The role of computers in education: Achievement and comprehension

  • Open File New Technologies in Education II
  • Published: September 1997
  • Volume 27 , pages 403–414, ( 1997 )

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computer education essay pdf

  • José Armando Valente  

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When we ask educators about why we should have computers in education, we constantly hear that the computer can help or that the computer can facilitate eduacation. The idea that the computer should always facilitate comes from a generalization of the fact that the computer entered our lives to facilitate. The computer made cash machines possible, computers are inside automated devices such as microwaves, video recorders, cars, etc. These are examples in which the existence of the computer made something much easier or made something available that was previously impossible. Thus the same thing should happen to education. The computer should facilitate education, making it much easier for the student to learn, for the teacher to teach, and to organize the administrative part of eduation.

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Mazzone, J. 1993. O sistema ‘Enxuto’ e a educação no Brasil [The ‘Enxuto’ system and education in Brazil]. In : Valente, J.A., ed. Computadores e conhecimento: repensando a educação , p. 274–312. Cambinas, Gráfica da UNICAMP.

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—. 1994. Computers in education: shifting the pedagogical paradigm from instructionism to constructionism. Logo exchange (Eugene, OR), vol. 12, no. 2, p. 39–42.

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—. 1996. Constructing change in schools through teacher training in Logo. Logo exchange (Eugene, OR), vol. 14, no. 4, p. 34–38.

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Original language: English

José Armando Valente (Brazil) Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). At present, director of the Núcleo de Informática Aplicada à Educação, State University of Campinas, São Paulo. Formerly visiting professor at MIT (1976–79). Member of the American Association for Artificial Intelligence, the International Society for Technology in Education and the New York Academy of Science. Recent publications include (as editor) O professor no ambiente Logo: formacão e atuacão [The teacher in a Logo environment: pre-service and in-service training] (1996); ‘The use of computers with disadvantaged children in Brazil’ (in Special education in Latin America , 1995); and ‘Constructing change in schools through teacher training in Logo’ (in Logo exchange , 1996).

This is a slightly edited version of a paper presented at UNESCO’s second International Congress on Education and Informatics: Educational Policies and New Technologies, Moscow, 1–5 July 1996.

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Valente, J.A. The role of computers in education: Achievement and comprehension. Prospects 27 , 403–414 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02736640

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Issue Date : September 1997

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02736640

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Essay on Computer and its Uses for School Students and Children

500+ words essay on computer.

In this essay on computer, we are going to discuss some useful things about computers. The modern-day computer has become an important part of our daily life. Also, their usage has increased much fold during the last decade. Nowadays, they use the computer in every office whether private or government. Mankind is using computers for over many decades now. Also, they are used in many fields like agriculture, designing, machinery making, defense and many more. Above all, they have revolutionized the whole world.

essay on computer

History of Computers

It is very difficult to find the exact origin of computers. But according to some experts computer exists at the time of world war-II. Also, at that time they were used for keeping data. But, it was for only government use and not for public use. Above all, in the beginning, the computer was a very large and heavy machine.

Working of a Computer 

The computer runs on a three-step cycle namely input, process, and output. Also, the computer follows this cycle in every process it was asked to do. In simple words, the process can be explained in this way. The data which we feed into the computer is input, the work CPU do is process and the result which the computer give is output.

Components and Types of Computer

The simple computer basically consists of CPU, monitor, mouse, and keyboard . Also, there are hundreds of other computer parts that can be attached to it. These other parts include a printer, laser pen, scanner , etc.

The computer is categorized into many different types like supercomputers, mainframes, personal computers (desktop), PDAs, laptop, etc. The mobile phone is also a type of computer because it fulfills all the criteria of being a computer.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

Uses of Computer in Various Fields

As the usage of computer increased it became a necessity for almost every field to use computers for their operations. Also, they have made working and sorting things easier. Below we are mentioning some of the important fields that use a computer in their daily operation.

Medical Field

They use computers to diagnose diseases, run tests and for finding the cure for deadly diseases . Also, they are able to find a cure for many diseases because of computers.

