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The Complete Extended Essay Guide | 100 Topics & Examples

Published by Ellie Cross at November 3rd, 2021 , Revised On July 10, 2023

One of the International Baccalaureate (IB) programme’s mandatory requirements is to produce a 4,000 words long extended essay, which should be submitted as an independent piece of research.

All IB students must complete the extended essay assignment regardless of the subjects they are taking because, together with CAS and TOK, it is a core module of the IB programme.

An extended essay allows students to choose any suitable topic of their choice and demonstrate their knowledge and capability beyond what they learn in the classroom. This assignment sets the stage for students to hone their research and writing skills for Bachelor’s and Master’s level coursework.

Students write an extended essay in the second term of the IB program’s first year. All students are expected to work closely with their supervisor to finalise the essay topic and the research questions.

The project involves submitting one extended essay draft to get the supervisor’s feedback before submitting the second and final version. A short viva voce must be included at the end of the essay.

Extended Essay Facts

The length of the essay should not be more than 4,000 words.
The project is expected to be completed over a period of one year.
Significance of the extended essay
In 2019 – approximately 200,000 students took the IB Programme exam
International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme is for students in the age group of 16 to 19 years.

Significance of Extended Essay

So how significantly does the extended essay assignment contribute towards the overall grade?

The extended essay is of critical importance for the following reasons:

It allows students to polish their skills for undergraduate and Masters’s level essay assignments.
They can independently explore the topic of their interest, which relates to one of the six modules of the IB Programme.
Students learn to conduct desk-based research to find appropriate and manageable topics.
They learn the basics of how to formulate research questions
They learn to develop an argument.
Successful completion of this assignment enhances their ability to analyse and assess information critically.

If you choose to undertake the extended essay in world studies, you will be required to conduct extensive interdisciplinary research on an issue of global significance.

Extended Essay Assessment Criteria

Extended essays are marked on a scale from 0 to 34 by external examines chosen by the IB itself. The score you will achieve in the assignment will relate to one of the following bands:

A – work of an excellent standard.
B- work of a good standard.
C – work of a satisfactory standard.
D- work of a mediocre standard.
E- work of an elementary standard.

Please click here to check how your grade in the extended essay assignment affects the overall diploma score. Here is the breakdown of EE scores (from the May 2019 bulletin)


A	10.9%
B	23.5%
C	38.0%
D	25.1%
E	1.5%
N (No grade awarded)	1.0%

How to Select a Topic for the Extended Essay?

Selecting an enjoyable and manageable topic for the extended essay is perhaps the most exciting yet challenging part of the whole process. In a nutshell, you will be required to research a topic in one of the six subjects you are undertaking for the IB Programme. The selection criteria are based on the analysis of an issue of global significance in a specific context. For example, you can investigate technological, environmental, medical, or cultural trends from the local perspective. Here are some tips for choosing the best extended essay topic:

It should neither be too broad nor too narrow.
Choose a topic you are passionate about.
Are there any global trends you are curious to explore and understand?

Choosing the topic can often be overwhelming. Think about the issues you enjoy the most, and more specifically, why you want to learn about them. This will help you develop many ideas that you can review, compare, and pick from. Note: The IBO approves the proposed topic.

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How to Formulate Research Questions for the Extended Essay?

Once the topic has been approved, you can proceed to formulate the research questions (s). A poorly planned research question can cause complications at a later stage, so make sure to take your time to develop a question that would genuinely add value to the existing literature.

The answer to the formulated research question should not be a simple yes or no. It should instead provide valuable information in a larger context. The research question should be focused and relevant to the title. If the research question includes a hypothesis, then there is no obligation on your part to provide it right or wrong. Your job is to test the hypothesis and reveal the facts only.

The question should not necessarily start with words like “Is”, “Will”, “Should”, “Why”, “How”, or “Does”. Merely asserting that “yes, this is correct”, or “no, this is not correct” is inappropriate.

The highest-scoring essays usually address a research question that starts with broader phrases such as, “An investigation of”, “Exploring the idea”, “An analysis of”, “To what extent”, “A review of”, or “Examining the role”. Or it could simply be a hypothesis statement that you aim to test.

If you set out to answer a research question without contemplating the resources required to address it, then you are making a fatal mistake. Whether the essay research is primary or secondary, we cannot understate the importance of a well-thought-out plan to gather relevant supporting academic sources.

However, in most cases, it is only possible to base your essay on secondary data because conducting primary research can involve time and money. But make sure to state your reasons for choosing one research method over another.

Finally, if you cannot find a sufficient number of sources for your research question, you can alter it with your supervisor’s help.

Choosing the Supervisor

Here are some suggestions on how to choose an advisor

If you are unsure about who you would like to work with, create a list of potential advisors.
The supervisor should be familiar with your topic.
Pick an advisor who would get the best out of you.
An advisor who is patient with you would not mind reviewing several drafts of your essay and providing feedback.
It would be best if you were comfortable discussing ideas with them.
The supervisor should know you well personally because their assessment will contribute towards your final EE score. A teacher who does not know you well may not assess you fairly.
Simply having your favourite teacher as an advisor may not be a good idea because they may not be familiar with the topic.
Check whether your school requires the advisor to sign a consent form and make the necessary arrangements.

Structure of an Extended Essay

The extended essay follows the standard essay structure , including the introduction , main body , and conclusion. However, always check with your supervisor about the structure you must follow to avoid complications later.

Your supervisor will provide the necessary guidance and advice to support you throughout the research and writing process.

The project includes up to three reflection rounds with the assigned supervisor, with the final round consisting of an interview, also known as the viva voce.

The extended essay and the reflection meetings provide a much-needed impetus, especially to those required to pass an interview assessment for a place at university and before acceptance for employment.

There are six required components of an extended essay structure:

The title page is where you state the research question you set out to address, the subject you are studying, your school name, your name, total word count of the essay, and category (for language essays).

Contents Page

This is where you must list the heading and the subheadings with corresponding page numbers. All pages should be numbered using the Microsoft page numbering feature.

Introduction

The extended essay’s introduction should provide a brief background to the research question, thesis statement , and the central argument presented in the essay.

This is where you present your arguments, evaluation, comparison, discussion, and analysis of the subject matter. This section’s structure varies according to the subject of the essay, but the supporting evidence should accompany every piece of information.

The conclusion section should relate to the thesis statement, the overall scope of the research, and the line of argument taken. It should also reflect any open questions, research limitations, and unexplained problems.

References and Bibliography

A list of academic sources used is provided in the required citation style at the end of the essay. The citation style you need to follow varies subject to subject, but make sure you consistently use it throughout the essay.

The deadline you Need to Meet

Your school will let you know the deadline for the extended essay assignment. Each school has a different official IB deadline. You will have a year to complete the essay, but unfortunately, most students leave their essay to the last week before the deadline.

Careful planning can help you complete the task promptly and avoid a last-minute crunch. Many students make the fatal mistake of giving too much time to research and reading and with very little time to write an essay .

Most schools set their deadlines for different project milestones to help students stay on schedule. Keep in regular contact with your advisor and management to ensure each section is completed in due time.

The viva voce Interview

The viva voice interview allows students to demonstrate the significance of the research results. More specifically, students can provide details of the challenges and the successes of their research during the interview.

For example, you could tell your supervisor about the problem you faced during the data collection process, the strategies you used to overcome them, and how the exercise helped improve your writing skills.

Free Extended Essay Topics

Here are some amazing topic ideas in various subjects that you can consider for your extended essay.

Biology Extended Essay Topics

Investigate the relationship between indole acetic acid, a growth hormone, and the growth of X (a crop).
To examine the relationship between the population size of X and population density between X.
How significantly do live cultures in dairy products such as milk, yoghurt, and cheese reduce the concentration of lactose present for a 2 hour incubation period at x °C?
Discuss the relationship between the production process of plants and the climate.
To examine the possibility of manufacturing flowers.
An investigation into the idea of planting healing a disease.
The impact of various drugs on the functioning of the human brain
Does the change of habitat affect the life of an organism?
Investigate the process of storing cow’s milk safely.
The relationship between the photoreceptor cells in the human retina and “the age and gender”.
Examining the growth of an X plant when the climate changes
Neadderthalian DNA in people who have European ancestors

Psychology Extended Essay Topics

Discuss the relationship between violent acts and viewing the violence shown on social media platforms.

Can drug therapy heal bipolar disorder?
Can General Anxiety Disorder be healed through meditation?
Examining the relationship between cognitive environment and social variables such as educational setting, poverty, culture, parenting, and more
How do our relationships evolve? Why causes a relationship to an end?
Investigate the effects of domestic violence on the human brain.
Discuss the causes of depression from a psychological perspective.
Different between female and male schizophrenia.
The relationship between General Anxiety Disorder and stress
The relationship between stress and bulimia medical condition
The relationship between obesity and our social media-oriented lifestyle
What causes suicide? How do suicidal behaviours develop over time?

English Extended Essay Topics

The importance of learning English literature in the modern world
Examine the importance of the literary function of the English language.
Explore the relationship between politics and social Darwinism.
Sexual and ethnic identity in the twenty-first century
The impact of the English language on any other language of your choice
Comparing English learning bend with other languages
The distinct patterns of the United States English phonetics.
Identifying the use of the Sanskrit language in English
Tracing the differences between British English and American English in a systematic way
Identify the English phrases and words embraced by other Hindi and Urdu languages during the British Raj
The influence of the French language on the evolution of the English language.

Literature Extended Essay Topics

Examine the significance of different Noble prize winners in the literature on the stylistic evolution.
An analysis of the controversy surrounding Bob Dylan’s Noble prize award
The Role of Emile Zola’s “J’accuse” in the Dreyfus Affair.
Analysing Jane Austen
Jame’s Baldwin’s illustration of Racism.
The evolution of an ideal woman in English literature
The traits of the Islamic religious text
Emma by Jane Austen and the importance of Dance
An investigation of Severus Snape’s character in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows and Harry Potter and the Chambers of Secret. What are the similarities and differences between J.K Rowling’s characterization of Severus in the two novels?
The evolution of the character of Bilbo Baggins from Lord of the Rings to the Hobbit Sequel

Economics extended essay topics

The impact of Covid-19 on the global airline industry
How Covid-19 has forced car manufacturers around the work to redesign its economic model
The growing importance of the role of India in the world economy
China’s plans to take over the world economy by 2050 – How valid is this statement?
The role of the road infrastructure in the development of a growing country such as Afghanistan
The relationship between an increase in exports and empowerment of the local farmers in an agricultural country like India
Tax handling in a world dominated by multinationals.
The impact of an ageing population on Japan’s economy
Offshore tax havens and the corruption of politicians. How can this trend be stopped?
The impact of Brexit on the UK’s economy. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages from the UK’s perspective.

Movie and Film Extended Essay Topics

The elements of social protest in Charlie Chaplin’s films
How modern have computer capabilities revolutionized conventional cinematography?
Avoiding the “soap opera” effect – why movies stay at 24 frames per second (including future predictions)
Moving camera – revolutionary ideas (for example, as depicted in the Matrix and the Tenet)
Correlation between IMDB marks and differing nationwide and film that is international
Metamorphosis of masculinity in our contemporary world as depicted in battle club
Kinds of timeline manipulation approach to paper writing service cinematography
Massively distorted scientist or systematic technique depiction in Sci-Fi films

History Extended Essay Topics

The rise of the Ottoman Empire – An analysis of the role of King Salman-II
How significant was the battle of Vienna in European history?
The implications of the British Raj on the Indian Subcontinent
Discuss the reasons that caused the Arabs to lose in six days against resurging Israel?
The treatment of women in India of the 1950s vs India of 2000s
The history behind the animosity between two nuclear-armed neighbours – India and Pakistan
An investigation of the events led to Hitler’s rise to power in Germany.
The simultaneous invasion of Poland by the USSR and Nazi Germany in the second world war
An examination of the pearl harbour attack from the Japanese perspective
What caused the abnormal expansion of the Islamic empire between the 8 th century and the 10 th

Geography Extended Essay Topics

The China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) significance for Chinese economic domination
An analysis of the current climate change trends and their impact on our oceans
Discuss and evaluate the various strategies used to prevent power outages caused by solar storms.
India’s improving fertility rate’s relationship with women empowerment and improved women education environment
To what extent is biodiversity being managed in Regent’s Park in London.
The relationship between obesity risk and parameters such as educational environment, gender, genes, and social settings
Examine the affectivity of the environmental sustainability programme initiated by company X.
Compare a country with no access to the sea with the one that has access to it.
An analysis of the agricultural revolution impact on the world’s environment
Does geography influence the social relationships between people?

Mathematics and Physics Extended Essay Topics

General functions of the theory of partitions
General relativity and cosmology
Symmetries of plane tessellations
Egyptian forces in arithmetic
A review of the various methodological approaches employed by academic researchers
Why do planets move the way they do? What causes their circular motion?
An investigation into the string theory
How quantum physics has the potential to change the rules of science?
The basics of dynamics – forces and motion
Discuss the different types of forces, including magnetic force, quantum force, and physical
The quantum movement of particles
How much of an influence does the quantum slit experiment have on traditional Newtonian physics?
The nature and behaviour of light
The cosmic patterns of stars and planets
Gravitational waves – generation, propagation rules, detection on Earth?
Is there scientific proof of the existence of another intelligent species in the universe like humans?

Frequently Asked Questions

What is an extended essay.

The Extended Essay is a research-based academic project undertaken by International Baccalaureate (IB) students. It allows them to investigate a topic of interest in depth, develop critical thinking skills, and produce a 4000-word essay.

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The Complete IB Extended Essay Guide: Examples, Topics, and Ideas

International Baccalaureate (IB)

IB students around the globe fear writing the Extended Essay, but it doesn't have to be a source of stress! In this article, I'll get you excited about writing your Extended Essay and provide you with the resources you need to get an A on it.

If you're reading this article, I'm going to assume you're an IB student getting ready to write your Extended Essay. If you're looking at this as a potential future IB student, I recommend reading our introductory IB articles first, including our guide to what the IB program is and our full coverage of the IB curriculum .

IB Extended Essay: Why Should You Trust My Advice?

I myself am a recipient of an IB Diploma, and I happened to receive an A on my IB Extended Essay. Don't believe me? The proof is in the IBO pudding:

If you're confused by what this report means, EE is short for Extended Essay , and English A1 is the subject that my Extended Essay topic coordinated with. In layman's terms, my IB Diploma was graded in May 2010, I wrote my Extended Essay in the English A1 category, and I received an A grade on it.

What Is the Extended Essay in the IB Diploma Programme?

The IB Extended Essay, or EE , is a mini-thesis you write under the supervision of an IB advisor (an IB teacher at your school), which counts toward your IB Diploma (learn more about the major IB Diploma requirements in our guide) . I will explain exactly how the EE affects your Diploma later in this article.

For the Extended Essay, you will choose a research question as a topic, conduct the research independently, then write an essay on your findings . The essay itself is a long one—although there's a cap of 4,000 words, most successful essays get very close to this limit.

Keep in mind that the IB requires this essay to be a "formal piece of academic writing," meaning you'll have to do outside research and cite additional sources.

The IB Extended Essay must include the following:

A title page
Contents page
Introduction
Body of the essay
References and bibliography

Additionally, your research topic must fall into one of the six approved DP categories , or IB subject groups, which are as follows:

Group 1: Studies in Language and Literature
Group 2: Language Acquisition
Group 3: Individuals and Societies
Group 4: Sciences
Group 5: Mathematics
Group 6: The Arts

Once you figure out your category and have identified a potential research topic, it's time to pick your advisor, who is normally an IB teacher at your school (though you can also find one online ). This person will help direct your research, and they'll conduct the reflection sessions you'll have to do as part of your Extended Essay.

As of 2018, the IB requires a "reflection process" as part of your EE supervision process. To fulfill this requirement, you have to meet at least three times with your supervisor in what the IB calls "reflection sessions." These meetings are not only mandatory but are also part of the formal assessment of the EE and your research methods.

According to the IB, the purpose of these meetings is to "provide an opportunity for students to reflect on their engagement with the research process." Basically, these meetings give your supervisor the opportunity to offer feedback, push you to think differently, and encourage you to evaluate your research process.

The final reflection session is called the viva voce, and it's a short 10- to 15-minute interview between you and your advisor. This happens at the very end of the EE process, and it's designed to help your advisor write their report, which factors into your EE grade.

Here are the topics covered in your viva voce :

A check on plagiarism and malpractice
Your reflection on your project's successes and difficulties
Your reflection on what you've learned during the EE process

Your completed Extended Essay, along with your supervisor's report, will then be sent to the IB to be graded. We'll cover the assessment criteria in just a moment.

We'll help you learn how to have those "lightbulb" moments...even on test day!

What Should You Write About in Your IB Extended Essay?

You can technically write about anything, so long as it falls within one of the approved categories listed above.

It's best to choose a topic that matches one of the IB courses , (such as Theatre, Film, Spanish, French, Math, Biology, etc.), which shouldn't be difficult because there are so many class subjects.

Here is a range of sample topics with the attached extended essay:

Biology: The Effect of Age and Gender on the Photoreceptor Cells in the Human Retina
Chemistry: How Does Reflux Time Affect the Yield and Purity of Ethyl Aminobenzoate (Benzocaine), and How Effective is Recrystallisation as a Purification Technique for This Compound?
English: An Exploration of Jane Austen's Use of the Outdoors in Emma
Geography: The Effect of Location on the Educational Attainment of Indigenous Secondary Students in Queensland, Australia
Math: Alhazen's Billiard Problem
Visual Arts: Can Luc Tuymans Be Classified as a Political Painter?

You can see from how varied the topics are that you have a lot of freedom when it comes to picking a topic . So how do you pick when the options are limitless?

How to Write a Stellar IB Extended Essay: 6 Essential Tips

Below are six key tips to keep in mind as you work on your Extended Essay for the IB DP. Follow these and you're sure to get an A!

#1: Write About Something You Enjoy

You can't expect to write a compelling essay if you're not a fan of the topic on which you're writing. For example, I just love British theatre and ended up writing my Extended Essay on a revolution in post-WWII British theatre. (Yes, I'm definitely a #TheatreNerd.)

I really encourage anyone who pursues an IB Diploma to take the Extended Essay seriously. I was fortunate enough to receive a full-tuition merit scholarship to USC's School of Dramatic Arts program. In my interview for the scholarship, I spoke passionately about my Extended Essay; thus, I genuinely think my Extended Essay helped me get my scholarship.

But how do you find a topic you're passionate about? Start by thinking about which classes you enjoy the most and why . Do you like math classes because you like to solve problems? Or do you enjoy English because you like to analyze literary texts?

Keep in mind that there's no right or wrong answer when it comes to choosing your Extended Essay topic. You're not more likely to get high marks because you're writing about science, just like you're not doomed to failure because you've chosen to tackle the social sciences. The quality of what you produce—not the field you choose to research within—will determine your grade.

Once you've figured out your category, you should brainstorm more specific topics by putting pen to paper . What was your favorite chapter you learned in that class? Was it astrophysics or mechanics? What did you like about that specific chapter? Is there something you want to learn more about? I recommend spending a few hours on this type of brainstorming.

One last note: if you're truly stumped on what to research, pick a topic that will help you in your future major or career . That way you can use your Extended Essay as a talking point in your college essays (and it will prepare you for your studies to come too!).

#2: Select a Topic That Is Neither Too Broad nor Too Narrow

There's a fine line between broad and narrow. You need to write about something specific, but not so specific that you can't write 4,000 words on it.

You can't write about WWII because that would be a book's worth of material. You also don't want to write about what type of soup prisoners of war received behind enemy lines, because you probably won’t be able to come up with 4,000 words of material about it. However, you could possibly write about how the conditions in German POW camps—and the rations provided—were directly affected by the Nazis' successes and failures on the front, including the use of captured factories and prison labor in Eastern Europe to increase production. WWII military history might be a little overdone, but you get my point.

If you're really stuck trying to pinpoint a not-too-broad-or-too-narrow topic, I suggest trying to brainstorm a topic that uses a comparison. Once you begin looking through the list of sample essays below, you'll notice that many use comparisons to formulate their main arguments.

I also used a comparison in my EE, contrasting Harold Pinter's Party Time with John Osborne's Look Back in Anger in order to show a transition in British theatre. Topics with comparisons of two to three plays, books, and so on tend to be the sweet spot. You can analyze each item and then compare them with one another after doing some in-depth analysis of each individually. The ways these items compare and contrast will end up forming the thesis of your essay!

When choosing a comparative topic, the key is that the comparison should be significant. I compared two plays to illustrate the transition in British theatre, but you could compare the ways different regional dialects affect people's job prospects or how different temperatures may or may not affect the mating patterns of lightning bugs. The point here is that comparisons not only help you limit your topic, but they also help you build your argument.

Comparisons are not the only way to get a grade-A EE, though. If after brainstorming, you pick a non-comparison-based topic and are still unsure whether your topic is too broad or narrow, spend about 30 minutes doing some basic research and see how much material is out there.

If there are more than 1,000 books, articles, or documentaries out there on that exact topic, it may be too broad. But if there are only two books that have any connection to your topic, it may be too narrow. If you're still unsure, ask your advisor—it's what they're there for! Speaking of advisors...

Don't get stuck with a narrow topic!

#3: Choose an Advisor Who Is Familiar With Your Topic

If you're not certain of who you would like to be your advisor, create a list of your top three choices. Next, write down the pros and cons of each possibility (I know this sounds tedious, but it really helps!).

For example, Mr. Green is my favorite teacher and we get along really well, but he teaches English. For my EE, I want to conduct an experiment that compares the efficiency of American electric cars with foreign electric cars.

I had Ms. White a year ago. She teaches physics and enjoyed having me in her class. Unlike Mr. Green, Ms. White could help me design my experiment.

Based on my topic and what I need from my advisor, Ms. White would be a better fit for me than would Mr. Green (even though I like him a lot).

The moral of my story is this: do not just ask your favorite teacher to be your advisor . They might be a hindrance to you if they teach another subject. For example, I would not recommend asking your biology teacher to guide you in writing an English literature-based EE.

There can, of course, be exceptions to this rule. If you have a teacher who's passionate and knowledgeable about your topic (as my English teacher was about my theatre topic), you could ask that instructor. Consider all your options before you do this. There was no theatre teacher at my high school, so I couldn't find a theatre-specific advisor, but I chose the next best thing.

Before you approach a teacher to serve as your advisor, check with your high school to see what requirements they have for this process. Some IB high schools require your IB Extended Essay advisor to sign an Agreement Form , for instance.

Make sure that you ask your IB coordinator whether there is any required paperwork to fill out. If your school needs a specific form signed, bring it with you when you ask your teacher to be your EE advisor.

#4: Pick an Advisor Who Will Push You to Be Your Best

Some teachers might just take on students because they have to and aren't very passionate about reading drafts, only giving you minimal feedback. Choose a teacher who will take the time to read several drafts of your essay and give you extensive notes. I would not have gotten my A without being pushed to make my Extended Essay draft better.

Ask a teacher that you have experience with through class or an extracurricular activity. Do not ask a teacher that you have absolutely no connection to. If a teacher already knows you, that means they already know your strengths and weaknesses, so they know what to look for, where you need to improve, and how to encourage your best work.

Also, don't forget that your supervisor's assessment is part of your overall EE score . If you're meeting with someone who pushes you to do better—and you actually take their advice—they'll have more impressive things to say about you than a supervisor who doesn't know you well and isn't heavily involved in your research process.

Be aware that the IB only allows advisors to make suggestions and give constructive criticism. Your teacher cannot actually help you write your EE. The IB recommends that the supervisor spends approximately two to three hours in total with the candidate discussing the EE.

#5: Make Sure Your Essay Has a Clear Structure and Flow

The IB likes structure. Your EE needs a clear introduction (which should be one to two double-spaced pages), research question/focus (i.e., what you're investigating), a body, and a conclusion (about one double-spaced page). An essay with unclear organization will be graded poorly.

The body of your EE should make up the bulk of the essay. It should be about eight to 18 pages long (again, depending on your topic). Your body can be split into multiple parts. For example, if you were doing a comparison, you might have one third of your body as Novel A Analysis, another third as Novel B Analysis, and the final third as your comparison of Novels A and B.

If you're conducting an experiment or analyzing data, such as in this EE , your EE body should have a clear structure that aligns with the scientific method ; you should state the research question, discuss your method, present the data, analyze the data, explain any uncertainties, and draw a conclusion and/or evaluate the success of the experiment.

#6: Start Writing Sooner Rather Than Later!

You will not be able to crank out a 4,000-word essay in just a week and get an A on it. You'll be reading many, many articles (and, depending on your topic, possibly books and plays as well!). As such, it's imperative that you start your research as soon as possible.

Each school has a slightly different deadline for the Extended Essay. Some schools want them as soon as November of your senior year; others will take them as late as February. Your school will tell you what your deadline is. If they haven't mentioned it by February of your junior year, ask your IB coordinator about it.

Some high schools will provide you with a timeline of when you need to come up with a topic, when you need to meet with your advisor, and when certain drafts are due. Not all schools do this. Ask your IB coordinator if you are unsure whether you are on a specific timeline.

Below is my recommended EE timeline. While it's earlier than most schools, it'll save you a ton of heartache (trust me, I remember how hard this process was!):

January/February of Junior Year: Come up with your final research topic (or at least your top three options).
February of Junior Year: Approach a teacher about being your EE advisor. If they decline, keep asking others until you find one. See my notes above on how to pick an EE advisor.
April/May of Junior Year: Submit an outline of your EE and a bibliography of potential research sources (I recommend at least seven to 10) to your EE advisor. Meet with your EE advisor to discuss your outline.
Summer Between Junior and Senior Year: Complete your first full draft over the summer between your junior and senior year. I know, I know—no one wants to work during the summer, but trust me—this will save you so much stress come fall when you are busy with college applications and other internal assessments for your IB classes. You will want to have this first full draft done because you will want to complete a couple of draft cycles as you likely won't be able to get everything you want to say into 4,000 articulate words on the first attempt. Try to get this first draft into the best possible shape so you don't have to work on too many revisions during the school year on top of your homework, college applications, and extracurriculars.
August/September of Senior Year: Turn in your first draft of your EE to your advisor and receive feedback. Work on incorporating their feedback into your essay. If they have a lot of suggestions for improvement, ask if they will read one more draft before the final draft.
September/October of Senior Year: Submit the second draft of your EE to your advisor (if necessary) and look at their feedback. Work on creating the best possible final draft.
November-February of Senior Year: Schedule your viva voce. Submit two copies of your final draft to your school to be sent off to the IB. You likely will not get your grade until after you graduate.

Remember that in the middle of these milestones, you'll need to schedule two other reflection sessions with your advisor . (Your teachers will actually take notes on these sessions on a form like this one , which then gets submitted to the IB.)

I recommend doing them when you get feedback on your drafts, but these meetings will ultimately be up to your supervisor. Just don't forget to do them!

The early bird DOES get the worm!

How Is the IB Extended Essay Graded?

Extended Essays are graded by examiners appointed by the IB on a scale of 0 to 34 . You'll be graded on five criteria, each with its own set of points. You can learn more about how EE scoring works by reading the IB guide to extended essays .

Criterion A: Focus and Method (6 points maximum)
Criterion B: Knowledge and Understanding (6 points maximum)
Criterion C: Critical Thinking (12 points maximum)
Criterion D: Presentation (4 points maximum)
Criterion E: Engagement (6 points maximum)

How well you do on each of these criteria will determine the final letter grade you get for your EE. You must earn at least a D to be eligible to receive your IB Diploma.

Although each criterion has a point value, the IB explicitly states that graders are not converting point totals into grades; instead, they're using qualitative grade descriptors to determine the final grade of your Extended Essay . Grade descriptors are on pages 102-103 of this document .

Here's a rough estimate of how these different point values translate to letter grades based on previous scoring methods for the EE. This is just an estimate —you should read and understand the grade descriptors so you know exactly what the scorers are looking for.


30-34	Excellent: A
25-29	Good: B
17-24	Satisfactory: C
9-16	Mediocre: D
0-8	Elementary: E

Here is the breakdown of EE scores (from the May 2021 bulletin):


A	10.1%
B	24.4%
C	40.8%
D	22.5%
E	1.4%
N (No Grade Awarded)	0.7%

How Does the Extended Essay Grade Affect Your IB Diploma?

The Extended Essay grade is combined with your TOK (Theory of Knowledge) grade to determine how many points you get toward your IB Diploma.

To learn about Theory of Knowledge or how many points you need to receive an IB Diploma, read our complete guide to the IB program and our guide to the IB Diploma requirements .

This diagram shows how the two scores are combined to determine how many points you receive for your IB diploma (3 being the most, 0 being the least). In order to get your IB Diploma, you have to earn 24 points across both categories (the TOK and EE). The highest score anyone can earn is 45 points.

Let's say you get an A on your EE and a B on TOK. You will get 3 points toward your Diploma. As of 2014, a student who scores an E on either the extended essay or TOK essay will not be eligible to receive an IB Diploma .

Prior to the class of 2010, a Diploma candidate could receive a failing grade in either the Extended Essay or Theory of Knowledge and still be awarded a Diploma, but this is no longer true.

Figuring out how you're assessed can be a little tricky. Luckily, the IB breaks everything down here in this document . (The assessment information begins on page 219.)

40+ Sample Extended Essays for the IB Diploma Programme

In case you want a little more guidance on how to get an A on your EE, here are over 40 excellent (grade A) sample extended essays for your reading pleasure. Essays are grouped by IB subject.

