Types
• Guided Meditations
• Verywell Mind Insights
• 2024 Verywell Mind 25
• Mental Health in the Classroom
• Editorial Process
• Meet Our Review Board
• Crisis Support

How to Cite Videos in APA Format

Kendra Cherry, MS, is a psychosocial rehabilitation specialist, psychology educator, and author of the "Everything Psychology Book."

Emily is a board-certified science editor who has worked with top digital publishing brands like Voices for Biodiversity, Study.com, GoodTherapy, Vox, and Verywell.

damircudic / Getty Images

What Is APA Format?

• Citing a YouTube Video
• Choosing a YouTube Video
• Citing a Video Podcast

How to Cite a Film or Television Show in APA Format

Frequently asked questions.

While books and journal articles are often the primary sources for psychology papers, it is becoming increasingly common to cite audiovisual sources. The types of videos you might need to cite include streaming movies, television programs, YouTube videos, or other online video clips. If you need to reference a video for a psychology paper, you need to follow APA format to ensure it is cited correctly.

At a Glance

APA format specifies certain guidelines for citing different sources, including videos. This format differs slightly from how you would cite a printed source. It includes information about the video creator, date, and title, much like a printed source. However, it also includes the word [Video] in brackets after the title. Next, the citation should also include the host site and url where the video can be found.

APA format is the official writing style used by the American Psychological Association . Researchers use this style when publishing articles in professional journals. Students also use this style when writing papers for psychology and social science courses, including education and sociology.

One challenge that students may face is figuring out how to cite different types of sources. A citation for a book reference, for example, will look somewhat different than that of an online source. Video content is becoming an increasingly important source of information, so how exactly would you cite something like a YouTube video or other online video in APA format?

APA Format for a YouTube Video

APA format for online videos is similar to that of other types of digital media and online content. The format should be:

• The name of the person and/or the name of the account that uploaded the video
• The specific date the video was uploaded in parentheses
• The title of the video in italics
• The description "[Video]" in brackets after the title
• The site name (such as YouTube, Vimeo, or other source) and the full video URL

Video Citation Example

TED-Ed. (2018, May 21). How to stay calm under pressure. [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CqgmozFr_GM

Some types of electronic sources need to be surrounded by brackets. According to APA's official style guide, the brackets should surround the necessary content with no spaces between the text and the brackets [like this].

Because many online video creators utilize pseudonyms online, you should also include the author’s screen name in brackets when relevant.

Choosing a Video to Cite in APA Format

It's important that the videos you cite are both reliable and up-to-date. According to APA guidelines, you can determine whether a source is reliable by looking at the author's expertise and the vetting standards of the organization or group that published the video.

For instance, many established organizations such as the American Psychological Association (APA), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) have YouTube channels and publish videos that would be considered reliable sources.

Even individual researchers or scientists may publish their research on YouTube—just be sure to do the research on the individual to be sure that the videos they post are coming directly from them (and not from someone else), and that this person is accredited or credentialed in the area of study they're presenting.

Try to use up-to-date videos as often as possible to be sure you're including the most recent research in your paper.

Citing a Video Podcast in APA Format

Video podcasts are another type of video format that you may want to cite. Such podcasts often feature interviews with experts, which can be a great source of unique information for your paper.

If you are citing a video podcast, whether it is hosted on YouTube or published on the author’s own website, use the following format:

Video Podcast Example

James, S. (Host). (2019, March 1). Examining the bystander effect (No. 2) [Video podcast]. In This Week in Psychology. Website. http://www.psyyweekly.com/fakepodcasturl

As you can see in the example above, you should begin by listing the author, then identifying them as the host of the program in parentheses. Next, include the date. After that, list the title of the episode, the episode number in parentheses, and the media type in brackets. This should then be followed by the name of the video podcast, the name of the website it was retrieved from, and the URL.

Also note in the above example that the title of the video podcast is in italics. The official APA publication manual states that when written, video, or audio posts are part of an overarching work (such as a blog or podcast series), the title of the total work should be included in italics. This follows the same format that you would use if you were citing an individual chapter that was part of a book.

The format for citing films and television programs is similar to that of online videos, but does not include a page URL.

For a film, the director is cited as the author, followed by the label (Director) in parentheses. The production company should be listed as the publisher. The title should be provided in italics and sentence case. It should then be followed by the label [Film] in brackets.  

For a television program, list the executive producer as the author, followed by the label (Executive producer) in parentheses. Then include the years the show aired in parentheses, followed by the title in italics and sentence case. It should then be followed by the label [TV series] in brackets. Finally, include the name of the production company as the publisher.

Film/TV Show Example

Smith, K. (Director). (2022). The day it happened [Film]. Starling Cinema; Barkly Studios.

Rockland, H. (Executive Producer). (2013-2015). Dark skies [TV series]. Spring Films; ABC Productions.

APA format has many different rules and guidelines for citing various types of sources, so you should always check the official guidebook to make sure that your citations and references are correct. Whenever you cite an online source—whether it's a webpage or a video—you should follow the basic rules for citing electronic sources. This includes listing the author of the video, the date, the title, and the online location of the video.

Always type the creator’s username or screen name exactly as it appears, including both spelling and capitalization.

Include the name of the page or account that uploaded the video. Put this information at the beginning of the citation (where the author's name would go).

On YouTube and many other video platforms, people must publish their content under a username or screen name. While you can sometimes find a person's YouTube page by searching their real name online, you want to be sure to cite their exact username so that someone can find the video you cited.

That depends on the guidelines your instructor gives you. If you are unsure, ask them. But there are reasons why you might want to cite a YouTube video in your academic writing. The video may contain information not available elsewhere, it may feature an interview with an expert on a topic, or it may present unique examples that you want to reference in your paper.

If the name of the person who is interviewed is not mentioned in the title of the video, do not include it in the reference. One way to refer to the interview subject, however, is to refer to them in the text of your paper, where you cite the reference. "For example, Philip Zimbardo noted that... (Psych Interview, 2013)."

American Psychological Association. YouTube Video References .

APA Style Blog, 6th Edition Archive.  How to create a reference for a Youtube video .

American Psychological Association. APA style blog .

