macro economics assignment

Faculty Resources

Assignments.

The assignments in this course are openly licensed, and are available as-is, or can be modified to suit your students’ needs. Answer keys are available to faculty who adopt Waymaker, OHM, or Candela courses with paid support from Lumen Learning. This approach helps us protect the academic integrity of these materials by ensuring they are shared only with authorized and institution-affiliated faculty and staff.

The assignments and discussion for this course align with the content and learning outcomes in each module. They will automatically be loaded into the assignment tool within your LMS. They can easily used as is, modified, or removed. You can preview them below.

Note that the Data Project Assignment is split into two parts and spans both module 6 and module 7. The Module 16 assignment presents two options, one that emphasizes topics from macroeconomics, and the other that emphasizes concepts from microeconomics.

• Assignments. Provided by : Lumen Learning. License : CC BY: Attribution
• Pencil Cup. Authored by : IconfactoryTeam. Provided by : Noun Project. Located at : https://thenounproject.com/term/pencil-cup/628840/ . License : CC BY: Attribution

Macroeconomics: Key Topics

Managing Director, Sim Institute

Tim Rogmans is Managing Director at Sim Institute. He is the author of Sustainability Managment Simulation: Net Zero , Business Essentials Simulation: Coffee Shop Inc. , and Macroeconomics Simulation: Econland .

This module covers the fundamental topics of a macroeconomics course. Students will learn about critical economic concepts and how they interact with each other. 

6 Topics in This Module

Measuring a nation's output: gdp.

A nation’s output, as measured by its gross domestic product (GDP), is the start of most macroeconomics courses. This topic looks at GDP—how it is calculated, its individual components (consumption, government expenditure, Investment, and net exports), and the determinants of GDP. There are various challenges when calculating GDP, some of which are addressed by considering real GDP or GDP at purchasing power parity. Although GDP is a useful measure of a nation’s output, it has several shortcomings and can’t be used as the sole measure of economic health. 

GDP Explained

Assignments

Describe the main limitations of using GDP to measure an economy. How can these limitations be addressed?

Money, Prices, and Inflation

This topic introduces money as a means of exchange and facilitating trade. Money affects important macroeconomic variables, such as interest rates, exchange rates, and the aggregate price level (inflation). Several macroeconomic variables (GDP, exchange rates, or interest rates) can be considered in real terms rather than nominal terms (i.e., after adjusting for inflation).  

A country’s central bank and its banking system determine the supply of money. Governments can apply monetary and fiscal policy tools to avoid or minimize economic recessions. 

Inflation Explained

Using information from one or both case studies in this topic, what are the main costs of high inflation for companies? How can companies deal with the challenges posed by high inflation?

Production and Growth

Over the last few decades, the economies of many emerging markets have been catching up with developed countries. Identifying high growth economies is a challenge for international investors and can depend on nontraditional economic indicators and an assessment of government institutions.

Solow’s growth model is used to explain long-term economic growth. In this model, a country’s output or productive capacity depends on the amount of physical capital, the size of the labor force, and productivity. A combination of capital accumulation, population growth, and increasing productivity help to explain why emerging markets can grow more quickly than developed markets. However, effective government institutions are critical in facilitating economic development.

What indicators would you use to assess the economic growth potential of a country? Compare two countries of choice based on the indicators that you identified.

Apply Solow’s model to explain the economic growth and development of a country. You can use data from one of the case studies or publicly available data.

What are the main factors inhibiting South Africa’s economic development? 

Unemployment

Unemployment is a key topic for economists, and maintaining low levels of unemployment has become part of the mandate of central banks of the world’s major economies. The causes of unemployment, as well as the appropriate measures to reduce it, are hotly debated among economists.

Unemployment Explained

For a country of your choice, analyze the level and causes of unemployment. What would be appropriate policies to reduce the unemployment rate or maintain it at an acceptable level?

When you played Econland , which policies did you implement and why?

During the simulation, did your policy decisions lead to the results you expected in all areas? If not, can you determine why you obtained the results that you did?

How did expectations and the economic situations in other countries depicted in the simulation impact your country’s economy and your policy decisions? 

Open Economies

International trade can be explained through the theory of comparative advantage: countries specialize in the production of goods and services in which they hold a relative advantage. Although this theory is quite good at explaining trade between countries with very different factor endowments, it does not explain inter-sectoral trade between similar countries (for example, cars being traded in both directions between France and Germany). The “new trade theory” relaxes some of the assumptions of the theory of comparative advantage and describes trade between markets with imperfect competition and differentiated products.

Dealing with fluctuating and unpredictable exchange—which are determined by relative levels of inflation, interest rates, and the volume of international trade between countries—is an ongoing challenge for companies. 

Identify and describe an export of goods or services between two countries. Discuss to what extent the theory of comparative advantage helps to explain the existence of the trade flow.

Fiscal and Monetary Policy

Governments impact an economy in a range of ways, most importantly through their ability to tax and spend (fiscal policy) and the central bank’s ability to control the money supply (monetary policy). Common macroeconomic goals that governments aim to achieve through their policies include economic growth, low unemployment, and a manageable level of inflation. By implementing expansionary fiscal or monetary policies, aggregate demand can be stimulated. Risks associated with expansionary policies include unacceptable levels of government debt and high inflation. The case studies in this topic discuss the most important current fiscal and monetary policy debates, particularly in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.  

1369 word count

Fiscal Policy Explained

Monetary Policy Explained

4.5 minutes

For a country in which you work or operate, what are the main risks the economy is facing? How can managers prepare for the consequences of these risks materializing?

After playing the  Econland  base case scenario and at least one other scenario, how did you adapt your policy decisions compared to the first time you played? Were you able to improve on your score for the base case scenario?

Discuss some of the areas of impact of each of your decisions while playing the simulation and relate these to the macroeconomic data in the reports section. For example, what do you expect the difference in impact to be between changes in the corporate tax rate and the income tax rate?

How did the circumstances of the either rollercoaster or stagnation scenario impact the policy decisions that you made? 

About this module

The study of macroeconomics deals with the analysis of an entire economy, usually a country, but potentially also a group of countries or a region with a country. This module introduces learners to key topics in macroeconomics, including national income (GDP), productivity, inflation, unemployment, and international trade.  Macroeconomics Simulation: Econland  can be used throughout the module or as an integrative exercise towards the end, when the topics of fiscal and monetary policy are introduced. 

In this module, case studies apply macroeconomic concepts to national economies and discuss the managerial implications of macroeconomic developments. Instructors looking to link the topics of the module to current events can use the weekly economics newsletter,  Econland News .

Learning Objectives

Understand how an economy works and how it affects citizens and companies that operate in it.

Understand the key topics of macroeconomics, including GDP, productivity, inflation, unemployment, and international trade.

Understand how monetary and fiscal policy decisions impact different aspects of a country’s economy.

Analyze current economic developments and events in a systematic way.

Use macroeconomic data and forecasts in business decision-making. 

We use cookies to understand how you use our site and to improve your experience, including personalizing content. Learn More . By continuing to use our site, you accept our use of cookies and revised Privacy Policy .

If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website.

If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked.

To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser.

Macroeconomics

Unit 1: basic economics concepts, unit 2: economic indicators and the business cycle, unit 3: national income and price determination, unit 4: financial sector, unit 5: long-run consequences of stabilization policies, unit 6: open economy: international trade and finance, unit 7: keynesian approaches and is-lm, unit 8: contemporary macroeconomic issues.

Principles of Macroeconomics

(3 reviews)

Copyright Year: 2016

ISBN 13: 9781946135179

Publisher: University of Minnesota Libraries Publishing

Language: English

Formats Available

Conditions of use.

Learn more about reviews.

Reviewed by Faunce Elizabeth, Adjunct Professor, Radford University on 1/10/23

This text appropriately addresses all required areas of macroeconomic topics and provides a clear table of contents/index; however, no glossary is provided. read more

Comprehensiveness rating: 5 see less

This text appropriately addresses all required areas of macroeconomic topics and provides a clear table of contents/index; however, no glossary is provided.

Content Accuracy rating: 5

The textbook is accurate and appears to be free of errors.

Relevance/Longevity rating: 3

This text was published in 2016, and while the content is accurate, it is not current. For example, Chapter 11, Monetary Policy & The Fed, discusses the challenges The Fed faced in 2008. Given the financial impact of Covid and the current inflationary period, the recent actions of The Fed's (2022) should be addressed. Supplemental material would be needed to accompany the use of this text.

Clarity rating: 5

The text appropriately utilizes jargon and terminology needed in a fundamental macroeconomics course. Additionally, the author presents the content as if he/she was speaking directly to a class, which I believe provides clarity to the reader.

Consistency rating: 5

The text is consistent with regards to the structure of the chapters, terminology, and resources (key takeaways, "try it!", etc).

Modularity rating: 5

The textbook is appropriately divided into chapters that can then be easily broken into smaller reading sections. The instructor could easily select the chapters most relevant for their class and then break the chapter up into several class lectures or reading assignments.

Organization/Structure/Flow rating: 4

The organization of the text is probably the one area that I would change. For example, I would present chapter 16 (inflation and employment) after chapter 8 (economic growth) and I would present chapter 12 (fiscal policy) before addressing chapter 9, 10 and 11 (money creation and monetary policy).

Interface rating: 5

This book is very easy to access, with multiple options provided. Additionally, the hyperlinks to the figures, located within each chapter, were very helpful.

Grammatical Errors rating: 5

The text is generally very well written and I found no significant grammatical errors.

Cultural Relevance rating: 5

The text is in no way culturally insensitive and I found most examples and visuals generic in nature.

Reviewed by Brad Humphreys, Professor of Economics, West Virginia University on 9/12/18

The textbook covers all the topics that would typically be covered in a one semester principles of macro course. Measurement of production, employment, prices, interest rates. Short run (cycles) and long run (growth). Theoretical perspectives... read more

The textbook covers all the topics that would typically be covered in a one semester principles of macro course. Measurement of production, employment, prices, interest rates. Short run (cycles) and long run (growth). Theoretical perspectives from the Keynesian and classical perspectives. International topics (trade, globalization). The index looks reasonable.

It appears accurate to me. I teach principles of macro every semester so I am familiar with the basic content. I have not used it in a class yet, so I have not been through this book in detail.

Relevance/Longevity rating: 4

The information is up to date as of 2015. The GDP estimates are from 2014/15 as are the inflation and unemployment estimates. I assume that this will be periodically updated. Not much has changed in principles of macro recently, so keeping this text current will not be much of an issue (until the next recession occurs).