Business Management 1
Chemistry 1
Chemistry 2
Chemistry 3
Chemistry 4
Chemistry 5
Chemistry 6
Chemistry 7
Computer Science 1
Economics 1
Design Technology 1
Design Technology 2
Environmental Systems and Societies 1
Geography 1
Geography 2
Geography 3
Geography 4
Geography 5
Geography 6
Literature and Performance 1
Mathematics 1
Mathematics 2
Mathematics 3
Mathematics 4
Mathematics 5
Philosophy 1
Philosophy 2
Philosophy 3
Philosophy 4
Philosophy 5
Psychology 1
Psychology 2
Psychology 3
Psychology 4
Psychology 5
Social and Cultural Anthropology 1
Social and Cultural Anthropology 2
Social and Cultural Anthropology 3
Sports, Exercise and Health Science 1
Sports, Exercise and Health Science 2
Visual Arts 1
Visual Arts 2
Visual Arts 3
Visual Arts 4
Visual Arts 5
World Religion 1
World Religion 2
World Religion 3

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Extended Essay

Extended Essay Topics

Get Inspired: 110 Unique Extended Essay Topics and Ideas

14 min read

Published on: May 7, 2023

Last updated on: Jan 30, 2024

IB Extended Essay Topics

IB extended essay topics are diverse, interdisciplinary, and self-directed. They can be chosen from a wide range of subjects and must be grounded in academic research.

The topics are broad but feasible for in-depth research and writing. Writing an extended essay develops students' skills in critical thinking, and research, and prepares them for the future.

Here are extended essay topics categorized by subjects.

Biology Extended Essay Topics

Here is a list of extended essay topics biology:

Investigating the effectiveness of different types of natural insecticides on pest control.
Analyzing the effect of X diet on gut microbiome composition and health.
Examining the role of gut microbiota in human health and disease.
Studying the genetic basis of addiction and its implications for treatment.
Exploring the potential of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing for disease prevention and treatment.
Analyzing the effects of different types of stress on the human body and mind.
Examining the impact of X medication on the functioning of the Y organ system.
Investigating the potential of stem cells in regenerative medicine.
The effects of X substance on the behavior of Y cell type.
Analyzing the ecological impact of invasive species on native ecosystems.

English Extended Essay Topics

Here are some extended essay topics English literature:

Analyzing the use of symbolism in Nathaniel Hawthorneâs The Scarlet Letter.
Investigating the role of gender in Jane Austenâs Pride and Prejudice.
How does Shakespeare use the theme of fate in Romeo and Juliet?
Examining the impact of colonialism in Chinua Achebeâs Things Fall Apart.
Analyzing the Theme of Power in J.R.R. Tolkien's Lord of the Rings.
How does F. Scott Fitzgerald critique the American Dream in The Great Gatsby?
Investigating the representation of race in Toni Morrisonâs Beloved.
Analyzing the use of narrative structure in Gabriel Garcia Marquezâs One Hundred Years of Solitude.
How does George Orwell use satire to critique totalitarianism in Animal Farm?
Examining the use of magical realism in Isabel Allendeâs The House of the Spirits.

Psychology Extended Essay Topics

Check out this list of extended essay topics psychology:

Investigating the impact of childhood trauma on adult mental health.
Analyzing the relationship between personality traits and career success.
Investigating the effects of social media on adolescent self-esteem and body image.
Analyzing the impact of X drug on brain chemistry and behavior.
Analyzing the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in treating anxiety disorders.
Examining the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy in treating anxiety disorders.
Investigating the relationship between X personality trait and addiction.
Investigating the role of nature vs. nurture in the development of sexual orientation.
Examining the effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance and mood.
Investigating the impact of X's environmental factor on the development of Y's mental health condition.

Economics Extended Essay Topics

Here is a list of extended essay topics in economics:

Exploring the relationship between government policies and income inequality in a particular country.
Investigating the relationship between X income inequality and economic growth.
Evaluating the effects of trade protectionism on domestic industries and consumers.
The impact of X technology on employment and labor markets.
Investigating the relationship between taxation and corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices.
Examining the role of innovation and entrepreneurship in driving economic growth.
The effectiveness of X price discrimination strategy in increasing firm revenue.
Exploring the role of corporate mergers and acquisitions in industry consolidation and market power.
Investigating the relationship between X tax policy and small business growth.
Assessing the impact of government regulation on the growth and development of emerging technologies.

Chemistry Extended Essay Topics

Investigating the effects of different types of sunscreen on UV radiation protection.
Analyzing the efficiency of different types of water filtration systems in removing contaminants.
Exploring the chemistry behind the flavors and aromas of different types of wine.
What are the chemical reactions involved in food preservation techniques?
Assessing the impact of different types of fertilizers on soil pH and plant growth.
Examining the chemistry of fermentation and its applications in the production of different types of alcoholic beverages.
What is the impact of air pollution on atmospheric chemistry and climate change?
Analyzing the chemical properties of different types of plastics and their environmental impact.
What is the chemistry behind the synthesis and properties of superconductors?
Studying the chemistry of batteries and their applications in energy storage.

Physics Extended Essay Topics

Here are some extended essay topics for physics:

Investigating the physics of fluid dynamics and its applications in aerodynamics.
Exploring the properties and applications of different types of superconductors
The effect of X wavelength on the speed of light in a medium.
The physics of magnetic levitation and its applications in transportation.
Investigating the relationship between X surface area and the rate of evaporation.
Exploring the properties and applications of different types of lasers.
Investigating the physics of nuclear fusion and its potential as a clean energy source.
Studying the relationship between the X spring constant and the period of oscillation of a mass-spring system.
Exploring the physics of quantum computing and its potential applications in computing and cryptography.
Analyzing the efficiency of heat engine technology.

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Extended Essay Topics Business

Here is a list of business management extended essay topics:

Examining the Relationship Between Corporate Culture and Employee Motivation
Assessing the Effects of Social Media Marketing on Consumer Behavior and Brand Awareness
Investigating the Factors that Contribute to Successful International Joint Ventures
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Talent Management Strategies in Recruiting and Retaining Top Employees
Analyzing the Impact of E-Commerce on Traditional Retail Business Models
Studying the Role of Emotional Intelligence in Effective Leadership and Team Management
Exploring Strategies for Managing Workplace Diversity and Inclusion
Investigating the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Job Displacement and Workforce Development
Exploring the Benefits and Challenges of Strategic Partnerships for Business Growth and Innovation
Analyzing the Effects of Government Regulations on Business Operations and Profitability.

History Extended Essay Topics

Here is some extended essay topics history:

Analyzing the Impact of the Opium Wars on China's Relationship with the West
Studying the Factors that Contributed to the Fall of the Roman Empire
Examining the Legacy of the Haitian Revolution and its Influence on Global Anti-Colonial Movements
Evaluating the Role of Women in the Civil Rights Movement in the United States
What Were the Causes and Consequences of the Spanish Civil War
Investigating the Factors that Led to the Rise of Fascism in Italy
The Impact of the American Indian Movement on Indigenous Rights in the United States
Evaluating the Success and Failures of the United Nations in Promoting International Peace and Security
What Became The Causes and Consequences of the Partition of India in 1947
Investigating the Role of Propaganda in Shaping Public Opinion during World War II.

Extended Essay Topics Computer Science

Enhancing Cybersecurity with Artificial Intelligence: An Investigation
Social Media Algorithms and User Behavior: An Analysis of Political Polarization
Ethical Implications of Facial Recognition Technology: An Examination
Detecting Financial Fraud with Machine Learning Algorithms: An Evaluation
Blockchain Technology in Supply Chain Management: A Study
Quantum Computing and Cryptography: An Investigation into Data Security
Computer Science and Sustainable Energy Technologies: A Review
Predictive Analytics for Healthcare: A Comparative Study of Data Mining Techniques
Autonomous Vehicles: An Exploration of Ethical and Social Implications
Assistive Technologies for People with Disabilities: A Critical Assessment of Computer Science Contributions.

Extended Essay Topics Global Politics

Assessing the effectiveness of UN peacekeeping missions in resolving conflicts
The impact of social media on political activism and social movements in the digital age
The role of international organizations in promoting human rights and humanitarian aid
The influence of neoliberalism on global economic policies and its impact on developing countries
Investigating the root causes of terrorism and strategies for combating it in the modern world
The impact of climate change on global politics and the role of international cooperation in addressing it
An Evaluation of China's Belt and Road Initiative and its impact on global economic and political power dynamics
The Role of soft power in shaping international relations and Diplomacy
Analyzing the ethical implications of drone warfare and targeted killings in contemporary warfare
The challenges and opportunities of refugee resettlement policies in developed countries.

Extended Essay Topics Geography

The relationship between tourism and environmental conservation in a specific region or national park.
Evaluating the effectiveness of different methods for managing and reducing plastic waste in coastal cities.
The impact of sea level rise on coastal communities and infrastructure in a particular location.
Comparing the effectiveness of different renewable energy sources for powering a specific region or country.
Assessing the impact of deforestation on the water cycle and water availability in a particular region.
Examining the impact of urbanization on the microclimate of a specific city or urban area.
Studying the potential impact of a future earthquake or volcanic eruption on a particular region or city.
What is the effectiveness of various adaptation strategies to mitigate the impact of climate change on agriculture in a particular region or country?
Investigating the relationship between air pollution and respiratory health in a specific urban area or region.
Assessing the impact of mining on the environment and local communities in a particular region or country.

Research Questions for Extended Essay

Here is a list of research questions for extended essays:

To what extent has social media impacted political participation and activism among young people?
How does the representation of mental illness in literature reflect changing societal attitudes toward mental health over time?
What is the impact of the use of technology in the classroom on student learning outcomes?
To what extent do cultural factors shape perceptions of beauty and body image, and what are the potential negative effects of these perceptions on individuals and society?
How has the #MeToo movement impacted the legal and social responses to sexual harassment and assault?
What are the ethical implications of using artificial intelligence to make decisions in fields such as medicine or finance?
How has globalization impacted economic inequality both within and between countries?
To what extent do historical events such as colonization continue to shape contemporary social and economic disparities in certain regions or countries?
What is the psychological impact of exposure to violent or graphic media on children and adolescents?
How do cultural attitudes towards mental health differ across different regions or countries, and what are the implications of these differences for the treatment of mental illness?

Good Vs. Bad Research Questions

When creating research questions, it's important to know that they're not the same as essay topics. Good research questions have certain qualities that make them effective, while bad ones can lead to unsuccessful research.

Let's talk about how to tell the difference!


Clarity and Specificity	What are the long-term effects of childhood exposure to secondhand smoke on respiratory health?	How does smoking affect health?
Relevance and Significance	How does the use of technology in the classroom impact student learning outcomes?	What is the impact of stuff in classrooms on students?
Feasibility	What are the most effective strategies for reducing plastic waste in urban areas?	How can we create a perpetual motion machine?
Focused and Narrow	How does the portrayal of mental illness in film impact public perception of mental health issues?	What is the relationship between the number of blades on a wind turbine and energy production?
Testable and Measurable	How does the use of mindfulness meditation impact stress levels in college students?	What is the meaning of life?

Characteristics of a Good Extended Essay Topic

Choosing a good extended essay topic is crucial to the success of your project. Here are some characteristics to keep in mind:

Personal interest: Select a topic that you find interesting and fascinating. This will make the research and writing process much more enjoyable.
Feasibility: Choose a topic that is feasible within the given time and resource constraints. Consider factors such as access to information and availability of sources.
Originality: Aim for a topic that is original and unique. Avoid choosing a topic that is too broad or generic.
Significance: Select a topic that is significant and relevant to the subject area. The topic should have relevance beyond the extended essay itself.
Research potential: Choose a topic that has ample scope for research and analysis. This will ensure that you have enough material to write a comprehensive essay.

By considering these characteristics, you can select an extended essay topic that will result in a rewarding project.

How to Choose an Extended Essay Topic?

The extended essay is an opportunity to explore a topic of personal interest and develop research skills while demonstrating its understanding.

Here are some things IB students should consider when choosing an EE topic:

Understand the EE Guidelines

To choose an appropriate topic for your extended essay, you must first familiarize yourself with the requirements set by the IB program.

You can refer to an extended essay guide for this. This will ensure that your chosen topic is within the scope of the program and meets the necessary academic standards.

Brainstorm and Narrow Down Options

Brainstorming is a crucial step in selecting an extended essay topic. Start by generating a list of ideas based on your interests and passions.

Narrow down options by considering feasibility, resources, and research questions.

Consider Personal Interests

Selecting a topic that matches your interests can enhance your extended essay research and writing process.

Consider your strengths and weaknesses when choosing a topic to ensure successful completion of the project.

Evaluate the Feasibility and Scope of Topic

It is essential to evaluate the feasibility and scope of your chosen topic before committing to it fully.

Consider factors such as the availability of resources, potential research questions, and the time and effort required to complete the project. Make sure that your chosen topic is manageable and realistic within the given timeframe.

By carefully picking the right topic, you can take the first step towards ensuring a good extended essay grade.

With the list of topics provided and the tips on how to choose, you are well-equipped to begin your extended essay journey.

However, if the process still seems overwhelming, don't hesitate to reach out to our college essay-writing service for help.

Our AI essay writer can write your extended essay on any topic you need.

Also, our writers can guide you in choosing a topic, conducting research, and crafting a well-structured essay that meets the requirements.

With our extended essay writing service , youâll get a top-quality essay that earns you the grade you deserve.

Frequently Asked Question (FAQs)

What is a good extended essay topic.

A good extended essay topic is one that aligns with your personal interests and passions, and allows for in-depth research and analysis.

What is the easiest extended essay topic?

There is no one "easiest" extended essay topic, as the level of difficulty can vary based on individual strengths and weaknesses. However, selecting a topic that you have a strong background knowledge in can make the process easier.

Is it easy to get an A in an extended essay?

It is possible to get an A in an extended essay, but it requires a strong understanding of the chosen topic, thorough research, and well-structured writing that meets all the requirements.

Nova A. (Literature, Marketing)

As a Digital Content Strategist, Nova Allison has eight years of experience in writing both technical and scientific content. With a focus on developing online content plans that engage audiences, Nova strives to write pieces that are not only informative but captivating as well.

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Extended Essay Topics: 50+ Examples for Subject in EE

by Antony W

July 30, 2022

This is the complete list of Extended Essay topics on different EE subject areas. We’ve packed this guide with as many topic ideas as possible.

So if you’re just getting started with the IB extended essay assignment and you’re already stuck on topic selection, this post might help you to get unstuck.

What is an Extended Essay?

Abbreviated as EE, the Extended Essay is a required component of the IB Diploma Program for all students, regardless of the disciplines they are studying.

The objective of the Extended Essay is to offer students the chance to conduct research on a topic of their choice and demonstrate knowledge and reading beyond the classroom curriculum. The essay also provides students with the opportunity to develop abilities necessary for researching and writing in advanced learning institutions.

Students often begin working on their essay during the second term of their first year of the IB Diploma Program. They will require a manager (one of the teachers at their school) with whom they will meet on a regular basis to help them outline their research questions and lead them through the writing process.

The IB diploma program allows you to prepare and submit one draft to the supervisor for input, followed by a second, final draft. As for the length of the extended essay, you want to make sure the assignment doesn’t exceed 4,000 words .

Getting Extended Essay Help

Owing to the very nature of the IB program, searching for an extended essay topic and getting the task completed can be an involving task. If you feel like the whole process would end up rather overwhelming, you can take advantage of our extended essay writing service and we’ll help you get the task done.

For just $19.09/page, you can get the professional writing help and advice required to score a 34 in your Extended Essay. The pricing is standard regardless of the topic you would like to work on.

Extended Essay Topics

If you’re confident that you can write an extended essay yourself, and you should, you need to start with selecting the right topic for the assignment. Here are some topic ideas to get you started:

1. English Extended Essay Topics

The following are some of the best examples of topic ideas to consider if you choose to write an Extended Essay in the English subject.

How the heroic couplets of the neoclassical period differed from those of the romantic period, and why classical poetry had so many rules.
How many different styles of poetry can we observe from the English Renaissance through modernism and postmodernism?
Does colonialism have an effect on modern poetry and the manner in which it evolves during the many eras of colonial rule?
Why has euphemism been so prominent in the English language for so long and how does this affect the lexicon and structure of the language?
Can we argue that, unlike other languages of the globe, English is a language of conventions and traditions with no hard and fast rules?
What function does slang play in the English language, and how are slang terms now preserved in official and academic dictionaries?
What are the primary causes of the gradual shift in the spelling of English words through time?
Impact of globalization on the evolution of the English language as it becomes the universal language.

We encourage you to read more about English Extended Essay for further insights.

2. Biology Extended Essay Topics

How do age and gender influence the photoreceptor cells in the human retina?
What effects does climate change have on the appearance of coral reefs?
An analysis of how antioxidants function in the human body?
Which of hand sanitizer, hand soap, or antibacterial wipes inhibits the development of E. coli the most effectively?
How does population density between X and X’s population size relate?
What is the link between the growth hormone indoleacetic acid and the growth of X?

You can read more about Biology EE here.

3. Business Management Extended Essay Topics

We put together an in-depth guide on IB Business Management EE to give you more insight about the subject.

In addition to teaching you exactly how to write an EE in this subject, the post includes some interesting topic ideas as well as their respective research questions.

Remember to check it out to learn more.

4. Chemistry Extended Essay Topics

What effect does acid rain have on the trees, plants, and public gardens in your neighborhood?
Analyze the chemical composition of various types of lava and magma rocks from across the world.
What kinds of chemical components are responsible for the majority of food allergies?
Examine the chemistry of MDMA and other “nightclub” or designer drugs in users of various ages.
Examine how chemical experiments and the knowledge gained from them have altered the globe.
How has the usage of fluoride in the community’s water supply benefited and harmed the community?
What chemical difference does choosing organic foods vs pesticide-treated foods have on our bodies?
What impact have big cosmetics manufacturers made on our contemporary understanding of chemistry?
What type of chemistry is involved in making generic medications cheaper than brand-name pharmaceuticals?

You can read more about Chemistry Extended Essay in this post.

5. Computer Science Extended Essay Topics

In what way are support vector machines more accurate in predicting ATP tennis matches than artificial neural networks?
To what extent are Java-generated pseudo-random numbers more predictable than C#-generated numbers?
How much more effectively does MP3 encoding reduce quality loss and file size than OGG in terms of algorithmic efficiency and encoded file quality?
How well does the binary search algorithm locate specific values among variable-sized data sets?
How much more efficient is Depth First Search than Breadth First Search for path finding in artificial intelligence and robot motion planning?
To what degree is hashing a more appropriate and efficient method than binary search for locating specific values in different-sized data sets?
How do Password Length and Character Variation Influence the Entropy of a Password?
How much more space-efficient is the AES symmetric encryption method compared to the Blowfish symmetric encryption technique when encrypting data of varied sizes and types?

6. Economics Extended Essay Topics

What is the connection between unemployment and economic contraction?
Is Alcohol Consumption Regulation Beneficial to the Stock Market?
Trucking Companies and the Effects of Sanctions and Trade Embargoes
Analysis of the Effects of Increasing Taxes on Multinational Corporations and Religious Organizations
What Negative Effects Will a “Hard” Brexit Have on Scotland and Wales?
How Will the Substitution of Fossil Fuels with Solar Power Affect the Economies of Middle Eastern Nations?
In Sub-Saharan Africa, deforestation and man-made disasters are the leading causes of poverty.

We’ve written an in-depth guide on Economics Extended Essay, and we encourage you to check it out to learn more about the subject.

7. Environmental Systems and Societies EE Topics

The following are some interesting topics on the Environmental Systems and Societies. The X is a variable, which can be a name of any city or country you’d wish to investigate in your ESS.

What forest and woodland restoration strategies exist in Siberia, Russia, and one is the most effective?
How can human meddling in X city/country/continent produce ecological imbalances?
What effect does urbanization have on the bee population in X city?
What are the distinctions between Yosemite National Park (California, USA) and Lake District National Park (United Kingdom) in terms of dialogue efforts?
How much have healthcare policies in nation X affected its human population curve?
What impact has X’s landfill had on the surrounding terrestrial ecosystem?

You can read our ESS guide to learn more about this subject before you start working on your Extended Essay assignment.

8. Film Extended Essay Topics

Relationship between IMDB ratings and several national and international film honors
The current transformation of masculinity as represented in Fight Club
Varieties of timeline modification methods in cinematography
Sci-fi film portrayals of scientists and the scientific method are grossly inaccurate.
Moving camera – inventive approaches (such as those utilized in The Matrix or Guy Ritchie’s film)
How can filmic approaches depict the evolution of Disney princesses from 1937 to 2012?
How are transgender characters portrayed in two films from distinct periods?

9. Geography Extended Essay Topics

What socioeconomic and urban design elements contribute to high vandalism rates in Eindhoven’s neighborhoods?
How does the quality of life of Filipina Foreign Domestic Workers in Downtown Singapore compare to that of Filipinas in the Philippines?
An inquiry examining whether Singapore qualifies as a sustainable city
To what degree do migratory patterns and motivations in the northern area of Thailand correspond to predicted migration movements in an LDC?
Comparative analysis of the provision of public services in Warsaw’s districts

Check out our complete guide on Geography EE to learn more about the subject. Make sure you check the assessment criteria part, so you can write the kind of an EE that earns you top grades – if not a 34.

10. Global Politics EE

The legitimacy of the 2003 US-led invasion of Iraq; to what extent was the invasion justified? (2021)
How media depictions and government information can diverge
How the success of a political party in one nation may affect the results in another.
Comparing the influence of global political trends on two countries reveals contrasting results.
The effect of a single crisis on the political ties between two countries

We’ve put together a more comprehensive guide on Global Politics Extended Essay . So we encourage you to check that out to learn more.

11. History Extended Essay

The consequences of dropping nuclear bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
You can investigate the economic, ethnic, social, and even environmental consequences of conflict diamonds.
The evolution of military technology during the American Civil War
The post-apartheid work of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission Southwest Africa
The rise and collapse of the Ottoman Empire and its economic influence

You can get more topic ideas on this subject from this post .

12. Math Extended Essay

How can mathematics be used to determine the ideal distance from the try line for positioning the ball for a rugby union conversion kick?
In the sliding tile problem, what is the graph structure of m x n?
How long does it take to travel around the whole Singapore MRT network? (2015)
Modeling mathematics – An examination of the Richardson arms race model (2020)
Real-world applications of a study of differential equations of the second order
A mathematical examination of shock absorbers’ damped harmonic motion

Our IB Math EE guide has more insights worth checking out. So we recommend going through the guide before you start writing an extended essay on this subject.

13. Physics Extended Essay Ideas

How may the design of an airplane’s wings affect its aerodynamic performance?
Why is it required for the wing of an aircraft to have an ‘angle of attack’? Is it impossible for the aircraft to behave the same without the angle of attack?
If landing gears are a cause of drag during flight, how is a Cessna able to deliver a sufficient amount of force to overcome drag?

14. Psychology EE Ideas

What do we know about the connection between stress and bodily disease, and can we utilize this information to manage stress?
To what degree can psychology offer plausible explanations for altruistic behavior?
Which strategies are most effective in assisting autistic youngsters in improving their everyday functioning?
The difficulty of identifying particular genetic variables that might indicate an autism risk
How well biological (or sociocultural) variables explain the origin of homosexuality.
To what degree does parental discipline affect the temperament of their children?
Are Montessori schools, which utilize a humanistic approach to education, also consistent with cognitive theory?

We’ve put together a complete guide on Physics Extended Essay. So, check that out to learn more about the subject.

15. Visual Arts

What role did national themes have in the creative activity of Russian avant-garde artists associated with the Knave of Diamonds society?
How did men and women’s clothes communicate National Socialist ideals?
How does Yinka Shonibare’s work represent the evolving importance of African art in a global society?
What are the origins of Romanesque architecture in Arles?
Are there pop art elements in the design of Pakistani trucks?

Check out this post to learn more about the topic.

About the author

Antony W is a professional writer and coach at Help for Assessment. He spends countless hours every day researching and writing great content filled with expert advice on how to write engaging essays, research papers, and assignments.

IB Extended Essay: 250+ Ideas and Guide

Charles Whitehouse

What is the IB Extended Essay?

The Extended Essay , along with the Creativity, Activity, Service component and Theory of Knowledge , forms an integral part of the IB Diploma Programme . It offers IB high school students an opportunity to explore a topic of personal interest in-depth, develop research and writing skills, and experience the rigours of academic investigation.

One of the distinguishing features of the IB Extended Essay is its length. It requires students to write a substantial essay of up to 4,000 words, which is equivalent to about 16-20 pages. This allows students to delve into their chosen subject matter and demonstrate their ability to engage with complex ideas.

Over 88,000 IBDP students across the globe undertook the Extended Essay in 2022 as part of their IB Diploma requirements. It has been lauded as an effective preparation for university-level research and writing, helping students develop critical thinking, analytical, and independent research skills.

The Extended Essay is an opportunity for students to apply the knowledge and skills gained from their chosen subjects in a multidisciplinary manner. It encourages interdisciplinary exploration, enabling students to connect different areas of knowledge and develop a deeper understanding of the subject matter.

In order to successfully complete the Extended Essay, students must adhere to a structured process that includes selecting a research question, conducting thorough research, organising their findings, and presenting their analysis and conclusions in a coherent manner. By undertaking the IB Extended Essay, students not only enhance their academic skills but also develop essential skills such as time management, critical thinking, and independent inquiry.

How to Choose Your Extended Essay Research Question?

Choosing a research question for your IB Extended Essay is a crucial step that sets the direction and scope of your investigation. Here are some key considerations to keep in mind when selecting your research question:

1. Personal Interest: Choose a topic that genuinely interests you. Passion for the subject matter will fuel your motivation and dedication throughout the research process.

2. Feasibility: Ensure that your research question is manageable within the constraints of the Extended Essay. Consider the availability of resources, time required for research and analysis, and the scope of the topic.

3. Specificity: Formulate a research question that is focused and specific. A broad question may lead to a lack of depth in your analysis, while a narrow question may limit the availability of relevant sources and data.

4. Relevance: Select a research question that is relevant to the subject you are investigating. It should align with the objectives and content of the chosen subject area.

5. Novelty: Aim for a research question that offers a unique perspective or contributes to existing knowledge. Originality in your approach and analysis can make your Extended Essay stand out.

6. Consultation: Seek guidance from your teachers, mentors, or IB tutors . They can provide valuable insights and help you refine your research question.

Remember that your research question will shape the entire trajectory of your Extended Essay, so take the time to carefully consider and refine it before proceeding with your research.

Now, let's explore a variety of ideas for each subject, providing you with a diverse range of potential topics to consider for your IB Extended Essay.

Top 10 IB Extended Essay Subjects in 2022

Extended Essay Ideas for Each Subject

1. How Do Fibonacci Sequences Apply in Real World Scenarios?

2. Do Fractals Have a Role in Modelling Weather Patterns?

3. Is the Monty Hall Problem Really Counter-Intuitive? A Statistical Analysis.

4. To What Extent Does the Golden Ratio Appear in Architecture?

5. How Does Bayesian Probability Predict Election Outcomes?

6. The Role of Game Theory in the Cold War: A Mathematical Perspective.

7. Can Catastrophe Theory Model Stock Market Crashes?

8. How Effective are Neural Networks in Predicting Future Events?

9. A Study of the Mathematical Strategies Employed in Chess.

10. Comparing the Accuracy of Different Numerical Methods for Solving Differential Equations.

11. Is Bitcoin's Value Deterministic or Stochastic?

12. How Does Voronoi Diagram Optimize Emergency Service Locations?

13. Using the Markov Chain to Predict Weather Patterns.

14. To What Extent is RSA Encryption Secure?

15. How Does Linear Algebra Apply in Computer Graphics?

16. An Investigation into the Math Behind Google's PageRank Algorithm.

17. How Effective is the Math Behind Machine Learning Algorithms?

18. Exploring the Effect of Maths in Optimising Traffic Flow.

19. Are There Mathematical Patterns in Successful Lottery Numbers?

20. How Efficiently Can Prime Numbers Be Generated?

Have a look at our comprehensive set of IB Study Notes and IB Practice Questions , developed by expert IB teachers and examiners!

English Literature

1. The Role of Feminism in Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice.

2. A Study of Racial Identity in Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye.

3. Is Hamlet Truly Mad or Just Pretending? An Analysis.

4. The Impact of Post-Colonialism in Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart.

5. How Does Orwell Use Language to Depict Dystopia in 1984?

6. The Influence of Gothic Elements in Emily Bronte's Wuthering Heights.

7. The Depiction of Mental Illness in Sylvia Plath's The Bell Jar.

8. The Role of Nature in William Wordsworth's Romantic Poetry.

9. The Effect of Social Hierarchy in F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby.

10. How Does Harper Lee Convey Themes of Racial Injustice in To Kill a Mockingbird?

11. Exploring Gender Stereotypes in George Eliot's Middlemarch.

12. The Role of Supernatural in Shakespeare's Macbeth.

13. Exploring the Influence of Marxism in George Orwell's Animal Farm.

14. A Study of Homosexuality in Oscar Wilde's The Picture of Dorian Gray.

15. How Does Virginia Woolf Explore Feminism in Mrs Dalloway?

16. The Depiction of War in Erich Maria Remarque's All Quiet on the Western Front.

17. The Role of the American Dream in Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman.

18. The Use of Symbolism in Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter.

19. A Study of Isolation in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein.

20. The Impact of Social Class in Charles Dickens' Great Expectations.

1. How Do Different pH Levels Affect the Activity of Enzymes in Yeast?

2. Investigating the Effects of Light Intensity on the Rate of Photosynthesis.

3. How Does Temperature Affect the Germination of Seeds?

4. Impact of Varying Salinity Levels on Brine Shrimp Survival Rates.

5. The Role of Epigenetics in Gene Expression: Case Study on Identical Twins.

6. To What Extent Do Different Antibiotics Inhibit Bacterial Growth?

7. How Does Caffeine Affect the Heart Rate of Daphnia?

8. An Investigation into the Impact of Pollution on Local Plant Diversity.

9. The Impact of Various Drugs on the Pulsation Rate of Lumbriculus variegatus.

10. Comparing the Efficacy of Natural Vs. Synthetic Pesticides on Plant Growth.

11. The Role of Gut Microbiota in Obesity: A Literature Review.

12. Does the Level of Vitamin C in Oranges Change Over Time?

13. How Do Different Types of Soil Affect Earthworm Activity?

14. Investigating the Correlation Between Altitude and Plant Biodiversity.

15. Analysis of Microplastic Concentration in Local Freshwater Bodies.

16. Impact of Noise Pollution on Birdsong: A Case Study.

17. A Comparison of Antibacterial Properties in Manuka Honey Vs. Regular Honey.

18. The Effect of Different Light Wavelengths on the Growth of Pea Plants.

19. How Does Exercise Intensity Impact Blood Glucose Levels?

20. Is There a Correlation Between Water pH and Aquatic Life Diversity?

1. How Does Temperature Affect the Rate of Reaction in the Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide?

2. Investigating the Effectiveness of Different Antacids on Stomach Acid.

3. A Comparative Study on the Vitamin C Concentration in Different Citrus Fruits.

4. How Does Cooking Time Affect the Vitamin C Levels in Vegetables?

5. To What Extent Does Enzyme Concentration Affect the Fermentation of Yeast?

6. Analysis of Caffeine Content in Different Types of Tea .

7. The Effect of Different Factors on the Corrosion of Iron.

8. How Does the Concentration of Sodium Chloride Affect the Electrolysis of Water?

9. Comparing the Energy Output of Different Biofuels.

10. The Effect of Temperature on the Crystal Size in the Recrystallisation Process.

11. Comparing the Acidities of Natural and Processed Foods.

12. Investigating the Effect of Various Catalysts on the Rate of Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition.