Cho D, Cosimini M, Espinoza J. Podcasting in medical education: A review of the literature . Korean J Med Educ . 2017;(29)4:229-239.  doi:10.3946/kjme.2017.69

APA Style. Film and television references .

American Psychological Association. Transcript of an audiovisual work references .

American Psychological Association. YouTube video references .

American Psychological Association. Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.). Washington DC: The American Psychological Association; 2019.

By Kendra Cherry, MSEd Kendra Cherry, MS, is a psychosocial rehabilitation specialist, psychology educator, and author of the "Everything Psychology Book."

• PRO Courses Guides New Tech Help Pro Expert Videos About wikiHow Pro Upgrade Sign In
• EDIT Edit this Article
• EXPLORE Tech Help Pro About Us Random Article Quizzes Request a New Article Community Dashboard This Or That Game Popular Categories Arts and Entertainment Artwork Books Movies Computers and Electronics Computers Phone Skills Technology Hacks Health Men's Health Mental Health Women's Health Relationships Dating Love Relationship Issues Hobbies and Crafts Crafts Drawing Games Education & Communication Communication Skills Personal Development Studying Personal Care and Style Fashion Hair Care Personal Hygiene Youth Personal Care School Stuff Dating All Categories Arts and Entertainment Finance and Business Home and Garden Relationship Quizzes Cars & Other Vehicles Food and Entertaining Personal Care and Style Sports and Fitness Computers and Electronics Health Pets and Animals Travel Education & Communication Hobbies and Crafts Philosophy and Religion Work World Family Life Holidays and Traditions Relationships Youth
• Browse Articles
• Learn Something New
• Quizzes Hot
• This Or That Game
• Train Your Brain
• Explore More
• Support wikiHow
• About wikiHow
• Log in / Sign up
• Computers and Electronics
• Video Hosting and Sharing Websites
• YouTube Videos

How to Cite a YouTube Video

Last Updated: February 4, 2024 References

This article was co-authored by Cara Barker, MA and by wikiHow staff writer, Jennifer Mueller, JD . Cara Barker is an Assistant Professor and Research and Instruction Librarian at Hunter Library at Western Carolina University. She received her Masters in Library and Information Sciences from the University of Washington in 2014. She has over 16 years of experience working with libraries across the United States. There are 8 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. This article has been viewed 525,549 times.

This wikiHow will teach you the right way to cite a YouTube video, whether you're using MLA, APA, or Chicago style. Citing a YouTube video is actually really simple! You'll just need some basic information about the video (the name of the creator, the title of the video, the date it was uploaded, etc) all of which you can find right on YouTube. Below we'll walk you through exactly what you need and how to format your citation depending on which style you're using.

• Example: Fong, Rachel.

• Example: Fong, Rachel. "How to Make Pumpkin Spice Latte Cake Pops!"
• Note that if the video title includes its own punctuation, as in the example, you should use that instead of a period.

• Example: Fong, Rachel. "How to Make Pumpkin Spice Latte Cake Pops!" YouTube , uploaded by Kawaii Sweet World,

• Example: Fong, Rachel. "How to Make Pumpkin Spice Latte Cake Pops!" YouTube , uploaded by Kawaii Sweet World, 26 Sep. 2016, www.youtube.com/watch?v=uDI5ti2ZvBs.

• Example: Fong, Rachel. "How to Make Pumpkin Spice Latte Cake Pops!" YouTube , uploaded by Kawaii Sweet World, 26 Sep. 2016, www.youtube.com/watch?v=uDI5ti2ZvBs. Accessed 30 July 2020.

• For example, you might write: Pumpkin spice latte cake pops use homemade pumpkin bread as the base (Fong 1:09).
• If you use the creator's name in the text of your paper, you only need to include the time stamp in your parenthetical citation. For example, you might write: From the outset, Fong admits that pumpkin spice lattes are "kind of a polarizing thing" (0:24).

• Example: Mishler, A.
• In the example, although the creator's full name isn't included on her YouTube page, you could find it with an internet search. However, if you were unable to find it, you could also use the user name. Copy the same capitalization and spacing for the user name that you see on YouTube. [5] X Research source In the example, the user name is "Yoga With Adriene."

• Example: Mishler, A. (2017, November 5).

• Example: Mishler, A. (2017, November 5). Yoga morning fresh [Video].

• Example: Mishler, A. (2017, November 5). Yoga morning fresh [Video]. YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OMu6OKF5Z1k

• For example, you might write: Morning yoga enables you to start the day fresh with a clear mind (Mishler, 2017).
• If you include the creator's name in the text of your paper, place a parenthetical with the year immediately after their name. For example, you might write: Mishler (2017) emphasizes adjusting poses so that they feel right for you.
• If you're quoting directly from the video, include a timestamp instead of the page number you would use for a quotation from a print source. For example, you might write: Yoga practitioners are encouraged to find the shape naturally and move "in a way that feels good" (Mishler, 2017, 3:49). [10] X Research source

• If there are 2 creators, type "and" after the first creator's name, then add the second creator's name in first name-last name format.
• Example: Chen, Eddie and Brett Yang.

• Example: Chen, Eddie and Brett Yang. "Emotional Sounds on the Violin."

• Example: Chen, Eddie and Brett Yang. "Emotional Sounds on the Violin." TwoSet Violin.

• Example: Chen, Eddie and Brett Yang. "Emotional Sounds on the Violin." TwoSet Violin. Posted on December 8, 2018.

• Example: Chen, Eddie and Brett Yang. "Emotional Sounds on the Violin." TwoSet Violin. Posted on December 8, 2018. YouTube video, 10:31. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u7fkd7RVLnQ.

• Example: Eddie Chen and Brett Yang, "Emotional Sounds on the Violin," TwoSet Violin, posted on December 8, 2018, YouTube video, 10:31, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u7fkd7RVLnQ.
• After your first footnote, you only need to use the creator's name and the title of the video in subsequent footnotes. For example: Eddie Chen and Brett Yang, "Emotional Sounds on the Violin."
• If you quote directly from the video, include a timestamp where the quoted material begins at the end of your footnote.