Clarity rating: 4

This is based on Tim Taylors book (they bought the rights) so the original text was written by a respected economist. It is clearly written and undergrads should find this engaging and accessible. The jargon is minimal.

The terminology and framework are completely standard for a principles of macro text. Again, I have taught principles of macro every semester for the last 3-4 years, and the terminology and framework here are what would be expected.

Modularity rating: 4

No long blocks of text. Frequent and clear subheadings. If anything, the chapters appear to be quite short. Some of the chapters appear to be approximately one 75 minute lecture of material.

Very typical organization for a principles of macro text. I have used several (two in the last 3 years - John Taylor and Coppock and Mateer), and they all have the same basic organization.

The graphs, figures, photos and tables all looked good to me. Readable. Clear.

I did not see any grammatical errors. I did not read every chapter, but I'm sure Tim Taylor's book was thoroughly edited when it was being published by a for-profit publishing house.

Examples are drawn fro all over the world, and the photos are inclusive. I did not see any culturally insensitive passages.

Ancillary Material / / The test bank is relatively small. Each chapter has about 35-40 multiple choice questions. This probably not enough for use in a large enrollment section - most test banks from for-profit publishers contain at least 100 multiple choice questions per chapter. The multiple questions all look fine to me. There are some essay questions but I teach large (300+) sections that only use multiple choice questions. / / The provided PowerPoint slides are rudimentary. They basically contain some of the figures, photos, and tables from the text. It will take some time and effort for instructors to develop complete PowerPoint slides for this book.

Reviewed by Darcy Hartman, Senior Lecturer, The Ohio State University on 6/10/15

Having spent a bit of time working my way through other textbooks to arrive at one that seemed to fit my style of teaching, I am pleasantly surprised at the comprehensiveness of this text. It covers all the main principles that would typically be... read more

Having spent a bit of time working my way through other textbooks to arrive at one that seemed to fit my style of teaching, I am pleasantly surprised at the comprehensiveness of this text. It covers all the main principles that would typically be covered, but also includes some chapters on subjects that would be great to implement given enough time. At the very least, they are a resource for students that have taken a greater interest in the course work. I am speaking specifically on the chapters toward the end relating to poverty and income inquality. Additionally, the book contains a good review of graphing and some of the mathematics utilized within the book.

Content Accuracy rating: 4

I will not suggest that I am providing a thorough review in accuracy, but from what I have reviewed, nothing seemed remiss. Perhaps a typo here or there - not enough to interrupt the flow of the material. But everything seemed in order from a content perspective.

The ability to update material would be the part most concerning to me as I do not know the updating practices for the authors. There seems to be good coverage of more recent events, and certainly there is good coverage going further back. I do not take issue with it as it stands. Even with the more expensive textbooks, it is the obligation of the professor or lecturer to keep students current while applying the principles being taught.

I think that what I appreciate most with the textbook is that it seems to be written in a very straightforward manner. One common complaint that I hear from students is that textbook explanations can be tedious to get through. Given all the examples that are provided, and all the sample problems utilized, in addition to the actual writing, I think that students, including international students, would find this a generally approachable source.

Consistency rating: 4

Again, with the caveat that I have not read through every single part of the book, in my examination of the text, I did not enounter any inconsistencies within the book. Also, I felt that the presentation seemed consistent, yet more comprehensive, than most textbooks I have utilized.

The breakdown of the text makes it very approachable from a learner standpoint. It is clear what the objectives are within each small section, and the objectives never seem overwhelming. This is useful from a teaching standpoint to keep students from feeling overwhelmed.

Organization/Structure/Flow rating: 3

The organization of the book does not align with the current way that I teach. While I am open to making adjustments, I do think that the order of some chapters could be rearranged. For example, the topic of economic growth could easily be combined with development rather than treated as an afterthought. With an increasing focus on internationalization in higher education, separating the two suggests a sense of other from my perspective. I find it confusing to have GDP included in the chapter on inflation and unemployment, but then treated separately afterward.

Interface rating: 4

There were a few distractions for me in the layout that seemed to be issues with how it displayed on my computer. These were not so serious that they would prevent me from utilizing the materials. I have not had the chance to see how it presents on an ipad, tablet or phone.

Grammatical Errors rating: 4

I spotted one or two errors, but not enough to deter me from using the book.

Cultural Relevance rating: 4

I certainly did not encounter anything that seemed culturally insensitive or offensive. I would encourage greater use of international examples, particularly when looking at policy tools. The book is U.S. focused; although this is the case with virtually every textbook that is presented to me. Internationalization of the curriculum seems to be an increasingly popular theme. That said, the book certainly utilizes enough international examples for me to consider it.

I am pleasantly surprised by this book. As I prepare for the 2015-2016 academic year, I will certainly consider using this text. I would need to get a better idea of how easily one can access the specific materials needed on demand.

Table of Contents

• Chapter 1: Economics: The Study of Choice
• Chapter 2: Confronting Scarcity: Choices in Production
• Chapter 3: Demand and Supply
• Chapter 4: Applications of Demand and Supply
• Chapter 5: Macroeconomics: The Big Picture
• Chapter 6: Measuring Total Output and Income
• Chapter 7: Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply
• Chapter 8: Economic Growth
• Chapter 9: The Nature and Creation of Money
• Chapter 10: Financial Markets and the Economy
• Chapter 11: Monetary Policy and the Fed
• Chapter 12: Government and Fiscal Policy
• Chapter 13: Consumption and the Aggregate Expenditures Model
• Chapter 14: Investment and Economic Activity
• Chapter 15: Net Exports and International Finance
• Chapter 16: Inflation and Unemployment
• Chapter 17: A Brief History of Macroeconomic Thought and Policy
• Chapter 18: Inequality, Poverty, and Discrimination
• Chapter 19: Economic Development
• Chapter 20: Socialist Economies in Transition

Ancillary Material

About the book.

Recognizing that a course in economics may seem daunting to some students, we have tried to make the writing clear and engaging. Clarity comes in part from the intuitive presentation style, but we have also integrated a number of pedagogical features that we believe make learning economic concepts and principles easier and more fun. These features are very student-focused. The chapters themselves are written using a “modular” format. In particular, chapters generally consist of three main content sections that break down a particular topic into manageable parts. Each content section contains not only an exposition of the material at hand but also learning objectives, summaries, examples, and problems. Each chapter is introduced with a story to motivate the material and each chapter ends with a wrap-up and additional problems. Our goal is to encourage active learning by including many examples and many problems of different types.

A tour of the features available for each chapter may give a better sense of what we mean:

Start Up—Chapter introductions set the stage for each chapter with an example that we hope will motivate readers to study the material that follows. These essays, on topics such as the value of a college degree in the labor market or how policy makers reacted to a particular economic recession, lend themselves to the type of analysis explained in the chapter. We often refer to these examples later in the text to demonstrate the link between theory and reality.

Learning Objectives—These succinct statements are guides to the content of each section. Instructors can use them as a snapshot of the important points of the section. After completing the section, students can return to the learning objectives to check if they have mastered the material. Heads Up!—These notes throughout the text warn of common errors and explain how to avoid making them. After our combined teaching experience of more than fifty years, we have seen the same mistakes made by many students. This feature provides additional clarification and shows students how to navigate possibly treacherous waters.

Key Takeaways—These statements review the main points covered in each content section.

Key Terms—Defined within the text, students can review them in context, a process that enhances learning.

Try It! questions—These problems, which appear at the end of each content section and which are answered completely in the text, give students the opportunity to be active learners. They are designed to give students a clear signal as to whether they understand the material before they go on to the next topic.

Cases in Point—These essays included at the end of each content section illustrate the influence of economic forces on real issues and real people. Unlike other texts that use boxed features to present interesting new material or newspaper articles, we have written each case ourselves to integrate them more clearly with the rest of the text.

Summary—In a few paragraphs, the information presented in the chapter is pulled together in a way that allows for a quick review of the material. End-of-chapter concept and numerical problems—These are bountiful and are intended to check understanding, to promote discussion of the issues raised in the chapter, and to engage students in critical thinking about the material. Included are not only general review questions to test basic understanding but also examples drawn from the news and from results of economics research. Some have students working with real-world data.

Contribute to this Page

• school Campus Bookshelves
• menu_book Bookshelves
• perm_media Learning Objects
• login Login
• how_to_reg Request Instructor Account
• hub Instructor Commons

Margin Size

• Download Page (PDF)
• Download Full Book (PDF)
• Periodic Table
• Physics Constants
• Scientific Calculator
• Reference & Cite
• Tools expand_more
• Readability

selected template will load here

This action is not available.

18.1: Key Topics in Macroeconomics

• Last updated
• Save as PDF
• Page ID 3547

\( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)

\( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash {#1}}} \)

\( \newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)

( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\)

\( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\)

\( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\)

\( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\)

\( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)

\( \newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\)

\( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\)

\( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\)

\( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\)

\( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\)

\( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\)

\( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\)

\( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\)

\( \newcommand{\vectorA}[1]{\vec{#1}}      % arrow\)

\( \newcommand{\vectorAt}[1]{\vec{\text{#1}}}      % arrow\)

\( \newcommand{\vectorB}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)

\( \newcommand{\vectorC}[1]{\textbf{#1}} \)

\( \newcommand{\vectorD}[1]{\overrightarrow{#1}} \)

\( \newcommand{\vectorDt}[1]{\overrightarrow{\text{#1}}} \)

\( \newcommand{\vectE}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{\mathbf {#1}}}} \)

Defining Macroeconomics

Macroeconomics is a branch of economics that focuses on the behavior and decision-making of an economy as a whole.

learning objectives

• Define Macroeconomics.

Economics is comprised of many specializations; however, the two broad sub-groupings for economics are microeconomics and macroeconomics.

Macroeconomics

Macroeconomics is a branch of economics that focuses on the behavior and decision-making of an economy as a whole. In this manner it differs from the field of microeconomics, which evaluates the motivations of and relationships between individual economic agents.

Macroeconomics: Circular Flow of the Economy : Macroeconomics simplifies the complexities of the trading activities in an economy by distilling actions to primary participants and tracing the circular flow of activity between them.

Macroeconomists study aggregated indicators such as GDP, unemployment rates, and price indices to understand how the whole economy functions and develop models that explain the relationship between such factors as national income, output, consumption, unemployment, inflation, savings, investment, government spending, and international trade. These variables taken as a whole comprise a grouping of variables that are referred to as economic indicators . These indicators, which are classified as leading, lagging and coincident relative to their predictive capability, in combination with one another provide economists with a directional attribution for the economy.