13. Synthesis of Aspirin: A Study on the Purity of the Product.

14. Comparing the Efficiency of Different Types of Solar Panels.

15. Investigating the Impact of Carbonation on pH Levels in Various Soft Drinks.

16. The Effect of Chelating Agents on the Solubility of Metal Ions.

17. A Study on the Photodegradation of Dyes Using Titanium Dioxide.

18. How Do Different Sugar Types Affect Fermentation Rates in Yeast?

19. Analysis of Water Hardness in Various Local Water Supplies.

20. Investigating the Efficacy of Different Water Filtration Methods in Removing Heavy Metals.

1. Investigating the Relationship Between the Drop Height and Crater Size in a Simulated Impact.

2. How Does the Angle of Incidence Affect the Efficiency of a Solar Panel?

3. Analysing the Relationship Between the Length of a Pendulum and Its Period.

4. To What Extent Does the Mass of a Projectile Affect Its Range?

5. Investigating the Factors Affecting the Drag Force on a Falling Object.

6. A Study on the Efficiency of Different Insulating Materials in Reducing Heat Loss.

7. How Does the Depth of Water Affect Wave Speed?

8. The Relationship Between the Angle of Release and the Distance Traveled by a Trebuchet.

9. Investigating the Effect of Surface Area on Terminal Velocity.

10. How Does the Thickness of a Wire Affect Its Electrical Resistance?

11. The Impact of Varying Air Pressure on the Lift Force of an Airfoil.

12. Analysing the Relationship Between the Magnitude of an Earthquake and the Distance from the Epicentre.

13. Investigating the Factors Affecting the Speed of Sound in Different Media.

14. How Does the Concentration of a Solution Affect Its Refractive Index?

15. The Effect of Various Materials on the Absorption of Radiation.

16. A Study on the Efficiency of Wind Turbines at Different Wind Speeds.

17. Investigating the Effect of Temperature on the Viscosity of Liquids.

18. How Does the Type of Material Affect the Transmission of Sound Waves?

19. The Relationship Between the Angle of a Ramp and the Frictional Force Acting on an Object.

20. A Study on the Factors Affecting the Strength of Electromagnets.

1. The Impact of Social Media on Teenagers' Mental Health: A Cross-Cultural Study.

2. Investigating the Role of Parenting Styles in Child Development.

3. The Effect of Sleep Deprivation on Cognitive Performance.

4. How Does Classical Conditioning Apply in Advertising Strategies?

5. The Impact of Colour on Consumer Behaviour: A Study in Retail Settings.

6. The Role of Social Support in Coping with Stress.

7. To What Extent Does Personality Influence Career Success?

8. Investigating the Effect of Group Dynamics on Decision Making.

9. The Impact of Music on Cognitive Task Performance.

10. A Study on the Effectiveness of Different Techniques for Reducing Test Anxiety.

11. The Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence and Academic Performance.

12. Analysing the Impact of Stereotype Threat on Test Performance.

13. Investigating the Factors Affecting the Formation of False Memories.

14. How Does the Bystander Effect Manifest in Online Settings?

15. The Role of Mindfulness in Reducing Stress and Anxiety.

16. Analysing the Impact of Gender Stereotypes on Occupational Choices.

17. Investigating the Influence of Cultural Background on Conflict Resolution Styles.

18. The Impact of Video Games on Aggression: A Meta-Analysis.

19. A Study on the Factors Affecting Altruistic Behaviour.

20. The Role of Attachment Styles in Romantic Relationships.

1. Investigating the Impact of Unemployment on Crime Rates in Urban Areas.

2. The Effect of Immigration on Wage Levels: A Case Study.

3. To What Extent Does Government Spending Influence Economic Growth?

4. A Comparative Analysis of the Economic Impact of Tourism in Coastal Vs. Inland Regions.

5. Assessing the Impact of Brexit on the UK's Trade Balance.

6. The Role of Microfinance in Alleviating Poverty in Rural India.

7. Investigating the Effects of Minimum Wage Policies on Small Businesses.

8. The Impact of Covid-19 on the Global Supply Chain: A Study on the Auto Industry.

9. How Do Oil Prices Affect Inflation Rates? A Historical Analysis.

10. A Study on the Relationship Between Income Inequality and Economic Growth.

11. The Effect of Trade Tariffs on Domestic Industries: The Case of US-China Trade War.

12. The Role of Foreign Direct Investment in Economic Development of Emerging Markets.

13. To What Extent Does Education Contribute to Economic Productivity?

14. The Impact of Climate Change Policies on the Energy Sector.

15. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Fiscal Policy in Combating Recessions.

16. The Role of the Informal Economy in Urban Development: A Case Study.

17. Investigating the Correlation Between Real Estate Prices and Economic Growth.

18. The Impact of Population Aging on Healthcare Expenditure .

19. Assessing the Economic Consequences of Natural Disasters: A Case Study.

20. The Effect of Technological Advancements on Employment Rates in the Manufacturing Sector.

Business Management

1. The Impact of Leadership Styles on Employee Motivation in Tech Start-ups.

2. How Does Corporate Social Responsibility Influence Brand Image?

3. The Role of Human Resource Management in Employee Retention.

4. Investigating the Impact of E-commerce on Traditional Retail Businesses.

5. How Do Changes in Interest Rates Affect Small Business Financing?

6. The Role of Innovation in the Competitive Advantage of Businesses.

7. Investigating the Effects of Workplace Diversity on Team Performance.

8. The Impact of Organisational Culture on Employee Job Satisfaction.

9. How Does Supply Chain Management Affect the Profitability of Manufacturing Firms?

10. The Role of Digital Marketing in Enhancing Customer Engagement.

11. Assessing the Impact of Brexit on the Business Strategy of UK-based Companies.

12. The Effect of Ethical Practices on Business Reputation.

13. Investigating the Role of Strategic Alliances in Enhancing Market Position.

14. The Impact of Covid-19 on Remote Work Policies: A Case Study.

15. How Does Customer Relationship Management Influence Customer Loyalty?

16. The Effect of Government Regulations on Startup Ecosystem.

17. Evaluating the Role of Corporate Governance in Financial Performance.

18. The Impact of Merger and Acquisition on Employee Morale.

19. The Effect of Green Initiatives on Business Sustainability.

20. The Role of Business Intelligence in Decision-making.

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1. Investigating the Impact of Urbanisation on Local Biodiversity: A Case Study.

2. The Role of Climate Change in the Spread of Vector-borne Diseases.

3. The Effect of River Diversions on Local Ecosystems.

4. Assessing the Impact of Deforestation on Local Climate: A Case Study.

5. The Role of Tourism in the Sustainable Development of Coastal Regions.

6. Investigating the Impact of Gentrification on Urban Neighbourhoods: A Case Study.

7. The Effect of Climate Change on the Availability of Freshwater Resources.

8. Assessing the Impact of Agricultural Practices on Soil Erosion in Rural Areas.

9. Analysing the Relationship Between Population Density and Transportation Infrastructure.

10. The Role of Renewable Energy in Reducing Carbon Emissions: A Case Study.

11. Investigating the Impact of Land Reclamation on Coastal Ecosystems.

12. The Effect of Urban Sprawl on Air Quality in Major Cities.

13. Assessing the Vulnerability of Coastal Communities to Sea Level Rise.

14. The Impact of Industrialisation on River Water Quality: A Case Study.

15. How Does Waste Management Affect the Sustainability of Urban Areas?

16. Investigating the Relationship Between Income Inequality and Spatial Segregation.

17. The Role of Urban Green Spaces in Enhancing Residents' Well-being.

18. The Impact of Natural Disasters on Economic Development in Small Island Nations.

19. Analysing the Factors Affecting the Distribution of Earthquakes and Volcanic Activity.

20. The Effect of Land Use Change on Flood Risk in Urban Areas.

Computer Science

1. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Different Machine Learning Algorithms in Predicting Stock Prices.

2. Investigating the Impact of Encryption Techniques on Data Security.

3. The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Automating Routine Tasks.

4. How Does the Implementation of Blockchain Technology Affect Supply Chain Management?

5. Assessing the Impact of Social Media Algorithms on User Behaviour.

6. The Effect of Augmented Reality on the User Experience in Mobile Applications.

7. Investigating the Feasibility of Quantum Computing in Solving Complex Problems.

8. The Role of Big Data Analytics in Enhancing Business Decision-making.

9. Analysing the Factors Affecting the Adoption of Cloud Computing by SMEs.

10. The Impact of Cybersecurity Measures on the Prevention of Data Breaches.

11. Investigating the Ethical Implications of Facial Recognition Technology.

12. The Effect of Internet of Things on Energy Efficiency in Smart Homes.

13. Assessing the Impact of Virtual Reality on Gaming Industry.

14. The Role of Natural Language Processing in Enhancing Human-Computer Interaction.

15. How Does the Development of Autonomous Vehicles Affect Traffic Management?

16. Investigating the Scalability Issues in Distributed Systems.

17. The Effect of Software Development Methodologies on Project Success Rates.

18. The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Job Market: A Case Study.

19. Analysing the Factors Affecting the Performance of Mobile Networks.

20. The Role of Bioinformatics in Personalised Medicine.

Environmental Systems and Societies

1. Investigating the Impact of E-waste on Soil and Water Quality.

2. The Effect of Climate Change on Coral Reef Ecosystems.

3. Assessing the Impact of Invasive Species on Native Biodiversity.

4. The Role of Sustainable Agriculture in Reducing Environmental Degradation.

5. Analysing the Factors Affecting the Ozone Layer Depletion.

6. The Impact of Plastic Pollution on Marine Life: A Case Study.

7. Investigating the Feasibility of Carbon Capture and Storage Technologies.

8. The Role of Urban Planning in Reducing Air Pollution in Cities.

9. The Effect of Overfishing on Marine Ecosystems: A Case Study.

10. Assessing the Impact of Renewable Energy Sources on Carbon Emissions.

11. Investigating the Relationship Between Deforestation and Climate Change.

12. The Impact of Industrial Pollution on Local Communities' Health: A Case Study.

13. The Role of Waste Management in Reducing Ocean Pollution.

14. The Effect of Pesticides on Soil Microorganism Diversity.

15. Assessing the Impact of Dams on River Ecosystems.

16. Investigating the Efficacy of Reforestation Efforts in Carbon Sequestration.

17. The Role of Environmental Education in Promoting Sustainable Consumption Behaviours.

18. The Effect of Acid Rain on Forest Ecosystems: A Case Study.

19. Analysing the Impact of Mining Activities on Local Water Quality.

20. The Role of Green Infrastructure in Enhancing Urban Sustainability.

Social and Cultural Anthropology

1. Investigating the Impact of Globalisation on Indigenous Cultures: A Case Study.

2. The Role of Language in Shaping Cultural Identity.

3. Analysing the Influence of Cultural Practices on Gender Roles.

4. The Effect of Migration on Cultural Assimilation: A Case Study.

5. The Impact of Western Media on Body Image Perceptions in Non-Western Societies.

6. Investigating the Relationship Between Religion and Social Norms in a Given Society.

7. The Role of Cultural Traditions in Shaping Food Habits.

8. The Impact of Social Media on Cultural Exchange: A Case Study.

9. Analysing the Influence of Socioeconomic Status on Educational Attainment.

10. The Effect of Colonialism on Cultural Diversity: A Case Study.

11. Investigating the Role of Folklore in Preserving Cultural Heritage.

12. The Impact of Urbanisation on Traditional Social Structures: A Case Study.

13. The Role of Music and Dance in Cultural Expression.

14. Analysing the Influence of Cultural Factors on Mental Health.

15. The Effect of Cultural Beliefs on Healthcare Practices: A Case Study.

16. Investigating the Impact of Tourism on Local Cultures.

17. The Role of Rituals and Ceremonies in Social Cohesion.

18. The Impact of Legal Systems on Gender Equality: A Comparative Study.

19. Analysing the Cultural Adaptations of Immigrants in a New Society.

20. The Role of Art and Literature in Reflecting Social Changes.

Visual Arts

1. Investigating the Influence of Social Issues on Banksy's Street Art.

2. The Impact of Japanese Art on Claude Monet’s Painting Style.

3. Analysing the Representation of Women in Renaissance Paintings.

4. The Role of Surrealism in Salvador Dali's Artistic Expression.

5. Investigating the Cultural Symbolism in Frida Kahlo’s Self-portraits.

6. The Impact of Pop Culture on Andy Warhol's Art .

7. Analysing the Use of Light and Shadow in Caravaggio's Paintings.

8. The Role of Spirituality in Wassily Kandinsky's Abstract Art.

9. The Influence of African Art on Picasso's Cubist Period.

10. The Depiction of War and Its Aftermath in Otto Dix's Works.

11. Investigating the Use of Colour in Mark Rothko’s Abstract Paintings.

12. The Role of Indigenous Culture in Emily Carr's Landscape Paintings.

13. Analysing the Evolution of Political Themes in Chinese Contemporary Art.

14. The Effect of the Harlem Renaissance on Aaron Douglas' Art.

15. Investigating the Use of Geometric Shapes in Kandinsky’s Abstract Art.

16. The Role of Dutch Culture and Society in Vermeer's Paintings.

17. The Depiction of Nature in Georgia O'Keeffe's Works.

18. Analysing the Impact of Feminism on Barbara Kruger's Art.

19. Investigating the Influence of Post-Impressionism on Vincent van Gogh’s Style.

20. The Representation of the American Dream in Edward Hopper's Paintings.

World Studies

1. Investigating the Global Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Mental Health.

2. The Effect of Climate Change on Food Security in Sub-Saharan Africa.

3. Analysing the Influence of Globalisation on Indigenous Cultures.

4. The Role of International Law in Resolving Border Disputes: A Case Study.

5. Investigating the Impact of Global Trade Policies on Developing Economies.

6. The Effect of Globalisation on Income Inequality: A Comparative Study.

7. Analysing the Influence of Western Media on Global Perceptions of Beauty.

8. The Role of International Organizations in Addressing the Refugee Crisis.

9. Investigating the Global Response to the Rise of Cybercrime.

10. The Impact of Climate Change on Natural Disaster Frequency and Severity Worldwide.

11. Analysing the Influence of Globalisation on Language Diversity.

12. The Role of Technology in Bridging the Education Gap in Developing Countries.

13. Investigating the Global Impact of Antibiotic Resistance.

14. The Effect of International Trade on Cultural Exchange: A Case Study.

15. Analysing the Impact of Global Warming on Polar Ecosystems.

16. The Role of the United Nations in Promoting Global Gender Equality.

17. Investigating the Impact of Social Media on Political Activism Worldwide.

18. The Effect of Globalisation on the Sustainability of Traditional Crafts.

19. Analysing the Global Strategies for Wildlife Conservation.

20. The Role of International Cooperation in Space Exploration.

How to Write a Great IB Extended Essay

Crafting an exceptional IB Extended Essay requires a combination of strategic planning, critical thinking, and effective writing. In this guide, we will provide you with valuable insights and practical advice to help you excel in your writing journey and produce an outstanding essay.

1. Develop a Clear and Coherent Structure : Creating a well-organised structure is crucial to convey your ideas effectively. Start by outlining the main sections and subtopics of your essay. Ensure a logical flow of information, with each paragraph building upon the previous one. This will guide the reader through your arguments and analysis smoothly.

2. Conduct Thorough and Methodical Research : Thorough research forms the foundation of a strong Extended Essay. Dive into reputable sources, including academic journals, books, and credible websites. Gather evidence, data, and expert opinions to support your arguments. Take meticulous notes and properly cite your sources to maintain academic integrity.

3. Apply Critical Thinking and Evaluation : Engage in critical analysis by examining and evaluating the evidence you've gathered. Assess the strengths and weaknesses of different viewpoints, theories, or methodologies. Develop your own informed perspective and present a well-reasoned argument supported by reliable evidence.

4. Craft Engaging and Coherent Paragraphs : Each paragraph should focus on a specific idea or argument, clearly stated in a topic sentence. Support your claims with evidence, examples, and relevant data. Use smooth transitions between paragraphs to ensure a cohesive and coherent essay.

5. Revise, Edit, and Proofread : Give yourself ample time for revising, editing, and proofreading your essay. Review your work for clarity, coherence, and consistency. Check for grammar, punctuation, and spelling errors. Consider seeking feedback from teachers, peers, or mentors to gain valuable insights and improve your essay further.

We asked one IB teacher what they had to say about writing a great essay:

"The key is to choose a topic that truly ignites your curiosity, one that you are passionate about exploring. Don't be afraid to think outside the box and delve into uncharted territories. Remember, this is your chance to showcase your unique perspective and make a meaningful contribution to your chosen field. Embrace the research process, be diligent in gathering reliable sources, and let your creativity shine through in your writing. And most importantly, enjoy the journey of discovery and growth that the Extended Essay offers."

Remember, the IB Extended Essay is an opportunity to demonstrate your intellectual curiosity, research skills, and ability to present a coherent argument. Choose a topic that genuinely interests you, stay organised throughout the process, and invest time in thoughtful analysis and writing. To maximise your chances of success, you may also want to purchase an Extended Essay textbook or get the help of an IB Extended Essay tutor .

IB Extended Essay Grade Distribution in 2022

Finding Reliable Sources for Your Extended Essay

When writing your IB Extended Essay, it is essential to rely on credible and trustworthy sources. Follow these strategies to find reliable information:

1. Use Academic Databases: Access reputable databases like JSTOR and PubMed to find scholarly articles and research papers relevant to your subject.

2. Consult Library Resources: Take advantage of books, encyclopaedias, and reference materials available in your school or local library.

3. Explore Digital Libraries: Visit digital libraries such as the Digital Public Library of America and Europeana for access to a wide range of digitised resources.

4. Evaluate Websites Carefully: Verify the credibility of the author or organisation, check for peer-reviewed articles or references, and consider the domain (.edu, .gov, or .org) for reliable information.

5. Utilise Scholarly Search Engines: Utilise specialised search engines like Google Scholar and Microsoft Academic to find academic publications.

6. Consult Subject-Specific Journals: Look for reputable journals in your field and review their latest issues for current research.

7. Seek Guidance from Librarians and Experts: Librarians and subject experts can offer valuable assistance in finding reliable sources and publications.

By following these strategies and critically evaluating the sources you find, you can ensure the credibility and integrity of your Extended Essay research. Reliable sources will strengthen your arguments and provide a solid foundation for your essay.

Strategies for Conducting Primary and Secondary Research

To conduct comprehensive primary and secondary research for your essay, consider the following strategies:

Primary Research

Surveys and Questionnaires: Create well-designed surveys or questionnaires to collect data directly from participants. Utilise online survey tools like Google Forms or SurveyMonkey for wider reach and convenient data analysis.

Interviews: Conduct interviews with subject experts, professionals, or individuals relevant to your research topic. Prepare insightful questions and record their responses for later analysis.

Experiments and Observations: Design and conduct controlled experiments or observations to gather firsthand data. Document procedures, measurements, and observations accurately.

Secondary Research

Literature Review: Conduct a thorough review of existing scholarly articles, books, and reports. Analyse and synthesise the information to identify research gaps and contribute to the existing knowledge.

Online Databases: Utilise reputable academic databases such as PubMed, JSTOR, and IEEE Xplore to access peer-reviewed articles and research papers specific to your subject area.

Government and Institutional Sources: Explore official government websites, research repositories of educational institutions, and databases of international organisations for reliable data, reports, and statistics.

Subject-Specific Sources: Identify subject-specific journals, publications, and conferences related to your research topic. These sources provide up-to-date research and insights from experts in the field.

Remember to consider ethical considerations throughout your research process, including obtaining necessary permissions, maintaining confidentiality, and respecting the rights and privacy of participants. Documentation of your research methods, sources, and any challenges faced is crucial. Analyse and interpret your findings critically, using them as evidence to support your arguments and contribute to your overall analysis.

Formatting and Structure Guidelines for the IB Extended Essay

To ensure a well-organised and coherent IB Extended Essay, consider the following structure as a guideline:

1. Title Page : Include essential information such as the title, subject, research question, and candidate number. Refer to the official IB Extended Essay Guide for specific requirements.

2. Abstract: Provide a concise summary of your essay, outlining the main research question, methodology, key findings, and conclusions. Limit the abstract to 300 words.

3. Table of Contents : Create a clear and accurate table of contents that outlines the structure of your essay, including sections, subheadings, and page numbers.

4. Introduction : Start with an engaging introduction that presents the research question, provides background information, and explains the significance of the topic. Clearly state the aim and objectives of your research.

5. Body : The body of your essay should delve into your research in-depth. Organize your content into coherent paragraphs, each addressing a specific aspect of your research. Consider the following elements:

a. Literature Review: Provide an overview of the relevant literature and theories related to your research topic. Analyse existing research, highlight key concepts, and discuss any debates or gaps in knowledge.

b. Methodology: Describe the research methodology employed, including the research design, data collection methods, and ethical considerations. Explain why the chosen methods are appropriate for addressing your research question.

c. Data Analysis and Findings: Present your findings based on the data collected. Use appropriate analysis techniques, such as statistical analysis or qualitative coding, to interpret your data and draw meaningful conclusions. Include tables, charts, or graphs to support your findings.

d. Discussion: Analyse and interpret your findings in the context of your research question. Explore the implications of your results, compare them with existing research, and discuss any limitations or challenges encountered during the research process.

6. Conclusion : Summarise your key findings, address your research question, and draw meaningful conclusions based on your analysis. Reflect on the implications and broader significance of your research. Highlight any recommendations for future research or areas for further exploration.

7. References : Include a comprehensive list of all sources consulted in your research. Follow the appropriate citation style (e.g., MLA, APA, or Chicago) for in-text citations and the bibliography. Accurately cite all sources, including books, articles, websites, and any other references used.

8. Appendices (if applicable): Include any supplementary materials, such as raw data, charts, graphs, or additional supporting evidence that are relevant to your research.

Typically, the Extended Essay has a word limit of around 4,000 words. It is important to note that this word count does not include footnotes, citations, and the bibliography. Additionally, the essay should be formatted using a standard font (e.g., Times New Roman or Arial) and a font size of 12 points. It is recommended to have double-spacing throughout the essay and to include page numbers.

The IB Extended Essay Assessment Criteria and Grading

The IB Extended Essay is assessed by examiners appointed by the IB on a scale of 0 to 34. Your essay will be evaluated based on five criteria, each carrying a specific point value. It is crucial to comprehend these criteria and how they relate to letter grades to gauge your performance accurately. Here's an overview of the assessment criteria:

Criterion A: Focus and Method (6 points maximum) Demonstrate a clear research question and a well-defined approach. Show how you applied appropriate research methods to investigate your topic.

Criterion B: Knowledge and Understanding (6 points maximum) Display a strong understanding of the subject matter, relevant concepts, and theories. Support your arguments with accurate and relevant evidence.

Criterion C: Critical Thinking (12 points maximum) Apply critical thinking skills to analyse and evaluate information, theories, and arguments. Demonstrate the ability to consider alternative viewpoints and draw well-reasoned conclusions.

Criterion D: Presentation (4 points maximum) Organize your essay effectively with a clear and logical structure. Use proper formatting, referencing, and citation methods consistently.

Criterion E: Engagement (6 points maximum) Engage in a reflective process throughout your research and writing. Show awareness of the strengths, limitations, and implications of your research.

To determine your letter grade, it is important to understand how the rubric assessment points correlate to the overall score. Here is a rough estimation of how the point values align with letter grades:

30-34: Excellent - A
25-29: Good - B
17-24: Satisfactory - C
9-16: Mediocre - D
0-8: Elementary - E

However, relying solely on these point values is not sufficient. It is crucial to thoroughly read and comprehend the specific grade descriptors provided by the IB. These descriptors offer comprehensive information about the expectations and criteria that examiners consider when assigning letter grades.

The grade you receive on your IB Extended Essay contributes to your overall International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme points score. The Extended Essay and Theory of Knowledge combined are worth up to 3 points of the total 45 points available for the IBDP .

IB Extended Essay and TOK points matrix

Final Thoughts

The IB Extended Essay is a challenging yet rewarding endeavour that allows high school students to showcase their research and analytical skills. With proper guidance and adherence to the assessment criteria, students have the opportunity to excel and achieve outstanding results. Embrace this opportunity to delve into a topic of interest, conduct in-depth research, and present your findings in a well-structured and engaging manner. Remember to consult reputable sources, seek guidance from your supervisor, and enjoy the journey of exploration and academic growth through the IB Extended Essay.

Is the IB Extended Essay hard?

The IB Extended Essay is undoubtedly a challenging undertaking, requiring significant effort and dedication, and is one of the hardest IB subjects . It is estimated that between 70% and 80% of IB students successfully complete the Extended Essay each year. Less than 14% of students received an A in the extended essay in 2022, showing its difficult.

Can you change your research question after starting the Extended Essay?

Yes, it is possible to change your research question after starting the Extended Essay. However, it is important to consult with your supervisor and ensure that the new research question still meets the requirements and aligns with the subject area you are pursuing.

When is the deadline to submit the Extended Essay?

The deadline to submit the Extended Essay can vary depending on the policies and timelines set by individual schools. In most cases, schools establish internal deadlines to ensure students have ample time to complete and revise their essays before the final submission. The typical deadline for submitting the Extended Essay is often set in the first half of the senior year, ranging from November to January. It is essential to check with your school's IB coordinator or Extended Essay coordinator for the specific deadline applicable to your academic institution.

Can you fail the Extended Essay?

Yes, it is possible to fail the Extended Essay if the work does not meet the required standards or does not fulfil the assessment criteria set by the IB. It is important to carefully follow the guidelines, seek guidance from your supervisor, and ensure your essay demonstrates strong research, analysis, and critical thinking skills. In 2022, 1.1% of students did not received no grade for their Extended Essays.

Can you fail the Extended Essay and still pass the IB?

Yes, it is possible to fail the Extended Essay and still pass the overall IB Diploma Programme. The Extended Essay contributes to a maximum of 3 points out of the total 45 points available for the diploma. Failing the Extended Essay means not earning any points from this component, but it does not necessarily mean failing the entire IB Diploma.

Can you collaborate with other students on the Extended Essay?

The IB allows limited collaboration with other students on the Extended Essay. While you can seek advice and support from others, it is important to maintain individual responsibility for your research, writing, and analysis. Collaboration should not compromise the integrity of your work, and any collaborative effort should be properly acknowledged and cited in your essay.

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200 Extended Essay Topics, the Essay’s Layout, and Additional Info

Updated 23 Jul 2024

The International Baccalaureate (IB) is an educational foundation with worldwide outreach founded in 1968 and which offers education programs to students or pupils 3 to 19 years old. In 2017, more than 4,650 schools worldwide taught International Baccalaureate programs – this corresponds to roughly 1.4 million IB students in 152 countries. Out of all schools, 1700 are located in the US alone.

An important International Baccalaureate Program (one of the four tracks available) is the Diploma Program aimed at students between 16 and 19 years old – in 2016, roughly 150,000 students worldwide took an IB Diploma Program exam. One of the mandatory IB Diploma requirements is to write an extended essay, which contributes significantly to the total score. Below, we provide some guiding information and a selection of extended essay topics to help you learn how to write an extended essay .

Definition and Purpose

The IB extended essay is part of the core requirements/curriculum of an IB Diploma Program and involves focused independent research by the IB student on a chosen theme. Resulting papers have a typical length of up to 4000 words long (they should tend to reach this, although writing 3500 words can still be acceptable). A low score (E) for the extended paper and/or Theory of Knowledge essay revokes the right to receive an IB Diploma. By contrast, good marks contribute to the overall score, which could impact a student’s college application success.

While submission deadlines for extended essays are set by the IB, schools are free to set their own internal deadlines. Preparation and work on this assignment spans several academic terms – this includes choosing extended essay topics, submitting proposals, designating supervisors, information gathering (e.g. sources from local libraries), writing a draft (for instance, over a summer break), receiving feedback from supervisors, etc.

IB Extended Essay Layout

There are six required elements in an extended essay layout:

Title page – should include the title, research question (e.g. “How did phenomenon A cause phenomenon B?”), subject it is registered in, category (for language essays), essay theme and subjects used (for world studies), total word count.
Contents page – should be at the beginning listing headings and subheadings along with corresponding page numbers these can be found on (all pages should be numbered).
Introduction – should describe the focus and scope of this research, used sources, line of argument to be presented.
Essay body – this is the main section where research, analysis, discussion, and evaluation is being performed. The structure might vary from subject to subject but it is essential that evidence and argument development is presented clearly and in appropriate order.
Conclusion – conclusions state what has been accomplished through this research, but also potential limitations, unsolved issues, open questions.
References and bibliography – students should adhere to a chosen academic citation style and use it consistently (different citations styles might be required depending on the discipline).