Expert Q&A

• While you may not have enough information to fill all the elements of a full reference entry, try to include as much information as you have. Err on the side of including any information you know rather than leaving it out. [14] X Research source Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0
• Not all YouTube videos will have the full name of the author or the creator, but you can often find this with a quick internet search of the user name. Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0
• This article uses the MLA 8th edition (2016), APA 7th edition (2019), and Chicago 17th edition (2017). Ask your instructor which edition you're supposed to use to make sure your citations are formatted correctly. Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0

• Cite to the official YouTube channel of the creator of the video whenever possible. Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0
• Don't use YouTube as a source for content that would violate copyright laws, such as an unauthorized clip from a movie or a recording of a song. Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0

You Might Also Like

• ↑ https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/mla_style/mla_formatting_and_style_guide/mla_works_cited_electronic_sources.html
• ↑ https://guides.himmelfarb.gwu.edu/c.php?g=27779&p=170348
• ↑ https://libanswers.snhu.edu/faq/8628
• ↑ https://writeanswers.royalroads.ca/faq/199138
• ↑ https://guides.himmelfarb.gwu.edu/APA/av-youtube-video
• ↑ https://sfcollege.libguides.com/apa7/media
• ↑ https://libanswers.snhu.edu/faq/48007
• ↑ https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/chicago_manual_17th_edition/cmos_formatting_and_style_guide/web_sources.html

About This Article

• Send fan mail to authors

Reader Success Stories

Mar 2, 2019

Is this article up to date?

Nadrev Caranay

Sep 13, 2016

Featured Articles

Trending Articles

Watch Articles

• Terms of Use
• Privacy Policy
• Do Not Sell or Share My Info
• Not Selling Info

wikiHow Tech Help Pro:

Level up your tech skills and stay ahead of the curve

How to Cite a YouTube Video in APA and MLA Style

Your changes have been saved

Email Is sent

Please verify your email address.

You’ve reached your account maximum for followed topics.

LightPDF Now Comes With Integrated AI Capabilities

I used linkedin premium for 1 month: here's why you shouldn't bother with it, this malware targets those looking for work: here's how.

With more and more information being provided on platforms like YouTube, citing sources for your research projects can be tricky. Whether you're using MLA or APA, the entire format can change if the uploader is different from the author, or if you are citing an interview on Youtube versus a regular video.

Here's how to cite a YouTube video in APA and MLA formats, so you never have to worry about improper bibliographies again.

MLA and APA Citation Basics

Before we get started, it's important to understand the contents of MLA and APA citations for online videos. Fortunately, these types of MLA and APA citations both largely contain the same information.

Here's a breakdown of the information included in both MLA and APA citations for YouTube videos:

• Name:  The full name refers to the actual person who uploaded the video—this is not necessarily the same as the person who is depicted in the video. If you were watching a Lady Gaga video, but it was uploaded by GagaFanatic20, you would want to use the screen name for GagaFanatic20, or their real name (if available).
• Date: The year, month, and day the video was published. Keep in mind that this is not the date you found the video or the date you are writing your article.
• Title :  Use the title of the video.
• URL : The site where you found the video—YouTube, in this case—and the URL of the video. Don't include any tracking parameters in your URL if you found it through another site, like Facebook.

How to Cite a YouTube Video in APA

Citing a YouTube video isn't much different than citing other sources like PowerPoint presentations . You need to include as much information as possible, so the reader can find the video at a later time.

Your citation will include the full name and/or channel name of the uploader, the publication date, the title of the video, the hosting website (YouTube in this case), and the URL for the video.

Follow the format below for APA citations:

If you're quoting or referring to a specific part of a video, you will need to include a timestamp in your in-text citation, pointing to the exact moment of the video you are referencing. For example, "(GagaFanatic20, 2016)" or "(GagaFanatic, 2016, 0:45)"

Citing a YouTube Channel in APA

If you want to cite a YouTube channel instead of an individual video, you will follow a slightly different format:

As you can see, you don't need to include the date that the channel was actually published. Instead, you'll just write n.d. (no date).

"Home" refers to the channel's homepage. And instead of including "video" to let people know about the media type, just write "YouTube channel" in its place. You'll also want to add the date that you found the channel, followed by the URL of the channel's homepage.

How to Cite a YouTube Video in MLA

Even though MLA citations will follow a slightly different format, the information will mostly remain the same. In your citation, include the title of the video, the website you found the video on, the screen name of the uploader, the publish date, and URL:

You'll also follow this format if the uploader was the same person as the author of the video. If the person who authored the video is not the same as the person who uploaded it, you will need to put their full name before the title of the video, as shown below:

Unlike APA style, which requires you to italicize the name of the video, you will have to italicize "YouTube" in MLA format. The date still refers to the publish date and not the date you wrote the article or found the video.

When writing your in-text citations, write the author's last name followed by the timestamp of the video. If the author is the same as the uploader, or if you don't have the author's last name, just use the title of the video:

• (Last name, 00:01:15 - 00:02:00)
• ("Title of video," 00:01:15 - 00:02:00)

Citing a YouTube Interview in MLA

If you are citing an interview on YouTube, use the interviewee's name as the author, while also including the YouTube channel's name.

If you're citing a whole movie or TV show that was uploaded to YouTube, use the MLA movie citation format instead. If you're still a little confused, Google Docs has add-ons that make your citations and bibliographies easier to write.

Where You Can Find YouTube Citation Information

All the information that you need for your YouTube citations can be found directly below the video you are citing.

The title, publish date, and author name will be on the left side, directly under the video. Write the name of the channel exactly as it appears on screen, but make sure the YouTube title follows APA and MLA capitalization rules.

To find the URL, click on the Share  button under the video on the right side. Click on the Copy button to copy the URL directly to your clipboard. Then, paste the URL directly into the citation. This will keep you from copying improper URLs that contain extra tracking parameters.

Easily Write YouTube Citations in MLA and APA Format

YouTube citations need to include relevant information to help your readers find the video you referenced. Citations can be a lot of work, and if you're tired of doing everything by hand, just use an automatic citation app instead.