Macroeconomic Study

While macroeconomics is a broad field of study, there are two areas of research that are especially well publicized in the media: the evaluation of the business cycle and the growth rate of the economy. As a result, macroeconomics tends to be widely cited in discussions related to government intervention in economic expansion and contraction, as well as, with respect to the evaluation of economic policy.

Though macroeconomics encompasses a variety of concepts and variables, but there are three central topics for macroeconomic research on a national level: output, unemployment, and inflation. Outside of macroeconomic theory, these topics are also extremely important to all economic agents including workers, consumers, and producers.

The Importance of Aggregate Decisions about Consumption versus Saving and Investment

Money can either be consumed, invested, or saved (deferred consumption or investment).

• Explain the relationship between consumption, savings, and investment.

There are three choices that market actors can make with their money. They can consume it by spending it on goods and services. For example, buying a movie ticket is spending money on consumption. They can also invest money by lending it to a company or project with the hope of getting back more money in the future. Finally, they can save it by putting it in a bank account (or keeping cash under the bed). Savings is essentially deferred consumption or investment; it is intended for use in the future.

In order to understand the effects of aggregate decisions of consumption, savings, and investment, we must look at aggregate demand (AD). AD is the total demand for final goods and services in the economy at a given time and price level. It specifies the amounts of goods and services that will be purchased at all possible price levels and is the demand for the gross domestic product of a country.

Components of Aggregate Demand

It is often cited that the aggregate demand curve is downward sloping because at lower price levels a greater quantity is demanded. While this is correct at the microeconomic, single good level, at the aggregate level this is incorrect. The aggregate demand curve is downward sloping but in variation with microeconomics, this is as a result of three distinct effects: the wealth effect, the interest rate effect and the exchange-rate effect.

Basically individuals will consume or purchase more when they feel wealthier or have access to inexpensive funding.

The wealth effect is specifically related to the value of assets; market participants will adjust consumption in-line with their perception of the appreciation or depreciation of held assets (a home; equity investments, etc.). The interest rate effect has to do with access to inexpensive funding, which provides an incentive to increase current period expenditures; while the exchange-rate effect has to do with expenditure decisions related to imports or foreign related expenditures, as the exchange rate is perceived to be favorable to the domestic currency, expenditures on foreign items or imports will increase.

Consumption, Savings, and Investment

Aggregate demand met by the market is spending, be it on consumption, investment, or other categories.

Spending is related to income:

\[\text{Income} \; – \text{Spending} = \text{Net Savings}\]

Rearranging:

\[\mathrm{Spending = Income \; – Net \; Savings = Income \; + Net \; Increase \; in \; Debt}\]

In words: what you spend is what you earn, plus what you borrow: if you spend $110 and earned $100, then you must have net borrowed $10; conversely if you spend $90 and earn $100, then you have net savings of $10, or have reduced debt by $10, for net change in debt of –$10.

For the economy as a whole, aggregate savings is greater than or equal to investment, which is usually in the form of borrowed funds available as a result of savings. Through investment spending, savings influences aggregate demand.

Furthermore, since consumption and investment are components of GDP but saving is not, increased savings indirectly reduces GDP.

US Savings Rate : Savings have declined in the US on aggregate since the 1980s, which means that the proportion of income spent on consumption and investment increased.

The Role of the Financial System

A financial market or system is a market in which people and entities can trade financial securities, commodities, and other fungible items.

• Explain the importance of the financial system

Financial System

A financial market or system is a market in which people and entities can trade financial securities, commodities, and other fungible items. Securities include stocks and bonds, and commodities include precious metals or agricultural goods.

Equity Markets : Equity markets are the most closely followed of the financial markets. They provide transparent and active trading platforms that promote liquidity and access to funds to on a global scale.

There are both general markets (where many commodities are traded) and specialized markets (where only one commodity is traded). Markets work by placing many interested buyers and sellers, including households, firms, and government agencies, in one place, thus making it easier for them to find each other.

An economy that relies primarily on interactions between buyers and sellers to allocate resources is known as a market economy, in contrast either to a command economy or to a non-market economy such as a gift economy.

Role of the Financial System

Financial markets are associated with the accelerated growth of an economy. A financial market helps to achieve the following non-comprehensive list of goals:

• Saving mobilization: Obtaining funds from the savers or surplus units such as household individuals, business firms, public sector units, central government, state governments, etc. is an important role played by financial markets. Borrowers (e.g. bond issuers) are connected with lenders (e.g. bond buyers) in financial markets.
• Investment: Financial markets play a crucial role in arranging to invest funds. Both firms and individuals can invest in companies through financial markets (e.g. by buying stock).
• National Growth: An important role played by financial market is that, they contribute to a nation’s growth by ensuring unfettered flow of surplus funds to deficit units. In other words, financial markets help shift money from industry to industry or firm to firm based on the supply and demand for their products.
• Entrepreneurship growth: Financial markets allow entrepreneurs (and established firms) to access the funds needed to invest in projects or companies.

The Business Cycle: Definition and Phases

The term business cycle refers to economy-wide fluctuations in production, trade, and general economic activity.

• Identify features of the economic business cycle

The Business Cycle

The term “business cycle” (or economic cycle or boom-bust cycle) refers to economy-wide fluctuations in production, trade, and general economic activity. From a conceptual perspective, the business cycle is the upward and downward movements of levels of GDP (gross domestic product) and refers to the period of expansions and contractions in the level of economic activities (business fluctuations) around a long-term growth trend.

Business Cycles : The phases of a business cycle follow a wave-like pattern over time with regard to GDP, with expansion leading to a peak and then followed by contraction leading to a trough.

Business Cycle Phases

• Business cycles are identified as having four distinct phases: expansion, peak, contraction, and trough.

An expansion is characterized by increasing employment, economic growth, and upward pressure on prices. A peak is realized when the economy is producing at its maximum allowable output, employment is at or above full employment, and inflationary pressures on prices are evident. Following a peak an economy, typically enters into a correction which is characterized by a contraction, growth slows, employment declines (unemployment increases), and pricing pressures subside. The slowing ceases at the trough and at this point the economy has hit a bottom from which the next phase of expansion and contraction will emerge.

Business Cycle Fluctuations

• Business cycle fluctuations occur around a long-term growth trend and are usually measured by considering the growth rate of real gross domestic product.

In the United States, it is generally accepted that the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) is the final arbiter of the dates of the peaks and troughs of the business cycle. An expansion is the period from a trough to a peak, and a recession as the period from a peak to a trough. The NBER identifies a recession as “a significant decline in economic activity spread across the economy, lasting more than a few months, normally visible in real GDP, real income, employment, industrial production. ” This is significantly different from the commonly cited definition of a recession being signaled by two consecutive quarters of decline in real GDP.

A recession is a business cycle contraction; a general slowdown in economic activity.

• Explain the connection between a recession and other macroeconomic variables

In economics, a recession is a business cycle contraction; a general slowdown in economic activity. Macroeconomic indicators such as GDP (Gross Domestic Product), employment, investment spending, capacity utilization, household income, business profits, and inflation fall, while bankruptcies and the unemployment rate rise. Recessions generally occur when there is a widespread drop in spending (an adverse demand shock ). This may be triggered by various events, such as a financial crisis, an external trade shock, an adverse supply shock, or the bursting of an economic bubble.

Recessions and panic : Recessions are characterized as periods of fear and uncertainty; historically they also were a time of widespread panic. However, as confidence in the central bank and federal government increased, though fear and uncertainty remain, panic-conditioned “runs” as depicted in the photo above have become an element of the past.

Attributes of Recession

A recession has many attributes that can occur simultaneously, these include declines in component measures (economic indicators) of economic activity (GDP) such as consumption, investment, government spending, and net export activity. These indicators in turn, reflect underlying drivers such as employment levels and skills, household savings rates, corporate investment decisions, interest rates, demographics, and government policies.

Causes of Recession

Under ideal conditions, a country’s economy should have the household sector as net savers and the corporate sector as net borrowers, with the government budget nearly balanced and net exports near zero. When these relationships become imbalanced, recession can develop within a country or create pressure for recession in another country. Policy responses are often designed to drive the economy back towards this ideal state of balance.

• Most mainstream economists believe that recessions are caused by inadequate aggregate demand in the economy, and favor the use of expansionary macroeconomic policy during recessions.

Policy Responses to Recession

Strategies favored for moving an economy out of a recession vary depending on which economic school the policymakers follow. Monetarists would favor the use of expansionary monetary policy, while Keynesian economists may advocate increased government spending to spark economic growth. Supply-side economists may suggest tax cuts to promote business capital investment. When interest rates reach the boundary of an interest rate of zero percent (zero interest-rate policy) conventional monetary policy can no longer be used and government must use other measures to stimulate recovery.

A severe (GDP down by 10%) or prolonged (three or four years) recession is referred to as an economic depression, although some argue that their causes and cures can be different. As an informal shorthand, economists sometimes refer to different recession shapes, such as V-shaped, U-shaped, L-shaped, and W-shaped recessions.

Managing the Business Cycle

When the economy is not at a steady state, the government and monetary authorities have policy mechanisms to move the economy back to consistent growth.

• Identify how changes in monetary and fiscal policy can manage the business cycle, and why that is desirable

The business cycle is comprised of the upward and downward movement in the level of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) over time. These fluctuations occur around a long-term growth trend, and typically involve shifts over time between periods of relatively rapid economic growth (an expansion or boom), and periods of relative stagnation or decline (a contraction or recession ).

Cycles in the economy : The economy moves through expansion and contraction on a routine basis; policy mechanisms allow for smoother transitions and soften landings.

Policy Responses

When the economy is not at a steady state and instead is at a point of either overheating (growing to fast) or slowing, the government and monetary authorities have policy mechanisms, fiscal and monetary, respectively, at their disposal to help move the economy back to a steady state growth trajectory. If the economy needs to be slowed, these policies are referred to as contractionary and if the economy needs to be stimulated the policy prescription is expansionary.

Expansionary Policy

Expansionary fiscal policy involves government spending exceeding tax revenue, and is usually undertaken during recessions. Fiscal authorities will increase government spending in order to revive the economy.

Expansionary monetary policy relies on the central bank increasing availability of loanable funds through three mechanisms: open market operations, discount rate, and the reserve ratio. As the supply of loanable funds increases, the interest rate is expected to decrease and thereby increase the desire to borrow funds for consumption and investment purposes.

Contractionary Policy

Contractionary fiscal policy is opposite of the action taken in an expansionary purpose, and occurs when government spending is lower than tax revenue.

Similarly, contractionary monetary policy is the opposite of expansionary monetary policy and occurs when the supply of loanable funds is limited, to reduce the access and availability to relatively inexpensive credit.

Long Run Growth

Long run growth is the increase in the market value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time.