A methodology section or other sections might also be appropriate. Also, there might be an Appendices section if you have supplementary material to add (this is not included in the total word count). Also note that starting with 2018, no abstract is needed – adding it will unnecessarily steal roughly 300 words from the total word count, which will almost certainly prove detrimental (so it’s wise to skip it).

How to Choose a Good Topic

IB students must take six subjects, one from each subject group (there are 6 in total) with the exception that no subject from the sixth group (Arts) is mandatory and can be substituted with a subject from any of the other five groups. IB extended essay topics are normally chosen so that they are related to subjects picked by the student but they must fall into a course belonging to any of the following six subject groups (categories):

Group 1: Studies in language and literature – this includes subjects like student's native language, Language and Literature, Literature and Performance (interdisciplinary).
Group 2: Language acquisition – this includes an additional language (either deepening existing knowledge or starting one from zero).
Group 3: Individuals and societies – includes humanities and social science courses such as Economics, Geography, History, Business Management, Information Technology in a Global Society (ITGS), Psychology, Philosophy, Social and Cultural Anthropology and Global Politics, Environmental Systems and Societies, World Religions (interdisciplinary).
Group 4: Experimental sciences - Biology, Physics, Chemistry, Design Technology, Computer Science, Sport, Exercise and Health Science, Environmental Systems (interdisciplinary), Societies and Nature of Science (interdisciplinary).
Group 5: Mathematics. Mathematical Studies, Mathematics, Further Mathematics.
Group 6: Arts – Dance, Music, Theatre, Foreign Languages, Visual Arts, and Film.

It is highly recommended you choose a topic that interests and motivates you – after all, you’ll be working on and perfecting your extended paper over several months. Some challenge (e.g. unfamiliar fields) is also fine but risks should be reasonable. Choose issues that are narrow enough to be explored and covered comprehensively in 4000 words – attempting to do this with a very broad theme, would look very unprofessional.

In order to pick an interesting topic, it might be very useful to have brainstorm sessions on your own (this will help you focus on your interests) but also to browse the web or other resources for lists of potential themes (especially if you feel confused or stuck) – it could very well happen that one such topic would inspire you to choose a related one, which would be even better adjusted to your interests and goals.

Choosing a topic is not the only challenge encountered while writing an extended essay – writing up in a clear, organized manner and using correct language is also a must. Even if you proofread your extended paper several times, there might still be errors you can skip (occasional comas, wrong spellings, etc.).

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200 IB Extended Essay Topic Ideas

Below is a list of IB extended essay topic ideas sorted by subject that might help you identify a favorite.

Biology extended essay topics

The effects of urban pollution on local flora species diversity.
Analyzing the impact of climate change on coral reef ecosystems.
Investigating the role of genetics in resistance to antibiotics.
The influence of soil pH on plant growth and nutrient uptake.
A comparative study of carnivorous plants: Mechanisms and efficiency of prey capture.
The impact of invasive species on native biodiversity in a specific region.
Examining the symbiotic relationship between fungi and plant roots in nutrient-poor soils.
The role of epigenetics in the development of certain human diseases.
Investigating the effects of microplastics on marine life fertility rates.
The efficiency of different natural pesticides on crop pests.
Analyzing the genetic diversity of a local endangered species to aid conservation efforts.
The impact of deforestation on the genetic variation of isolated populations.
Studying the behavioral patterns of a specific animal species in response to habitat fragmentation.
The role of gut microbiota in human health and disease.
Investigating the biochemical processes involved in the bioremediation of oil spills.
The effects of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.
Analyzing the impact of GMO crops on surrounding natural plant populations.
The role of plant hormones in root development and growth.
Investigating the mechanisms of aging at the cellular level.
The impact of ocean acidification on shellfish calcification processes.

Read also: 170 Interesting Biology Research Paper Topics

Psychology extended essay topics

The effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in treating depression.
Investigating the psychological impact of social media on teenagers' self-esteem.
The role of personality traits in workplace success.
Analyzing the effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance.
The impact of parental styles on children's emotional development.
Investigating the psychological effects of bullying on adolescents.
The influence of cultural background on perception and decision-making.
Analyzing the role of psychological resilience in coping with chronic illness.
The effectiveness of art therapy in reducing anxiety in adults.
Investigating the relationship between exercise and mental health.
The impact of childhood trauma on adult psychological disorders.
Analyzing the psychological factors influencing consumer behavior.
The role of implicit bias in social interactions and judgments.
Investigating the effects of virtual reality on phobia treatment.
The impact of peer pressure on adolescent risk-taking behaviors.
Analyzing the psychological aspects of addiction and recovery.
The role of emotional intelligence in personal and professional relationships.
Investigating the effects of music therapy on stress reduction.
The impact of social isolation on elderly mental health.
Analyzing the role of genetics and environment in the development of personality.

English extended essay topics

The portrayal of women in Victorian literature.
Analyzing the use of symbolism in "To Kill a Mockingbird" by Harper Lee.
The impact of colonialism on literature: A case study of post-colonial African literature.
Investigating the theme of identity in "The Catcher in the Rye" by J.D. Salinger.
The evolution of the tragic hero in Shakespeare's plays.
Analyzing the representation of dystopian societies in modern young adult literature.
The role of nature in Romantic poetry.
Investigating the use of unreliable narrators in modern American literature.
The impact of the First World War on British poetry.
Exploring the theme of racial discrimination in "The Bluest Eye" by Toni Morrison.
The influence of Greek mythology on modern literature.
Analyzing the portrayal of mental illness in "The Bell Jar" by Sylvia Plath.
The use of stream of consciousness technique in Virginia Woolf's novels.
Investigating the theme of existentialism in "The Stranger" by Albert Camus.
The depiction of the American Dream in "The Great Gatsby" by F. Scott Fitzgerald.
Exploring the concept of feminism in "Jane Eyre" by Charlotte Brontë.
The role of the supernatural in Gothic literature.
Analyzing the theme of redemption in "A Christmas Carol" by Charles Dickens.
The portrayal of childhood in "Lord of the Flies" by William Golding.
Investigating the use of satire in "Animal Farm" by George Orwell.

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Literature extended essay topics

The exploration of the American Dream in John Steinbeck's "The Grapes of Wrath."
The use of magical realism in Gabriel García Márquez's "One Hundred Years of Solitude."
The depiction of female empowerment in Charlotte Perkins Gilman's "The Yellow Wallpaper."
The theme of isolation in Mary Shelley's "Frankenstein."
The impact of societal expectations on individual identity in Jane Austen's "Pride and Prejudice."
The exploration of existentialism in Albert Camus's "The Plague."
The portrayal of war and its aftermath in Erich Maria Remarque's "All Quiet on the Western Front."
The concept of love and sacrifice in Emily Brontë's "Wuthering Heights."
The critique of totalitarianism in George Orwell's "1984."
The exploration of racial inequality in Toni Morrison's "Beloved."
The representation of childhood and coming of age in J.D. Salinger's "The Catcher in the Rye."
The use of the journey motif in Homer's "The Odyssey."
The depiction of mental illness in Sylvia Plath's "The Bell Jar."
The role of nature in the poetry of William Wordsworth.
The exploration of gender roles in Virginia Woolf's "Orlando."
The impact of colonialism on identity in Chinua Achebe's "Things Fall Apart."
The portrayal of the artist in James Joyce's "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man."
The theme of revenge in William Shakespeare's "Hamlet."
The exploration of social class and morality in Charles Dickens's "Great Expectations."
The depiction of dystopian society in Margaret Atwood's "The Handmaid's Tale."

Geography extended essay topics

The effects of climate change on coral reef ecosystems in the Caribbean.
Urban sprawl and its impact on the environment in a specific metropolitan area.
The role of sustainable agriculture in promoting food security in Sub-Saharan Africa.
The impact of tourism on natural resources in a national park.
The relationship between population density and air quality in major cities.
The effects of deforestation on biodiversity in the Amazon rainforest.
The impact of renewable energy projects on rural communities.
Water scarcity and its effects on agriculture in the Middle East.
The role of green spaces in urban environments on mental health.
The impact of sea-level rise on coastal communities.
The geographical factors influencing the spread of diseases.
The effects of industrial pollution on river ecosystems.
The role of geographical information systems (GIS) in disaster management.
The impact of glacier retreat on water resources in the Himalayas.
The relationship between soil erosion and agricultural practices.
The effects of urbanization on wildlife habitats.
The impact of mining activities on local communities and the environment.
The role of ecotourism in conservation efforts.
The geographical patterns of renewable energy adoption.
The impact of landfills on groundwater quality.

History extended essay topics

The impact of the Treaty of Versailles on the Weimar Republic.
The role of women in the French Resistance during World War II.
The influence of the Silk Road on the cultural exchange between East and West.
The causes and consequences of the Cuban Missile Crisis.
The impact of the Industrial Revolution on urbanization.
The role of propaganda in Nazi Germany.
The effects of the Great Depression on American society.
The influence of Mahatma Gandhi on the Indian independence movement.
The causes and effects of the fall of the Roman Empire.
The impact of the Civil Rights Movement on racial equality in the United States.
The role of the Catholic Church in medieval Europe.
The consequences of the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire.
The impact of the Cold War on space exploration.
The effects of colonialism on Africa.
The role of the samurai in feudal Japan.
The causes and outcomes of the Korean War.
The impact of the discovery of the New World on European societies.
The influence of the Renaissance on art and science.
The consequences of the Chernobyl disaster on Soviet society.
The role of espionage during the Cold War.

Physics extended essay topics

The principles and applications of quantum entanglement.
The impact of black holes on theories of space and time.
The role of dark matter in the universe.
The physics of climate change: Analyzing the greenhouse effect.
The principles of superconductivity and its potential applications.
The effects of solar flares on Earth's magnetic field.
The physics behind renewable energy sources.
The principles of aerodynamics in sports.
The impact of technological advancements on space exploration.
The role of physics in understanding ocean currents and their effects on climate.
The principles of sound waves and their applications in medical imaging.
The physics of electric vehicles and their impact on the environment.
The role of particle accelerators in modern physics research.
The principles of nuclear fusion and its potential as an energy source.
The physics of earthquakes and seismic waves.
The application of thermodynamics in everyday life.
The role of optics in modern communication technologies.
The principles of electromagnetism in electrical engineering.
The physics of sports equipment design.
The impact of nanotechnology on future technological developments.

Film extended essay topics

The evolution of special effects in cinema and their impact on storytelling.
The representation of historical events in films: Accuracy vs. artistic license.
The influence of film noir on modern cinematography and narrative styles.
The role of music in shaping the emotional landscape of films.
The portrayal of gender roles in Hollywood movies from the 1950s to today.
The impact of independent films on the global film industry.
The cultural significance of foreign films in promoting global awareness.
The evolution of the superhero genre in cinema.
The depiction of artificial intelligence in science fiction films.
The influence of directors' personal styles on the development of film genres.
The role of propaganda films in shaping public opinion during wartime.
The impact of censorship on film content and its reception by audiences.
The representation of mental illness in films and its impact on societal perceptions.
The evolution of animation techniques and their impact on storytelling.
The portrayal of race and ethnicity in contemporary cinema.
The influence of streaming platforms on film production and distribution.
The role of documentaries in raising awareness about social and environmental issues.
The impact of the French New Wave on contemporary filmmaking techniques.
The depiction of futuristic societies in dystopian films.
The role of film festivals in promoting independent and international cinema.

Economics extended essay topics

The impact of globalization on small businesses in developing countries.
The effectiveness of monetary policy in controlling inflation.
The role of technology in shaping consumer behavior and market trends.
The impact of Brexit on the UK's economic relationship with the EU.
The effects of minimum wage laws on employment rates.
The role of microfinance in promoting entrepreneurship in developing countries.
The impact of trade tariffs on international relations and global markets.
The effects of the gig economy on traditional employment models.
The role of sustainable development in economic planning.
The impact of cryptocurrency on traditional banking and financial markets.
The economics of climate change: Costs and benefits of environmental policies.
The role of foreign direct investment in economic development.
The impact of income inequality on economic growth.
The effects of agricultural subsidies on global trade.
The role of consumer confidence in economic recovery post-recession.
The impact of internet advertising on consumer spending habits.
The economics of renewable energy and its impact on fossil fuel industries.
The role of government regulation in preventing financial crises.
The impact of demographic changes on economic growth strategies.
The effects of corporate social responsibility on brand loyalty and profitability.

World religion studies extended essays topics

The role of religious rituals in strengthening community bonds.
The impact of secularism on religious practices and institutions.
The influence of Buddhism on modern mindfulness and meditation practices.
The role of women in leadership positions within different religious traditions.
The impact of globalization on the spread and adaptation of religions.
The ethical implications of religious beliefs on medical decisions.
The role of religion in conflict and peacebuilding efforts.
The influence of religious education on moral development.
The impact of religious tourism on holy sites and local communities.
The role of religion in shaping cultural identity.
The evolution of Hinduism in the context of contemporary India.
The influence of religion on art and architecture throughout history.
The role of religious texts in shaping ethical and moral codes.
The impact of interfaith dialogue on religious tolerance.
The role of animism and indigenous religions in environmental conservation.
The influence of the Reformation on the development of modern Christianity.
The role of religious leaders in social and political movements.
The impact of religious dietary laws on food culture and industry.
The role of pilgrimage in different religious traditions.
The influence of mysticism and esoteric practices within major world religions.

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While provided topics might be helpful in inspiring a research subject, don’t forget that you can always use our essay topic generator to explore even more topics from multiple categories. Also, you can choose to delegate the entire task to our writing experts – you can pick them yourself by reviewing their previous performance on our platform).

Choosing a compelling extended essay topic can be challenging, so if you're struggling, you might consider the option to pay for essay services to get expert assistance in developing a strong and engaging topic. Our writers could come up with a topic or pick your favorite one, do all related research, and provide you with a final proofread paper. Our policies guarantee as many free revisions as necessary until you are satisfied with your paper (only after this, money is released to your writer). So if you need help with any writing task, don’t hesitate to contact our services.

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Splendid Ideas for Extended Essay Topics

As opposed to ordinary essays, extended essays require more factual backup. Therefore, writing a solid extended essay requires considerably more dedication and research, as well as more critical thinking and experimentation. When writing an extended essay, it is crucial to keep in mind all the existing relevant theories and keep all the facts you refer to substantiated.

Here are some examples of possible topics in various fields of study for a splendid extended essay for you to choose from:

How photosynthesis can take place without sunlight
How does a plant grow differently when it has to share its habitat with others
How to store cow milk safely
How does change of habitat affect an organism
How are land plants different from aquatic ones
Is remote pollination possible
How various drugs affect human brain
How plants can heal disease
Can flowers be manufactured
How climate affects the reproduction process of plants
Trade policies in different countries
What does the industrial policy mean
The overall influence of fiscal policy on the economy
Expansionary fiscal policy and when it can be used
Taxes and Spending: The tools to make it more effective
How big is the government sector in economy and is it justified
Why does personal income tax go to the federal budget
How do transfer payments work
How does the business cycle cause instability in the labor market
Why does recessionary gap occur
Racial Conflict and racism throughout the 20th century
Spirituality Attitudes of People
Ethnic and sexual identity in the 1990s
How ideas of social Darwinism got translated into politics
The significance of the literary function of a language
How does media portrayal influence everyday life
Female empowerment in Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings
Why is it important to learn English literature
John Green’s The Fault in Our Stars
Sarah Dessen’s Just Listen
Lisa Kleypas’s Devil In Winter
The Importance of Dance in Emma by Jane Austen
Possible parallels between Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein monster and Gregor Samsa from Franz Kafka’s Metamorphosis
Noblemen and noble traits. Illustrated by three exemplary characters
Religion and religious imagery in Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights
Racism as illustrated by James Baldwin
Exploring Jane Austen
Inanimate objects in Sylvia Plath’s Bell Jar
How did the continents come to their present-day location
What factors influence the location of industries
The impact of economic development on the environment
Levels of cultural interaction between the neighboring nations
How geography affects the relationships between people
Does gendered economy have any connection to geography
How are nations with access to the sea different from the ones without
Oceanography and its significance for preserving the quality of water
How the knowledge of the terrestrial crust has evolved in the past 100 years
Why is it important to explore the seabed

Why did the USSR fall apart
The bias in the Salem witch trials
The Treaty of Versailles and its significance
Cuban missile crisis and its consequences
The pact between Stalin and Hitler and its realization
Why was Pearl Harbor a game-changing checkpoint in the 2nd World War
The evolution of perception of opium as a rural culture
Political motives in Shakespeare's drama
The reasons for the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
How the Roman Empire conquered Britain
Spirograph and curves
Using color polynomials to distinguish knots
Voting polynomials and fairness of constitution
Methodology employed by statistics
Why planets move the way they do
Egyptian forces in arithmetic
Symmetries of plane tessellations
General relativity and cosmology
Egyptian fractions and their significance for arithmetic
General functions of the theory of partitions
Understanding the terminology of physics
The basics of dynamics: forces and motion
How energy can be conserved
The phenomenon of heat
The nature of electricity and electrical energy
The nature of magnetism and magnetic force
Particles and their interactions
The nature and behavior of light
Main stages in the development of the physical thought
The scientific methods employed by modern physics
How parental negligence leads to child obesity
Why are we so obsessed with fast food
How narcissist mother influences her child
How is television connected to obesity
Preterm delivery and adjacent stress
Types of suicidal behaviors and how they develop
How not to allow an abortion damage the mental health
Violence and other abuse among teenage couples
Difference between male and female schizophrenia
Psychological reasons causing depression
Intelligent machines essay
How global food crisis affects our everyday lives
How to tell that an issue is of global significance
How local factors influence the developing expressions
How to make globally appreciated contributions
How global climate changes affect our view of the world
Global terrorism: Its causes and consequences
Why energy security is necessary
Health safety precautions every traveler should know
The importance of ongoing cultural exchange
Immigration and emigration: Causes and consequences

There are your ultimate topics for extended essays in English, History, Mathematics, and other subjects. The final word of advice while choosing an extended essay topic on any of those subjects would be to pick something that you feel passionate about. And, of course, you have to make sure that the scope of your topic meets the number of pages you have to write. Say, for example, you are a high school student, and you are supposed to write a 3-page essay. Obviously, you will not be able to dig into many details; so choose accordingly.

If you are feeling uncertain that you can write an excellent grade extended essay yourself, you are welcome to employ our assistance in this issue. We cooperate only with top experts with a Ph.D. degree or higher in the topic that they are to write about, and being an English native speaker is another key requirement, so our writers writing skills are also unsurpassed. So, if there is any reason why you cannot have your extended essay written on time yourself, all you need to do is place your order on our website, and leave the rest to us! If you are curious how to write a definition essay feel free to explore our blog.

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How To Write The Extended Essay (With Topics and Examples)

This comprehensive guide navigates through every aspect of the EE, from selecting a topic and developing a research question to conducting in-depth research and writing a compelling essay. It offers practical strategies, insights, and tips to help students craft a piece of work that not only meets the rigorous standards of the IB but also reflects their academic passion and curiosity. Join us as we explore the keys to success in the Extended Essay, preparing you for an intellectually rewarding experience.

Posted: 13th February 2024

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Section 1: Understanding the IB Extended Essay

Section 2: the importance of the extended essay, section 3: selecting a topic, section 4: developing your research question, section 5: research methodology and theoretical frameworks, section 6: evaluating sources and data, section 7: integrating evidence and analysis, section 8: writing and structuring the extended essay, section 9: reflection and the rppf, section 10: the significance of academic discipline in the ee, section 11: good practice in extended essay writing, section 12: managing the extended essay process, section 13: collaboration and feedback, section 14: avoiding plagiarism, section 15: emphasising original thought, section 16: final presentation and viva voce, section 17: beyond the extended essay, what is the ib extended essay.

The International Baccalaureate (IB) Extended Essay (EE) is a cornerstone of the IB Diploma Programme . It’s an independent, self-directed piece of research, culminating in a 4,000-word paper. This project offers students an opportunity to investigate a topic of their own choice, bridging the gap between classwork and the kind of research required at the university level.

Key Objectives and the Role of the EE in the IB Curriculum

The Extended Essay has several key objectives:

To provide students with the chance to engage in an in-depth study of a question of interest within a chosen subject.
To develop research, thinking, self-management, and communication skills.
To introduce students to the excitement and challenges of academic research.

The EE plays a critical role in the IB curriculum by:

Encouraging intellectual discovery and creativity.
Facilitating academic growth and personal development through research and writing.
Preparing students for the rigours of higher education.

Extended Essay Word Count and Requirements

The EE has a maximum word count of 4,000 words. This does not include the abstract, contents page, bibliography, or footnotes (which must be used sparingly). Here are some essential requirements:

Research Question: Your essay must be focused on a clear, concise research question. You should aim to provide a comprehensive answer to this question through your research and writing.
Subject : The EE can be written in one of the student’s six chosen subjects for the IB diploma or in a subject recognized by the IB.
Supervision : Each student is assigned a supervisor (usually a teacher in their school) who provides guidance and support throughout the research and writing process.
Assessment: The essay is externally assessed by the IB, contributing up to three points towards the total score for the IB diploma, depending on the grade achieved and the performance in the Theory of Knowledge course.

The Extended Essay is not just an academic requirement but a unique opportunity to explore a topic of personal interest in depth. This can be an incredibly rewarding experience, providing valuable skills and insights that will serve you well in your future academic and professional endeavours.

The EE is more than just a requirement for the IB Diploma. It’s an essential part of the IB experience , offering profound benefits for students. Let’s explore why the EE holds such significance.

Academic and Personal Development Benefits

Skill enhancement:.

The EE fosters a range of academic skills crucial for success in higher education and beyond. It teaches students how to:

Conduct comprehensive research
Develop a coherent argument
Write extensively on a subject
Manage time effectively

Personal Growth:

Beyond academic prowess, the EE encourages personal development. Students learn to:

Pursue their interests deeply
Overcome challenges independently
Reflect on their learning process
Enhance their curiosity and creativity

Contribution to University Admissions

Standout applications:.

The EE can be a significant advantage in university applications . It demonstrates a student’s ability to undertake serious research projects and commit to an intensive academic task. Universities value this dedication, seeing it as indicative of a student’s readiness for undergraduate studies.

Showcase of Skills:

The EE allows students to showcase their research, writing, and analytical skills. It provides concrete evidence of their academic abilities and their capacity to engage deeply with a topic of interest.

Skill Development: Research, Writing, and Critical Thinking

Research Skills:

Students learn to navigate academic literature, evaluate sources, and gather relevant data. This process sharpens their research skills, laying a solid foundation for future academic endeavours.

Writing Skills:

Crafting a 4,000-word essay challenges students to express their ideas clearly and persuasively. It hones their writing skills, teaching them the art of structured and focused academic writing.

Critical Thinking:

The EE encourages students to analyse information critically, assess arguments, and develop their viewpoints. This critical engagement fosters a sophisticated level of thought, beneficial in both academic and real-world contexts.

In conclusion, the Extended Essay is a pivotal element of the IB Diploma Programme. It’s an invaluable opportunity for intellectual and personal growth, preparing students for the challenges of higher education and beyond. With its emphasis on independent research and writing, the EE equips students with the skills and confidence to navigate their future academic journeys successfully.

Choosing a topic for your Extended Essay is the first step in a journey towards developing a deep understanding of a specific area of interest. It’s crucial to select a topic that is not only academically viable but also personally engaging. Here’s how to navigate this critical phase.

Factors to Consider When Choosing Your EE Topic

Interest and passion:.

Select a topic that fascinates you. Your interest will sustain motivation over the months of research and writing.

Availability of Resources:

Ensure there are enough resources available on your chosen topic. Access to libraries, databases, and experts in the field is essential for comprehensive research.

Scope and Focus:

The topic should be narrow enough to allow for in-depth study yet broad enough to find sufficient research material. Balancing specificity with resource availability is key.

IB Subject Areas:

Your topic must align with one of the subjects you are studying in the IB Diploma Programme or an approved subject area. Familiarity with the subject’s methodology and criteria is crucial for success.

How to Align Your Interests with the IB Subjects

Explore the syllabus:.

Review the syllabus of your IB subjects to identify topics that interest you. This can provide a framework for your EE.

Consult with Teachers:

Teachers can offer insights into feasible topics that align with the IB criteria and offer guidance on how to approach them.

Consider Interdisciplinary Topics:

Some of the most engaging EEs explore the intersection between different subjects. If this interests you, ensure your approach meets the criteria for an interdisciplinary essay under the IB’s World Studies EE option.

Extended Essay Topics: Examples Across Various Disciplines

Sciences: How does the introduction of non-native plant species affect biodiversity in your local ecosystem?
History : What was the impact of Winston Churchill’s leadership on Britain’s role in World War II?
English: How does the use of unreliable narrators influence the reader’s perception in Ian McEwan’s novels?
Mathematics: Investigating the application of the Fibonacci sequence in predicting stock market movements.
Visual Arts: Exploring the influence of Japanese art on Claude Monet’s painting style.

Selecting the right topic is foundational to your EE journey. It shapes your research direction, influences your engagement with the essay, and ultimately contributes to the satisfaction and success of your EE experience. Take your time, consult widely, and choose a topic that you are eager to explore in depth.

Crafting a focused and clear research question is a pivotal element of your Extended Essay. This question not only guides your research but also frames your essay’s entire structure. It’s the question to which your essay will provide an answer, and as such, it requires thoughtful consideration and precision.

A well-developed research question should be specific, relevant, and challenging. It should invite analysis, discussion, and the exploration of significant academic literature. Here’s a deeper look into formulating a robust research question for your EE.

Characteristics of a Strong Research Question

The hallmark of a strong research question is its specificity. It shouldn’t be too broad, as this could lead to a superficial treatment of the topic.

Conversely, a question that’s too narrow might not allow for comprehensive exploration or significant discussion. Finding a balance is key. The question should also be focused on a particular aspect of a subject area, enabling in-depth analysis within the word count limit.

Another important characteristic is the question’s alignment with available resources. Before finalising your question, ensure that you have access to sufficient data and scholarly research to support your investigation. This might involve preliminary searches in academic databases, libraries, or consultation with your supervisor.

Tips for Refining Your Research Question

Start by brainstorming broad topic areas that interest you. Once you’ve identified a general area of interest, begin narrowing down by asking yourself specific questions about the topic. What aspects of this topic are unexplored or underexplored? What specific angle can I take that will make my research unique?

It’s also beneficial to review past EEs or academic journals for inspiration. Seeing how others have structured their research questions can provide valuable insight into crafting your own. However, ensure your question remains original and tailored to your interests.

Examples of Effective Research Questions

To give you an idea of what a well-formulated research question looks like, here are a few examples:

Biology: How does the concentration of a specific nutrient affect the growth rate of plant species X in a hydroponic setup compared to soil-based growth?
History: To what extent did the public speeches of Martin Luther King Jr. influence the public’s perception of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States between 1963 and 1968?
Economics: How significant is the impact of recent economic policies on small businesses in [specific location] during the COVID-19 pandemic?
English Literature: How does the use of magical realism in Gabriel García Márquez’s ‘One Hundred Years of Solitude’ reflect the political and social issues of post-colonial Latin America?

Developing your research question is an iterative process. It may evolve as you delve deeper into your research. Be open to refining your question based on the information you discover and discussions with your supervisor. A well-crafted research question will not only guide your research effectively but also engage your interest throughout the writing process, leading to a more meaningful and insightful Extended Essay.

A critical component of your Extended Essay is selecting an appropriate research methodology and theoretical framework. These elements are foundational to conducting your research and crafting your argument, influencing how you collect, analyse, and interpret data.

Understanding Research Methodologies

Research methodology refers to the systematic approach you take to investigate your research question. It encompasses the methods and procedures you use to collect and analyse data. Your chosen methodology should align with the nature of your research question and the objectives of your essay.

In the sciences, for example, your methodology might involve experiments, observations, or simulations to gather empirical data. In the humanities, you may lean towards content analysis, comparative analysis, or historical investigation, relying on textual or archival sources.

Selecting the right methodology is crucial. It should provide a clear path to answering your research question, considering the resources available and the scope of your essay. It’s also important to justify your choice of methodology in your essay, explaining why it’s appropriate for your research question and how it will help you achieve your objectives.

Applying Theoretical Frameworks

Theoretical frameworks provide a lens through which your research is conducted and interpreted. They offer a structured way to understand and analyse your findings, grounding your study in existing knowledge and theories.

Choosing a theoretical framework involves identifying relevant theories, models, or concepts that apply to your topic. For instance, if you’re exploring media representation of gender, you might utilise feminist theory as a framework to analyse your findings. In economics, you might apply game theory to understand competitive behaviours in a market.

The framework should guide your analysis, providing a coherent basis for interpreting your data. It helps to structure your argument, offering a deeper insight into the significance of your findings within the broader academic discourse.

Integrating Methodology and Frameworks into Your Research

Successfully integrating your chosen methodology and theoretical framework involves a few key steps:

Clarify the Scope: Ensure your research question, methodology, and theoretical framework align in scope and focus. They should work together seamlessly to guide your research.
Justify Your Choices: Explain the rationale behind your chosen methodology and framework. Discuss why they are suitable for your research question and how they will support your investigation.
Apply Consistently: Use your methodology and framework consistently throughout your research and analysis. This consistency strengthens the coherence and academic rigour of your essay.

Reflecting on these components during the planning stage can enhance the quality of your research and the clarity of your argument. Your methodology and theoretical framework are not just academic requirements; they’re tools that shape the direction and depth of your inquiry, enabling a more structured and insightful exploration of your topic.

In the journey of crafting an Extended Essay (EE), the ability to critically evaluate sources and data stands as a fundamental skill. This evaluation is crucial in establishing the credibility and reliability of the information that forms the backbone of your research. Understanding how to discern the quality and relevance of your sources ensures that your EE is built on a solid foundation of trustworthy information.