• Productivity

We use cookies to give you the best experience possible. By continuing we’ll assume you’re on board with our cookie policy

• A Research Guide
• Citation Guides
• Citation Basics

How to Cite YouTube Videos in Your Paper

Information to be considered while citing a YouTube video

• The name of the person or company who have complied or created and posted the video. It can be the full name or the username.
• Name or the title of the video
• Website title, i.e. YouTube
• The date when the video was posted
• The date when the video was retrieved
• Video length or duration in hours, minutes and seconds
• Video URL (specific URL of the video)

Main citation styles

• APAcitation style – Popularly used in educational, psychological and scientific papers
• MLAcitation style – Used by humanities like literature, art, language, history etc.
• Chicagoor Turabian citation style – Mainly used by the business, fine arts and history

How to use a citation style to cite a YouTube video

Apa citation style, mla   citation   style, chicago citation style.

By clicking "Log In", you agree to our terms of service and privacy policy . We'll occasionally send you account related and promo emails.

Sign Up for your FREE account

Purdue Online Writing Lab Purdue OWL® College of Liberal Arts

MLA Works Cited: Electronic Sources (Web Publications)

Welcome to the Purdue OWL

This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue University. When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice.

Copyright ©1995-2018 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.

The MLA Handbook highlights principles over prescriptive practices. Essentially, a writer will need to take note of primary elements in every source, such as author, title, etc. and then assort them in a general format. Thus, by using this methodology, a writer will be able to cite any source regardless of whether it’s included in this list.

However, this guide will highlight a few concerns when citing digital sources in MLA style.

Best Practices for Managing Online Sources

Because online information can change or disappear, it is always a good idea to keep personal copies of important electronic information whenever possible. Downloading or even printing key documents ensures you have a stable backup. You can also use the Bookmark function in your web browser in order to build an easy-to-access reference for all of your project's sources (though this will not help you if the information is changed or deleted).

It is also wise to keep a record of when you first consult with each online source. MLA uses the phrase, “Accessed” to denote which date you accessed the web page when available or necessary. It is not required to do so, but it is encouraged (especially when there is no copyright date listed on a website).

Important Note on the Use of URLs in MLA

Include a URL or web address to help readers locate your sources. Because web addresses are not static (i.e., they change often) and because documents sometimes appear in multiple places on the web (e.g., on multiple databases), MLA encourages the use of citing containers such as Youtube, JSTOR, Spotify, or Netflix in order to easily access and verify sources. However, MLA only requires the www. address, so eliminate all https:// when citing URLs.

Many scholarly journal articles found in databases include a DOI (digital object identifier). If a DOI is available, cite the DOI number instead of the URL.

Online newspapers and magazines sometimes include a “permalink,” which is a shortened, stable version of a URL. Look for a “share” or “cite this” button to see if a source includes a permalink. If you can find a permalink, use that instead of a URL.

Abbreviations Commonly Used with Electronic Sources

If page numbers are not available, use par. or pars. to denote paragraph numbers. Use these in place of the p. or pp. abbreviation. Par. would be used for a single paragraph, while pars. would be used for a span of two or more paragraphs.

Basic Style for Citations of Electronic Sources (Including Online Databases)

Here are some common features you should try to find before citing electronic sources in MLA style. Not every web page will provide all of the following information. However, collect as much of the following information as possible:

• Author and/or editor names (if available); last names first.
• "Article name in quotation marks."
• Title of the website, project, or book in italics.
• Any version numbers available, including editions (ed.), revisions, posting dates, volumes (vol.), or issue numbers (no.).
• Publisher information, including the publisher name and publishing date.
• Take note of any page numbers (p. or pp.) or paragraph numbers (par. or pars.).
• DOI (if available, precede it with "https://doi.org/"), otherwise a URL (without the https://) or permalink.
• Date you accessed the material (Date Accessed). While not required, saving this information it is highly recommended, especially when dealing with pages that change frequently or do not have a visible copyright date.

Use the following format:

Author. "Title." Title of container (self contained if book) , Other contributors (translators or editors), Version (edition), Number (vol. and/or no.), Publisher, Publication Date, Location (pages, paragraphs and/or URL, DOI or permalink). 2 nd container’s title , Other contributors, Version, Number, Publisher, Publication date, Location, Date of Access (if applicable).

Citing an Entire Web Site

When citing an entire website, follow the same format as listed above, but include a compiler name if no single author is available.

Author, or compiler name (if available). Name of Site. Version number (if available), Name of institution/organization affiliated with the site (sponsor or publisher), date of resource creation (if available), DOI (preferred), otherwise include a URL or permalink. Date of access (if applicable).

Editor, author, or compiler name (if available). Name of Site . Version number, Name of institution/organization affiliated with the site (sponsor or publisher), date of resource creation (if available), URL, DOI or permalink. Date of access (if applicable).

The Purdue OWL Family of Sites . The Writing Lab and OWL at Purdue and Purdue U, 2008, owl.english.purdue.edu/owl. Accessed 23 Apr. 2008.

Felluga, Dino. Guide to Literary and Critical Theory . Purdue U, 28 Nov. 2003, www.cla.purdue.edu/english/theory/. Accessed 10 May 2006.

Course or Department Websites

Give the instructor name. Then list the title of the course (or the school catalog designation for the course) in italics. Give appropriate department and school names as well, following the course title.

Felluga, Dino. Survey of the Literature of England . Purdue U, Aug. 2006, web.ics.purdue.edu/~felluga/241/241/Home.html. Accessed 31 May 2007.

English Department . Purdue U, 20 Apr. 2009, www.cla.purdue.edu/english/. Accessed 31 May 2015.

A Page on a Web Site

For an individual page on a Web site, list the author or alias if known, followed by an indication of the specific page or article being referenced. Usually, the title of the page or article appears in a header at the top of the page. Follow this with the information covered above for entire Web sites. If the publisher is the same as the website name, only list it once.

Lundman, Susan. “How to Make Vegetarian Chili.”  eHow , www.ehow.com/how_10727_make-vegetarian-chili.html. Accessed 6 July 2015.

“ Athlete's Foot - Topic Overview. ”   WebMD , 25 Sept. 2014, www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/tc/athletes-foot-topic-overview.

Citations for e-books closely resemble those for physical books. Simply indicate that the book in question is an e-book by putting the term "e-book" in the "version" slot of the MLA template (i.e., after the author, the title of the source, the title of the container, and the names of any other contributors).

Silva, Paul J.  How to Write a Lot: A Practical Guide to Productive Academic Writing. E-book, American Psychological Association, 2007.