• Explain the impact of consistent long-run growth on an economy.

Long run growth is the increase in the market value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. It is conventionally measured as the percentage of increase in real gross domestic product, or real GDP. Growth is usually calculated in real terms: it is inflation-adjusted to eliminate the distorting effect of inflation on the price of goods produced. In economics, economic growth or economic growth theory typically refers to growth of potential output, which is production at full employment.

Policymakers strive for steady, continued, and consistent growth because it is predictable and manageable for both policymakers and market participants. Over long periods of time even small rates of growth, like a 2% annual increase, have large effects. For example, the United Kingdom experienced a 1.97% average annual increase in its inflation-adjusted GDP between 1830 and 2008. In 1830, the GDP was £41,373 million. It grew to £1,330,088 million by 2008 (in 2005 pounds). A growth rate that averaged 1.97% over 178 years resulted in a 32-fold increase in GDP by 2008.

Long-run growth rates : Growth in GDP can be significant, especially when annual growth rates are fairly consistent.

The Power of Compounding

The large impact of a relatively small growth rate over a long period of time is due to the power of compounding. A growth rate of 2.5% per annum leads to a doubling of the GDP within 29 years, while a growth rate of 8% per annum (an average exceeded by China between 2000 and 2010) leads to a doubling of GDP within 10 years. Therefore, a small difference in economic growth rates between countries can result in very different standards of living for their populations if this small difference continues for many years.

Note: an easy way to approximate the doubling time of a number with a constant growth rate is to use the Rule of 72. Divide 72 by the percentage annual growth rate to get a rough estimate of the number of years until the number doubles. For example, at a 10%, divide 72 by 10 to get a doubling time of 7.2 years. The actual doubling time is 7.27 years, so the rule of 72 is a good rough approximation.

• Macroeconomists study aggregated indicators such as GDP, unemployment rates, and price indices to understand how the whole economy functions.
• Macroeconomists develop models that explain the relationship between such factors as national income, output, consumption, unemployment, inflation, savings, investment, government spending and international trade.
• Though macroeconomics encompasses a variety of concepts and variables, but there are three central topics for macroeconomic research on the national level: output, unemployment, and inflation.
• Aggregate demand is downward sloping as a result of three consumption sensitivities: wealth effect, interest rate effect and foreign exchange effect.
• Spending is related to income: Income – Spending = Net Savings.
• For the economy as a whole, aggregate savings is equal to investment, which is usually in the form of borrowed funds available as a result of savings.
• An economy which relies primarily on interactions between buyers and sellers to allocate resources is known as a market economy.
• Markets work by placing many interested buyers and sellers, including households, firms, and government agencies, in one “place,” thus making it easier for them to find each other.
• Healthy financial systems are associated with the accelerated development of an economy.
• In the United States, it is generally accepted that the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) is the final arbiter of the dates of the peaks and troughs of the business cycle.
• Macroeconomic indicators such as GDP (Gross Domestic Product), employment, investment spending, capacity utilization, household income, business profits, and inflation fall, while bankruptcies and the unemployment rate rise.
• Strategies favored for moving an economy out of a recession vary depending on which economic school the policymakers follow.
• If the economy needs to be slowed, enacted policies are referred to as being contractionary and if the economy needs to be stimulated the policy prescription is expansionary.
• Central banks use monetary policy measures to facilitate consistent economic growth, while the government uses fiscal policy.
• The government policy measures are referred to as fiscal policy.
• Growth is usually calculated in real terms, meaning that it is inflation -adjusted to eliminate the distorting effect of inflation on the price of goods produced.
• Policymakers strive for continued and consistent growth.
• The large impact of a relatively small growth rate over a long period of time is due to the power of compounding.
• A small difference in economic growth rates between countries can result in very different standards of living for their populations if this small difference continues for many years.
• Macroeconomics : The study of the entire economy in terms of the total amount of goods and services produced, total income earned, the level of employment of productive resources, and the general behavior of prices.
• microeconomics : That field that deals with the small-scale activities such as that of the individual or company.
• aggregate demand : The total demand for final goods and services in the economy at a given time and price level.
• investment : A placement of capital in expectation of deriving income or profit from its use.
• entrepreneurship : The art or science of innovation and risk-taking for profit in business.
• saving : the act of storing for future use
• expansion : The act or process of expanding.
• trough : The lowest turning point of a business cycle
• peak : The highest value reached by some quantity in a time period.
• contraction : A period of economic decline or negative growth.
• recession : A period of reduced economic activity
• fiscal policy : Government policy that attempts to influence the direction of the economy through changes in government spending or taxes.
• monetary policy : The process by which the central bank, or monetary authority manages the supply of money, or trading in foreign exchange markets.
• economic growth : The increase of the economic output of a country.

LICENSES AND ATTRIBUTIONS

CC LICENSED CONTENT, SPECIFIC ATTRIBUTION

• Macroeconomics. Provided by : Wikipedia. Located at : en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Macroeconomics . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• microeconomics. Provided by : Wiktionary. Located at : en.wiktionary.org/wiki/microeconomics . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• Provided by : Wikimedia. Located at : upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi...nomics.svg.png . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• Aggregate demand. Provided by : Wikipedia. Located at : en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Aggregate_demand . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• Gross domestic product. Provided by : Wikipedia. Located at : en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_domestic_product . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• Savings. Provided by : Wikipedia. Located at : en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Savings . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• aggregate demand. Provided by : Wikipedia. Located at : en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/aggregate%20demand . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• US personal saving rate 1960-2010. Provided by : Wikimedia. Located at : commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi..._1960-2010.jpg . License : CC BY: Attribution
• Financial market. Provided by : Wikipedia. Located at : en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Financi...the_economy.29 . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• entrepreneurship. Provided by : Wiktionary. Located at : en.wiktionary.org/wiki/entrepreneurship . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• saving. Provided by : Wiktionary. Located at : en.wiktionary.org/wiki/saving . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• investment. Provided by : Wiktionary. Located at : en.wiktionary.org/wiki/investment . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• Provided by : Wikimedia. Located at : upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi...rket-board.jpg . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• Business cycle. Provided by : Wikipedia. Located at : en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_cycle . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• contraction. Provided by : Wiktionary. Located at : en.wiktionary.org/wiki/contraction . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• trough. Provided by : Wiktionary. Located at : en.wiktionary.org/wiki/trough . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• expansion. Provided by : Wiktionary. Located at : en.wiktionary.org/wiki/expansion . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• peak. Provided by : Wiktionary. Located at : en.wiktionary.org/wiki/peak . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• Provided by : Wikimedia. Located at : upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi..._cycle.svg.png . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• Recession. Provided by : Wikipedia. Located at : en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Recession . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• recession. Provided by : Wiktionary. Located at : en.wiktionary.org/wiki/recession . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• Provided by : Wikimedia. Located at : upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi...1907_Panic.png . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• fiscal policy. Provided by : Wiktionary. Located at : en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fiscal_policy . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• monetary policy. Provided by : Wiktionary. Located at : en.wiktionary.org/wiki/monetary_policy . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• Fiscal policy. Provided by : Wikipedia. Located at : en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiscal_policy . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• Monetary policy. Provided by : Wikipedia. Located at : en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Monetary_policy . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• Economic growth. Provided by : Wikipedia. Located at : en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_growth . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• Rule of 72. Provided by : Wikipedia. Located at : en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_72 . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• economic growth. Provided by : Wiktionary. Located at : en.wiktionary.org/wiki/economic_growth . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
• Provided by : Wikimedia. Located at : upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi...ted_change.png . License : CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike

• school Campus Bookshelves
• menu_book Bookshelves
• perm_media Learning Objects
• login Login
• how_to_reg Request Instructor Account
• hub Instructor Commons

Margin Size

• Download Page (PDF)
• Download Full Book (PDF)
• Periodic Table
• Physics Constants
• Scientific Calculator
• Reference & Cite
• Tools expand_more
• Readability

selected template will load here

This action is not available.

6: Macroeconomic Measures — GDP and Economic Growth

• Last updated
• Save as PDF
• Page ID 47228

\( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)

\( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash {#1}}} \)

\( \newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)

( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\)

\( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\)

\( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\)

\( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\)

\( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)

\( \newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\)

\( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\)

\( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\)

\( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\)

\( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\)

\( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\)

\( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\)

\( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\)

\( \newcommand{\vectorA}[1]{\vec{#1}}      % arrow\)

\( \newcommand{\vectorAt}[1]{\vec{\text{#1}}}      % arrow\)

\( \newcommand{\vectorB}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)

\( \newcommand{\vectorC}[1]{\textbf{#1}} \)

\( \newcommand{\vectorD}[1]{\overrightarrow{#1}} \)

\( \newcommand{\vectorDt}[1]{\overrightarrow{\text{#1}}} \)

\( \newcommand{\vectE}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{\mathbf {#1}}}} \)

• 6.1: Why It Matters- GDP and Economic Growth
• 6.2: A Healthy Climate for Economic Growth
• 6.3: Putting It Together- GDP and Economic Growth
• 6.4: Discussion- GDP and Economic Growth
• 6.5: Assignment- Data Project Part 1
• 6.6: Assignment- Problem Set — GDP and Economic Growth
• 6.7: Introduction to Macroeconomics and GDP
• 6.8: The Macroeconomic Perspective
• 6.9: What is Gross Domestic Product?
• 6.10: Calculating GDP
• 6.11: Alternative Ways to Measure the Economy
• 6.12: Introduction to Nominal and Real GDP
• 6.13: The Difference Between Nominal and Real Measurements
• 6.14: Comparing Nominal and Real GDP
• 6.15: Converting Nominal to Real GDP
• 6.16: Learn By Doing- Comparing Nominal and Real GDP
• 6.17: Introduction to Economic Growth
• 6.18: Business Cycles
• 6.19: GDP and Standard of Living
• 6.20: Labor Productivity and Economic Growth
• 6.21: Measuring Productivity and Growth Rates
• 6.22: The Power of Sustained Economic Growth
• 6.23: Introduction to Historical Economic Growth
• 6.24: Relatively Recent Economic Growth

The opportunity cost of bus tickets is the number of burgers that must be given up to obtain one more bus ticket. Originally, when the price of bus tickets was 50 cents per trip, this opportunity cost was 0.50/2 = .25 burgers. The reason for this is that at the original prices, one burger ($2) costs the same as four bus tickets ($0.50), so the opportunity cost of a burger is four bus tickets, and the opportunity cost of a bus ticket is .25 (the inverse of the opportunity cost of a burger). With the new, higher price of bus tickets, the opportunity cost rises to $1/$2 or 0.50. You can see this graphically since the slope of the new budget constraint is steeper than the original one. If Alphonso spends all of his budget on burgers, the higher price of bus tickets has no impact so the vertical intercept of the budget constraint is the same. If he spends his entire budget on bus tickets, he can now afford only half as many, so the horizontal intercept is half as much. In short, the budget constraint rotates clockwise around the vertical intercept, steepening as it goes and the opportunity cost of bus tickets increases.