Criteria for Selecting Credible and Relevant Sources

Authority: Consider the source’s authorship. Look for works by experts in the field, academic institutions, or reputable organisations. The author’s qualifications and affiliations can significantly impact the reliability of the information.

Accuracy: The information should be supported by evidence, referenced appropriately, and free from factual errors. Reliable sources often undergo a peer-review process, ensuring that the content is scrutinised and validated by other experts in the field.

Currency: The relevance of information can diminish over time, especially in fields that evolve rapidly, such as science and technology. Ensure that the sources you use are up-to-date, reflecting the latest research and developments.

Purpose: Understand the purpose behind the information. Is it to inform, persuade, entertain, or sell? Recognising the intent can help you assess potential biases, which is particularly important when dealing with controversial topics.

Techniques for Evaluating the Reliability and Validity of Data

Cross-Verification: Cross-check information across multiple sources to verify its accuracy and reliability. Consistency among various sources can be a good indicator of the information’s validity.

Statistical Analysis: When dealing with numerical data, consider its statistical significance and the methodology used in its collection. Reliable data should be gathered using sound scientific methods and accurately represent the population or phenomena studied.

Source Evaluation Tools: Utilise tools and checklists designed to evaluate the credibility of sources. These can provide a structured approach to assessing the quality of your research materials.

Incorporating Primary vs. Secondary Sources Effectively

Primary Sources: These are firsthand accounts or direct evidence concerning the topic you’re researching. They include interviews, surveys, experiments, and historical documents. Primary sources offer original insights and data, allowing for a deeper and more personal engagement with your subject.

Secondary Sources: These sources analyse, interpret, or summarise information from primary sources. They include textbooks, articles, and reviews. Secondary sources can provide context, background, and a broader perspective on your topic.

Balancing primary and secondary sources enriches your research, providing both the raw data and the interpretations that help frame your analysis. By rigorously evaluating sources and data, you ensure that your Extended Essay rests on a foundation of credible and relevant information, enhancing the depth and rigour of your investigation.

The heart of a compelling Extended Essay (EE) lies in the seamless integration of evidence and analysis. This integration not only supports and substantiates your arguments but also demonstrates your ability to critically engage with your research topic. Here’s how to weave evidence and analysis together in a way that enhances the strength and persuasiveness of your EE.

Strategies for Integrating Evidence Seamlessly into Your Argument

Directly Link Evidence to Your Thesis: Every piece of evidence you include should directly support or relate to your thesis statement. This ensures that all the information contributes to building your argument coherently.

Use Evidence to Illustrate Points: Utilise examples, data, quotes, and case studies as concrete evidence to illustrate your points. This makes abstract concepts more tangible and convincing to the reader.

Analyse, Don’t Just Present: For every piece of evidence, provide analysis and interpretation. Explain how it supports your argument, what it demonstrates, and its implications for your research question.

Balancing Descriptive and Analytical Writing

Avoid Over-Description: While some description is necessary to set the context, avoid dedicating too much space to merely describing your evidence. The focus should be on analysis.

Develop a Critical Voice: Cultivate a critical approach to your evidence. This means evaluating its reliability, considering its limitations, and discussing its relevance to your argument.

Synthesise Information: Aim to synthesise evidence from multiple sources to support your points. This demonstrates comprehensive understanding and the ability to draw connections across your research.

How to Critically Analyse Sources and Data Within Your Essay

Question the Source: Consider the source’s origin, purpose, and potential bias. How might these factors influence the information presented?

Evaluate Methodology: If the evidence comes from a study or experiment, evaluate the methodology used. Is it sound and appropriate for the research question?

Consider the Broader Context: Place your evidence within the broader scholarly conversation on your topic. How does it fit with, challenge, or expand existing knowledge?

By thoughtfully integrating evidence and providing in-depth analysis, you can create a nuanced and compelling EE that goes beyond mere description to offer original insights into your topic. This approach not only strengthens your argument but also showcases your critical thinking and analytical skills, essential qualities for success in the IB Diploma Programme and beyond.

The Extended Essay presents an opportunity for IB students to engage deeply with a topic of their choice. However, to effectively communicate your research and insights, your essay must be well-structured and clearly written.

This section provides guidance on how to write and structure your EE, ensuring your work is coherent, persuasive, and academically rigorous.

Outline of the Extended Essay Structure

A well-organised structure is crucial for the readability and coherence of your EE. Typically, an Extended Essay includes the following components:

Title Page: Displays the essay title, research question, subject the essay is registered in, and word count.
Abstract: A concise summary of the essay, including the research question, methodology, results, and conclusion (Note: For essays submitted in 2018 and forward, the IB no longer requires an abstract, so check the most current guidelines).
Contents Page: Lists the sections and subsections of your essay with page numbers.
Introduction: Introduces the research question and your essay’s purpose, outlining the scope of the investigation.
Body : The main section of your essay, divided into clearly titled subsections, each addressing specific aspects of the research question. It’s where you present your argument, supported by evidence.
Conclusion: Summarises the findings, discusses the implications, and reflects on the research’s limitations and potential areas for further study.
References/Bibliography: Lists all sources used in the essay in a consistent format, following the chosen citation style.
Appendices: (If necessary) Contains supplementary material that is relevant to the research but not essential to its explanation.

Detailed Breakdown of Each Section

Introduction:

The introduction sets the stage for your research. It should clearly state your research question and explain the significance of the topic. Briefly outline the theoretical framework and methodology, and provide an overview of the essay’s structure.

The body is the heart of your essay. It should be logically organised to build your argument step by step. Each paragraph should start with a clear topic sentence, followed by evidence and analysis. Use subheadings to divide the sections thematically or methodologically, ensuring each part contributes to answering the research question.

Developing Arguments: Present and critique different perspectives, systematically leading the reader through your analytical process.
Using Evidence: Incorporate relevant data, quotes, and examples to support your arguments. Ensure all sources are appropriately cited.
Analysis and Discussion: Go beyond describing your findings; analyse and interpret them in the context of your research question and theoretical framework.
Conclusion: The conclusion should not introduce new information. Instead, it should synthesise your findings, highlighting how they contribute to understanding the research question. Reflect on the research process, acknowledging any limitations and suggesting areas for further investigation.

Importance of Coherence and Logical Flow

Maintaining coherence and a logical flow throughout your EE is essential. Transition sentences between paragraphs and sections can help link ideas smoothly, guiding the reader through your argument. A coherent structure ensures that your essay is accessible and persuasive, making a strong impression on the reader.

A well-written and structured EE is a testament to your understanding of the research process and your ability to communicate complex ideas effectively. By adhering to a clear structure and focusing on coherence and logical progression, you can craft an essay that is engaging, insightful, and academically rigorous.

A unique and integral component of the IB Extended Essay (EE) process is the Reflections on Planning and Progress Form (RPPF). The RPPF serves as a personal and academic exploration tool, guiding students through the planning, research, and writing phases of their EE. It encourages students to reflect on their learning journey, documenting insights gained, challenges encountered, and the evolution of their thinking.

The Role of Reflection in the EE Process

Reflection is at the heart of the EE, enabling students to engage critically with their own learning processes. It helps in:

Self-Assessment: Encouraging students to consider their strengths and areas for improvement.
Skill Development: Facilitating a deeper understanding of the research and writing skills developed during the EE process.
Critical Thinking: Promoting an evaluative approach to the research process, allowing students to make informed decisions about their methodologies, sources, and arguments.

How to Effectively Complete the RPPF

Completing the RPPF involves three formal reflection sessions, which are crucial milestones in the EE journey:

Initial Reflection: Focuses on the selection of the topic and formulation of the research question. Students should discuss their motivations, initial ideas, and anticipated challenges.
Interim Reflection: Occurs midway through the process. Students reflect on the progress made, adjustments to their research plan, and any challenges they’ve faced. It’s an opportunity to reassess the direction of the EE and make necessary modifications.
Final Reflection: After completing the EE, students reflect on their overall experience, the skills they’ve developed, and the knowledge they’ve gained. This reflection should also consider the impact of the research process on their personal and academic growth.

In each reflection, students should be honest and critical, providing insights into their learning journey. The reflections are not just about documenting successes but also about understanding the learning process, including setbacks and how they were overcome.

Examples of Reflective Questions and Insightful Responses

Initial reflection:.

Question: “What excites me about my chosen topic?”

Insightful Response: Discuss the personal or academic interest in the topic, any prior knowledge, and what you hope to discover through your research.

Interim Reflection:

Question: “What challenges have I encountered in my research, and how have I addressed them?”

Insightful Response: Describe specific obstacles, such as difficulty accessing resources or refining the research question, and the strategies employed to overcome them.

Final Reflection:

Question: “How has my understanding of the topic evolved through the research process?”

Insightful Response: Reflect on how the research challenged or confirmed initial assumptions and what was learned about the topic and the research process itself.

The RPPF is not just a formal requirement but a valuable component of the EE that enriches the student’s learning experience. By fostering reflection, the RPPF helps students to articulate their journey, offering insights into the complexities of research and the personal growth that accompanies the creation of an extended academic work.

The Extended Essay allows students to explore a topic of interest within the framework of an IB subject. The choice of academic discipline not only shapes the content and focus of the essay but also influences the methodologies and theoretical frameworks that students may employ. Understanding and adhering to the conventions and requirements of the chosen discipline is crucial for the success of the EE.

Adhering to Disciplinary Conventions and Guidelines

Each academic discipline has its own set of conventions regarding research methodologies, writing styles, and citation formats. For example, a science EE might require empirical research and quantitative analysis, whereas an essay in the humanities might focus on qualitative analysis and critical interpretation of texts.

Key considerations include:

Methodology: The choice of methodology should align with disciplinary norms. Science EEs might involve experiments, whereas essays in history might rely on primary source analysis.
Structure: While the basic structure of the EE remains consistent across subjects, the presentation of arguments and evidence might vary. Essays in the arts and humanities might follow a thematic structure, while those in the sciences might be organised around experimental findings.
Citation Style: Different disciplines prefer specific citation styles. For instance, APA might be favoured in psychology, while MLA is commonly used in literature essays. Adhering to the appropriate style is crucial for academic integrity.

How Different Disciplines Influence the Approach to Research and Writing

The academic discipline not only dictates the formal aspects of the EE but also influences the approach to research and writing. For instance, an EE in Visual Arts would require a different analytical lens compared to an EE in Economics. The former might analyse the impact of cultural contexts on artistic expressions, while the latter could evaluate economic theories through case studies.

Disciplinary perspectives also affect:

Argumentation : The way arguments are constructed and evidenced can differ. In the sciences, arguments are often built around data and logical reasoning, while in the humanities, they might be more interpretative, drawing on various theoretical perspectives.
Critical Engagement: The extent and nature of critical engagement with sources can vary. In subjects like History or English, a critical analysis of diverse interpretations is fundamental, whereas in the Sciences, the focus might be on empirical evidence and hypothesis testing.

Examples of Disciplinary Perspectives in Extended Essay Examples

Biology EE: An investigation into the effects of environmental changes on local biodiversity, employing scientific methods for data collection and analysis.
Economics EE: An analysis of the impact of a specific economic policy on a local economy, using economic theories and models to interpret data.
English Literature EE: A comparative study of the theme of alienation in two novels, using literary theories to explore the authors’ narrative techniques.

Understanding the significance of academic discipline in the EE ensures that students approach their research with the appropriate methodologies and analytical frameworks. It encourages respect for the depth and breadth of the subject area, contributing to a more nuanced and informed exploration of the chosen topic.

Writing an Extended Essay involves more than just conducting research and presenting findings; it requires careful planning, effective engagement with your supervisor, and a critical approach to your sources. Here are some best practices to help you navigate the EE writing process successfully.

Time Management and Planning

Time management is crucial in the EE process. The project spans several months, so it’s essential to break down the work into manageable stages. Create a timeline early in the process, including key milestones such as completing the research, drafting sections, and finalising the essay. Allocate time for unexpected challenges and ensure you have buffer periods for revision and feedback.

Planning Tips:

Set Goals: Establish clear, achievable goals for each phase of your EE journey.
Use Tools: Leverage planning tools or software to organise your tasks and deadlines.
Regular Reviews: Periodically review your progress against your plan and adjust as necessary.

Engaging with Supervisors Effectively:Your supervisor is a valuable resource throughout the EE process. They can provide guidance on your research question, methodology, and essay structure, as well as feedback on your drafts.

Maximising Supervisor Engagement:

Prepare for Meetings: Come to each meeting with specific questions or sections of your essay you want feedback on.
Be Open to Feedback: Constructive criticism is essential for improvement. Listen to your supervisor’s suggestions and consider how to incorporate them into your work.
Communicate Regularly: Keep your supervisor informed of your progress and any challenges you encounter.

Critical Engagement with Sources

A critical approach to the sources you use is fundamental to a high-quality EE. Evaluate the reliability, relevance, and bias of your sources to ensure your essay is grounded in credible evidence.

Strategies for Source Evaluation:

Source Variety: Use a range of sources, including academic journals, books, and reputable online resources, to provide a balanced perspective on your topic.
Critical Analysis : Don’t just summarise sources. Analyse their arguments, identify limitations, and consider how they contribute to your research question.
Citation and Paraphrasing: Accurately cite all sources to avoid plagiarism. When paraphrasing, ensure you’re genuinely rephrasing ideas in your own words while still crediting the original author.

Good practice in EE writing is not just about adhering to academic standards; it’s about engaging deeply with your topic, embracing the research process, and developing skills that will serve you well in your academic and professional future. By managing your time effectively, leveraging the support of your supervisor, and critically engaging with sources, you can craft an EE that is not only academically rigorous but also personally rewarding.

Successfully navigating the Extended Essay process requires more than just academic skill; it demands effective project management. This encompasses planning, organising, and executing your EE from initial conception to final submission. Here are strategies to help you manage the EE process, ensuring a smooth journey and a rewarding outcome.

Planning and Time Management Strategies Specific to the EE

Develop a Detailed Plan: Start by breaking down the EE process into stages: topic selection, research, drafting, and revising. Assign deadlines to each stage based on the final submission date, allowing extra time for unforeseen delays.

Use a Calendar or Planner: Keep track of deadlines, meetings with your supervisor, and other important dates. Digital tools can be particularly useful, offering reminders and helping you stay organised.

Set Regular Milestones: Milestones offer checkpoints to assess your progress. These could be completing the research phase, finishing a first draft, or finalising your citations. Celebrate these achievements to stay motivated.

Milestones and Checklists to Keep You on Track

Create Checklists: For each phase of the EE process, develop a checklist of tasks. This could include conducting initial research, writing specific sections of the essay, or completing rounds of revision.

Regular Progress Reviews: Schedule weekly or bi-weekly reviews of your progress against your plan. Adjust your plan as needed based on these reviews.

Stay Flexible: Be prepared to adapt your plan. Research might take longer than expected, or you might decide to change your focus slightly after discussing with your supervisor.

Dealing with Challenges and Setbacks During the EE Journey

Anticipate Potential Issues: Think ahead about what might go wrong and how you would address it. Having contingency plans can reduce stress and keep you on track.

Seek Support When Needed: Don’t hesitate to reach out to your supervisor, peers, or other mentors if you encounter obstacles. They can offer advice, support, and perspective.

Maintain a Positive Attitude: Challenges are part of the learning process. View setbacks as opportunities to improve your problem-solving and resilience skills.

Managing the EE process effectively is about more than just completing a requirement for the IB Diploma; it’s an exercise in self-management and personal growth. By carefully planning your work, setting and celebrating milestones, and being prepared to tackle challenges, you can navigate the EE process with confidence and achieve a result that reflects your hard work and dedication.

Mastering the art of collaboration and effectively incorporating feedback are pivotal aspects of crafting a high-calibre Extended Essay (EE). These processes enrich your work, offering new perspectives and insights that can significantly enhance the depth and quality of your research and writing. Let’s delve into how to navigate these collaborative interactions and integrate feedback productively.

Effective Collaboration with Your Supervisor

Your supervisor is a key ally in your EE journey, providing guidance, support, and expert insight into your chosen topic. Building a productive relationship with your supervisor involves clear communication, active engagement, and receptiveness to their advice.

Prepare for Meetings: Maximise the value of your meetings by preparing questions and topics for discussion. This shows initiative and helps you focus on areas where you need the most guidance.
Be Open to Suggestions: Your supervisor brings a wealth of experience and knowledge. Being open to their suggestions can unlock new avenues of inquiry and refine your research focus.
Follow Up: After meetings, review the guidance provided and take action. Following up on suggestions and demonstrating progress is key to a fruitful collaboration.

Incorporating Feedback Constructively

Feedback is a gift, offering you fresh eyes on your work and highlighting areas for improvement. Whether it comes from your supervisor, peers, or other mentors, constructive feedback is instrumental in elevating the quality of your EE.

Critically Evaluate Feedback: Not all feedback will be equally applicable or helpful. Assess suggestions critically and decide which ones align with your research goals and vision for your EE.
Implement Changes Thoughtfully: When integrating feedback, do so thoughtfully and systematically. Consider how each piece of advice enhances your argument or strengthens your analysis.
Maintain Your Own Voice: While it’s important to consider feedback, your EE should ultimately reflect your ideas, analysis, and voice. Balance the input from others with your own scholarly insights.

Balancing Independent Research with Guidance

Navigating the balance between independent research and the guidance received is a delicate aspect of the EE process. While the EE is your project, drawing on the expertise and feedback of others can significantly enhance its depth and scope.

Value Independence: Embrace the opportunity to conduct independent research, making your EE a true reflection of your interests and intellectual curiosity.
Seek Guidance Wisely: Utilise your supervisor and other resources judiciously. They can provide clarity, offer new perspectives, and help you navigate complex aspects of your research.
Synthesise Input: Integrate the guidance and feedback you receive in a way that complements your research, ensuring that your EE remains a coherent and cohesive piece of scholarly work.

The interplay between collaboration, feedback, and independent research is central to the EE process. By engaging effectively with your supervisor, thoughtfully incorporating feedback, and maintaining a balance between guidance and your own scholarly pursuits, you can craft an EE that is not only academically rigorous but also a true testament to your growth as a learner.

Plagiarism is a critical concern in academic writing, including the Extended Essay. It involves using someone else’s work without proper acknowledgment, which can compromise the integrity of your essay and result in severe penalties. Understanding what constitutes plagiarism and how to avoid it is essential for maintaining academic honesty and ensuring the credibility of your research.

Understanding What Constitutes Plagiarism

Plagiarism can take many forms, from directly copying text without quotation marks to paraphrasing someone else’s ideas without proper citation. It also includes using images, charts, or data without acknowledging the source. Even unintentional plagiarism, where sources are not deliberately misrepresented but are inadequately cited, can have serious consequences.

How to Properly Cite Sources and Paraphrase

Citing Sources : Every time you use someone else’s words, ideas, or data, you must cite the source. This not only includes quotes and paraphrases but also data, images, and charts. Familiarise yourself with the citation style recommended for your subject area, whether it be APA, MLA, Chicago, or another, and apply it consistently throughout your essay.

Paraphrasing: Paraphrasing involves rewording someone else’s ideas in your own words. It’s essential to do more than just change a few words around; you need to completely rewrite the concept, ensuring you still cite the original source. Good paraphrasing demonstrates your understanding of the material and integrates it seamlessly into your argument.

Using Plagiarism Detection Tools

Many schools and students use plagiarism detection tools to check the originality of their work before submission. These tools compare your essay against a vast database of published material and other student submissions to identify any matches. Utilising these tools can help you identify areas of your essay that need better paraphrasing or citation.

Avoiding plagiarism in the EE involves diligent research, careful writing, and thorough citation. It’s about respecting the intellectual property of others while demonstrating your own understanding and analysis of the topic. By following these guidelines, you can ensure that your EE is both original and academically honest, reflecting the hard work and integrity that define the IB learner profile.

In the Extended Essay, showcasing original thought is not just encouraged; it’s a cornerstone of what makes an EE stand out. Originality in this context means more than just avoiding plagiarism; it involves presenting unique perspectives, developing novel arguments, or exploring new areas within a subject. Here’s how you can emphasise original thought in your EE.

The Value of Originality and Creativity

Originality and creativity in the EE demonstrate your ability to think independently and engage critically with your subject. It shows that you’re not just capable of summarising existing knowledge but also contributing to the conversation in your discipline. This level of engagement is what the IB looks for in assessing the EE, as it reflects a deeper understanding and application of the subject matter.

Balancing Academic Rigour with Personal Voice and Analysis

While it’s important to ground your EE in academic research and follow disciplinary conventions, finding a balance with your personal voice and analysis is key to originality. Here are ways to achieve this balance:

Personal Insight : Inject your essay with your insights, interpretations, and conclusions based on the research. This personal engagement with the topic distinguishes your EE from a mere literature review.
Critical Analysis: Go beyond describing what others have said. Critique the arguments, identify gaps in the research, and propose new ways of understanding the subject.
Innovative Approach: Consider addressing less explored aspects of your topic or applying theories and methodologies from other disciplines to bring fresh perspectives.

Strategies for Developing and Showcasing Original Thought

Question Assumptions: Start by questioning the prevailing assumptions or widely held beliefs in your subject area. This critical stance can open up avenues for original analysis.

Interdisciplinary Connections: Drawing connections between different disciplines can reveal new insights and approaches that enrich your essay.

Reflect on Your Learning: Use the insights gained from your coursework and personal interests to inform your approach. Often, your unique educational and life experiences can inspire original perspectives.

Emphasising original thought in your EE is about striking a balance between demonstrating your mastery of the subject and pushing beyond the boundaries of existing knowledge. It involves a blend of thorough research, critical thinking, and creative engagement with the topic. By fostering a unique perspective and injecting your personal voice into your analysis, you can create an EE that is not only academically rigorous but also distinctly yours, leaving a lasting impression on your readers.

The culmination of the Extended Essay process includes the final presentation and the Viva Voce, a concluding interview between the student and their supervisor. These components serve not only as a summation of your EE journey but also as an opportunity to reflect on your learning and the skills you’ve developed. Understanding the significance and how to prepare for these elements is crucial for a successful EE completion.

Preparing for the Final Presentation

The final presentation is an opportunity to share the highlights of your EE journey, including your research question, methodology, key findings, and any challenges you overcame. It’s a moment to showcase the depth of your research and the personal growth you experienced throughout the process.

Key Elements to Include:

Overview of Your Research: Briefly summarise your research question and why you chose it, highlighting your methodology and the scope of your investigation.
Significant Findings: Share the key insights and discoveries you made during your research. This is a chance to underscore the original contributions of your EE.
Challenges and Solutions : Discuss any significant obstacles you faced and how you addressed them. Reflecting on these challenges shows your problem-solving skills and resilience.
Reflections on the Process: Share what you’ve learned about yourself as a learner, the skills you’ve developed, and how the EE has impacted your academic and personal growth.

Tips for a Successful Viva Voce

The Viva Voce is a short interview with your supervisor after you’ve submitted your EE. It’s an integral part of the reflection process, allowing you to discuss the successes and challenges of your research journey.

To Prepare for the Viva Voce:

Review Your EE: Be familiar with your essay’s content, as you’ll discuss your work in detail. Be ready to explain your research decisions and reflect on your learning process.
Anticipate Questions: Your supervisor might ask about how you selected your topic, the development of your research question, your approach to research and writing, and the skills you’ve developed.
Reflect on Your Learning: Think about the entire EE process, including what you learned, how you’ve grown, and how the experience might influence your future academic or career goals.

How the Viva Voce Contributes to Your Overall EE Assessment

While the Viva Voce doesn’t directly affect your EE grade, it plays a crucial role in the holistic assessment of your IB Diploma. It demonstrates the authenticity of your work and your engagement with the EE process, providing insights into your approach, dedication, and intellectual growth.

The final presentation and Viva Voce are essential milestones that mark the completion of your EE journey. They offer a platform to reflect on the challenges you’ve navigated, the knowledge you’ve gained, and the skills you’ve honed. Preparing thoroughly for these elements ensures you can confidently articulate your research journey, showcasing the depth of your inquiry and your development as an IB learner.

The journey through the Extended Essay is more than an academic exercise; it’s a transformative experience that equips IB Diploma students with skills and insights that extend far beyond the programme.

Reflecting on how the EE prepares you for future academic and professional endeavours can highlight the lasting value of this rigorous project.

How the Skills Developed During the EE Can Benefit You in Future Academic and Professional Endeavours

Research and Analytical Skills: The EE demands a high level of research and analysis, teaching students how to gather, assess, and interpret data. These skills are invaluable in higher education and many professional fields, where evidence-based decision-making is crucial.

Critical Thinking: Crafting an EE requires students to evaluate sources critically, consider multiple perspectives, and develop well-reasoned arguments. This ability to think critically is highly sought after in both academia and the workplace.

Project Management: Completing an EE involves planning, organisation, time management, and problem-solving. Managing such a long-term project successfully can boost your confidence in handling complex tasks and projects in the future.

Communication: Writing the EE enhances your ability to communicate complex ideas clearly and effectively, a skill that is essential in any professional setting. Additionally, the final presentation and Viva Voce develop your verbal communication and presentation skills.

Examples of How the EE Has Helped Alumni in Their Post-IB Journeys

Many IB alumni attribute their success in university and their careers to the foundation laid by their EE experience. For instance, alumni often report that the EE made the transition to university-level research and writing much smoother. Others have found that the skills developed through the EE, such as critical thinking and project management, have set them apart in job interviews and workplace projects.

Encouragement to View the EE as a Stepping Stone to Lifelong Learning

The EE is not just a requirement for the IB Diploma; it’s an introduction to a lifelong journey of inquiry and discovery. It encourages a mindset of curiosity and a habit of continuous learning that can enrich both your personal and professional life. Viewing the EE through this lens can transform it from a daunting task into an exciting opportunity to explore your passions and develop essential skills for the future.

The Extended Essay is a hallmark of the IB Diploma Programme, embodying the essence of inquiry, critical thinking, and scholarly engagement. From selecting a topic and formulating a research question to conducting in-depth research and presenting findings, the EE challenges students to transcend the boundaries of traditional learning, fostering skills and insights that extend far beyond the confines of the classroom.

This comprehensive guide has navigated the critical aspects of the EE process, offering strategies for managing time, engaging with supervisors, and ensuring academic integrity. It has underscored the importance of original thought, the role of academic discipline, and the value of reflection, aiming to equip students with the tools they need to succeed in this rigorous academic endeavour.

The Extended Essay is a testament to your dedication, intellectual curiosity, and academic prowess. Embrace this opportunity to shine, to explore, and to make your mark on the world of knowledge.

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Guide to the IB Extended Essay in 2024

January 24, 2024

If you’re an International Baccalaureate student getting ready to write your IB Extended Essay, you might be experiencing some very understandable trepidation. But have no fear—we’re here to help you understand what’s required of you, how to plan ahead (IB extended essay topics), and how you’ll be graded (IB extended essay rubric). Keep reading for a good dose of preparation and confidence before you begin the journey. In this article, we’ll cover:

What is the IB Extended Essay?

The ib extended essay—required content, ib extended essay topics.

IB Extended Essay—Sample Essays

IB Extended Essay Tips

Ib extended essay rubric, ib extended essay—more resources.

The IB Extended Essay is a 4,000-word paper that asks you to immerse yourself in research and academic writing. A required part of the IB program, the Extended Essay is a chance to dig deep into a topic that fascinates you.

Although it’s no small task, the IB Extended Essay is an opportunity to gain practical research and writing skills that will come in handy again in college. As you write, you’ll learn how to:

Identify credible sources
Formulate a research question and limit your scope of research
Communicate ideas to an audience
Develop a well-supported argument

The IB Extended Essay is largely an independent, self-directed project, but don’t worry—the IB program doesn’t throw you into the deep end. You do get to select a mentor (usually a teacher at your school) to help guide you through the process. As you write, you’ll be required to meet with your mentor three times. As part of your final evaluation, your mentor will interview you in a final reflection section called a viva voce . During the viva voce, your mentor will check for plagiarism and malpractice, ask you to reflect on challenges and difficulties, and prompt you to discuss what you’ve learned through the research and writing process. Your mentor will then generate a report that factors into your final grade.

Your final essay must include the following:

Contents page
Introduction
Body of the essay
References and bibliography

For this essay, it will be up to you to generate a topic; the International Baccalaureate does not provide prompts. However, your essay will need to fit within one of six provided subject areas . You’ll choose from the following list of IB Extended Essay Topics:

Language and literature
Language acquisition
Individuals and societies
Mathematics

IB Extended Essay Topics (Continued)

At a glance, the subject areas might look limited, but the topics you can choose to write about are actually wide-ranging. The “Individuals and societies” category includes social science topics like economics, history, world religions, and philosophy. And, if you’re leaning toward “Science,” you can choose from classic subjects such as biology, chemistry, and physics, or related topics like environmental systems or health science, among others.

The IB also offers a special “World Studies” option for students interested in researching global issues. This subject would allow you to center your writing on global issues such as migration, global health, cultural exchange, or climate change.

Wondering what an outstanding IB Extended Essay looks like? The International Baccalaureate provides quite a few sample student essays online . Here are five essays that earned A grades.

Language and literature: An exploration of an aspect of the narrative voice in Vladimir Nabokov’s Lolita

Environmental Systems and Societies: The economic impact of the 1995 reintroduction of grey wolves to Yellowstone National Park

Psychology: To what extent do social networking sites (SNS) usage lead to experience of anxiety in adolescents?

Music: Composition techniques in the 1st movement of Johannes Brahms’s Symphony No. 2, Op. 73

Business Management: Corporate Culture at Oracle

1) Pick something you’re passionate about

As you can see from the titles above, the IB Extended Essay is a great place to delve into a niche topic that fascinates you. Since you’ll be spending many months on this essay, you’ll want to pick a topic you genuinely enjoy spending time learning about. It’s also smart to choose something you’ve already learned about in your IB classes so that you have a strong foundation of knowledge to start with. In music class, do you love pondering why music makes us feel a certain way? Maybe an essay about music theory will keep your gears turning. Do you come alive trying to solve seemingly impossible problems in physics class? Now’s your chance to put those equations into action.