Whether it’s scientific research, space research or any social research computers help in all of them. Also, due to them, we are able to keep a check on the environment , space, and society. Space research helped us to explore the galaxies. While scientific research has helped us to locate resources and various other useful resources from the earth.

For any country, his defence is most important for the safety and security of its people. Also, computer in this field helps the country’s security agencies to detect a threat which can be harmful in the future. Above all the defense industry use them to keep surveillance on our enemy.

Threats from a Computer

Computers have become a necessity also, they have become a threat too. This is due to hackers who steal your private data and leak them on internet. Also, anyone can access this data. Apart from that, there are other threats like viruses, spams, bug and many other problems.

computer education essay pdf

The computer is a very important machine that has become a useful part of our life. Also, the computers have twin-faces on one side it’s a boon and on the other side, it’s a bane. Its uses completely depend upon you. Apart from that, a day in the future will come when human civilization won’t be able to survive without computers as we depend on them too much. Till now it is a great discovery of mankind that has helped in saving thousands and millions of lives.

Frequently Asked Questions on Computer

Q.1  What is a computer?

A.1 A computer is an electronic device or machine that makes our work easier. Also, they help us in many ways.

Q.2 Mention various fields where computers are used?

A.2  Computers are majorly used in defense, medicine, and for research purposes.

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  • Copy URL https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/fact-checking-warnings-from-democrats-about-project-2025-and-donald-trump

Fact-checking warnings from Democrats about Project 2025 and Donald Trump

This fact check originally appeared on PolitiFact .

Project 2025 has a starring role in this week’s Democratic National Convention.

And it was front and center on Night 1.

WATCH: Hauling large copy of Project 2025, Michigan state Sen. McMorrow speaks at 2024 DNC

“This is Project 2025,” Michigan state Sen. Mallory McMorrow, D-Royal Oak, said as she laid a hardbound copy of the 900-page document on the lectern. “Over the next four nights, you are going to hear a lot about what is in this 900-page document. Why? Because this is the Republican blueprint for a second Trump term.”

Vice President Kamala Harris, the Democratic presidential nominee, has warned Americans about “Trump’s Project 2025” agenda — even though former President Donald Trump doesn’t claim the conservative presidential transition document.

“Donald Trump wants to take our country backward,” Harris said July 23 in Milwaukee. “He and his extreme Project 2025 agenda will weaken the middle class. Like, we know we got to take this seriously, and can you believe they put that thing in writing?”

Minnesota Gov. Tim Walz, Harris’ running mate, has joined in on the talking point.

“Don’t believe (Trump) when he’s playing dumb about this Project 2025. He knows exactly what it’ll do,” Walz said Aug. 9 in Glendale, Arizona.

Trump’s campaign has worked to build distance from the project, which the Heritage Foundation, a conservative think tank, led with contributions from dozens of conservative groups.

Much of the plan calls for extensive executive-branch overhauls and draws on both long-standing conservative principles, such as tax cuts, and more recent culture war issues. It lays out recommendations for disbanding the Commerce and Education departments, eliminating certain climate protections and consolidating more power to the president.

Project 2025 offers a sweeping vision for a Republican-led executive branch, and some of its policies mirror Trump’s 2024 agenda, But Harris and her presidential campaign have at times gone too far in describing what the project calls for and how closely the plans overlap with Trump’s campaign.

PolitiFact researched Harris’ warnings about how the plan would affect reproductive rights, federal entitlement programs and education, just as we did for President Joe Biden’s Project 2025 rhetoric. Here’s what the project does and doesn’t call for, and how it squares with Trump’s positions.

Are Trump and Project 2025 connected?

To distance himself from Project 2025 amid the Democratic attacks, Trump wrote on Truth Social that he “knows nothing” about it and has “no idea” who is in charge of it. (CNN identified at least 140 former advisers from the Trump administration who have been involved.)

The Heritage Foundation sought contributions from more than 100 conservative organizations for its policy vision for the next Republican presidency, which was published in 2023.

Project 2025 is now winding down some of its policy operations, and director Paul Dans, a former Trump administration official, is stepping down, The Washington Post reported July 30. Trump campaign managers Susie Wiles and Chris LaCivita denounced the document.