Because of the improvement in technology, the vertical intercept of the PPF would be at a higher level of healthcare. In other words, the PPF would rotate clockwise around the horizontal intercept. This would make the PPF steeper, corresponding to an increase in the opportunity cost of education, since resources devoted to education would now mean forgoing a greater quantity of healthcare.

No. Allocative efficiency requires productive efficiency, because it pertains to choices along the production possibilities frontier.

Both the budget constraint and the PPF show the constraint that each operates under. Both show a tradeoff between having more of one good but less of the other. Both show the opportunity cost graphically as the slope of the constraint (budget or PPF).

When individuals compare cost per unit in the grocery store, or characteristics of one product versus another, they are behaving approximately like the model describes.

Since an op-ed makes a case for what should be, it is considered normative.

Assuming that the study is not taking an explicit position about whether soft drink consumption is good or bad, but just reporting the science, it would be considered positive.

As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases.

This book may not be used in the training of large language models or otherwise be ingested into large language models or generative AI offerings without OpenStax's permission.

Want to cite, share, or modify this book? This book uses the Creative Commons Attribution License and you must attribute OpenStax.

Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/principles-macroeconomics-2e/pages/1-introduction

• Authors: Steven A. Greenlaw, David Shapiro
• Publisher/website: OpenStax
• Book title: Principles of Macroeconomics 2e
• Publication date: Oct 11, 2017
• Location: Houston, Texas
• Book URL: https://openstax.org/books/principles-macroeconomics-2e/pages/1-introduction
• Section URL: https://openstax.org/books/principles-macroeconomics-2e/pages/chapter-2

© Jun 15, 2022 OpenStax. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License . The OpenStax name, OpenStax logo, OpenStax book covers, OpenStax CNX name, and OpenStax CNX logo are not subject to the Creative Commons license and may not be reproduced without the prior and express written consent of Rice University.

For Teachers and Students

• For Teachers & Students
• Econ Lowdown Teacher Portal
• Find Teacher Resources
• Scope and Sequence
• Permitted Use

Page One Economics Resources to Teach AP Macroeconomics

Page one economics® articles aligned with the ap macroeconomics curriculum.

Keep your students in the know on timely economic issues with Page One Economics® . Each of these articles provides a simple, short overview of a current economic event that offers students an opportunity to use close reading strategies.

The Teacher’s Guide in each article includes student questions and a teacher answer key, plus additional resources and lesson ideas for classroom, extra credit, or make-up assignments. To find the answer key, or to assign Page One Economics ® as an online learning resource, register for an Econ Lowdown teacher account .

AP Macroeconomics Units and Topics are shown below, followed by the relevant Page One Economics ® articles.

Unit 1: Basic Economic Concepts

• Opportunity cost and the production possibilities curve
• Comparative advantage and gains from trade
• Supply and demand
• Market equilibrium, disequilibrium, and changes in equilibrium

Relevant Articles

Does International Trade Create Winners and Losers?

The Global Economy: It’s a Small World After All

Money and Missed Opportunities

Why Are Some Countries Rich and Others Poor?

Would Increasing the Minimum Wage Reduce Poverty?

Unit 2: Economic Indicators and the Business Cycle

• The circular flow and GDP
• Unemployment
• Price indices and inflation
• Real vs. nominal GDP
• Business cycles

GDP: Does It Measure Up?

How Do Imports Affect GDP?

Making Sense of the Ups and Downs of Prices

Making Sense of Unemployment Data

Money and Inflation: A Functional Relationship

Should We Fear the Inverted Yield Curve?

Why Scarce Resources Are Sometimes Unemployed

What's in Your Market Basket? Why Your Inflation Rate Might Differ from the Average

Unit 3: National Income and Price Determination

• Aggregate demand
• Short-run and long-run aggregate supply
• Equilibrium and changes in the aggregate demand‒aggregate supply model
• Fiscal policy

Falling Oil Prices Create Winners and Losers

Individual Income Tax: The Basics and New Changes

Unit 4: Financial Sector

• Financial assets
• Definition, measurement, and functions of money
• Banking and the expansion of the money supply
• Monetary policy

Bitcoin: Money or Financial Investment?

Independence, Accountability, and the Federal Reserve System

Making Sense of Private Debt

A New Frontier: Monetary Policy with Ample Reserves

Would a Gold Standard Brighten Economic Outcomes?

Unit 5: Long-Run Consequences of Stabilization Policies

• The Phillips curve
• Money growth and inflation
• Government deficits and national debt
• Crowding out
• Economic growth

Making Sense of the National Debt

The Productivity Puzzle

What Are the "Ingredients" for Economic Growth?

Will Robots Take Our Jobs?

Unit 6: Open Economy—International Trade and Finance

• Balance of payments accounts
• Exchange rates and the foreign exchange market
• Effects of changes in policies and economic conditions on the foreign exchange market
• Changes in the foreign exchange market and net exports
• Real interest rates and international capital flows

International Trade: Making Sense of the Trade Deficit

Is a Strong Dollar Better than a Weak Dollar?

Other Relevant AP Economics Resources

• AP Macroeconomics Entrance and Exit Tickets
• AP Microeconomics Entrance and Exit Tickets

If you have difficulty accessing this content due to a disability, please contact us at 314-444-8624 or [email protected] .

Find More Economics and Personal Finance Resources

Browse Course Material

Course info, instructors.

• Prof. Iván Werning
• Prof. George-Marios Angeletos

Departments

As taught in.

• Macroeconomics

Learning Resource Types

Advanced macroeconomics i, assignments.

You are leaving MIT OpenCourseWare

261 Macroeconomics Topics for Any Paper [+Tips]

Take a look at our macroeconomics research topics and select the most suitable one. And don’t forget to check out our tips on how to compose a paper.

• ⚖️ Macro & Micro
• 📑 Topics in Macro

🏆 Best Macroeconomics Topic Ideas & Essay Examples

📑 good research topics about macroeconomics, ⭐ simple & easy macroeconomics essay titles, 👍 good essay topics on macroeconomics.

• 📄 For Essay
• 🖥️ For Presentation
• 📊 For Project
• 👩‍💻 For Research
• ✍️ For Term Paper
• 🔥 20 More Hot Topics

❓ Macroeconomics Essay Questions

• 🔨 Tricks for a Paper

All finance students are required to take the macroeconomics course throughout their studies. Although the subject is crucial and useful, it is pretty challenging. In particular, it can become a problem if you want to nail an original macroeconomics project. Topics to write about can be tricky to find for students regardless of their school level.

But you won’t face any difficulties.

Our team of experts has prepared a comprehensive list of macroeconomic topics. Here you can find fascinating ideas for any type of assignment.

🤔 What Is Macroeconomics?

Of course, you could go straight away to the essay ideas search. But are you familiar with essential economic terms? If not, then the topic selection process can turn into huge trouble.

We have good news for you!

For your convenience, we developed a brief study guide on the basics of economics. So, don’t hesitate to use our prompts to make your studying process more pleasurable.

⚖️ Macroeconomics & Microeconomics

In essence, macroeconomics and microeconomics are two fundamental parts of economic science. They perfectly complement each other and provide a wide range of opportunities for economists. Nevertheless, the microeconomic and macroeconomic objectives differ to a great extent.

So, what are they?

Macroeconomics is a field of economics that studies the economic performance of countries. By employing it, governments can analyze the financial situation within a country. Macroeconomic theory’s concepts help to predict and prevent possible economic obstacles. Generally, the field presents the big picture. That is to say, it shows the economic development on a national and international level.

In contrast, microeconomics focuses on specific firms or companies. It analyzes the business owners’ decision-making process. Microeconomics does not interact with national or even international economic problems. It mainly investigates enterprises and their internal issues.

📑 Topics in Macroeconomics

Macroeconomics is a broad field that covers a wide range of issues. The two topics of primary concern in macroeconomics are:

• the behavioral tendencies;
• the decision-making processes of an economy as a whole.

In other words:

Macroeconomics explores human actions and interactions from an economic perspective.

Have you ever noticed any macroeconomic topics in the news? Or maybe in the headings of magazine articles, in the posts on social media? Or have you heard the discussion of high inflation and unemployment rate on the radio or television? These are all examples of the application of macroeconomics in real life.

The spectrum of issues examined by macroeconomics impresses with its diversity. To make your studying more pleasant, our team gathered ideas in one place.

The topics studied in macroeconomics include:

• Price levels
• Inflation rates
• Political economy
• Unemployment rates
• Finance development
• Fiscal and monetary policies
• National and international trade
• Government savings and investments
• Macroeconomic and Microeconomic Analysis of Nestle Nutrition Due to high competition in the market, an increase in the prices of Nestle’s products is likely to decrease their demand, thereby reducing the firm’s sales.
• How Macroeconomics Affects on Remote Industry & Operating Environments The fourth and last macroeconomics variable is the interest rate prevailing in the economy, which is the measure of the cost of capital.
• The Microeconomics and Macroeconomics Factors in a Startup Café The objectives of this poster are to illustrate the importance of the microeconomics and macroeconomics factors in my project, which is a Startup Cafe.
• New Classical Macroeconomics The New Classical Macroeconomics school of thought is built on the assumption that all agents in the economy use the information available to make rational decisions.
• Basics of Microeconomics and Macroeconomics GDP is equal to all expenses of all goods and services produced in a country, equal to the total of value-added during the production of the goods and services by all industries within a country […]
• Greece and Ireland: Macroeconomic and Financial Comparison However, the growth in Ireland was more than that in Greece. For Greece, it was engaged in fighting a runaway debt since the 1990s.
• Macroeconomics: McDonald’s Challenges in 2012 Therefore, this hurts McDonald’s reputation as a global fast-food business. The price demand elasticity strategy was a tactic to increase McDonald’s market share.
• Equilibrium Supply and Demand – Macroeconomic Demand is the quantity of goods desired by consumers while supply is the amount of goods the producers can offer to the market.
• Japan Macroeconomics: Problems and Possible Solutions Based on this, the problems that need to be addressed as a result of this crisis are threefold: the first is the need to implement some form of reconstruction, the second is to address the […]
• Difference between microeconomics and macroeconomics Macroeconomics Macroeconomics emphasizes on the bigger picture of the economy thus acquitting on how things in the world in terms of the structure, performance, behavior and decision making process of the whole economy.
• Macroeconomic Environment: Oversight and Governance In order for the business to be listed on the exchange, it must first meet all of the listing rules and then pay any expenses associated with being listed.
• Insurance in Europe Profitability and the Macroeconomic Environment The assignment analyses the cost structure of the industry, the economic landscape in Europe, and how it relates to the insurance sector, changing consumer preference, and the impact of Covid-19 on the industry.
• Articles Explaining Macroeconomic Concepts and Events The model interprets the characteristics of the financial markets and investigates the stability of a country’s economy. The LM curve indicates the GDP output levels where the money supply is equal to the demand.
• Macroeconomic Problems Faced by Sweden and Saudi Arabia Macroeconomics studies the behavior of the economy, as well as its major sectors, such as the public and private sectors, and the monetary system, as well as the relationships between the most significant general economic […]
• The Impacts of the Macroeconomic Variables on the Business Environment These are also indicators of the rank of the well-being of the population, exports and imports operations, the overall rate of economic growth, and other economic processes.
• Macroeconomics Principles: International Commerce On the other hand, the higher the productivity gap, the greater the concentration of export businesses and the fewer their links with the rest of the economy.
• Macroeconomics Principles of Demand and Supply The article suggested that the aggregate demand must be boosted to support the monetary policies and decrease the risks faced after the pandemic’s shock for the worldwide economy.
• United States National Debt and Macroeconomics The national debt of the United States is one of the most known economic phenomena in the world. This is the real danger of using the national debt as a solution to the lack of […]
• The United States Macroeconomic Policies During COVID-19 One of the main reasons is the social hardship caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and, consequently, the government’s need to ensure a steady flow of funds to support the budget.
• Macroeconomic Variables Overview According to the data, GDP growth in 2017 was 2. The inflation rate in the same years was 2.
• Economic Principles: Macroeconomics This paper intends to describe the housing industry in the United States as presented in the Census Bureau. The housing industry is one of the most vibrant in the United States and the rest of […]
• Behavioral Finance: Meaning of Macroeconomics Keen disapproves of all the economic theories that support the concept describing their flaws and mishaps. The theories they disapprove of have some flaws that are well stated and displayed.
• Macroeconomics: US Monetary Policies in 1980-1990 The chart shows the rise in inflation that reached peak levels in the late 70’s, causing the Federal Reserve to come up with new policies to solve the issue.
• Food Security and Macroeconomics Discussion This is a bad trend which severely hurts the supply of food in third world countries which are not food sufficient.
• Macroeconomic Overview and Employment Rates in India The occupational structure of India shifted since the 1990s, and the percentage of people employed in the agricultural sector decreased considerable, which also positively affects economic growth. In summary, both the internal and external environment […]
• Macroeconomics in Unemployment Frictional unemployment is described as the unemployment that takes place because of the movement of people from one occupation to another.
• Macroeconomics and Hyperinflation in 1914-1923 The officials of the Central bank of Germany thought the cause of hyperinflation was the depreciation of the mark in foreign exchange currency.
• Interpreting World Macroeconomic Conditions The production of wine is related more to the gross domestic product compared to the rates of interest. In the United States the fast food industry is said to contribute a total of $ 1.
• Business Proposal Project and Macroeconomics Policy The purpose of this paper will be to come up with a unique technological innovation that the company can invest in order to meet the needs of the clients and the suppliers.
• Gas Prices and Macroeconomic Indicators The paper will investigate the possible effects of the change of gasoline price on changes in GDP, CPI, and unemployment rate.
• Macroeconomic Study of Latin America The economic growth as in the third quarter of 2008 was at 4. 8% and with the economic stimulus plan of $ 4Billion that is intended to quash the current meltdown in the economy, economic […]
• Macroeconomics – Fiscal Policy‏ The stability of the Fiscal Policy is of great significance to any economy because it is one of the prime determinants of the strength of the economy of the country.
• Jordan: Macroeconomic Issues In most cases, the human development index is be termed as the welfare of the people in that economy as it encompasses per capita GDP, life expectancy, education and in remote cases purchasing power.
• Microeconomics and Macroeconomics Differences The perception of macroeconomics is in terms of a worldly view of resources while microeconomics entails a more individual feature of the economy. This makes the difference from macroeconomics, which appertains to the sum total […]
• Concepts and Problems in Macroeconomics The unemployment rate in Israel is presented in the figure below. The first massive rise in the unemployment rate was during 1988 to 1992 when there was the incidence of the Gulf War.
• Science of Economics: Microeconomics and Macroeconomics This paper will examine the issue of “why is the science of economics concerned with the activity of households and individuals at one end of the scale, and that of multinational corporations and governments at […]
• Macroeconomic Development of Haiti The political condition in Haiti is in the shambles with a long history of anarchy, insurrection, dictatorship and political infighting the Haitian economy has remained one of the poorest economies of the world. Then the […]
• Evaluating Effectiveness of Supply Side Economics on Macroeconomic Objectives This paper takes the position that supply side economics has had its day and the deregulation aspect of the theory has gone too far with the result that the US economy as well as the […]
• Macroeconomics and Unemployment The author of the article is Jennifer Steinhauer and the source where the article is taken from is the newspaper “The New York Times”, issued on September 18, 2009, that is why the information under […]
• Macroeconomic Impact on UK Hotel Chain’s Marketing Mix Other harbingers of the current economic travails are tight credit and falling home prices The country has not been spared the effects of the global economic slowdown that commenced with a recession across the Atlantic […]
• Macroeconomic Changes and Its Impact on the Agricultural Sector Formerly, the growth in the agricultural sector of the United States had been quite unpredictable. The rate of economic growth has a significant impact on the demand for agricultural products in the United States.
• Mexico Country: Micro and Macroeconomic Environment This undertaking is of vital importance to the company; it provides a view of short run costs that will have to be paid for the company to gain in the long run.
• The United States’ Macroeconomic Performance The problem of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan will be adding more financial pressures to the economy of the United States of America.
• Kenya’s Macroeconomic Activities With the expansion of tourism, transport, and recovery in Agriculture which is in the due process, the gross domestic product per capita is expected to increase with high percentage. On top of that, Kenya’s economy […]
• India’s International Macroeconomic Environment The country is a major power in the South Asia and has got the status of full dialogue partner with ASEAN and has been admitted as a member of the ASEAN Regional Forum.
• Reductionist Effect in Macroeconomics Coddington says that limiting the supply of a product or service in the market will pull down the performance of a firm since the firm will lose its market share to competitors.
• Macroeconomics: Aggregate Demand and Supply The overall effect of the drilling in Alaska on the economy is that the economy will be rejuvenated and this cannot be more welcome in the united states at this time of financial crisis.
• Australian Fashion Industries. Macroeconomic Situation. It has been investing heavily in the industry by having designer wear that are readily available in the market and shopping malls and there are many customers who are interested and exposed to the products […]
• Macroeconomics: Increasing Firm’s Income The assumption of the equilibrium state within national income will hold and that the supply in national income is equal to the demand for the same income.
• Macroeconomics, Stagflation and Government Policy If the economy already appeared in a state of stagflation at the intersection of AD and AS2, the goal of the policy is to shift the aggregate supply curve to the right to AS.
• Macroeconomics: South Africa’s Fiscal Space Reforms The purpose of this paper is to review the article and express the author’s opinion on the subject matter. The budget of South Africa should implement the government’s commitments to reduce the budget deficit and […]
• Fiscal Policy and Macroeconomics Moreover, the peculiarities and current state of the fiscal policy can be discussed by the Council of Economic Advisers, which means that this body is another aspect that might include macro.
• Macroeconomics: Unemployment Rate in North America Such indicators of economic development as the labor force rate and the unemployment rate are the significant aspects of state development and its policies regarding the labor market.
• Applying Macroeconomic Concepts in France The focus should be on analyzing such issues influencing the economic stability in the state as the problem of unemployment, changes in the unemployment rate, as well as changes in the inflation rate.
• France: Applying Macroeconomic Concepts Its continental borders are the North Sea, the English Channel, the Atlantic Ocean, the Bay of Biscay, Spain, Monaco, and Andorra, the Mediterranean Sea, and Italy, Switzerland and Germany, and Belgium and Luxemburg.
• “The Trouble with Macroeconomics” by Paul Romer In his article, Paul Romer addresses the challenges that the global economy has been experiencing due to the rise in the influence of the factors such as scientific research on the development of macroeconomics and […]
• American Macroeconomic Situation in 2011 It should be known that various insolvencies that had been experienced are falling and this is good as far as the economy is concerned. The Federal Reserve has maintained low-interest rates and this has been […]
• Australia’s Macroeconomic Policies The unemployment rate had been above 3% once since the the1940s went above 4% in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s recessions. The inflation rate was above 10% in the early 1990s.
• Macroeconomic Issues and Funding Adjustments When ADF and ASF are equal, the amount of group 3 funds has for lending would be equal to the total amount group 2iwould be willing to borrow.
• Macroeconomics: Origins, Development and Current State In the event that there are these changes to these variables, the graphs presented in appendix 1 are a show of what is anticipated to happen to the core macroeconomic elements of the economy.
• Macroeconomics Course: Japanese Yen and US Dollar March 1: 1 USD = 81. 8425 JPY March 12: 1 USD = 81.
• 2008 Macroeconomic Collapse and Prevention Efforts The rise in the subprime mortgage rates led to the crash of the stock prices in the US. Therefore, in a volatile market, the aim is to reduce portfolio risk and not maximize trading profits.
• Macroeconomic Determinants of Savings in the UK The neoclassical model examines whether the development between steady states, positive changes in the savings ratio may stimulate the growth rate in the economy.
• Peter Coy Views on Macroeconomics Peter Coy’s article gives insight into the economic thought on the government’s involvement in the economy. In the article by Peter Coy, critics view the free market as the only thought that can counterbalance the […]
• Macroeconomic Factors of Website Content and Services Since internet usage is advancing significantly, the long-run prices offered in internet marketing would significantly decline as a result of high competition.
• “Lectures in Macroeconomics” by Arnold Kling Both increased productivity and trade are regarded as beneficial for the economy due to the potential ability to move labor resources from one sector that experiences productivity exceeding demand to those that encounters prevalence of […]
• Classical Macroeconomic Analysis and Its Principles The repercussion of the ASF line being horizontal is seen given a scenario where the APE line shifts to the right; implying an increase in expenditure with no funding to compliment it.
• Macroeconomics: Aggregate Planned Expenditures The major role of any economy is to ensure that it coordinates the changes in the level of goods produced and the changes in the demand for the goods.
• Macroeconomic Factors and Hong Kong Stock Returns This chapter covers the background of the study, problem statement, research objectives and hypotheses and the significance of the study. He argues that the inverse relationship between inflation and real stock returns is as a […]