If the e-book is formatted for a specific reader device or service, you can indicate this by treating this information the same way you would treat a physical book's edition number. Often, this will mean replacing "e-book" with "[App/Service] ed."

Machiavelli, Niccolo.  The Prince , translated by W. K. Marriott, Kindle ed., Library of Alexandria, 2018.

Note:  The MLA considers the term "e-book" to refer to publications formatted specifically for reading with an e-book reader device (e.g., a Kindle) or a corresponding web application. These e-books will not have URLs or DOIs. If you are citing book content from an ordinary webpage with a URL, use the "A Page on a Web Site" format above.

An Image (Including a Painting, Sculpture, or Photograph)

Provide the artist's name, the work of art italicized, the date of creation, the institution and city where the work is housed. Follow this initial entry with the name of the Website in italics, and the date of access.

Goya, Francisco. The Family of Charles IV . 1800. Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid. Museo Nacional del Prado , www.museodelprado.es/en/the-collection/art-work/the-family-of-carlos-iv/f47898fc-aa1c-48f6-a779-71759e417e74. Accessed 22 May 2006.

Klee, Paul. Twittering Machine . 1922. Museum of Modern Art, New York. The Artchive , www.artchive.com/artchive/K/klee/twittering_machine.jpg.html. Accessed May 2006.

If the work cited is available on the web only, then provide the name of the artist, the title of the work, and then follow the citation format for a website. If the work is posted via a username, use that username for the author.

Adams, Clifton R. “People Relax Beside a Swimming Pool at a Country Estate Near Phoenix, Arizona, 1928.” Found, National Geographic Creative, 2 June 2016, natgeofound.tumblr.com/.

An Article in a Web Magazine

Provide the author name, article name in quotation marks, title of the web magazine in italics, publisher name, publication date, URL, and the date of access.

Bernstein, Mark. “ 10 Tips on Writing the Living Web. ”   A List Apart: For People Who Make Websites , 16 Aug. 2002, alistapart.com/article/writeliving. Accessed 4 May 2009.

An Article in an Online Scholarly Journal

For all online scholarly journals, provide the author(s) name(s), the name of the article in quotation marks, the title of the publication in italics, all volume and issue numbers, and the year of publication. Include a DOI if available, otherwise provide a URL or permalink to help readers locate the source.

Article in an Online-only Scholarly Journal

MLA requires a page range for articles that appear in Scholarly Journals. If the journal you are citing appears exclusively in an online format (i.e. there is no corresponding print publication) that does not make use of page numbers, indicate the URL or other location information.

Dolby, Nadine. “Research in Youth Culture and Policy: Current Conditions and Future Directions.” Social Work and Society: The International Online-Only Journal, vol. 6, no. 2, 2008, www.socwork.net/sws/article/view/60/362. Accessed 20 May 2009.

Article in an Online Scholarly Journal That Also Appears in Print

Cite articles in online scholarly journals that also appear in print as you would a scholarly journal in print, including the page range of the article . Provide the URL and the date of access.

Wheelis, Mark. “ Investigating Disease Outbreaks Under a Protocol to the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention. ”   Emerging Infectious Diseases , vol. 6, no. 6, 2000, pp. 595-600, wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/6/6/00-0607_article. Accessed 8 Feb. 2009.

An Article from an Online Database (or Other Electronic Subscription Service)

Cite online databases (e.g. LexisNexis, ProQuest, JSTOR, ScienceDirect) and other subscription services as containers. Thus, provide the title of the database italicized before the DOI or URL. If a DOI is not provided, use the URL instead. Provide the date of access if you wish.

Alonso, Alvaro, and Julio A. Camargo. “ Toxicity of Nitrite to Three Species of Freshwater Invertebrates. ”   Environmental Toxicology, vol. 21, no. 1, 3 Feb. 2006, pp. 90-94. Wiley Online Library , https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.20155. Accessed 26 May 2009.

Langhamer, Claire. “Love and Courtship in Mid-Twentieth-Century England.” Historical Journal, vol. 50, no. 1, 2007, pp. 173-96. ProQuest , https://doi.org/10.1017/S0018246X06005966. Accessed 27 May 2009.

E-mail (including E-mail Interviews)

Give the author of the message, followed by the subject line in quotation marks. State to whom the message was sent with the phrase, “Received by” and the recipient’s name. Include the date the message was sent. Use standard capitalization.

Kunka, Andrew. “ Re: Modernist Literature. ”  Received by John Watts, 15 Nov. 2000.

Neyhart, David. “ Re: Online Tutoring. ” Received by Joe Barbato, 1 Dec. 2016.

A Listserv, Discussion Group, or Blog Posting

Cite web postings as you would a standard web entry. Provide the author of the work, the title of the posting in quotation marks, the web site name in italics, the publisher, and the posting date. Follow with the date of access. Include screen names as author names when author name is not known. If both names are known, place the author’s name in brackets.

Author or compiler name (if available). “Posting Title.” Name of Site , Version number (if available), Name of institution/organization affiliated with the site (sponsor or publisher), URL. Date of access.

Salmar1515 [Sal Hernandez]. “Re: Best Strategy: Fenced Pastures vs. Max Number of Rooms?” BoardGameGeek , 29 Sept. 2008, boardgamegeek.com/thread/343929/best-strategy-fenced-pastures-vs-max-number-rooms. Accessed 5 Apr. 2009.

Begin with the user's Twitter handle in place of the author’s name. Next, place the tweet in its entirety in quotations, inserting a period after the tweet within the quotations. Include the date and time of posting, using the reader's time zone; separate the date and time with a comma and end with a period. Include the date accessed if you deem necessary.

@tombrokaw. “ SC demonstrated why all the debates are the engines of this campaign. ”   Twitter, 22 Jan. 2012, 3:06 a.m., twitter.com/tombrokaw/status/160996868971704320.

@PurdueWLab. “ Spring break is around the corner, and all our locations will be open next week. ”   Twitter , 5 Mar. 2012, 12:58 p.m., twitter.com/PurdueWLab/status/176728308736737282.

A YouTube Video

Video and audio sources need to be documented using the same basic guidelines for citing print sources in MLA style. Include as much descriptive information as necessary to help readers understand the type and nature of the source you are citing. If the author’s name is the same as the uploader, only cite the author once. If the author is different from the uploader, cite the author’s name before the title.