Since this essay is all about your academic interests, it’s also a good idea to pick a topic that’s relevant to what you plan to study in college. Selecting a relevant topic will provide you with significant exposure to the field and will also give you something meaningful to talk about in your college admissions essays.

2) Limit your scope

What’s the meaning of life? Why do wars happen? What is time? Some questions are just way too big to answer, and your IB Extended Essay is not a good place to tackle expansive, philosophical questions. Instead, think of this essay as a place to investigate one piece of a big question. If, let’s say, you’re generally interested in what helps women reach positions of leadership in business, this is a good place to examine how one or a few companies approach this issue. Or, if you’re interested in studying what inspires surrealist painters, you’ll want to pick one or a few painters to research, likely all from the same time period. For both these topics, you’d need a whole textbook to tackle the full question, but limiting your scope will make it much easier to write a clear and cohesive 4,000 words.

On the other hand, it’s possible to narrow your focus too much. It would be impossible, for example, to write 4,000 words about a single sentence in a novel. Make sure you talk about scope early and often with your mentor. Together, you can find the perfect Goldilocks scope for your project that’s not too big and not too small.

3) Choose a good mentor

Speaking of mentors, choosing wisely will help you enormously as you embark on your IB Extended Essay. You’ll want to make sure you choose someone with existing knowledge in your research topic. Your English teacher may be able to give you great writing advice, for example, but they won’t be able to guide your research and scope if you’re writing about marine animals or modern dance.

Before you approach a teacher, make sure you have at least one topic idea (or even a few ideas) in mind so that you can make sure they’ll be a good fit to supervise your project. When you meet with them, find out what their mentorship style is like. Make sure they’ll have time to read several drafts of your essays, meet with you a few times, and give you feedback. Some IB schools will require your IB Extended Essay mentor to sign an agreement form too, so make sure you find out what paperwork is required in advance.

4) Get organized, way organized

The IB Extended Essay is not something you can crank out the night before it’s due. The essay is meant to be a substantive, in-depth, thoughtful, and thoroughly researched analysis, and Rome simply isn’t built in a day. This might be the longest paper you’ve written to date, and this project might require more research than you’ve been asked to do before. Timelines vary by school, but you’ll likely spend between eight months and a year working on your IB Extended Essay. So, how will you pull it all off? For these 8-12 months, organization will be your guiding light. We recommend you:

Get started early. If your essay is due November of your senior year, start generating topic ideas during your junior year right after winter break.
Create a long-view schedule for yourself. What will you accomplish each month of your process?
Give yourself deadlines. Once you choose a mentor, suggest 2-3 draft deadline dates so that you will be held accountable throughout the writing process.
Find a note-taking system that works for you. You’ll be reading many articles and books and it’s hard to keep track of all your sources. Create a document or spreadsheet where you keep track of the sources you’ve found and check them off as you read. As you finish reading a text, type up important quotes and a few notes explaining how it connects to your topic and to your other texts.

5)Write a messy first draft

Writing never comes out perfect the first time, even for New York Times bestselling authors and the most experienced researchers. In your first draft, give yourself permission to get all your thoughts out, no matter how unstructured or rambling they are. Call this your brainstorming draft. When you’re ready to revisit it, see what patterns emerge, what common ideas you can group together, what beginning buds of ideas you can make bloom into full-fledged analysis.

6) Communicate for an audience

When you’re used to producing writing that only your teacher reads, it can be hard to remember to write for an audience. But at the end of the day, writing is communication , and the best writing is clear and thorough communication that anyone could pick up and read. For your IB Extended Essay, you’ll want to remember that many people will be reading your final essay, and not all of them will be experts in the niche topic you choose to study. Ask yourself: how can I explain my research to an audience who doesn’t already agree with my analysis?

To communicate to an audience, you’ll want to:

Provide lots of general background information on your topic.
Don’t assume your reader is familiar with your sources. Introduce them as if they’re guest speakers about to walk up to a podium and deliver a lecture.
After including quotes, facts, and figures, be sure to explain what those sources mean in your own words and how they connect to your bigger-picture argument.
Don’t assume your arguments are self-evident. In this essay, communicating for an audience means supplying ongoing interpretation and analysis, even if it feels like you’re explaining the obvious. Your reader isn’t on your research journey with you, so your points might not be so obvious to your reader.

Although your IB Extended Essay provides a report that factors into your grade, your essay will also be assessed by external examiners the IB. Per the IB Extended Essay Rubric , essays are graded on a scale from 0 to 34 based on 5 different criteria:

Criterion A: Focus and Method (6 points maximum)
Criterion B: Knowledge and Understanding (6 points maximum)
Criterion C: Critical Thinking (12 points maximum)
Criterion D: Presentation (4 points maximum)
Criterion E: Engagement (6 points maximum)

As you can see, Critical Thinking is the most significant rubric category. This means that the IB wants to see you arrive at your own unique analysis of your topic, drawing connections between sources and data, and making well-supported arguments. This means they want a lot of you: your ideas, your interpretations, your thoughts. Make sure you emphasize that in your essay, but of course don’t forget the other categories.

The score a student receives corresponds to a letter grade scale that is slightly different than what we’re accustomed to in the U.S. Here’s the letter grade to numerical score breakdown:

Total Points Earned	Letter Grade	Descriptor
30-34	A	Excellent
25-29	B	Good
17-24	C	Satisfactory
9-19	D	Mediocre
0-8	E	Elementary

You must earn a D or higher to receive your IB Diploma. To learn more about the different criteria included in the IB Extended Essay Rubric, you can explore the IB’s full guide to the Extended Essay .

We hope you found our look at the IB extended essay rubric and IB extended essay topics to be helpful. Ready to dive into research? You may want to read our 10 Expert Tips for Improving Reading Comprehension before you hit the books.

And if you’re a high school student in the process of mapping out your pathway to college, take a look at a few other useful guides:

IB vs AP—Which Classes are Best for College Admission?
How to Earn College Credit in High School
High School Course Requirements for College Admission
SAT Score Calculator
ACT Score Calculator
High School Success

Christina Wood

Christina Wood holds a BA in Literature & Writing from UC San Diego, an MFA in Creative Writing from Washington University in St. Louis, and is currently a Doctoral Candidate in English at the University of Georgia, where she teaches creative writing and first-year composition courses. Christina has published fiction and nonfiction in numerous publications, including The Paris Review , McSweeney’s , Granta , Virginia Quarterly Review , The Sewanee Review , Mississippi Review , and Puerto del Sol , among others. Her story “The Astronaut” won the 2018 Shirley Jackson Award for short fiction and received a “Distinguished Stories” mention in the 2019 Best American Short Stories anthology.

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100+ IB extended essay topic ideas for your ease

Table of contents

Writing Metier

The International Baccalaureate is an educational foundation that has reached all over the world. It was founded in the year 1968, and ever since, it offers several different educational programs to 1.4 billion IB students all over the world. One of the very important requirements of an IB diploma is the extended essay. This really helps bring up the total score. And one problem students face here is gathering ideas for their IB extended essay. Here is some guiding information that can help with extended essay topics.

Need a Dope Paper Written? We've Got Your Back!

The first and the most important thing is to come up with an idea for it. When people come up with the right idea for it, they can work hard and make their way through this. The same with IA and EE – a good extended essay can only be written when the right topic is selected. If you do not select the right topic you want to focus on, the chances of failing your extended essay are way higher.

Once the topic is selected, further information can be gathered on it. However, the prompt that you are working o n should be one that you are very well aware of. Not just that, but you should also be extremely interested in the topic. Only then can you work very well on this topic.

IB Extended Essay Layout

There are mainly six elements in the essay layout. The first part is the title page. Here, the research question is written, along with the subject and the category. The total word count needs to also be mentioned here. The next part is the content page. This is the one that is right at the beginning. It has all the headings along with the page numbers as well.

Then, next comes the introduction. Here, the scope and focus of the research is written. Alongside that, the sources that are used and the main argument that is going to be presented is also written. Next comes the main part of the essay, which is the body of the essay. This is the part where the research and the analysis s done. The evaluation also comes here, where the student is supposed to give his own viewpoint here. The argument should be developed in a coherent fashion here. Everything should be in the right order as well here.

Meanwhile, if you are interested in writing IB extended essay, please check the article that describes in detail how long it takes to write an IB EE . And never forget that an extended essay should be up to 4000 words , around 14-15 pages of content.

After this is done, the conclusion part comes. Here, the argument is summarized. Not just that, but any limitations of the research and also any unsolved issues are highlighted here. Towards the end comes the bibliography of the essay. Once the student chooses the academic style of references, the references are written in the correct order.

Other sections that can be added in the essay include the methodology and the appendix. The appendix is where the extra material is written. The methodology is where the entire part of the essay that describes the way that information is gathered. According to the latest requirements , no abstract is needed.

IB Extended Essay Topics

Ready to get good EE topics? Here are a few ideas to work on, for all of those who are looking to get some inspiration for their IB extended essay topic.

Let’s begin with a few generic topic ideas that you can work on.

General EE topic ideas

What role does culture play in shaping norms in society?
How can we change the way we think and respond to different situations?
How can we move from being victims of circumstance to fighters?
What factors make great leaders?
What is the role that leaders play in the modern day and age in shaping the world?
What factors constitute good parenting?
What factors affect the value of knowledge in society?
How does knowledge make us better people?
How does our thinking affect the way that we view others?
What is the role that patriarchy plays in depriving women of their rights?
What countries have the highest living standards currently and why?
How can we make smooth progress in our careers?
What is the key to effective relationships?
What role does open communication play in our daily lives?
How can we become more effective listeners?
How can we motivate ourselves to work harder and do better?
How can managers create synergy in work groups?
What is the role of trust when it comes to team building?
What is the science behind habit building?
How does spirituality affect our relationship with ourselves?

Like we have mentioned previously with capstone project topics and ideas for comparison essays , here are a few specific examples of topics based on certain groups. I’ll be focusing on general IB groups of studies.

Group 1: Studies in Language and Literature Essay Topics

What are the factors that affect specific political campaigns?
How has the use of language been effective in feminist protests?
How has media shaped the view of female beauty?
How is American English different from British English?
How are gender roles seen in the novel Macbeth?
How are gender roles portrayed in the novel the Great Gatsby?
How is Shakespeare’s style of writing different from others?
How does William Wordsworth play with words?
How much of the English language is borrowed from other languages?
How has the portrayal of women in English literature evolved over time?

Group 2: Language acquisition, including classical languages Essay Topics

How rich is Mandarin in meaning?
What role does innovative technology play in the learning of new languages?
How are new teaching methods being used in different stages of education?
How should a modern foreign language essay work in high school?
How can teaching styles differ when we talk about non native students?
What can be done to make education more valuable for non native students?
How can the classroom become more inclusive for non native students?
What are the different teaching methods that can be used for foreign language classes?
What are the modern means of teaching Mandarin at universities these days?
How important is it to learn different foreign languages?

Group 3: Individuals and societies Essay Topics

How has the role of women changed in society?
How does mainstream society reflect patriarchy?
What can women do for social mobility and why?
How much of our sex affects our ability to achieve?
What can be done to overcome inequality in society?
What can be done to overcome corruption in society?
How has criminality affected societies in the modern day and age?
What are we as a society doing for sustainable development and how?
How has bullying in schools become a normal culture?
What measures can be taken to deal with corruption in society?

Check this article for those who are also interested in how to write an IB Environment System and Societies IA . Enjoy reading it, and now let’s get back to the article.

⏭ EXTENDED ESSAY WRITING HELP ⏮

Group 4: the sciences essay topics.

Can the climate affect the growth of plant X?
What effect does climate change have on the growth of plants?
Do iron intake diets differ in different countries?
How does brushing teeth affect the pH in the mouth?
Can caffeine in coffee be reduced?
Can caffeine in tea be reduced?
What are the factors that affect iodine values in cooking oils?
How does temperature affect the viscosity of Coke?
What role do antioxidants play in our bodies?
How does photosynthesis affect the climate?

Group 5: Mathematics Essay Topics

What mathematical equations are applied in the navigation of stars?
What role does geometry play in the navigation of stars?
How are exponential functions used in physics?
How are exponential functions used in geology?
How are exponential functions used in anthropology?
How are exponential functions used in demography?
How is Pythagoras’s theorem applied in real world situations?
How does the Pythagoras’s theorem help the construction world?
How is the exponential function used in age and growth?
How does Archimedes’ calculation of circular areas work?

Group 6: The Arts Essay Topics

How is technology used for different types of art forms?
What are the different artistic styles of modern art?
What does Picasso’s style of art say about him?
How do political cartoons reflect certain ideologies?
What role does globalization play in contemporary art?
How to analyze abstract paintings?
Do paintings really speak volumes about the painter?
How does modern art differ from traditional art?
How does art reflect a person’s ideology?
How is activism reflected in modern art?

Group 7: Interdisciplinary Essay Topics

How can dead languages be revived again?
What role does anthropology play in making us understand different languages?
How has our society evolved over time to become more progressive?
How deep rooted is masculinity in our society?
What role do gender roles play in shaping society?
How can we understand the science behind class differences?
Is there a relationship between human language and animal language?
How does bilingualism affect our understanding of things?
How can we learn living languages?
How can governments play a role in reducing the social burden in society?

Group 8: History Essay Topics

How can historians work on their ways of getting more authentic data?
Were Hitler’s ways of doing things highly effective?
How did Germany get transformed during the time of Hitler?
How can we check the reliability of historic information?
What are the reasons for world dominance in modern history?
What do old human settlements teach us about the ways that people lived earlier on in time?
What kind of a ruler was Mao Zedong?
How did the partition of the subcontinent happen?
Why should we rely on more than one source for historic information?
How can we tell if a historical source is biased?

These are a few topic ideas that you can choose from.

Choose your IB extended topic wisely

So, if you are in one of the certified IB schools , I wish you good luck with writing your IB EE. To write an effective extended essay , make sure that you are very passionate about the topic that you choose!

Oh, almost forgot – do not hesitate to contact our team, in case you need any sort of assistance from expert IB writers with it.

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Best Biology Research Paper Topics | 50+ Custom Examples

As a branch of Science, Biology deals with living organisms' study and looks into their functions, structures, growth and evolution. Biology, as a subject, holds significant importance because of the topics it deals with. Having this said, it is important for one to always understand the topic they are fully aware of before writing a Biology research paper.

Extended Essay Requirements Updates for the Years 2024/2025

We have selected the main features of International Baccalaureate extended essays in one article. Below you will find a list of main requirements for the extended essay format. Let's start with key features.

How Many References are Enough for a 1500 Words Essay?

You know one of those things that take a drastic turn when you are done with schooling and enter the domains of university academics? Referencing your essays is one of these changes. Till the school level, we are to write essays without worrying about referencing. At the university level, things get serious because you are required to cite the information you are claiming in the article.

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110 Extended Essay Topics

To test a student’s independent research, writing, and critical thinking skills, teachers will assign an extended essay writing assignment.

This type of essay will be one of the most detail-oriented essay writing formats, akin to writing a research paper. Not only do students need to choose a topic that is interesting to them and within the scope of their course work, but they also need to conduct in-depth research and analyze the information they find in regards to their topic.

To do so requires time and patience, as well as a solid understanding of not only writing an essay within specific parameters but also how to use writing styles such as MLA formatting and APA format.

Additionally, the format of an extended essay requires that it be at least 4000 words long. Anything under may risk a poor grade on the assignment, and anything too far over may do the same.

How to Write an Extended Essay

Students assigned an extended essay often feel frustrated before the writing or research process has even begun. Because of the required word count and the level of critical analysis that must go into the work, it is no easy task.

But with careful planning and execution, as well as a clear understanding of what is expected of them, students can complete this assignment with flying colors.

The following are some tips for completing an extended essay:

1) Choose a Topic

When choosing a topic for an extended essay, it is important to begin with a topic already familiar to the student.

This will make it easier for them to find information and conduct research on said topic. It also helps students who may not be as adept at critical thinking or conducting research from the beginning.

Choosing a topic that is too broad can lead to confusion when trying to frame a thesis statement and can ultimately result in a lower quality grade.

Most teachers will provide students with topics to choose from, but if they do not, it may be wise for the student to research popular or trending topics and then narrow down one that is interesting to them.

2) Conduct Research

Once the topic has been chosen, it is time for the student to conduct their research. There are several ways that students can do this, including using databases or access to books through a local library.

The key here is to use reliable sources to avoid leading the student astray with false information or data.

The research that is conducted needs to be relevant to the topic at hand so that it can be analyzed correctly in the essay.

3) Write a Thesis Statement

A thesis statement is one of the most critical aspects of an extended essay. It acts as a guide for the rest of the paper and shows that the student can effectively think and write critically about their chosen topic.

The thesis statement should be a clear and concise sentence that states the position of the essay.

4) Draft the Body of the Essay

With a good understanding of the topic, reliable research, and a strong thesis statement, the student can begin drafting their essay’s body.

This will be where they put their thoughts and analysis into writing. The structure of the essay should mirror that of a research paper, with an introduction, body, and conclusion.

5) Edit and Revise

The final step before submitting the essay is to edit and revise it. This is where the student can clean up any grammar, punctuation, and spelling mistakes.

They can also further improve the flow and structure of the essay as well as strengthen their argument. The following checklist will help students ensure that they have met all of the requirements of writing an extended essay:

Does my essay have a strong opening “hook” statement?
Are the relevant terms and background information present in the introduction?
Does my introduction end with a strong thesis that introduces my main argument?
Does each of my body paragraphs start with a clear topic sentence that leads to the point of the section?
Is each topic sentence of my body paragraph supported with factual evidence that I can cite?
Does each body paragraph end with a transition statement that ties up the overall point and moves into the next paragraph.
Does my conclusion restate my thesis in a new way?
Does my conclusion contain an overall summarization of my main points without introducing new content?
Does my conclusion wrap itself up with a thought-provoking statement, opinion, or piece of advice?
Are all of the citations included and formatted correctly in my bibliography?
Is there anything else in my essay that could be improved, such as grammar, punctuation, or spelling mistakes?
Does my essay have a minimum of 4000 words?

If the answer to any of the above questions is a ‘no,’ the writer will need to go back and perform revisions so that each of these considerations is met.

Although it may seem like a lot of work, if the student follows these simple steps, they can be assured that they are on their way to writing a high-quality extended essay.

If you are struggling with finding a suitable topic that can be covered in at least 4000 words, here is a list of 110 extended essay topics that will help you.

Extended Essay Topics About History

The role of women in the French Revolution
The impact of the Black Death on European society
The effects of the Industrial Revolution on child labor
The rise and fall of the Roman Empire
The causes and consequences of World War I
The origins and effects of the Cold War
The causes and effects of the French Revolution
The causes and effects of World War II
The process of industrialization in Victorian England
The impact on African Americans from Jim Crow laws
Impact of the French and Indian War on Native Americans
The reasons for the Crusades

Extended Essay Topics About Literature

Literary analysis essay on a poem by John Donne
The theme of death in Hamlet by William Shakespeare
Compare and contrast the two versions of Cinderella
The use of satire in Gulliver’s Travels by Jonathan Swift
The psychological effects of isolation in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald
The role of women in Japanese society as depicted in The Tale of Genji
The impact of war on the individual in All Quiet on the Western Front by Erich Maria Remarque
The effects of betrayal in Oedipus Rex by Sophocles
The power of love in Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare

Extended Essay Topics About Psychology

The nature vs. nurture debate with regards to intelligence
Schizophrenia: its causes and symptoms
The effects of different parenting styles on a child’s development
The link between caffeine and anxiety
The impact of video games on behavior
The benefits of positive reinforcement in the classroom
The use of hypnosis as a form of therapy
How to deal with stress and anxiety
The different schools of thought in psychology

Extended Essay Topics About the Sciences

The impact of climate change on marine life
The effects of pollution on plant life
How does the human body fight infection?
What is photosynthesis, and what are its benefits?
The challenges of space exploration
Genetic editing: pros and cons
The benefits of vaccinations
The history of forensic science
The effects of a changing environment on life expectancy
Why outer space is considered to be a vacuum

Extended Essay Topics About Business and Economics

How different types of incentives affect performance in the workplace
The relationship between inflation and unemployment in the economy
How does the stock market function?
The decision-making process in business
What are different career paths available to someone with a degree in economics?
Who were some of the famous economists throughout history?
Market structure and pricing strategies of monopolies, monopolistic competition, and perfect competition
The effects of globalization on trade
The reasons for imports and exports
Government influence on economic growth

Extended Essay Topics About Education

The effects of homework on academic success
Does standardized testing actually work?
How does the structure of an educational system affect student performance?
Student discipline in the classroom: its effectiveness and alternatives
How does one become a teacher?
What is an alternative to global education?
The contributions of famous philosophers to the educational system
Teaching styles: their effects on student learning
Why is the Common Core important for students?
How can creativity be nurtured in the classroom?

Extended Essay Topics About Religion

The effects of religious beliefs on morality
The different types of religious affiliations
What are some common misconceptions about certain religions?
How do other cultures view Christianity?
What is the relationship between science and religion?
Who were some of the most influential religious figures throughout history?
The similarities and differences between the three Abrahamic religions: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
The reasons for religious extremism
How is religion used as a form of identity?
How can faith be reconciled with reason?
Why does something need to be believed without evidence?
How do different religions portray Heaven and Hell?
How has the use of Hell become less popular in certain religions?
What does the concept of God mean in different religious traditions?
The impact of religious literacy on empathy
How has atheism become more acceptable in society?
The origins of human morality according to religion, science, and philosophy
What is the relationship between moral behavior and self-interest?

Extended Essay Topics About Health

The health benefits and risks of using social media
How does the human body fight disease?
What are the different stages of cell development?
What are the causes and symptoms of anxiety and depression?
How does stress affect the body?
What is an Eating Disorder?
What are the benefits of using aromatherapy?
How does physical activity improve mental health?
What is the relationship between sleep and mental health?
The benefits and risks of using supplements
How does genetics affect human health?
What are the side effects of taking medications?
The impact of drugs on the human body
The reasons for organ donations and transplants
How does obesity affect health?
What are some common side effects of prescription drugs?
What are some natural remedies used to treat asthma?
The effects of electronic cigarettes on human health
The relationship between sleep and diabetes in humans
Can someone be a vegetarian or vegan and still get all of their essential nutrients?
How do different cultures view health differently?

Extended Essay Topics About Math

The different types of numbers and their properties
The history of mathematics
What is the difference between a function and a relation?
Is math discovered or invented?
What are some famous geometric shapes?
What is the golden ratio?
How do fractals relate to Chaos Theory?
Non-Euclidean geometry
The four basic operations and their properties
How do algorithms work?
What is the difference between a prime number and a composite number?

With any of these 110 Extended essay topics, students can start developing a researched-based piece of writing that will demonstrate their ability to write well, think critically, and engage in complex intellectual inquiry.

150 Political Essay Topics
120 College Essay Topics
120 Literary Essay Topics
110 Personal Essay Topics
How to Choose Research Paper Topic

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IB Extended Essay Ideas

What’s covered:, what is the ib extended essay, extended essay examples, how is the ee scored, how does the extended essay affect my admission chances.

The International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme (IBDP or IB) is a rigorous high school program considered to be equivalent to the AP system, if not harder. Along with coursework and examinations in this two-year long program, there are expectations to write an in-depth essay on one subject of your selection, called the Extended Essay (EE). The following article is about the EE and presents ideas for topics to write about.

The EE is an essay required to gain the IBDP and pass the course. It’s not like any regular essay, as it gives the student a chance to write a college-level research paper at an earlier point of their lives, giving them useful exposure for their future endeavors in further education. The essay is written in a single subject of your choosing, giving you six options to choose from. The EE is usually done in one of your HL classes, as it could have more scope to produce a more in-depth paper based on the increased amounts of coursework available in HL.

The essay is expected to be around 4,000 words long, making it not only lengthy to read but time-intensive to produce. This means students must usually figure out which subject they’re writing for early, to give them time to start earlier. The process of planning a draft, along with your appointed EE supervisor, can take up most of your time in the first year of IB (11th grade). It’s common to not start the actual writing until our 2nd year, where you not only have learned enough coursework for the subject, but have also drafted enough to create a well-written essay.

Choosing a topic for the EE can be difficult, but hopefully the ideas and examples in this article can give you some inspiration to create your own.

Given there are 6 subject groups in IB, each with numerous options for those groups it would be nearly impossible to suggest examples for each subject, instead we will show examples for popular subjects. These examples can serve as blueprints for crafting your own ideas!

Example EE Topic 1 – Math HL

Example Topic: Practical Applications and Implementations of the Golden Ratio

This irrational number is often represented visually as such:

This image contains fibonacci vectors, a visual representation of the golden ratio. It’s an interesting concept because it’s a shape/ratio that our brains are seemingly wired to prefer things to take form in, a subconscious level of attraction. Many architects and artists today use this ratio to produce visually appealing works of art, but what other practical applications have risen from this mathematical concept? An EE would be a great way to learn more about this and present it in an interesting manner!

Example EE Topic 2 – Physics SL

Topic: Build Your Own Radio

This topic requires some fundamental understanding of circuitry and electronics, a big component of physics SL and HL. Building a radio requires thorough understanding of currents, resistances and circuit design aspects that are usually best understood through practical, hands-on learning.

This project could also demonstrate your knowledge in waves, specifically radio and microwaves required to operate the radio. If documented right throughout the whole process, this could make for not only a very extensive and interesting EE, but fun as well!

Example EE Topic 3 – English SL/HL

Topic: The Effects Of Shakespearean Literature On Modern English

English EE topics are a bit more difficult than other subjects because it may be the least objective class to write about. That being said, it can also be the most creative EE to write for, with this topic being an ideal example.

Shakespeare contributed lots to literature and writing, especially in the form of plays and dramas, but how can these be observed in modern day literature? Focus on how forms of comedy from Shakespeare’s plays are implemented in modern comedy, or how some forms of artistic expression from that era could be considered problematic today.

To make this better suited for HL, try going more in depth about other forms of literature that draw from Shakespearean influence, and more specific implementations of humor, such as slapstick (just an example of many).

Talk about how literature personally influences you, because this EE is an opportunity to not only present information through research, but to also indulge the reader about yourself and your personality!

IB scores the EE out of 34 points, with 5 letter grades being assigned as boundaries:

A – Excellent	27 to 34
B – Good	21 to 26
C – Satisfactory	14 to 20
D – Mediocre	7 to 13
E – Elementary	0 to 6

EE and Theory of Knowledge (TOK) are graded together along with CAS, to form the “core” of IB which is worth a total of 3 out of 45 points. The following table details this:


	Excellent (A)	Good (B)	Satisfactory (C)	Mediocre (D)	Elementary (E)	Not Submitted
Excellent (A)	3	3	2	2	1 + Failing Condition	N
Good (B)	3	2	1	1	Failing Condition	N
Satisfactory (C)	2	1	1	0	Failing Condition	N
Mediocre (D)	2	1	0	0	Failing Condition	N
Elementary (E)	1 + Failing Condition	Failing Condition	Failing Condition	Failing Condition	Failing Condition	N
Not Submitted	N	N	N	N	N	N

The EE doesn’t have much direct influence on your chances of admission, but learning how to write a great essay through the EE can. The admissions process requires writing a great quality essay to showcase yourself to the office of admissions as best as you can. The EE not only teaches you how to write an informative essay, but a high quality one as well! More factors are also responsible for your chances of admission, and for more info on this check out CollegeVine’s admissions calculator ! This intuitive tool uses your standardized test scores, GPA and more to calculate your chances of admission into a university of your choosing!

Extended essay and 100 extended essay topics

Before we look at some extended essay topics , we first need to understand why students should worry about writing an extended essay.

Established in 1968, the IB (International Baccalaureate) is a global educational foundation that provides students 3 to 19 years old with several educational programs. Over a million students from 4650 schools worldwide have been following the International Baccalaureate programs across 152 nations as per the records of 2017. Out of the total schools, 1700 of such schools are in the United States alone.

Students between the age of 16 and 19 can appear for one of the four International Baccalaureate Programs, which is a Diploma level program. 2016 witnessed over 150,000 students appear for the International Baccalaureate Diploma Program exam. Writing an extended essay is one of the most important aspects of the International Baccalaureate Diploma Program exam and has a huge weightage on the final score.

What is an extended essay, and what is its purpose?

Before looking at extended essay topics , we first need to understand what an extended essay’s purpose is. One of the core parts of the International Baccalaureate Diploma Program exam is the extended essay. To test the student’s research abilities, this essay can be around 3500 to 4000 words long. If students have a low score in the IB extended essay paper or the theory of knowledge paper, their chances of getting the IB diploma becomes slim. On the other hand, a good score means that the student has a high chance of success in their college application.

Though the IB sets the deadlines, the schools have the freedom to set their internal deadlines that students need to follow. The work and presentation of this assignment can last over several academic terms. It includes choosing the extended essay topic for the assignment, submitting proposals, researching information, preparing the first draft, etc.

The layout of an IB extended essay

Before discussing popular extended essay topics , let us first understand the proper structure of an extended essay. The essay can be divided into the following parts.

Title page : The section is used to pose the main research question. For example, can changes in A be affected by changes in B, the registered subject, the category, subject and theme of the essay, including the total word count of the essay.
Contents page : Use this page to list a table of contents using the headings and subheadings that you have used in the essay. Also include the proper page numbers for easy navigation.
Introduction : The section is used to introduce the topic to the readers and discuss the research’s scope and focus.
Body : It is the main section of the essay where you present your discussions, arguments and analysis on the topic. The structure of the body paragraphs depends on the type of essay, but you will need to provide enough evidence to support your arguments.
Conclusion : Provide a complete summary of the essay in conclusion and state the outcomes achieved by this research. Also, use this section to pose open questions to the readers.
Bibliography and references : It is the final section of your essay. Use this section to cite all the sources that you have used to gather data for the essay. The citation style will depend on the discipline that you are in.