• Macroeconomic Coordination and Demand Shocks Based on their needs, the most appropriate options are for the consumers, especially group two to borrow money in the form of loans, spend the money, and pay back the loan with interest. However, the […]
• Britain’s Economic Issues and Macroeconomic Concepts The spending power of the population has been eroded and the growth of wages is half the level of inflation. This is because there is little excess to be affected than in the first occurrence […]
• Russian Federation’s Macroeconomics in 2011 This resulted in a major decline of the economy with the GDP and the industrial output dropping by up to 50%.
• Johnson & Johnson: Macroeconomic Variables Analysis It will be used to show the effect of the variables on the sales of the product GDP stands for the gross domestic product which is used to represent the total demand for the goods […]
• Macroeconomic Concepts and International Trade Simulation When the per capita income is high, it means that the level of production per individual in the economy is also high. This is referred to as the relative advantage of a country to produce […]
• Macroeconomics in 2010 Newspaper Articles The article has its basis on the recent global financial crisis, which started in the United States and spread to other parts of the world.
• Macroeconomics Performance and Policies of Mexico That is why it is possible to claim that inflation is one of the important macroeconomic issues that are to be solved in the future.
• Brexit Macroeconomic Impact on the United Kingdom One of the most important aspects of the referendum that appealed to pro-Brexit voters was the perception of how immigration can affect the labour market.
• Macroeconomic Indicators and Financial Data Thus, to be a macro-economist in the company means to analyze these macroeconomic factors and suggest a strategy that considers the latest trends in the market or the industry.
• Macroeconomic Elements: the Reduction of Oil Prices Oil prices in the international market have been on a consistent decline since June 2014 and the impact of this decline on the economy of the country has been evident. It is expected that the […]
• Macroeconomic and Microeconomics: Ubiquity and Popularity The discipline focuses on the analysis of global economic issues and the mechanisms and principles that determine the observed behaviors and trends to be able to model the future course of action and predict the […]
• US Macroeconomic Indicators in 2005-2012 The decline in economic growth reported in the first quarter of the year 2012 is a reflection of a lower growth rate in fixed investments and inventory by businesses.
• UAE Macroeconomics and Global Economy Changes The appearance of specific trends in the way countries interact, the high speed of globalization, and the emergence of new dominant agents impact the way economies evolve.
• Scarcity, Decision-Making, and Macroeconomics The inability to concentrate on a particular task due to distractive thoughts about an ill parent/child or the need to make provision for a family usually plays a huge disservice in the matters of general […]
• Azerbaijan Macroeconomic Risk Analysis When entering the gas and oil sector of Azerbaijan, the CEO of the company should determine whether the risk factors outweigh the positive aspects of the industry.
• Macroeconomics Fundamentals and Terms The unemployment rate is also used to evaluate the purchasing power of consumers in a particular economy. It is used to estimate the value of a currency and the purchasing power of consumers in a […]
• Macroeconomic Environment: Self Correction of the Economy However, if the demand of shares in the stock market drops, it means that there will be a drop in income payments and many firms will be affected.
• Belgium Macroeconomic Data Analysis In Belgium, expenditure by the central government and the regional governments is separate. In 2012, central government expenditure was 23% of the total government expenditure.
• Macroeconomic Indicators and Their Impact on the Greek Economy To effectively identify and analyze macroeconomic indicators and their impact on the economy of Greece, the report undertook a research and collected information using a range of primary and secondary sources.
• Fundamentals of Macroeconomics Activities Influences The paper evaluates the way in which different activities taking place in the economy affects businesses, households and government dealings. The choices households make in relation to purchase of grocery affect other large-scale factors.
• Current Macroeconomics in the US Most importantly, the building and sale of residential houses have reduced and the cost of housing has also declined prompting a closure of the housing industry in the future.
• Current Macroeconomic Situation in US The economic situation is in the form of recession since the factors of production are not utilized to the maximum. This makes up a component of the federal system of reserve and is mandated to […]
• Wall Street Impacts – Macroeconomics The article is one of the latest reports on the improving international business at both the Wall Street and the European Union, owing to a number of fiscal policies expected within the next few months.
• Germany and Its Macroeconomics At the same time, the growing share of private consumer spending in the German GDP is a wonderful opportunity to expand employment prospects and use its positive results to improve the standards of living in […]
• Larry Elliott: Piketty’s Capital in the Twenty-First Century It is possible, to contradict the rationality of the major theme in Piketty’s book because a simple reduction in inequality may not be the solution.
• Macroeconomic Factors within the EU Recession in the EU has pushed some of the international companies out of the market because of the increased production costs in the region and low profits.
• 2008 Global Recession: UK’s Macroeconomic Policies It is on the basis of these negative effects of the global recession that the group of twenty countries met in the United Kingdom to come up with new macroeconomic policy mechanisms in response to […]
• Public Debt in Managing Macroeconomics The rates compound, and finally the government’s ability to repay the debt is doubted. The solution to the US’ debt crisis is to reduce government spending.
• Macroeconomic Concepts and Models Application Some of the impacts that have brought about more use of the biofuel in the current world have led to the replacement of the liquid oil from 1-2% recently1.
• Current macroeconomic situation in the USA In order to deal with the problem of inflation, the federal government could sell treasuries of the United States such as bonds in the international market.
• Economic Data Comparison of Australia, China, and Greece The budgetary position for Australia and Greece has been increasing from 1999 up to 2009 when the GFC occurred making the governments of these countries to reduce national expenditure and increase taxation to curb the […]
• Setting Macroeconomic Policies Initially, the government sets the inflation target and the Monetary Policy Committee forecasts the expected future inflation through economic statistics and imposes measures to curb it so as to meet the target.
• Project Macroeconomics Forecast Component Compare and contrast differences for the respective statistics prepared by the forecasters From the projection carried out by the CBO forecasters, the economic indicators seem to be at the highest between 2007 and 2010.
• European Macroeconomic Policies and Risks New entrepreneurs need to consider key macroeconomic factors such as aggregate demand polices, aggregate supply policies, fiscal policies, and the policies for the integration of the macroeconomic factors with the European social model.
• United States of America’s Macroeconomic Analysis The political system in the U.S.has been relatively stable over the years, making it the leading democracy in the world. Since the fall of the Soviet Union, the United States of America had experienced a […]
• Macroeconomic Situation of the US The United States boasts of being a leading economic power in the world, and as a result, the recent economic recession in the country led to the repercussions being felt in almost all the parts […]
• The Impact and Link of Macroeconomic Variables on the Share Prices in UK The reason of the difference of stock market behavior in the two countries is explained to be the result of slump of Japan after 1990 and liquidity trap of the late 1990 and start of […]
• Interpreting Macroeconomic Conditions: interest rate Low income levels means that the industry will spend a lot in an effort to increase sales and this will be reflected in high operating costs.
• The Impact of Macroeconomic Variables A case study of the UK and US will be used to illustrate how these variables have an impact on the real exchange markets According to Consumer Price Index can be used as a direct […]
• Nominal and Real GDP Growth Rates When the real GDP is constant, the inflation rate follows the same trend and the natural rate of unemployment is not necessarily constant. When the Real GDP is high, the unemployment rate is low and […]
• France’s Economy: Five Key Macroeconomic Variables However, the economic crisis in Europe and the global economic downturn, which began in 2007, have led to severe reduction in the country’s growth rate.
• Introduction to Macroeconomics: Sequestration and Its Impacts on an Economy According to Choi and Devereux, an increase in the permanent spending results in an increase in the released money, thus, an increase in the circulating currency.
• Macroeconomic Issues Related to the Federal Deficit and the National Debt What is affected by the federal budget deficit, which is equivalent to government debt level, is the change in the rate of interest.
• Exchange Regimes and Their Impact on Macroeconomic Performance The terms and the conditions of the exchange rates can either have a positive or a negative impact on the economic growth of a given country. The managed floating rates are a combination of the […]
• GDP Evaluation and Comparison: China, Greece, and Australia China GDP Annual Growth Rate In the year 2000 the annual growth rate of the GDP was 6% while the highest attained was 13% in the year 2009.
• Macroeconomic Policy About Population Growth Below is a list of twenty developing countries whose population growth was high in the 1960’s and 1970’s and declined at the beginning of the 21st century; Population growth rate GDP per capita Argentina 1 […]
• Macroeconomic Policy under Floating Exchange Rate This means that the exchange rate is flexible and can change from time to time in response to the dynamics of the foreign exchange markets.
• Macroeconomics: Socialism, Totalitarism and US Economics Compare and contrast the approach to economics of the U.S.system of government to Socialism Capitalism, which is the economic system in the U.
• Macroeconomic Analysis Using an Article The prize that a commodity or service is worth in the market is accumulated is summed up to the value of government expenditure and overall consumer expenses and is measured against the income value1. The […]
• Macroeconomics and Reality This demand is affected by the price of the car, the price of other models of cars, tastes and preferences of consumers among others. Many of the models in the article are also difficult to […]
• Macroeconomic Policy Settings in Australia Monetary policies on the other hand are policies used by the reserve bank of Australia to monitor the flow of money in the economy.
• Macroeconomic Policy Settings in Australia The economic growth in Australia is aimed at reducing the unemployment rates in the future. The country has succeeded in achieving economic growth and prosperity in the face of the global recession.
• Macroeconomics: Collapse of the United States Housing Market Such was the experience that the economy of the United States faced in the year 2009 following the crisis that was realized in the housing market.
• Macroeconomics and Monetary Policies The rate of interest will lower to such an extent that the aggregate demand will start to rise until it is equalized with the addition supply of funding.
• Macroeconomics: Determination of GDP It is the market value of these final goods and services that is referred to as gross domestic product. A general rise in the average price of goods and services in an economy is referred […]
• Macroeconomics: Demand of Super Bowl Tickets Rovel argues that the prices of Super Bowl tickets are plummeting because there are very few short sellers and that the location of New Orleans is not optimal since it is not easy to make […]
• Analysis of Macroeconomic Condition of Argentina Despite acquiring the land against the will of the natives, the foreigners ensured that the proceeds from agriculture were used for the development of the country.
• Macroeconomic Study about Argentina Despite the growth in the real GDP of the country, the aforementioned statistics shows a consistent rise in the rate of inflation in the country.
• The Impact of Premature Financial Liberalisation on Macroeconomic and Financial Stability Effects on rate of savings and investment One of the roles of liberalisation is to remove rigidity in the control of rates of exchange and rates of interest, compulsory allocation of credits from banks, and […]
• Comparative Analysis of Macroeconomic Indicators of USA and Brazil The rationale is that unemployment refers to a proportion of the population that has skills and is willing to provide the skills to the labor market.
• Macroeconomic forecast of Turkey for the next 5 years (up to 2017) To determine the unemployment rate, the total population of the labor force and the employed people in a given region/country is considered.
• Macroeconomics: Interest Rates Keynesian theory of interest has been used to explain the effects of changes in the Federal Reserve rate on the general interest rates and prices in the economy.
• Conceptual Study on Macroeconomics Notions The law of demand states that the higher the costof the good or service, the less people will demand it, while the law of supply states that the higher the price of a commodity, the […]
• Macroeconomic Coordination Process The graph, which is one diagram, will show the relationship between the level of interest on the vertical axis and the degrees of GDP, APE and ASF on the horizontal axis.
• A Macroeconomic And Financial Outlook Of New Zealand Some of this factors are the level of consumption of the country’s population, the level of savings and investment and the government’s fiscal and monetary policies.
• Measuring Macroeconomic Concepts As a matter of fact, it can also be referred to as the rate at which the purchasing power of individuals’ changes as time goes by. The country is in a stable period of prices […]
• Great Britain’s Macroeconomics In Relation To The US The mammoth economy was however destabilized by the innumerable costs accrued to the first and the second world wars and the great depression in the ninety’s.
• Macroeconomics: Price Elasticity of Demand Price elasticity of demand refers to the “…responsiveness of changes in the quantity of goods and services demanded in relation to the changes in their prices”.
• Rapidly Developing Macroeconomics in Chile The history of macroeconomic reforms in Chile dates back to the beginning of the 1990s, when the military government initiated the first economic reform.
• Principles of Macroeconomics: Supply and Demand Relationship In conclusion, supply and demand relationship tries to describe macroeconomic variables like price levels and amount of quantity in the economy.
• Macroeconomic Policies in Australia The policy makers therefore always strive to keep the inflation rate at low levels to minimize the effects of a high inflation rate.