WATCH: A look at the Project 2025 plan to reshape government and Trump’s links to its authors

However, Project 2025 contributors include a number of high-ranking officials from Trump’s first administration, including former White House adviser Peter Navarro and former Housing and Urban Development Secretary Ben Carson.

A recently released recording of Russell Vought, a Project 2025 author and the former director of Trump’s Office of Management and Budget, showed Vought saying Trump’s “very supportive of what we do.” He said Trump was only distancing himself because Democrats were making a bogeyman out of the document.

Project 2025 wouldn’t ban abortion outright, but would curtail access

The Harris campaign shared a graphic on X that claimed “Trump’s Project 2025 plan for workers” would “go after birth control and ban abortion nationwide.”

The plan doesn’t call to ban abortion nationwide, though its recommendations could curtail some contraceptives and limit abortion access.

What’s known about Trump’s abortion agenda neither lines up with Harris’ description nor Project 2025’s wish list.

Project 2025 says the Department of Health and Human Services Department should “return to being known as the Department of Life by explicitly rejecting the notion that abortion is health care.”

It recommends that the Food and Drug Administration reverse its 2000 approval of mifepristone, the first pill taken in a two-drug regimen for a medication abortion. Medication is the most common form of abortion in the U.S. — accounting for around 63 percent in 2023.

If mifepristone were to remain approved, Project 2025 recommends new rules, such as cutting its use from 10 weeks into pregnancy to seven. It would have to be provided to patients in person — part of the group’s efforts to limit access to the drug by mail. In June, the U.S. Supreme Court rejected a legal challenge to mifepristone’s FDA approval over procedural grounds.

WATCH: Trump’s plans for health care and reproductive rights if he returns to White House The manual also calls for the Justice Department to enforce the 1873 Comstock Act on mifepristone, which bans the mailing of “obscene” materials. Abortion access supporters fear that a strict interpretation of the law could go further to ban mailing the materials used in procedural abortions, such as surgical instruments and equipment.

The plan proposes withholding federal money from states that don’t report to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention how many abortions take place within their borders. The plan also would prohibit abortion providers, such as Planned Parenthood, from receiving Medicaid funds. It also calls for the Department of Health and Human Services to ensure that the training of medical professionals, including doctors and nurses, omits abortion training.

The document says some forms of emergency contraception — particularly Ella, a pill that can be taken within five days of unprotected sex to prevent pregnancy — should be excluded from no-cost coverage. The Affordable Care Act requires most private health insurers to cover recommended preventive services, which involves a range of birth control methods, including emergency contraception.

Trump has recently said states should decide abortion regulations and that he wouldn’t block access to contraceptives. Trump said during his June 27 debate with Biden that he wouldn’t ban mifepristone after the Supreme Court “approved” it. But the court rejected the lawsuit based on standing, not the case’s merits. He has not weighed in on the Comstock Act or said whether he supports it being used to block abortion medication, or other kinds of abortions.

Project 2025 doesn’t call for cutting Social Security, but proposes some changes to Medicare

“When you read (Project 2025),” Harris told a crowd July 23 in Wisconsin, “you will see, Donald Trump intends to cut Social Security and Medicare.”

The Project 2025 document does not call for Social Security cuts. None of its 10 references to Social Security addresses plans for cutting the program.

Harris also misleads about Trump’s Social Security views.

In his earlier campaigns and before he was a politician, Trump said about a half-dozen times that he’s open to major overhauls of Social Security, including cuts and privatization. More recently, in a March 2024 CNBC interview, Trump said of entitlement programs such as Social Security, “There’s a lot you can do in terms of entitlements, in terms of cutting.” However, he quickly walked that statement back, and his CNBC comment stands at odds with essentially everything else Trump has said during the 2024 presidential campaign.

Trump’s campaign website says that not “a single penny” should be cut from Social Security. We rated Harris’ claim that Trump intends to cut Social Security Mostly False.

Project 2025 does propose changes to Medicare, including making Medicare Advantage, the private insurance offering in Medicare, the “default” enrollment option. Unlike Original Medicare, Medicare Advantage plans have provider networks and can also require prior authorization, meaning that the plan can approve or deny certain services. Original Medicare plans don’t have prior authorization requirements.