Other sections like methodology can also be added if required. You can also add an Appendix section to include any secondary information that you might want to add. However, this is not added to the total word count. Also remember, that there is no need to add an abstract section starting from 2018. Adding it will unnecessarily add up to the word count, so it is good to skip it.

Choosing good extended essay topics

Now that you are familiar with an extended essay and its proper format let us look at some great extended essay topics . Taking up six subjects is mandatory for IB students. One subject must be selected from each of the six subject groups. The only exception is that students can substitute a subject from the art section with any other subject from the remaining five.

Extended essay topics can be chosen by the students as long as they fall in a course from any of the six subject groups. Let us first look at the six groups.

Group 1 : Studies in language and literature- this can include the student’s native language, literature and language, literature and performance.
Group 2 : Language acquisition- It can include a supplementary language.
Group 3 : Individuals and society- It includes subjects like humanities, Information Technology in a Global Society (ITGS), World Religions, Geography, Economics, Psychology, Social and Cultural Anthropology and Global Politics, Philosophy, Business Management, History and Environmental Systems and Societies.
Group 4 : Experimental sciences- It includes subjects like Design Technology, Sport, Exercise and Health Science, Chemistry, Physics, Environmental Systems, Societies and Nature of Science, Computer Science, and Biology.
Group 5 : Mathematics- This includes Mathematics, Mathematical Studies and advanced Mathematics.
Group 6 : Arts- Music, Dance, Theatre, Visual arts, Film and Foreign Languages.

You always prefer to choose extended essay topics that you like since you will need to work on them for several months, perfecting them. Choosing a challenging extended essay topic is fine but ensure that the risks are reasonable. It is a good idea to choose a narrow topic that can be covered well in 4000 words.

Have brainstorm sessions and shortlist several extended essay topics to select an interesting one. Use the internet or other resources to get inspiration about your extended essay topic. You could very well come across a topic that interests you.

Choosing the perfect extended essay topic is not the only challenge while writing the essay. You will also need to ensure that your writing is clear and you have used proper formatting for the essay; remember to proofread several times to ensure that there are no errors in your essay.

100 extended essay topic ideas

Here is a list of several extended essay topics that you can use for your next assignment.

Extended essay topics for biology

Endosymbiotic theory- How eukaryotic cell organelles evolved from prehistoric bacteria.
Fungi- Similarities on a metabolic and molecular scale with plants and animals.
The theory that supports the evolution of life from the ocean floors near hydrothermal vents
Present theories and evidence supporting the biological mechanisms responsible for the growing rate of allergic diseases in developed nations
The use of relative frequency of blood groups from different geographic regions to track the migration of early humans
How breeding over the centuries have helped to domesticate dogs.
How several organisms use magnetoreception for navigation.
Modelling entire organisms in using computers: The benefits and advances
How have adaptive traits evolved in humans over the years?
Finding traces of Neanderthal DNA in European people.

Extended essay topics for psychology

Analyzing prominent historical figures through the lens of Maslow’s theory of hierarchy of needs.
The effect of an abusive childhood while growing up.
How unstable are memories, and how easy is it to alter memories while replaying them?
Treating phobias using novel methods.
Cognitive Behavioural therapy for self-help therapies
How to take control over your dreams?
How multiple personality disorder is accelerated by trauma.
Spaced Repetition: its importance in learning and modern productivity tools that use this method.
Focused and diffuse model of learning and their differences

Extended essay topics for English

Analyzing the sources and origins of new words in English (Neologism).
How do the rules of language and grammar shape our thoughts and ideas themselves?
Tracing the origin and evolution of naturalized English words from ancient Sanskrit.
The systematic differences between American and US English
The different words assimilated from other languages during the colonial era that has gained popularity
The evolution of the English language and the influence of French on English
The general systematization of distinctive patterns in phonetics is found in American English.
Word ranking according to the popularity that has been borrowed in English from foreign languages.
The learning curve involving English when compared to other languages.
The most borrowed Spanish words into the English language

Extended essay topics for literature

The distinctive writing style of Gabriel Garcia Marquez.
Slaughterhouse-five by Kurt Vonnegut: An analysis of the postmodern elements.
The use of artificial languages in literature: Limitations, features etc.
Macbeth: The analysis of supernatural elements.
The evolution of how an ideal woman is portrayed in literature.
Kafka’s Metamorphosis and depiction of human nature.
Daniel Keyes’s Flowers for Algernon: Analyzing the idea of intelligence being a gift and a curse.
The major misinterpretation of Steppenwolf by Herman Hesse.
Interpreting Bob Dylan’s literature Nobel prize and the potential controversy.
Various literature Nobel prize winners and the major stylistic innovations brought by them.
Analyzing the geographical evidence that supports the theory of the origin of species put forward by Charles Darwin.
The effect of climate change on the Great Barrier Reef and extensive coral bleaching
The effect of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on the ecosystem of the Caribbean Sea
Unsuitable irrigation techniques result in salt accumulation in the soil.
The impact of climate change on the oceanic currents
How to prevent major power outages due to solar storms?
Neanderthal extinction and its link with the super-eruption of Mount Vesuvius
The impact of climate change on the stability of polar vortex
Thawing of the permafrost in Siberia and the methane volume that is waiting to be released
How has the use of fertilizers impacted the ecosystem of the Mississippi River?

Extended essay topics for history

The significance of the discovery of the Rosetta stone.
Analysis of the oldest human civilizations using carbon dating and archaeological data.
Black people’s right to property during the Reconstruction period after the Civil War.
Corruption and deception to pass the 13th Amendment by Lincoln.
Analyzing the reasons why western nations were able to dominate the world throughout history.
Estimating the deaths due to the pandemic after the Spanish colonizers landed in South America.
The evolving rhetoric of Roosevelt during World War 2 about going against the Nazis.
Nazi Germany’s dual invasion of USSR and Poland in 1939.
The history of the Terracotta Army and its representation of the ancient Chinese civilization.
How the Japanese used human-piloted torpedoes during the second world war.

Extended essay topics for physics

Quantum Entanglement and the experimental evidence supporting it.
Recreating the solar, nuclear reactions back on Earth as means of harnessing limitless energy.
Prince Rupert’s drops and the amazing physics behind it.
Earth’s magnetic field and the underlying physical mechanisms that are involved.
How the Big Bang is supported by the discovery of the cosmic microwave background.
Supporting the theory of an expanding universe by studying the redshift of light travelling from distant galaxies.
The generation, propagation, and detection of gravitational waves.
How do space telescope arrays work?
Laminar flow and its physical properties that allow implementation in the field of biosecurity, decoration, etc.
Explaining the phenomenon of flashing lights before some earthquakes.

Extended essay topics for Film

Chaplin’s films and the elements of social protests portrayed in the films
Guy Ritchie’s filming techniques.
How does the rating in IMDb translate to national and international awards?
Depiction of masculinity in Fight Club and the evolution in modern times
How cinematography manipulates timelines in several ways?
The distorted portrayal of science in Sci-Fi films
The innovative technique of moving cameras is used in films like the Matrix
How modern-day computers help in creating films.
Why are films shot at 24 frames per second, and how to avoid the “Soap-opera” effect?

Extended essay topics for economics

How NAFTA impacts the corn producers of Mexico?
How having functional democratic institutions is linked with economic wealth worldwide.
How China was able to propel its economy using modern strategies and advantages.
How have offshore financial centres become a significant cause of obscurity in global economics, and how to impose transparency.
Handling taxes in a corporate world.
Classifying the world’s largest corporations.
Global economics and the effect of an ageing population
How was South Korea able to turn around its economy?
The recent discovery of huge rare metal deposits in Japan and its implications
The implications of AI on the jobs and the economy of the

Extended essay topics for world religion studies

Representation of Jesus Christ in Islam and Judaism.
How is Buddhism focused on understanding human nature and experiences?
The branches of Buddhism and the main differences.
The different religions of the world and the common elements shared by them.
The various myths surrounding the formation of the universe.
The idea of Heaven and Hell in Christianity.
How various religions across the world interpret life after death.
The importance of missionary behaviour in expanding religions.
How differences between Buddhists and Christians in their outlook towards science.
The idea of good vs Evil in humans across the religions of the world.

With 100 great extended essay topics to choose from, find the one that interests you the most and get started with your IB extended essay.

FAQs on Extended Essay

What is the basic structure of an ib extended essay.

IB extended essays are divided into six main parts. These include the title page, page of contents, introduction, body paragraphs, conclusion, references, and bibliography section.

How long should an extended essay be?

IB extended essays have a typical length of up to 4000 words.

How do you choose good extended essay topics?

While choosing your extended essay topic, ensure to find a topic that motivates and interests you since you will have to work for months perfecting it before submission. Plus, the extended essay plays a vital role in the International Baccalaureate Diploma Program exam.

What are the subject groups that IB students have to choose from?

IB students can choose from six subject groups: Language and Literature, Language Acquisition, Individuals and societies, Experimental Sciences, Mathematics, and Arts.

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Literature Extended Essay Topics for IB Students

Writing your Literature Extended Essay is a significant milestone in your IB Diploma Programme . Having gone through this process myself, I’ve gained valuable insights along the way. Now, I’m eager to offer guidance that can help you succeed. Choosing the ideal topic is crucial; it can transform this assignment from a basic requirement into fascinating personal academic research.

Understanding the Literature Extended Essay

Let’s look at what the Literature Extended Essay involves. According to the general IB criteria, this assignment offers an excellent opportunity to engage in a literary analysis or investigation of genuine interest. It is a unique platform to showcase your analytical skills, ability to construct a compelling argument, and, most importantly, your passion for literature. In my extensive experience, I’ve found that students who choose topics that resonate with them write perfect works and find the research process deeply satisfying and enlightening.

The nature of the Literature Extended Essay is not simply to fulfill a requirement. This paper encourages you to become a critical thinker, to question and analyze the narratives and voices that have shaped literary discourse. Whether it’s investigating the intricate layers of character development, the nuanced use of symbolism and theme, or the impact of historical and cultural contexts on literature, the Extended Essay challenges you to go far from just reading. It invites you to actively participate in the literary conversation, bringing your insights and interpretations.

In addition, the Literature Extended Essay is an exercise in academic rigor and discipline. It requires you to hone your research skills, critically examine multiple sources, and synthesize your findings into a coherent and persuasive argument. This process is beneficial not only to your academic growth but can also help to develop skills invaluable in real life: analytical thinking, effective communication, and the ability to engage with complex ideas critically.

So, this paper is an opportunity to leave your mark on the literary world and add your voice to the ongoing dialogue about what it means to be human, as reflected in literature.

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IB Literature Extended Essay Topics and Research Questions

Below are a few topics with accompanying research questions that span various literary genres, periods, and themes. These ideas may inspire you to think critically about literature and its myriad interpretations:

The Evolution of the Tragic Hero in Classical vs. Modern Literature . How has the concept of the tragic hero evolved from classical Greek tragedies to contemporary literature?
Gender Dynamics in 19th Century Literature . How do Jane Austen’s novels critique the gender dynamics and societal expectations of the 19th century?
The Influence of Colonialism on Postcolonial Literature . How does Chinua Achebe’s “Things Fall Apart” depict the impacts of colonialism on traditional African society?
The Representation of Mental Illness in Modernist Literature . How do Virginia Woolf’s novels reflect the modernist perspective on mental illness and its social implications?
The Role of Nature in Romantic Poetry . How do William Wordsworth’s poems portray nature, and what role does it play in expressing romantic ideals?
Dystopian Visions: A Comparison of 20th vs. 21st Century Literature . How do the dystopian visions in George Orwell’s “1984” compare with those in Margaret Atwood’s “The Handmaid’s Tale”?
The Quest for Identity in Adolescent Literature . How is the quest for personal identity depicted in J.D. Salinger’s “The Catcher in the Rye”?
Magic Realism and Cultural Identity . How does Gabriel García Márquez use magic realism in “One Hundred Years of Solitude” to research themes of cultural identity?
The Gothic Tradition: Fear and Morality . In what ways does Mary Shelley’s “Frankenstein” use gothic elements to depict themes of morality and human fear?
Satire and Social Commentary in “The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.” How does Mark Twain use satire in “The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn” to comment on the social issues of his time?
The Symbolism of the Travelling in Literature . How is the travel motif used symbolically in Homer’s “The Odyssey” and its significance in the context of ancient Greek society?
Feminism and the Subversion of Gender Roles in Literature . How do the works of Charlotte Perkins Gilman, specifically “The Yellow Wallpaper,” subvert traditional gender roles?
The Concept of Justice in “To Kill a Mockingbird.” How does Harper Lee’s “To Kill a Mockingbird” show the concept of justice within the context of racial inequality in America?
The Impact of War on the Human Spirit in Hemingway’s Works . How do Ernest Hemingway’s wartime experiences influence his portrayal of the human spirit in “A Farewell to Arms”?
Literary Devices in Depicting Cultural Clash in “The Joy Luck Club.” What literary devices does Amy Tan use in “The Joy Luck Club” to depict the clash of cultures between Chinese immigrant mothers and their American-born daughters?
The Depiction of the American Dream in 20th Century American Literature . How is the American Dream portrayed and critiqued in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s “The Great Gatsby”?
The Role of the Supernatural in Shakespeare’s Plays . How does William Shakespeare use supernatural elements in “Macbeth” to influence characters and advance the plot?
The Concept of Freedom in Post-War American Literature . How do Jack Kerouac’s “On the Road” and other Beat Generation works depict the theme of freedom in post-war America?
The Research of Existentialism in European Literature . How is existentialism represented in Albert Camus’ “The Stranger”?
The Representation of Race and Identity in Contemporary African American Literature . How does Toni Morrison’s “Beloved” show the complexities of race and identity in post-Civil War America?
The Use of Mythology in Modern Fantasy Literature . How does J.R.R. Tolkien incorporate Norse and Anglo-Saxon mythology elements in “The Lord of the Rings” series?
The Literary Portrayal of Women during the Victorian Era . How do the female characters in Charlotte Brontë’s “Jane Eyre” challenge Victorian-era norms and expectations?
The Impact of Digital Culture on Contemporary Literature . How do novels like Dave Eggers’ “The Circle” reflect societal concerns about digital culture and privacy?
The Psychological Depth in the Characters of Chekhov’s Short Stories . How does Anton Chekhov use psychological realism to develop complex characters in his short stories?
The theme of Isolation in 20th-Century Poetry . How do the poems of T.S. Eliot, particularly “The Waste Land,” convey themes of isolation and alienation in the 20th century?
The Evolution of the Bildungsroman Genre in European Literature . How does “The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling” by Henry Fielding exemplify the evolution of the Bildungsroman genre?
The Depiction of Political Upheaval in Latin American Literature . How is political upheaval and its impact on individuals depicted in Isabel Allende’s “The House of the Spirits”?
The Influence of the French Revolution on British Romantic Poetry . How did the French Revolution influence the themes and styles of British Romantic poets such as William Blake and William Wordsworth?
The Use of Satire in Dystopian Literature . How is satire used to critique societal norms in Aldous Huxley’s “Brave New World”?
The Depiction of Artificial Intelligence in Science Fiction Literature . How does Philip K. Dick’s “Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?” depict the ethical implications of artificial intelligence and what it means to be human?
The Representation of Urban Landscapes in Modernist Poetry . How do poets like T.S. Eliot and Ezra Pound depict urban landscapes to reflect the complexities of modern life?
Family Dynamics in Contemporary Drama . How do modern playwrights like Tracy Letts use family dynamics to explore themes of dysfunction and reconciliation?
The Influence of Fairy Tales on Modern Fantasy Literature . How have traditional fairy tales influenced the narrative structures and themes in J.K. Rowling’s “Harry Potter” series?
The Literary Portrayal of Historical Revolutions . How is the French Revolution depicted in Charles Dickens’ “A Tale of Two Cities”?
Religion and Morality in Medieval Literature . How are themes of religion and morality intertwined in Dante Alighieri’s “The Divine Comedy”?
The Evolution of the Female Protagonist in 20th Century Literature . How have female protagonists in literature evolved from the early to late 20th century, particularly in works by Virginia Woolf and Toni Morrison?
Cross-Cultural Conflicts in Immigrant Literature . How do authors like Amy Tan and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie portray cross-cultural conflicts in their narratives?
The Role of Dreams in Symbolic Literature . How are dreams used as a symbolic element in Franz Kafka’s “The Metamorphosis”?
The Depiction of Suburban Life in American Literature . How does John Cheever use the setting of the American suburbs to critique societal norms and values?
The Influence of Classical Literature on Modern Dystopian Works . How are themes from classical literature reinterpreted in modern dystopian novels like Suzanne Collins’ “The Hunger Games”?
The Role of Silence in Dramatic Literature . How is silence used as a dramatic tool in Harold Pinter’s plays?
The Literary Treatment of Exile and Displacement . How does Salman Rushdie address themes of exile and displacement in “Midnight’s Children”?
Satirical Techniques in 21st-Century Political Novels . What satirical techniques are used in Gary Shteyngart’s “Super Sad True Love Story” to critique political and cultural issues?
The Portrayal of Rural Settings in Southern Gothic Literature . How do rural settings enhance the themes of decay and grotesqueness in Flannery O’Connor’s stories?
Mental Health Themes in Contemporary Young Adult Literature . How is mental health portrayed in John Green’s novels?
The Role of the Sea in Literature . How is the sea used as a symbol in Ernest Hemingway’s “The Old Man and the Sea”?
The Depiction of War in Children’s Literature . How is the theme of war depicted in Michael Morpurgo’s “War Horse”?
The Concept of Heroism in Epic Poetry . How is the concept of heroism explored in Homer’s “Iliad”?
The Impact of Globalization on Contemporary Literature . How does globalization affect cultural identity in Zadie Smith’s “White Teeth”?
The Representation of Time and Memory in Magical Realism . How do authors like Isabel Allende in “The House of the Spirits” use magical realism to depict themes of time and memory?

Feel free to discuss your ideas with your advisor or peers. In my experience, feedback at the idea stage is precious, offering new perspectives and helping to refine your focus.

Tips for Choosing Literature Extended Essay Topics

Here are some tips from years of guiding students and my experiences to help you choose the best possible topic.

1. Start with Your Passions

Firstly, reflect on the works of literature that have moved you, intrigued you, or left you with questions. Your enthusiasm for a topic will make the research process more enjoyable and shine through in your writing. Essays grounded in genuine interest and passion are more compelling and insightful.

2. Research Broadly at First

Before narrowing down your topic, research a wide range of literature. This broad initial sweep is crucial for uncovering hidden gems and unexpected angles that might not be immediately obvious.

3. Consider the Scope

A common pitfall is choosing a topic that is too broad (or too narrow). The perfect topic is one that allows you to investigate in-depth without being overwhelmed by too much information or, conversely, struggling to find enough. Formulating a focused research question early on can help maintain the right balance.

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4. Check the Availability of Resources

Before committing to a topic, ensure access to the necessary resources (primary texts, scholarly articles, and other academic works). As I know too well, there’s nothing more frustrating than choosing a topic only to find that the resources you need are inaccessible.

5. Consider Relevance

Consider how your topic connects to broader themes, contexts, or issues. According to general IB criteria, essays that demonstrate an understanding of the broader significance of the studied literature tend to score higher. I think these connections in your essay make it more impactful.

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Choosing the right Literature Extended Essay topic allows you to engage deeply with texts, develop your analytical skills, and contribute to literary discussions. I’ve learned that passion, perseverance, and a critical eye are your best tools for this task. So, choose a topic that resonates and start writing your best work.

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The IB Extended Essay: Topic ideas and research Questions

Details of the EE
Topic ideas and research Questions
Subject Guides & documents you need
Writing a research paper
Check the list of available subjects here
Read the IB's criteria for your subject
Read an exemplar essay in your subject
Decide on a topic within this subject
This means you will need to do some research!
During the first meeting with your advisor, discuss the research you've done, your ideas, and the requirements for your subject.
Your revised research question proposal is due May 16.

Adapted from O'Farrell, Finbar. Approach your assessment the IB Way: Extended Essay. pg. 13

Examples of marked EEs in all subjects

From the IB website Have a look at the specific subject you plan on writing your EE for a marked example. You will be able to identify what you need to be successful.

Design Technology

Guide on writing an EE in DT The pdf explains everything clearly and is full of ideas and topics to write about.

Question: Has the introduction of new materials improved the performance of modern racing bicycles?

Question: What are the most ethical and efficient methods--through current technologies--private organizations can use to make Mars habitable for Human life?

History or Geography

Question : In what ways did the Cold War impact American public education? Question: To what extent have Maori non-violent struggles for their land been effective? Question: How could the UN intervention in the Rwandan genocide be justified? Question :Is it politically possible for the US government to win the drugs war? (Politics)

Question: How are the depictions of Marie Antoinette in politics and portraiture significant to the French revolution and the fall of the French Monarchy?

Question: To what extent was film able to further pro-Nazi sentiment in Germany during the early 1930s to mid 1940s?

Question: To what extent were the Vietnam War and cultural shifts occurring in the 1960s and early 1970s vital factors in the development of the student activism on college campuses in the United States and abroad?

Question: To what extent was Matthew Perry’s 1853 arrival in Edo Bay the leading motivator for Japan’s rapid modernization during the Meiji Restoration?

Question: What made the Federal Theatre Project such a success when after only four years of operation it was disbanded by the House of un-American Activities Committee?

Question: To what extent were Kepler’s scientific discoveries revolutionary and how did they impact the development of science in Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries?

Question: In what ways did the Hitler Youth organization impact the youth of Nazi Germany?

Question: How did the works of classical Greek philosophers influence the domestic policy of Thomas Jefferson?

Question: How did the Bushido Code influence the meaning of tattoos in Asian culture?

Question: In what way did the Catholic Church affect politics in the Kingdom of Spain during the Dark Ages?

Question: What are the impacts of melting ice in the North and South Poles on the coastlines of the continental United States?

English EEs - ideas for Language and Literature

The EE Guide says the following on p 112 (EE Guide 2018, revised Jan 2017) - remember EACH subject has their own EE guides too.

Quote The EE may relate to work students have already completed during the course, but they must also demonstrate relevant wider reading and individual study. It is the responsibility of the student to ensure that the topic of their EE does not overlap with any other work they are preparing for assessment in language A—for example, the written assignment in the literature course, or the written task in the language and literature course.

Question: How did Eugene Gladstone O'Neill express the themes of family relationship and sadness in his work Long Day's Journey Into Night?

Question: How does the writing of Japanese horror artist and novelist Junji Ito contrast with the writing of American horror novelist Stephen King?

Question: How do the final movies of the Harry Potter series compare to the final book? What has been changed or depicted differently in terms of characterization and storylines?

Sport Science

Question: How does age affect the process of instant muscle reaction?

Economics or ITGS

Question: What impact does public healthcare have on low income households in the United States compared to those in Canada?

Question: To what extent has deforestation influenced Indonesia's economic and environmental growth?

Physics, Chemistry or Biology Ideas

Question: How have climate change and forestry practices contributed to the spread of the mountain pine beetle in the Pacific Northwest in recent decades, and what does the outbreak show us about the ecological intricacies of climate change?

Question: What evidence is there to support the theory of life on Mars?

Question: How does the DNA sequence of a transthyretin (TTR) gene affect whether Familial Amyloidotic Polyneuropathy (FAP), Familial Amyloidotic Cardiomyopathy (FAC) or Senile Systemic Amyloidosis (SSA) form?

Arts - Visual/Performing

Question : What female stereotypes did Brecht employ in his plays, and how can these be compared and contrasted in performance, based on an analysis of a selection of Brecht's plays? Question : Picasso: individual genius or cultural thief?

Question: How does Rachmaninoff apply thematic development in his composition, Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini ?

Question: How do the Peanuts comics, written by Charles Schultz, show visual language?

Question: How did the casting of the leading lady in Cole Porter's Anything Goes affect each production on Broadway?

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IB EE examples for all subjects

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the change in corporate leadership at apple inc. from steve jobs to tim cook impacted the company's innovation and product development, fluid’s density effect on falling objects, to what extent will toyota’s diversification help increase business revenues and market share, to what extent does vivienne westwood's sustainable fashion initiatives provide it with a competitive advantage over other luxury brands, to what extent were queer people liberated in weimar germany, 1919-1933, to what extent does market-oriented approach give netflix, inc. a competitive advantage in the streaming entertainment industry, how is the lift at various angles of attack affected by flap deflection angles, to what extent do different species of chili pepper consumption biologically affect the rate of lipid digestion in terms of ph change within 30 minutes, to what extent do phytochemicals such as resveratrol, glyceollin and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg) possess comparable antibacterial effects against 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50 Best Informative Essay Topics

Informative essays have a unique place in academic writing. They do not persuade the audience to hold one view as argumentative essays do or narrate stories as narrative essays do.

Fredrick Eghosa

Aug 27, 2024

Table of Contents

Key Takeaways

What is an informative essay, what makes a good informative essay, tips for choosing an informative essay topic, how to do research, general list of informative essay topics, list of 50 informative essay topics according to different student categories, informative essay topics for medical students, informative essay topics for law students, informative essay topics for engineering students, informative essay topics for political science students, informative essay topics for computer science students, informative essay topics for veterinary medicine students, informative essay topics for music students, informative essay topics for mass communication students, informative essay topics for botany students, informative essay topics for mathematics students.

Informative essays educate readers without persuading or narrating. They provide clear, organized, and objective information on a given topic, making complex concepts understandable.
What makes a good informative essay?
Clarity : The information should be presented clearly and straightforwardly. Avoid using jargon or overly complex language that might confuse your reader.
Objectivity : Unlike persuasive essays, informative essays should be neutral. Your job is to present the facts, not to sway the reader’s opinion.
Engagement : Use accounts, samples, and fascinating observations to make the essay interesting.
Thoroughness : To be an informative essay, it must cover the essence of that particular topic.
Structure : Informative essays should have a clear structure with an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion just like any other type of essay.
Pinpoint Your Passion: Reflect on aspects that you find captivating. If you are passionate about the subject, your writing will be exciting for the reader hence, making it more appealing.
Consider their interests and knowledge of the subject matter . Who’s going to read your essay? The answer to this question will help you choose an informative and exciting theme suitable for the audience.
The Impact of Social Media on Mental Health : Explore how platforms like Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter affect the mental well-being of users. Discuss the psychological effects, both positive and negative, and examine how social media can contribute to issues like anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem.
The Evolution of the Internet : Trace the development of the Internet from its early days to the present. Highlight key milestones such as the invention of the World Wide Web, the rise of social media, and the shift to mobile internet usage.
The History of the Civil Rights Movement : An in-depth look at the key events and figures in the fight for civil rights in the United States. Explore the impact of leaders like Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X, and discuss how the movement influenced subsequent social justice efforts.
The Process of Photosynthesis : A scientific exploration of how plants convert sunlight into energy. Explain the chemical reactions involved, and discuss how factors like light intensity, water availability, and carbon dioxide levels influence the process.
The Role of Women in World War II : Discuss the various roles women played during WWII, from working in factories to serving in the military. Explore how these contributions challenged traditional gender roles and paved the way for future advancements in women's rights.
The Effects of Global Warming : Examine the causes, effects, and potential solutions to global warming. Discuss the role of greenhouse gases, deforestation, and fossil fuel consumption in driving climate change, and explore strategies for mitigating its impact.
The Benefits of Meditation : Explore the physical and mental health benefits of regular meditation practice. Discuss how meditation can reduce stress, improve concentration, and enhance emotional well-being, as well as provide tips for incorporating meditation into daily life.
The History of Space Exploration : A look at the major milestones in humanity’s quest to explore the cosmos. Discuss the achievements of space agencies like NASA and ESA, and explore the challenges and prospects of space travel.
How Vaccines Work : Explain the science behind vaccines and their role in preventing diseases. Discuss the principles of immunity, the development of vaccines, and their impact on public health.
The History of Artificial Intelligence : Trace the development of AI from its inception to modern-day applications. Explore the ethical implications of AI, its role in industries like healthcare and finance, and the future possibilities of AI technology.
The Impact of Fast Food on Health : Discuss the health risks associated with consuming fast food regularly. Explore the links between fast food and obesity, heart disease, and diabetes, and consider the social and economic factors that contribute to the popularity of fast food.
The Science Behind Climate Change : An exploration of the scientific principles that explain climate change. Discuss the evidence for climate change, the role of human activity, and the potential consequences for ecosystems and human societies.
The History of the Olympic Games : A look at the origins and evolution of the world’s most famous sporting event. Discuss the ancient Greek roots of the Olympics, the revival of the modern Games, and the role of the Olympics in promoting international peace and unity.
The Role of Genetics in Human Behavior : Discuss how genes influence behavior and personality traits. Explore the nature vs. nurture debate, and examine the role of genetics in mental health, intelligence, and social behavior.
The Impact of Technology on Education : Explore how technology has changed the way we learn and teach. Discuss the rise of online learning, the use of digital tools in the classroom, and the challenges and opportunities of integrating technology into education.
The Benefits of Renewable Energy : Discuss the advantages of using renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydroelectric power. Explore how these energy sources can reduce greenhouse gas emissions, create jobs, and promote energy independence.
The History of Feminism : An exploration of the feminist movement and its impact on society. Discuss the different waves of feminism, the key figures and events that shaped the movement, and the ongoing struggles for gender equality.
The Science of Sleep : Examine the physiological and psychological processes that occur during sleep. Discuss the stages of sleep, the importance of sleep for health, and the impact of sleep disorders like insomnia and sleep apnea.
The Evolution of Language : A look at how languages develop and change over time. Discuss the origins of human language, the factors that influence language evolution, and the impact of globalization on language diversity.
The Role of the United Nations in World Peace : Discuss the role of the UN in promoting peace and security around the world. Explore the history of the UN, its key achievements and challenges, and its ongoing efforts to address global conflicts.
The Science of Memory : Explore the processes involved in forming, storing, and retrieving memories. Discuss the different types of memory, the role of the brain in memory, and the factors that can affect memory, such as age, stress, and sleep.
The Impact of Video Games on Youth : Discuss the effects of video games on the physical and mental health of young people. Explore the potential benefits of video games, such as improved cognitive skills and social interaction, as well as the risks, such as addiction and violent behavior.
The History of the Internet : A look at the development of the Internet and its impact on society. Discuss the key milestones in the history of the Internet, such as the creation of the World Wide Web, the rise of social media, and the shift to mobile Internet usage.
The Science Behind Addiction : Discuss the biological and psychological factors that contribute to addiction. Explore the role of neurotransmitters, genetics, and environmental factors in addiction, and consider the challenges of treatment and recovery.
The Benefits of Exercise for Mental Health : Explore the positive effects of physical activity on mental health. Discuss how exercise can reduce stress, anxiety, and depression, and provide tips for incorporating exercise into a daily routine.
The Role of Art in Society : Discuss the importance of art in culture and society. Explore how art reflects and shapes social values, and consider the role of art in promoting social change and personal expression.
The History of Medicine : A look at the development of medical knowledge and practices over time. Discuss the key milestones in the history of medicine, such as the discovery of antibiotics, the development of vaccines, and the rise of modern medical technologies.
The Science of Nutrition : Explore the principles of nutrition and how they affect health. Discuss the role of macronutrients and micronutrients in the body, the importance of a balanced diet, and the impact of nutrition on disease prevention and overall well-being.
The Impact of Pollution on the Environment : Discuss the various forms of pollution, such as air, water, and soil pollution, and their effects on ecosystems and human health. Explore the causes of pollution, the consequences for biodiversity, and the efforts to reduce pollution and protect the environment.
The History of Democracy : A look at the origins and development of democratic systems of government. Discuss the key principles of democracy, the evolution of democratic institutions, and the challenges faced by modern democracies around the world.
The Science of Genetics : Explore the principles of genetics and their applications in medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology. Discuss the role of DNA in inheritance, the impact of genetic mutations, and the ethical implications of genetic research.
The Role of Technology in Healthcare : Discuss how technological advancements are transforming the healthcare industry. Explore the impact of telemedicine, electronic health records, and medical devices on patient care, and consider the challenges and opportunities of integrating technology into healthcare.
The History of the Renaissance : A look at the cultural and intellectual revival that took place in Europe during the Renaissance. Discuss the key figures and achievements of the Renaissance, such as Leonardo da Vinci, and Michelangelo, and the development of humanism, and explore the impact of the Renaissance on art, science, and society.
The Science Behind Vaccines : Discuss the principles of immunology and how vaccines work to prevent diseases. Explore the history of vaccine development, the role of vaccines in public health, and the challenges of vaccine distribution and acceptance.
The Impact of Globalization on Culture : Discuss how globalization is shaping cultural identities around the world. Explore the exchange of cultural practices, the rise of global media, and the challenges of preserving cultural diversity in a globalized world.
The History of the Industrial Revolution : A look at the social, economic, and technological changes that took place during the Industrial Revolution. Discuss the key inventions and innovations of the period, such as the steam engine and the spinning Jenny, and explore the impact of the Industrial Revolution on society, labor, and the environment.
The Science of Evolution : Explore the principles of evolutionary biology and how species evolve. Discuss the evidence for evolution, the role of natural selection, and the impact of evolutionary theory on our understanding of life on Earth.
The Role of Music in Human Culture : Discuss the importance of music in human societies throughout history. Explore how music is used in rituals, celebrations, and social movements, and consider the impact of music on emotion, cognition, and identity.
The History of the Civil Rights Movement : A look at the struggle for civil rights in the United States. Discuss the key events and figures of the movement, such as the Montgomery Bus Boycott and the March on Washington, and explore the impact of the civil rights movement on American society and politics.
The Science Behind Artificial Intelligence : Discuss the principles of artificial intelligence and how AI technologies are being used in various industries. Explore the potential benefits and risks of AI, and consider the ethical implications of AI development.
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The Role of Education in Society : Discuss the importance of education in shaping individuals and societies. Explore the impact of education on social mobility, economic development, and cultural preservation, and consider the challenges of providing quality education for all.
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Economics Essay Topics: Writing Ideas for Students

Writing an economics essay is all about analyzing how money, markets, and policies shape our everyday lives. Whether you're breaking down the effects of a recession or looking at how trade deals impact jobs, these essays give you a chance to explore real-world economic issues.