McGonigal, Jane. “Gaming and Productivity.” YouTube , uploaded by Big Think, 3 July 2012, www.youtube.com/watch?v=mkdzy9bWW3E.

“8 Hot Dog Gadgets put to the Test.” YouTube, uploaded by Crazy Russian Hacker, 6 June 2016, www.youtube.com/watch?v=WBlpjSEtELs.

A Comment on a Website or Article

List the username as the author. Use the phrase, Comment on, before the title. Use quotation marks around the article title. Name the publisher, date, time (listed on near the comment), and the URL.

Not Omniscient Enough. Comment on “ Flight Attendant Tells Passenger to ‘Shut Up’ After Argument Over Pasta. ”  ABC News, 9 Jun 2016, 4:00 p.m., abcnews.go.com/US/flight-attendant-tells-passenger-shut-argument-pasta/story?id=39704050.

Generate accurate Chicago citations for free

• Knowledge Base
• Chicago Style
• Citing a YouTube Video in Chicago Style | Format & Examples

Citing a YouTube Video in Chicago Style | Format & Examples

Published on May 17, 2021 by Jack Caulfield . Revised on April 9, 2024.

Chicago Citation Generator

In Chicago notes and bibliography style , it’s recommended to cite YouTube videos (and other online videos, except for movies ) only in your notes and omit them from the bibliography .

List a video in your bibliography if it’s crucial to your argument, you cite it often, or your university requires you to.

Including the video length is optional. In a note, a specific timestamp or range may be included to show the relevant location in the video. Pay attention to the punctuation (e.g., periods or commas ) in your citations.

If you use author-date style instead, any videos cited must appear in the reference list.

Instantly correct all language mistakes in your text

Upload your document to correct all your mistakes in minutes

Table of contents

Optional details to include in youtube citations, where to find citation information for a youtube video, citing youtube videos in author-date style, frequently asked questions about chicago style citations.

Since YouTube videos can cover a wide variety of different content, a lot of different information may be relevant to your citation. In general, use your own judgment to determine what, if any, additional information is relevant to your citation. Some examples are given below.

• Music video

In this music video citation, the musician is listed as the main author, the director of the video is listed after the title (relevant if you discuss the video content rather than just the song), and the words “music video” are included for the sake of clarity.

• Recorded lecture

When citing a recorded lecture , information about when and where it was recorded, as well as any course or series it was part of, can be relevant. In this case the date of recording, which is shown in the video, replaces the upload date.

Here's why students love Scribbr's proofreading services

Discover proofreading & editing

YouTube’s interface makes it simple to find the key information needed for a citation: the channel name, video title, publication date, video length, and URL. All of this can be found below the video.

Use a specific author name if one can be identified from the video or description; otherwise, list the channel name. The name of the channel is italicized if it is also the name of a blog or print publication, such as the Wall Street Journal . The video title is enclosed in quotation marks .

In author-date style , in-text citations consist of the author’s last name and the publication year, as well as a timestamp if relevant.

The corresponding reference list entry is identical to a bibliography entry, but with the year added after the channel name. In this style, it’s mandatory to include all the videos you cite in your reference list.

• YouTube video

In a Chicago footnote citation , when the author of a source is unknown (as is often the case with websites ), start the citation with the title in a full note. In short notes and bibliography entries, list the organization that published it as the author.

In Chicago author-date style , treat the organization as author in your in-text citations and reference list.

To automatically generate accurate Chicago references, you can use Scribbr’s free Chicago reference generator .

In Chicago notes and bibliography style , the usual standard is to use a full note for the first citation of each source, and short notes for any subsequent citations of the same source.

However, your institution’s guidelines may differ from the standard rule. In some fields, you’re required to use a full note every time, whereas in some other fields you can use short notes every time, as long as all sources are listed in your bibliography . If you’re not sure, check with your instructor.

• A reference list is used with Chicago author-date citations .
• A bibliography is used with Chicago footnote citations .

Both present the exact same information; the only difference is the placement of the year in source citations:

• In a reference list entry, the publication year appears directly after the author’s name.
• In a bibliography entry, the year appears near the end of the entry (the exact placement depends on the source type).

There are also other types of bibliography that work as stand-alone texts, such as a Chicago annotated bibliography .

Cite this Scribbr article

If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the “Cite this Scribbr article” button to automatically add the citation to our free Citation Generator.

Caulfield, J. (2024, April 09). Citing a YouTube Video in Chicago Style | Format & Examples. Scribbr. Retrieved July 2, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/chicago-style/youtube-video/

Is this article helpful?

Jack Caulfield

Other students also liked, how to cite a website in chicago style | formats & examples, how to cite an interview in chicago style | format & examples, chicago in-text citations | styles, format & examples, "i thought ai proofreading was useless but..".

I've been using Scribbr for years now and I know it's a service that won't disappoint. It does a good job spotting mistakes”

Advertisement

Supported by

Who Won the Debate? Biden Stumbles Left Trump on Top

A halting debate performance by President Biden left Democratic strategists reeling, raising questions about his fitness to stay in the race.

• Share full article

By Alan Rappeport

Reporting from Washington

In the first presidential debate of the year between the leading Democratic and Republican candidates, President Biden and former President Donald J. Trump clashed on inflation, taxes, Ukraine and the future of democracy.

A halting performance from Mr. Biden and a relatively steady and measured delivery by Mr. Trump left Democrats deeply concerned about Mr. Biden’s prospects. Personal attacks overshadowed discussions of policy during the debate, with the candidates sparring over who had a better golf game, their respective cognitive abilities and their legal problems.

On cable news and social media, strategists from both parties wondered if Mr. Biden could continue in the race against Mr. Trump. Few Democrats could muster an upbeat assessment of the president’s performance.

Here is a sampling of the reaction.

“It was a really disappointing debate performance from Joe Biden. I don’t think there’s any other way to slice it. His biggest issue was to prove to the American people that he had the energy, the stamina — and he didn’t do that,” Kate Bedingfield, Mr. Biden’s former White House communications director, said on CNN.