The manual also calls for repealing health policies enacted under Biden, such as the Inflation Reduction Act. The law enabled Medicare to negotiate with drugmakers for the first time in history, and recently resulted in an agreement with drug companies to lower the prices of 10 expensive prescriptions for Medicare enrollees.

Trump, however, has said repeatedly during the 2024 presidential campaign that he will not cut Medicare.

Project 2025 would eliminate the Education Department, which Trump supports

The Harris campaign said Project 2025 would “eliminate the U.S. Department of Education” — and that’s accurate. Project 2025 says federal education policy “should be limited and, ultimately, the federal Department of Education should be eliminated.” The plan scales back the federal government’s role in education policy and devolves the functions that remain to other agencies.

Aside from eliminating the department, the project also proposes scrapping the Biden administration’s Title IX revision, which prohibits discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity. It also would let states opt out of federal education programs and calls for passing a federal parents’ bill of rights similar to ones passed in some Republican-led state legislatures.

Republicans, including Trump, have pledged to close the department, which gained its status in 1979 within Democratic President Jimmy Carter’s presidential Cabinet.

In one of his Agenda 47 policy videos, Trump promised to close the department and “to send all education work and needs back to the states.” Eliminating the department would have to go through Congress.

What Project 2025, Trump would do on overtime pay

In the graphic, the Harris campaign says Project 2025 allows “employers to stop paying workers for overtime work.”

The plan doesn’t call for banning overtime wages. It recommends changes to some Occupational Safety and Health Administration, or OSHA, regulations and to overtime rules. Some changes, if enacted, could result in some people losing overtime protections, experts told us.

The document proposes that the Labor Department maintain an overtime threshold “that does not punish businesses in lower-cost regions (e.g., the southeast United States).” This threshold is the amount of money executive, administrative or professional employees need to make for an employer to exempt them from overtime pay under the Fair Labor Standards Act.

In 2019, the Trump’s administration finalized a rule that expanded overtime pay eligibility to most salaried workers earning less than about $35,568, which it said made about 1.3 million more workers eligible for overtime pay. The Trump-era threshold is high enough to cover most line workers in lower-cost regions, Project 2025 said.

The Biden administration raised that threshold to $43,888 beginning July 1, and that will rise to $58,656 on Jan. 1, 2025. That would grant overtime eligibility to about 4 million workers, the Labor Department said.

It’s unclear how many workers Project 2025’s proposal to return to the Trump-era overtime threshold in some parts of the country would affect, but experts said some would presumably lose the right to overtime wages.

Other overtime proposals in Project 2025’s plan include allowing some workers to choose to accumulate paid time off instead of overtime pay, or to work more hours in one week and fewer in the next, rather than receive overtime.

Trump’s past with overtime pay is complicated. In 2016, the Obama administration said it would raise the overtime to salaried workers earning less than $47,476 a year, about double the exemption level set in 2004 of $23,660 a year.

But when a judge blocked the Obama rule, the Trump administration didn’t challenge the court ruling. Instead it set its own overtime threshold, which raised the amount, but by less than Obama.

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computer education essay pdf

Computer-Aided Engineering Approach to Optimize Hydroformed Exhaust Gas Recirculation Tube under Thermal Load 2024-01-5086

This study emphasizes the importance of computer-aided engineering (CAE) approach in optimizing exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) tube under thermal load. With exhaust gases generating high temperatures, the EGR tube experiences increased stress and strain, posing challenges to its structural integrity. Moreover, the cyclic heating and cooling cycles of the engine imposes thermal fatigue, further compromising the tube’s performance over time. To address these concerns, the paper introduces a comprehensive CAE methodology for conducting factor of safety analysis. The nonlinear thermal analysis is performed on the assembly as due to high temperatures the stresses cross the yield limit. The strain-based approach is used to calculate the factor of safety. Moreover, a comprehensive case study is presented, illustrating how design modifications can enhance the thermal fatigue factor of safety. By adjusting parameters such as thickness and routing, engineers can mitigate thermal stresses and improve the tube’s fatigue life. This approach allows analysts to thoroughly evaluate whether the tube design can endure thermal fatigue for a specified number of cycles. By utilizing advanced simulation tools and techniques, engineers gain valuable insights into the tube’s behavior under varying thermal conditions. This enables informed decision-making regarding design modifications aimed at enhancing durability and reliability. Ultimately, the integration of CAE in the optimization process empowers automotive manufacturers to develop EGR tubes that meet stringent performance requirements while minimizing the risk of premature failure due to thermal stresses and fatigue. The tool used for simulation of the EGR tube assembly is ANSYS 2023R1.