Let’s face it, understanding economics isn’t just for class — it’s for life. After all, the global economy is worth over $100 trillion , and what happens in one corner of the world can ripple across the globe.

This article is here to make your life easier by offering a variety of economics essay topics to choose from. From microeconomics to broader global trends, there’s something here for everyone.

And if, after going through the list, you still feel unsure about your topic or how to start your essay, DoMyEssay is here to help. Our economics essay writing service can assist you with everything from picking your topic to creating a well-researched essay.

So, take a look, find a topic that interests you, and start writing with confidence!

How to Choose an Economics Essay Topic?

When it comes to choosing an economics essay topic, the right choice can make your essay more engaging and focused. Here are some practical tips to help you out:

Step	What to Consider
💡 Your Interests	Think about what parts of economics interest you the most. Are you curious about how global economies and markets work, or are you more interested in the economics of everyday life? Picking something you care about will make the research and essay writing process smoother.
📈 Current Trends	Look at what’s happening in the world right now. Economic trends like inflation, the rise of digital currencies, or global trade agreements are hot topics that offer plenty of material for discussion. Choosing a topic that’s timely can add relevance to your essay.
🔍 Scope	Your topic should be neither too broad nor narrow. For example, "Global Trade" might be too wide, but "The Impact of Recent Trade Agreements on Emerging Markets" could be just right. You want a topic that you can cover thoroughly within your essay’s length.
🌍 Relevance and Impact	Choose a topic that’s not only interesting to you but also relevant to the current economic climate. Think about the implications of your topic — will it help people understand a significant issue or challenge?
💬 Brainstorm and Discuss	Don’t be afraid to brainstorm ideas and talk them over with classmates or professors. Sometimes, a fresh perspective can help you turn your topic into something solid.

Economics Essay Topics For Students

When it comes to writing economics essays, choosing the right topic can set the stage for a great paper. Below, you’ll find a list of economics essay topics tailored specifically for students at different academic levels, starting with those suitable for high school.

Economics Essay Topics for High School

Economics might seem a bit complex, but it’s all around us, even in things we deal with every day. The topics below are all about connecting big ideas to stuff we’re all familiar with, making it easier (and maybe even a little fun) to explore the subject:

The Impact of Rising Minimum Wage on Teenage Employment Rates
How Inflation in 2024 is Affecting the Cost of School Supplies
The Role of Supply and Demand in the Popularity of Streaming Services
Analyzing the Economic Effects of Fast Fashion on Local Clothing Stores
The Influence of Social Media Advertising on Teen Spending Habits
How Online Shopping Discounts Affect Consumer Spending Behavior Among Teens
The Economics Behind the Increasing Cost of College Tuition
The Effect of Government Subsidies on Electric Vehicle Adoption Among Teens
How the 2024 Inflation Surge is Impacting Family Grocery Budgets
The Economic Benefits of Recycling Programs in High Schools

Economics Essay Topics for College Students

As a college student, you’re ready to deal with more complex economic issues with real-world implications. The topics below are designed to push your understanding and analysis to the next level:

The Impact of the European Union Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism on Global Trade
How Remote Work Trends Are Reshaping Urban Economic Landscapes in Major U.S. Cities
Central Bank Digital Currencies and Their Role in Reducing Transaction Costs in International Trade
Analyzing the Effects of the U.S. Student Loan Forgiveness Policy on Consumer Spending and Savings Behavior
The Economic Consequences of Supply Chain Disruptions in the Semiconductor Industry on Technology Markets
The Influence of Environmental, Social, and Governance Criteria on Investment Strategies in Emerging Markets
How China's Belt and Road Initiative Affects Economic Growth and Debt Sustainability in Participating Countries
The Economic Effect of Minimum Wage Increases on Small Businesses in Rural vs. Urban Areas in the U.S.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Carbon Taxation Policies in Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the EU
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Labor Market Displacement and Economic Inequality in the Tech Industry

Economics Essay Topics for University Students

When you’re at the university level, economics essays push you to think critically about complex issues. The topics below are meant to challenge your understanding and give you a chance to explore specific, real-world economic situations that matter today:

The Impact of Bitcoin Adoption on Financial Stability and Monetary Policy in Developing Nations
How U.S.-China Trade Tariffs Are Reshaping Global Supply Chains and Emerging Markets in 2024
The Role of Federal Reserve Rate Hikes in Managing 2024’s Inflation and Their Effect on Consumer Spending
Brexit’s Long-Term Economic Impact on the UK Financial Sector and Global Competitiveness
The Influence of Automation and AI on Wage Gaps and Employment in the Global Manufacturing Industry
Mitigating Supply Chain Risks: Lessons from the 2020-2024 Semiconductor Shortages
The Effectiveness of Carbon Credits in Reducing Global Emissions and Their Economic Impact in 2024
Japan’s Aging Population: Economic Implications for Public Healthcare and Workforce Productivity
The Impact of Finland’s Universal Basic Income Trials on Poverty Reduction and Economic Sustainability
Post-2008 Financial Reforms: Are Global Banking Systems More Resilient to Future Economic Crises?

Struggling with Your Economics Essay?

Whether it's choosing the perfect topic or writing a compelling analysis, our experts are here to help.

Economics Essay Topics by Categories

Economics covers a broad range of topics, from individual consumer behavior to global financial systems. To help you focus on what interests you most, we’ve broken down economics essay topics into specific categories.

Microeconomics Essay Topics

Microeconomics looks at the small-scale economic activities that affect individual consumers and businesses. Here are some specific topics to explore:

The Long-Term Effects of Government Price Controls on Consumer Demand for Essential Goods
How Minimum Wage Increases Influence Small Business Hiring Practices and Wage Structures
Global Supply Chain Disruptions and Local Grocery Prices
Market Competition as a Driver of Technological Innovation in the Tech Industry
The Rise of Eco-Friendly Products: How Consumer Preferences Are Shaping the Market
Gig Economy Platforms and Their Impact on Traditional Employment Models
Price Elasticity of Demand: Consumer Response to Pricing in the 2024 Smartphone Market
The Role of Behavioral Economics in Crafting Targeted Marketing Strategies for E-Commerce
How Housing Market Fluctuations Affect Rent Prices and Availability in Urban Areas
The Influence of Government Subsidies on Small Business Adoption of Renewable Energy

Macroeconomics Essay Topics

Macroeconomics looks at the big picture, focusing on how entire economies work and the forces that shape them. If you're interested in how things like government policies, global trends, or economic cycles impact our lives on a large scale, these topics are for you:

The Effect of Central Bank Policies on Inflation Rates During Economic Recovery Phases
Analyzing the Effects of Fiscal Stimulus Packages on Economic Growth Post-Pandemic
The Influence of International Trade Agreements on Global Economic Stability
How National Debt Levels Influence Long-Term Economic Growth in Developed Countries
The Economic Implications of Population Aging on National Healthcare Systems
Exchange Rate Fluctuations and Export Competitiveness in Emerging Markets
How Technological Advancements Are Reshaping Productivity Growth in Developed Economies
The Effects of Global Oil Price Volatility on National Economies Dependent on Energy Exports
The Impact of Income Inequality on Social Mobility and Economic Development
The Role of Government Spending in Stimulating Economic Growth During Recessionary Periods

Managerial Economics Essay Topics

Managerial economics is all about applying economic theories and methods to make better business decisions. It’s where economics meets the real world of running a company, helping managers solve problems and plan for the future:

The Role of Demand Forecasting in Strategic Business Planning and Inventory Management
How Cost-Benefit Analysis Influences Decision-Making in Large-Scale Corporate Investments
Pricing Strategies in Competitive Markets: Balancing Profit Margins and Market Share
The Impact of Outsourcing on Cost Efficiency and Operational Effectiveness in Global Corporations
The Economic Implications of Mergers and Acquisitions in the Technology Sector
The Role of Game Theory in Shaping Competitive Strategies Among Rival Firms
How Managerial Economics Guides the Allocation of Resources in Multinational Companies
The Economic Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Brand Reputation and Consumer Loyalty
The Influence of Economic Forecasting on Long-Term Business Strategy Development
Evaluating the Cost-Effectiveness of Employee Training Programs in Increasing Productivity

Consumerism Economics Topics to Write About

If you're curious about the economic side of shopping, marketing, and consumer behavior, these topics will give you plenty to think about.

The Economic Impact of Fast Fashion on Global Supply Chains and Consumer Spending
How Social Media Influences Consumer Purchasing Decisions and Brand Loyalty
The Role of Consumer Credit in Driving Economic Growth and Household Debt Levels
Analyzing the Rise of Sustainable Consumerism and Its Effects on Traditional Retail Markets
The Economics of Subscription Services: Why Consumers Prefer Renting Over Owning
How Consumer Boycotts Affect Corporate Policies and Market Performance
The Influence of Online Reviews on Consumer Behavior and Sales
The Economic Implications of Consumer Data Privacy Regulations on Digital Marketing Strategies
The Role of Consumer Confidence in Shaping Economic Cycles and Business Performance
How the Shift to Online Shopping Is Reshaping Brick-and-Mortar Retail Economics

Economics History Essay Topics

Economic history explores how economies have evolved over time, looking at the factors that have shaped economic systems, policies, and outcomes:

The Economic Causes and Consequences of the Great Depression in the 1930s
How the Industrial Revolution Transformed Economic Structures and Labor Markets in Europe
The Role of Economic Policies in the Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire
The Impact of Colonialism on the Economic Development of Africa and Asia
Analyzing the Economic Effects of World War II on the Global Economy and Trade
The Evolution of Banking Systems and Their Role in Economic Growth During the 19th Century
How the Gold Standard Influenced Global Trade and Economic Stability in the Early 20th Century
The Economic Legacy of the New Deal Programs in the United States
The Role of Economic Factors in the Collapse of the Soviet Union
The Economic Impact of the 2008 Financial Crisis on Global Markets and Policy Reforms

Socio-Economics Essay Topics

Socio-economics looks at how society and economics interact — how our social environment affects economic behavior and vice versa. It’s all about understanding the human side of economics, from income inequality to the impact of culture on spending habits:

The Impact of Income Inequality on Access to Education and Economic Mobility in Developed Nations
How Social Class Influences Consumer Spending Patterns, Brand Loyalty, and Lifestyle Choices
The Economic Effects of Immigration on Local Labor Markets and Wage Levels in Host Countries
Analyzing Gender’s Role in Economic Opportunities and Wage Disparities Across Sectors
How Cultural Norms Shape Economic Behavior and Business Practices in Different Regions
The Socio-Economic Impact of Gentrification on Housing Affordability and Community Dynamics
The Role of Social Media in Shaping Economic Trends and Consumer Behavior
How Economic Policies Affect Poverty Levels and Social Mobility in Urban Areas
The Role of Education in Reducing Socio-Economic Inequality and Promoting Economic Opportunities
The Economic and Social Implications of Universal Basic Income: Insights from Pilot Programs

International Economics Essay Topics

If you’re interested in understanding how economies around the world are connected and how these connections impact everything from local jobs to global financial stability, these topics are right up your alley:

The Impact of Trade Tariffs on Global Supply Chains and International Trade Relations
How Exchange Rate Fluctuations Influence Export Competitiveness and Trade Balances
The Role of International Trade Agreements in Promoting Economic Growth Among Member Countries
Analyzing the Effects of Globalization on Income Inequality Within Developing and Developed Nations
The Economic Implications of Brexit on the European Union’s Trade and Financial Markets
How International Sanctions Affect the Economies of Targeted Countries and Their Trading Partners
The Role of Multinational Corporations in Shaping Global Economic Policies and Trade Dynamics
The Impact of International Aid on Economic Development and Poverty Reduction in Low-Income Countries
How Global Financial Crises Influence International Monetary Policies and Economic Cooperation
The Effects of Foreign Direct Investment on Economic Growth and Industrial Development in Emerging Markets

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Behavioral Economic Topics to Write About

Behavioral economics is where psychology meets economics, exploring how people actually make decisions rather than how we think they should:

How Cognitive Biases Influence Consumer Spending Habits in Everyday Life
The Role of Social Norms in Shaping Financial Decision-Making and Saving Behavior
Analyzing the Impact of Behavioral Nudges on Retirement Savings Rates Among Different Age Groups
How Emotional Factors Affect Investment Decisions and Stock Market Behavior
The Economics of Impulse Buying: Understanding the Psychological Triggers Behind Consumer Purchases
How Loss Aversion Drives Decision-Making in High-Stakes Financial Situations
The Influence of Peer Pressure on Economic Choices Among Teenagers and Young Adults
How Framing Effects Shape Perceptions of Value and Influence Consumer Choices
The Role of Behavioral Economics in Designing Effective Public Policy and Social Programs
How Mental Accounting Affects Financial Planning and Budgeting Decisions

Environmental Economics Essay Topics

Environmental economics is about understanding the economic impacts of environmental policies and how economic activities affect our planet:

The Economic Benefits and Challenges of Implementing Carbon Tax Policies Globally
How Renewable Energy Investments Influence Economic Growth and Job Creation in Developing Countries
Analyzing the Impact of Deforestation on Local Economies and Global Carbon Emissions
The Role of Economic Incentives in Promoting Sustainable Agricultural Practices
How Environmental Regulations Affect the Competitiveness of Manufacturing Industries
The Economics of Water Conservation: Balancing Demand and Resource Management in Water-Stressed Regions
The Impact of Climate Change on Global Food Security and Agricultural Economics
How Circular Economy Models Can Drive Economic Growth While Reducing Environmental Impact
The Role of Environmental Economics in Shaping International Climate Agreements and Policies
The Economic Costs of Air Pollution on Public Health and Productivity

Agricultural Economics Essay Topics

Agricultural economics looks at how the business of farming works and how economic factors affect food production and rural life. If you're curious about how farmers make decisions, how food prices are set, or how agriculture shapes economies, these topics are just for you:

The Impact of Agricultural Subsidies on Farm Income and Production Efficiency in Developed Countries
How Climate Change Is Affecting Agricultural Economics in Different Regions
The Role of Technological Innovations in Increasing Sustainability in Agriculture
Analyzing the Economic Effects of Trade Policies on Global Agricultural Markets
The Economics of Organic Farming: Profitability and Market Trends in the 21st Century
How Rural Development Programs Influence Agricultural Productivity and Economic Growth in Developing Nations
The Economic Implications of Genetically Modified Crops on Global Food Security and Trade
The Role of Agricultural Cooperatives in Enhancing Farmers’ Market Access and Bargaining Power
How Water Scarcity and Resource Management Affect Agricultural Production and Food Prices
The Economics of Farm-to-Table Movements and Their Impact on Local Food Systems and Rural Economies

Financial Economic Topics to Write About

Financial economics explores how money flows through the economy, how markets behave, and how financial decisions get made:

The Influence of Central Bank Interest Rate Hikes on Stock Market Volatility and Investor Behavior
Understanding How Cognitive Biases in Behavioral Finance Affect Individual and Institutional Investment Choices
The Role of Financial Regulations in Preventing Economic Crises: A Case Study of the 2008 Financial Meltdown
The Long-Term Effects of Inflation on Investment Portfolios
How the Rise of Cryptocurrencies Is Disrupting Traditional Banking Systems and Financial Markets
The Economic Impact of High-Frequency Trading on Market Liquidity and Price Stability
How Venture Capital Investment Drives Innovation in the Tech Industry and Influences Economic Growth
The Impact of Global Financial Crises on National Monetary Policies and Economic Recovery Strategies
How Exchange Rate Volatility Affects International Investment Portfolios and Global Trade
The Importance of Credit Ratings in Shaping Corporate Financing Decisions and Access to Capital

Today’s key trends in economics include everything from digital currencies and sustainability to shifts in global trade and the impact of technology. Choosing the right economics essay topic can help you dive into these important issues and understand them better.

If you’re still unsure about your topic or need help with your essay writing, DoMyEssay is here to support you at any stage!

International Monetary Fund. (n.d.). DataMapper . Retrieved August 20, 2024, from https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/index.php

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Delhi HC extends interim protection from arrest to suspended IAS Puja Khedkar till September 5

The court deferred hearing on the anticipatory bail plea by puja khedkar till september 5 and asked the police to submit a fresh status report.

Updated - August 29, 2024 06:31 pm IST

Published - August 29, 2024 12:46 pm IST - New Delhi

Puja Khedkar. File | Photo Credit: ANI

The Delhi High Court on Thursday (August 29, 2024) extended the interim protection from arrest granted to former IAS probationer Puja Khedkar , who has been accused of fraudulently clearing Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) exam 2022, till September 5.

The court deferred hearing on the anticipatory bail plea by Ms. Khedkar till September 5 and asked the police to submit a fresh status report.

Both the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC), which conducts the Civil Services examinations, and the Delhi Police have sought dismissal of her plea for pre-arrest bail.

Meanwhile, Ms. Khedkar, who allegedly cheated and wrongly availed OBC and disability quota benefits to clear the prestigious exam, has denied the allegations levelled against her and asserted that she has neither misrepresented nor cheated in the process of successfully clearing the Civil Services Examination-2022.

“(Her) selection (was) on the basis of merit in the category of Persons with Benchmark Disability (PwBD) and has attempted fifth time under the category whereas the available attempts are nine in the said category. The attempts given prior to this from 2012 to 2017 was not under this category and cannot be mixed up to disentitle applicant as a disabled candidate,” her rejoinder said.

She argued that since all material is with the UPSC and no document is required from her, she is entitled to pre-arrest bail.

The Delhi Police also sought dismissal of the pre-arrest bail plea on the ground that any relief to her would hinder its probe into the “deep rooted conspiracy” and that the case has wider implications on public trust as well as the integrity of the Civil Services examination.

“In its reply filed in court, UPSC said Ms. Khedkar’s custodial interrogation was necessary to unearth the magnitude of the “fraud” that could not have been done without the help of other individuals. Therefore, her pre-arrest bail plea should be dismissed,” it said.

The Delhi Police, in its status report, asserted that investigation has revealed that she was not entitled to benefits as an “OBC+Non-Creamy Layer” candidate but she hatched a conspiracy with other persons to get that benefit by showing that her parents are divorced.

“The circumstances, however, suggest that Ms. Khedkar’s parents were living together, and that she made a false declaration with respect to her previous number of attempts while writing the Civil Services Examination (CSE)-2021 under a changed name,” the agency said.

“She had already exhausted all the permissible attempts available to a PwBD (Persons with Benchmark Disabilities)+OBC candidate, i.e. nine attempts by CSE-2020 itself. Therefore, as per CSE Rules, she was not eligible to appear further for CSE-2021 and subsequent CSEs,” police said in its status report..

“However, despite exhausting all the permissible attempts she appeared in CSE-2021, CSE- 2022 and CSP-2023 by intentionally changing her name and making incorrect or false statements regarding the number of attempts already availed and suppressing material information which she was duty bound to furnish true and correct,” the report stated.

The police report said while Ms. Khedkar claimed no connection with her father and showed her mother’s income as being below the threshold to get the benefit of “OBC+Non-Creamy Layer” candidate, her family owns 12 vehicles, including a Mercedes car, BMW car and a Thar SUV.

It stated the family owns “23 pieces of immovable properties valued crores of Rupees” in different locations in Maharashtra. On July 31, UPSC cancelled Ms. Khedkar’s candidature.

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An analysis of body modification in relation to social and cultural anthropology. 100. Chaste systems and social ranks in societies. There are so many class subjects that can form the basis of your extended essay, including these popular six subjects: - Information technology. - Computer science. - Health science.
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Psychology Extended Essay Topics. Check out this list of extended essay topics psychology: Investigating the impact of childhood trauma on adult mental health. Analyzing the relationship between personality traits and career success. Investigating the effects of social media on adolescent self-esteem and body image.
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11. History Extended Essay. The consequences of dropping nuclear bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. You can investigate the economic, ethnic, social, and even environmental consequences of conflict diamonds. The evolution of military technology during the American Civil War.
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Today, I will give you some ideas for English A extended essay topics. Understanding the English A Extended Essay. First, it's important to understand what makes the English A Extended Essay different. This 4,000-word research project offers you a unique opportunity to investigate a literary topic of personal interest. In line with general IB ...
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Here are some examples of possible topics in various fields of study for a splendid extended essay for you to choose from: Biology. How photosynthesis can take place without sunlight. How does a plant grow differently when it has to share its habitat with others. How to store cow milk safely.
How To Write The Extended Essay (With Topics and Examples)
The Extended Essay has several key objectives: To provide students with the chance to engage in an in-depth study of a question of interest within a chosen subject. To develop research, thinking, self-management, and communication skills. To introduce students to the excitement and challenges of academic research.
Examples
These highlight the diverse range of topics covered by International Baccalaureate® (IB) Diploma Programme (DP) students during their extended essays. Some examples are: "An analysis of costume as a source for understanding the inner life of the character". "A study of malnourished children in Indonesia and the extent of their recovery ...
Making the most of your extended essay: choosing a topic
By Stephanie Stan. The extended essay, a Diploma Programme (DP) candidates' 4,000-word culmination of independent research and writing, is often framed by students as a dreadful experience. But the extended essay does not have to be "dreadful". For me, the key to making the extended essay research and writing process intriguing, impactful and an incredibly enlightening experience was ...
Writing a Winning Extended Essay: Tips and Tricks
100 IB Extended Essay Topic Ideas! One of the biggest keys to the Extended Essay is choosing which subject you want to write your work in and developing that crucial research question. Read on to find inspiration for topics across a wide range of subjects. Extended Essay: The Love/Hate aspect of the IB One of the biggest keys to the Extended…
Guide to the IB Extended Essay in 2024
The IB Extended Essay is a 4,000-word paper that asks you to immerse yourself in research and academic writing. A required part of the IB program, the Extended Essay is a chance to dig deep into a topic that fascinates you. Although it's no small task, the IB Extended Essay is an opportunity to gain practical research and writing skills that ...
100+ IB extended essay topic ideas for your ease
IB Extended Essay Layout. There are mainly six elements in the essay layout. The first part is the title page. Here, the research question is written, along with the subject and the category. The total word count needs to also be mentioned here. The next part is the content page. This is the one that is right at the beginning.
How to Choose an IB Extended Essay Topic
The EE is one of the mandatory components of the IB curriculum, and it's a practical way of preparing students to write undergraduate-level research papers in the form of a 4000 word essay. You would choose which subject to write your EE on in relation to the subject sets you take when in IB, so you have six choices.
110 Extended Essay Topics
Extended Essay Topics About Literature. Literary analysis essay on a poem by John Donne. The theme of death in Hamlet by William Shakespeare. Compare and contrast the two versions of Cinderella. The use of satire in Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift. The psychological effects of isolation in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald.
IB Extended Essay Ideas
The International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme (IBDP or IB) is a rigorous high school program considered to be equivalent to the AP system, if not harder. Along with coursework and examinations in this two-year long program, there are expectations to write an in-depth essay on one subject of your selection, called the Extended Essay (EE ...
Extended essay
The extended essay is an independent, self-directed piece of research, finishing with a 4,000-word paper. One component of the International Baccalaureate® (IB) Diploma Programme (DP) core, the extended essay is mandatory for all students. Read about the extended essay in greater detail. You can also read about how the IB sets deadlines for ...
100 Great Extended Essay Topics
100 extended essay topic ideas. Here is a list of several extended essay topics that you can use for your next assignment. Extended essay topics for biology. Endosymbiotic theory- How eukaryotic cell organelles evolved from prehistoric bacteria. Fungi- Similarities on a metabolic and molecular scale with plants and animals.
Literature Extended Essay Topics: Guide for IB Students
In this comprehensive guide, IB students will find a curated list of Literature Extended Essay Topics designed to inspire in-depth analysis and passionate research of literary works. From the development of the tragic hero to the representation of artificial intelligence in literature, these topics cover a wide range of genres, themes, and time ...
The IB Extended Essay: Topic ideas and research Questions
During the first meeting with your advisor, discuss the research you've done, your ideas, and the requirements for your subject. Decide on the most suitable research question. Your revised research question proposal is due May 16. Adapted from O'Farrell, Finbar. Approach your assessment the IB Way: Extended Essay. pg. 13.
IB EE examples for all subjects
High scoring IB Extended Essay examples for all subjects. See what past students did and make your EE perfect by learning from examiner commented examples! Exemplars. Review. ... (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 mM NaCl) Measured Through Microscopic (Stomatal Aperture) and Morphological (Leaf Area, Leaf Dry Mass, and Root Length) Characteristics on Pre ...
50 Best Informative Essay Topics
They can be done in various subjects, from scientific fields to historical events of today's world, and even extended into cultural activities. In this article, we will explore what makes good informative essays, as well as give you tips for choosing the perfect topic for your essay, and of course, offer a list of the 50 best topics across many ...
Theory of knowledge (IB course)
Theory of Knowledge (TOK) is a compulsory core subject of the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme covering, for example, epistemological topics. [1] It is marked on a letter scale (A-E) and aims to "provide an opportunity for students to reflect on the nature of knowledge, and on how we know what we claim to know." [2] Students who attain an E will not be able to receive their final ...
150 Economics Essay Topics: Key Trends in Today's Economy
Economics Essay Topics For Students. When it comes to writing economics essays, choosing the right topic can set the stage for a great paper. Below, you'll find a list of economics essay topics tailored specifically for students at different academic levels, starting with those suitable for high school. Economics Essay Topics for High School
All Quiet On The Western Front Essay Topics (pdf)
All Quiet On The Western Front Essay Topics Writing an essay on the topic of "All Quiet on the Western Front" can be both challenging and rewarding. The novel, penned by Erich Maria Remarque, delves into the harrowing experiences of soldiers during World War I, exploring themes such as the brutality of war, the loss of innocence, and the psychological toll on individuals.
Puja Khedkar's interim protection extended till September 5 by Delhi
The Delhi High Court on Thursday (August 29, 2024) extended the interim protection from arrest granted to former IAS probationer Puja Khedkar, who has been accused of fraudulently clearing Union ...