“Biden is even whiffing on his easy pitches — abortion and Jan. 6. I mean, my God,” said Matt Gorman, a Republican strategist and former senior adviser to the presidential campaign for Senator Tim Scott of South Carolina.

“Look, I debated Joe 7 times in 2020. He’s a different guy in 2024,” Andrew Yang, a Democratic presidential candidate in 2020, said on the social media platform X, adding the hashtag #swapJoeout.

We are having trouble retrieving the article content.

Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.

Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and  log into  your Times account, or  subscribe  for all of The Times.

Thank you for your patience while we verify access.

Already a subscriber?  Log in .

Want all of The Times?  Subscribe .

Alex Pereira knocks out Jiri Prochazka: UFC 303 results, highlights

UFC 303 was supposed to mark Conor McGregor's return to the octagon. But his highly-anticipated bout against Michael Chandler was scuttled (for now) due to an injury McGregor suffered in the lead-up to the fight.

But credit the UFC, which moved swiftly to replace the main event and salvage a pay-per-view card that suffered a few other setbacks. And the new main event was plenty exciting for fight fans: Alex Pereira and Jiri Prochazka squaring off again, with the light heavyweight title Pereira won against former champ Prochazka last November on the line.

USA TODAY Sports is here with all the results and top highlights from UFC 303:

Alex Pereira vs. Jiri Prochazka result

And still!!!

Alex Pereira showed why he's perhaps the baddest man in the UFC as he knocked out Jiri Prochazka to retain his light heavyweight title.

This fight started with a stare down for the ages — it gave your humble writer goosebumps! — and then it delivered.

THE INTENSITY. #UFC303 pic.twitter.com/7DQTSqcIvJ — UFC (@ufc) June 30, 2024

The first round was mostly a feeling out process with the fighters staying on their feet ... that is until Pereira completely leveled Prochazka with a left hand right before the bell. That was just a harbinger of things to come.

Early in the second, Pereira caught Prochazka in the head with his left foot, dropping the former light heavyweight champ. Referee Herb Dean probably could have (should have?) called the fight right then and there, but Pereira jumped on Prochazka for some brutal ground-and-pound that drew the stoppage just 13 seconds in.

2024 IS POATAN'S YEAR 🏹 #UFC303 | @AlexPereiraUFC pic.twitter.com/vTirPPquGY — UFC (@ufc) June 30, 2024

While a very wobbly Prochazka was receiving assistance, commentator Daniel Cormier observed that Pereira popped his own toe back into place.

Pereira's TKO victory marks his second successful title defense after he won the then-vacant light heavyweight championship over Prochazka in November 2023.

It's also a win — coming in a main event that only came together after Conor McGregor's toe injury derailed his fight — that further cements Pereira as one of the UFC's brightest stars. Could a run at a third belt at the heavyweight level be next?

Watch: Alex Pereira knocks out Jiri Prochazka

pic.twitter.com/BEf6JS8lxJ — UFC (@ufc) June 30, 2024

Diego Lopes vs. Dan Ige result

Shoutout Dan Ige! Shoutout Diego Lopes! This was an awesome fight — especially considering it wasn't on the card just a few hours ago.

Ige took the fight on extremely short notice after Brian Ortega wasn't able to go and he and Lopes put on a show in a bout fought at a 165-pound catchweight. Though Lopes won a unanimous decision, 29-28 on all three cards, the crowd was clearly appreciative of Ige's effort after coming in to salvage a fight.

Diego Lopes and Dan Ige embrace after going the distance in a fight that wasn’t supposed to happen until hours ago. #UFC303 pic.twitter.com/0KAeSEpl7K — MMA Junkie (@MMAJunkie) June 30, 2024

The crowd gave a standing ovation after the final bell as the fighters raised their hands together.

The crowd gave another ovation when Ige was interviewed. He said he viewed taking the fight as "an opportunity to become a legend."

"It doesn't matter. Eight weeks? Six weeks? Four weeks? Four hours?! It doesn't matter! This is what I live for! This is my dream. I get to wake up and do what I love," Ige said.

Nothing but respect for this man 🤲 #UFC303 | @DynamiteDan808 pic.twitter.com/AgIctIAswq — UFC (@ufc) June 30, 2024

Anthony Smith vs. Roman Dolidze result

This fight arriving on the UFC 303 card was a total odyssey. But fans probably weren't super thrilled with the actual bout — the fans at T-Mobile Arena certainly weren't anyways, as they booed after the final horn.

The most eventful moment of the fight was found in the second round, when Dolidze unloaded some ground-and-pound on a fallen Smith. But otherwise, the bout was fairly dull and Dolidze earned a unanimous decision win (30-27, 29-28, 29-28).

Mayra Bueno Silva vs. Macy Chiasson result

Chiasson opened up a huge cut right above Bueno Silva's eye with a brutal elbow while the pair was on the ground during the second round. The fight was eventually stopped by the ref for a medical evaluation and the ringside doctor called the fight. (Jon Anik relayed that the cut was so deep it was nearly "down to the bone.") Thus, this high-event bout ended in a bloody but anticlimactic finish in favor of Chiasson.

Obviously the crowd isn't happy, because Bueno Silva wanted to keep going - but c'mon now. You can't fight with that cut on your face. #UFC303 pic.twitter.com/Z5OlmaSIrL — Robbie Fox (@RobbieBarstool) June 30, 2024

Bueno Silva vehemently protested the decision to stop the fight, even jumping the cage to have a discussion with UFC President Dana White.

Ian Machado Garry vs. Michael Page result

This was a close battle and an interesting clash of styles. Page had the clear striking advantage, but Machado Garry proved to be the superior grappler. In the end, the judges awarded Machado Garry a unanimous decision victory with 29-28 scores across the board.

Machado Garry has yet to lose in his MMA career.

Joe Pyfer vs. Marc-Andre Barriault result

Pyfer just ended the prelims with a bang. He knocked out Barriault with some heavy punches just 1:25 into the fight. Three of the four prelims ended with stoppages. Hopefully the action continues on the main card.

JOE PYFER SLEPT HIM 😴 #UFC303 pic.twitter.com/R699bkpCJK — ESPN MMA (@espnmma) June 30, 2024

New fight on UFC 303 card: Diego Lopes vs. Dan Ige

Brian Ortega has been scratched from his UFC 303 fight, but his opponent is still set to compete.