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Secure Firewall ISA3000

Rugged design for manufacturing, industrial, and operational technology environments.

Secure WAF and bot protection

Enhance application security and resilience for today’s digital enterprise with Secure WAF and bot protection.

DDoS protection

Defend against attacks that flood your network with traffic, impacting access to apps and business-critical services.

Why migrate?

Level up your security posture with the latest capabilities for unified network and workload micro-segmentation protection.

Cisco Secure Firewall

Experience Firewall Management Center in action

See how you can centralize and simplify your firewall admin and intrusion prevention. With visibility across ever-changing and global networks, you can manage modern applications and malware outbreaks in real time.

Worker using laptop while on a flight

Get 3 vital protections in a single step

You don't have to trade security for productivity. The Cisco Security Step-Up promotion deploys three powerful lines of defense that are simple, secure, and resilient for your business. Defend every critical attack vector–email, web traffic, and user credentials—in one easy step.

Explore the evolution of network security

We asked hundreds of IT and security professionals how they’re managing threats and using firewall in the face of AI, cloud complexity, and more. Here’s how they’re meeting those challenges.

Cisco Community: Connect with peers and experts

Cisco Community is your destination for product advice, a place to foster connections and share your knowledge.

Find the latest content and resources to help you learn more about Cisco Secure Firewall.

Add value to security solutions

Cisco Security Enterprise Agreement

Instant savings

Experience security software buying flexibility with one easy-to-manage agreement.

Services for security

Let the experts secure your business

Get more from your investments and enable constant vigilance to protect your organization.

Customer stories and insights

Powering fuel providers.

Ampol logo

Ampol's global business includes refineries, fueling stations, and corporate offices. The company's infrastructure and retail operations are protected and connected with Cisco technology.

Ampol Limited

Reducing cybersecurity risk

Dayton Children's logo

A zero-trust approach to security protects the privacy of patients' personal data at this Ohio children's hospital.

Dayton Children’s

Better wireless access and security

Keller logo

A Texas school district turned to Cisco technology to bring ubiquitous, reliable wireless access to students while assuring proactive network monitoring capabilities.

Protecting networks and assets

Lake Trust logo

A Michigan-based credit union protects the digital security of its hybrid workforce, customers, and assets with help from Cisco.

Lake Trust Credit Union

Boosting visibility and security

Marian University

This Indiana university provides reliable and safe network access with Cisco's unified security ecosystem as its foundation for zero trust.

Marian University

The NFL relies on Cisco

NFL logo

From the draft to Super Bowl Sunday, the NFL relies on Cisco to protect billions of devices, endpoints, and users from cyber threats. What does that look like on game day? Watch the video on the story page to find out.

National Football League

Share your experience. Create a safer digital world.

Join us in shaping the future of cybersecurity and creating a safer digital world, one story at a time.

Simple, visible, and unified

Unify security across your high-performing data centers, providing superior visibility and efficiency. Then watch it work with ease.

COMMENTS

  1. PDF The Positive Effects of Technology on Teaching and Student ...

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    INTRODUCTION Information and Communication Technology (ICT) includes computers, the Internet, and electronic delivery systems such as radios, televisions, and projectors among others, and is widely used in today's education field. Kent and Facer (2004) indicated that school is an important environment in which students participate in a wide range of computer activities, while the home serves ...

  8. PDF Essays on Computer Science Education

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  16. PDF Computers and Education: The Wrong Approach Continually Being Executed

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  27. (PDF) Essays on Computer Science Education

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