Ortega is sick and running a 103-degree fever, Jon Anik relayed on the broadcast. Jeff Mullen of the Nevada State Athletic Commission said on the broadcast Ortega was "medically unable to compete."

Diego Lopes is still hopping into the octagon, though. He will be taking on Dan Ige, who was tapped as a (truly unprecedented) last-minute replacement. Mullen said that Ige is cleared to compete because he's fought recently enough that all his medicals are up to date in the eyes of the commission.

A card that has faced plenty of hurdles has somehow, some way cleared another one.

🚨 BREAKING NEWS 🚨 Dan Ige is stepping in on 3 HOURS NOTICE to face Diego Lopes in the #UFC303 co-main event. Brian Ortega has withdrawn due to illness. [ Watch LIVE on ESPN+ PPV | 10pmET/7pmPT ] pic.twitter.com/Q9FSaULiEL — UFC (@ufc) June 30, 2024

Cub Swanson vs. Andre Fili result

Fili defeated Swanson in a split decision. Two judges gave the fight to Fili (29-28) while one judge ruled it 29-28 in favor of Swanson.

Charles Jourdain vs. Jean Silva result

Now we're cooking. Jean Silva delivered a second consecutive knockout on this card by dropping Charles Jourdain with a vicious uppercut. It brought the fight to a sudden close at 1:22 of the second round. Silva did miss weight before the fight, however.

Jean Silva with the walkoff KO 😤 #UFC303 (via @espnmma ) pic.twitter.com/VWx8luZjS7 — MMA Fighting (@MMAFighting) June 30, 2024

Payton Talbott vs. Yanis Ghemmouri result

We have our first stoppage! Payton Talbott proved why he was a massive favorite in this fight, dropping Ghemmouri to the canvas with a brutal right and following it up with strikes that caused the ref to stop the fight just 19 seconds in.

Quick day in the office for @PaytonTalbott 🚨 #UFC303 pic.twitter.com/94IEHf5zuH — UFC (@ufc) June 30, 2024

Michelle Waterson-Gomez vs. Gillian Robertson result

Robertson closed out the early prelims with an impressive unanimous decision victory (30-27, 30-27, 30-26). Waterson-Gomez announced her retirement after the bout in an emotional scene. The UFC played a very nice tribute video for her and Waterson-Gomez delivered a heartfelt speech.

Happy trails to the Karate Hottie! 👏 One tough mother @KarateHottieMMA calling it a career after blazing an unbelievable trail inside the Octagon! #UFC303 pic.twitter.com/Ry0UB7LMHA — UFC Europe (@UFCEurope) June 30, 2024

Andrei Arlovski vs. Martin Buday result

Not a lot happened in this one. The competitors were implored to be more active multiple times by the ref and were booed when the final horn sounded. The judges ruled it a split decision in Buday's favor (30-27, 29-28 to one 29-28 card for the 45-year-old Arlovski).

Rei Tsuruya vs. Carlos Hernandez result

In a match defined by wild grappling, it was Tsuruya — in his UFC debut — who emerged victorious. He earned a unanimous decision victory with scores of 29-28 on all three scorecards.

Ricky Simon vs. Vinicius Oliveira result

Oliveira and Simon went the distance, with Oliveira securing the victory by unanimous decision (30-27, 30-27, 29-28).

When is UFC 303?

The early prelims begin at 6 p.m. ET Saturday. Prelims are then slated to begin at approximately 8 p.m. ET with the pay-per-view card beginning around 10 p.m. ET.

UFC 303 live stream

Early prelims and prelims for UFC 303 will air on ESPN and can be streamed via ESPN+. The pay-per-view card can be purchased via ESPN+.

Where is UFC 303?

The UFC returns to a usual haunt for 303 — Las Vegas' T-Mobile Arena.

UFC 303 fight card

• Alex Pereira (champ) vs. Jiri Prochazka (light heavyweight)
• Diego Lopes vs. Dan Ige
• Anthony Smith vs. Roman Dolidze (light heavyweight)
• Mayra Bueno Silva vs. Macy Chiasson (women's bantamweight)
• Ian Machado Garry vs. Michael Page (welterweight)
• Joe Pyfer vs. Marc-Andre Barriault (middleweight)
• Cub Swanson vs. Andre Fili (featherweight)
• Charles Jourdain vs. Jean Silva (featherweight)
• Payton Talbott vs. Yanis Ghemmouri (bantamweight)

Early Prelims

• Michelle Waterson-Gomez vs. Gillian Robertson (women's strawweight)
• Andrei Arlovski vs. Martin Buday (heavyweight)
• Rei Tsuruya vs. Carlos Hernandez
• Ricky Simon vs. Vinicius Oliveira

Why Conor McGregor fight isn't on UFC 303 card

Speculation that the McGregor-Chandler fight might be in trouble began when the UFC suddenly called off a June 3 press conference that was set to be staged in Dublin. Ten days later, UFC President Dana White announced the fight was off the 303 card with an injury sidelining McGregor. That injury has since been revealed to be a broken toe.

McGregor last fought in July 2021, when he lost via doctor's stoppage after he broke his leg in a fight against Dustin Poirier.

Alex Pereira vs. Jiri Prochazka: Tale of the tape

Alex Pereira vs. Jiri Prochazka first fight

Alex Pereira defeated Jiri Prochazka by second-round TKO in their battle for the then-vacant light heavyweight championship at UFC 295 in November.

Alex Pereira championship history

Before capturing the light heavyweight title, Pereira — a kickboxing standout — was the middleweight champ. He defeated Israel Adesanya by TKO at UFC 281 in December 2022 to win that belt, but Adesanya got revenge in the rematch at UFC 287 in April 2023 by knocking out Pereira to recapture the title.

Pereira moved up to light heavyweight after the defeat. He has one successful title defense since winning the belt in November, knocking out Jamahal Hill at UFC 300 in April.

Jiri Prochazka championship history

Jiri Prochazka defeated Glover Teixeira via submission at UFC 275 in June 2022 to win the light heavyweight title. But he never got to stage a proper defense, vacating the title due to injury. His next time in the octagon was his loss to Pereira in November 2023.