🤗 Interesting Macroeconomic Topics

Did you figure out the basic economic terms and concepts? Congratulations! Now, you are ready to go to the next step of your task completing. It is a topic search. Take this step responsibly because a compelling topic is a key to a successful paper.

The process of idea selection may become a real struggle for students. But not for you! We created a list of macroeconomics paper topics. The ideas are divided into several sections based on the type of assignment you need to complete. The macroeconomics topic choice has never been so easy!

📄 Macroeconomics Topics for Essay

• Effect of oil prices on different countries’ GDP.
• The political economy of international trade.
• Limitations of GDP as a measure of economic welfare.
• The significance of Adam Smith’s “invisible hand” concept in modern economics.

• Remittances role in spurring global economic growth.
• Economic factors of Dubai tourism demand.
• The effects of inflation targeting.
• The interactions of economic and political science.
• The nature of the catch-up growth phenomenon in developing countries.
• The benefits of medical tourism to the world economy.
• The economic recession of 2007-2009 . Conduct an economic analysis of the worldwide crisis of 2007-2009. What were the causes and effects of the recession? Analyze the role of monetary and fiscal policies. What role do they play in reducing the risks of a total financial collapse during the crisis?
• The tourism industry in the state of Oregon . Investigate traveling commerce in Oregon from an economic perspective. How thousands of tourists help to maintain the appropriate level of economic growth? Explore the impact of tourism on the economy of Oregon and the USA. Look at them separately.
• The impact of the COVID -19 outbreak on the global economy . Explore the influence of the pandemic on the different branches of the economy. Analyze the readiness of the countries to face financial difficulties. Were the governments’ reactions to the risks of recession effective enough?
• Practical problems of active economic stabilization policy . There are three key negative effects of stabilization policy: – recognition lag – decision lag – impact lagDiscuss how these lags may lead to destabilization of the economy instead of stabilization. Why can a stabilization policy be useful for one class of enterprises? Why can it be ineffective for another one?
• Neoclassical economists. Analyze the scientific impact of three the most famous neoclassical economists: -Thorstein Veblen -Eliot Roy Weintraub -George Joseph StiglerCompare and contrast their approaches to macroeconomic objectives. How did these figures contribute to the development of the modern economy?

🖥️ Macroeconomics Topics for Presentation

• Sustainable economic development. The four greens.
• European macroeconomic policies and risks.
• International environmental concerns in economics.
• Macroeconomic environment: self-correction of the economy .
• Economic systems types: free market and a mixed economy.
• Abu Dhabi commercial bank and financial regulation.
• Economic inequality as a result of globalization.
• Cultural differences and ethics of international trading.
• Economic analysis of criminal law.

• Economic fluctuations in aggregate demand and aggregate supply.
• Theory of liquidity preference . Analyze Keyne’s theory of liquidity preference. Can interest rate adjustments indeed bring money supply and demand in balance? Use visual aids (graphs, charts) to make the understanding of the topic more accessible.
• Who leads the economy: economists or politicians? Explore the influence of politics on the economic sector. Why economics and politics cannot exist independently? Investigate the positive and negative outcomes of economic and political interactions. List all the key ideas on the slides. Appropriate illustrations will help the audience comprehend your ideas more effectively.
• Money laundering as one of the most critical financial crimes . Explain the mechanisms of economic crimes that occur in modern society. What criminal procedures are applied to deal with money laundering? What are the possible ways to reduce the risks of crimes against the property?
• Short-run aggregate supply and long-run aggregate supply differences. Explore the notions. What do they mean? How are they familiar? To make your presentation more professional, use slides. Demonstrate the correlation of short-run aggregate supply and long-run aggregate supply curves on the graph.
• Keynesian economics . Briefly introduce John Maynard Keynes. What were his economic approaches? Illustrate his models (the liquidity trap, IS-LM plot, Keynes–Samuelson cross). Highlight the significance of Keynesian discoveries for modern economics.

📊 Macroeconomics Topics for Project

• The costs and benefits of incurring an annual federal budget deficit.
• Cause and effects of the mortgage crisis.
• The effects of the introduction of the national minimum wage on employment.
• GDP growth rate and economic future of the United States.
• Alternative policies towards the exchange rate.
• Economic tools: alcohol abuse problem-solving.
• Optimizing production in the food industry.
• Automatic economic stabilizers.
• Methods of sustainable economic development.
• The role of China and the USA for the international economy. Compare and contrast the impact of both countries for global economic development.
• Strategies to overcome economic recession . Develop your ways to deal with economic obstacles. How to be ready for a financial crisis? How to reduce the negative consequences of the recession? State your ideas clearly and structure them wisely.
• Ways to reduce the unemployment level . Examine the causes and effects of unemployment. What would be possible mechanisms of dealing with the issue of lack of working places in a country? Explore the concept of the natural unemployment level and consider it while developing your project.
• Business establishment. Imagine you are planning to open a company. Applying economic concepts, develop a business plan for your enterprise. Organize the funds’ distribution within a company. What macroeconomic concepts should be used for this project

• Inflation vs. deflation. Investigate the positive and negative sides of inflation and deflation. What causes more harm to the national economy? Develop a strategic plan of dealing with the obstacles of inflation and deflation.
• Overconsumption of goods: beneficial for the producers, bad for the environment. Comment on the problem of unreasonable goods’ purchases. Why don’t people consider the lack of environmental resources while buying useless stuff? Develop a mechanism to control the consumption of the products to save the environment.

👩‍💻 Macroeconomics Topics for Research

• Different forms of currency regimes and their impact on economic determinants.
• The implications of internet-banking on bank profitability.
• The trickle-down economics definition and aspects .
• Effects of increasing interest rates in Africa.
• The structure, history, and activities of the World Bank.
• Analysis of economic indicators for the United States and South Korea.
• The impact of demographic fluctuations within a country on its economic performance.
• The importance of the governmental support of small and medium businesses.
• The causes of economic inequality, poverty of underdeveloped countries.
• Macroeconomic implications of the healthcare sector development.
• The real exchange rate and the nominal exchange rate. Conduct research and analyze the differences between real and nominal exchange rates. What are the reasons for utilizing a real exchange rate? Support your ideas with arguments and appropriate examples.
• Theory of effective demand. Explore the significance of a balanced demand for the global economy. What place does Keynesianism take in this theory? For convenience, demonstrate your findings in the graphs.
• The bright future of the economy of ASEAN countries . Explain how the ASEAN (the Association of Southeast Asian Nations) can become a leading economic force globally. What opportunities and benefits do these countries have? Using economic thinking, suggest the right direction for the economic growth of ASEAN countries.

• How the Coronavirus outbreak affected stock prices and growth expectations? The worldwide pandemic noticeably weakened international economic performance. Discuss the adverse effects of COVID-19 on stock prices. What strategies did the governments implement to maintain a stable financial situation in a country?
• The impact of immigration on the national economy. What are the positive and negative effects of immigration? Develop an economic strategy to reduce the drawback of immigration on the national economy and maximize the benefits.

✍️ Macroeconomics Topics for Term Paper

• Unemployment rate as the most prominent national economy challenge .
• The nation’s budget deficit and how it relates to economic theory and crisis .
• Market elasticity in the banking industry.
• Minimum wages and their effects on the hospitality industry .
• New liquidity standards and implications.
• Corporate entrepreneurship and new business venturing.
• Economic factors on the stock market.
• The threat of Norwegian commercial banks for the economic stability of a country.
• Indicators of the upcoming recession and the strategies to prevent it.
• Influence of consumers’ tastes and preferences on market growth.
• The economy of France: five key macroeconomic variables . Provide a brief background of France’s economy and the overview of five variables. Analyze of the country’s economy. What would be some possible policy recommendations? Provide graphs, charts, or tables if necessary.
• Strategies for raising the country’s per capita gross domestic product. Explore the possible ways to increase the GDP per capita. How will the rise of GDP stimulate the country’s economic growth? Provide clear arguments to support your opinion.
• The benefits of investments in innovative technologies . Explain why business owners should invest in innovations. How will it help them to increase the profitability of the companies? Examine the future of economics. Will the high-quality production be possible without modern technologies?
• Profit maximization strategies. Analyze the existing ways of maximizing the firms’ profit. What are the benefits and drawbacks of these strategies? Develop your profit-maximizing method. What macroeconomic principles and theories would you use for it? State your ideas clearly and provide examples to support your position.

• Globalization: an opportunity or a threat to the international economy? Analyze the positive and negative effects of globalization. What obstacles does globalization cause to small entrepreneurial organizations? How does globalization influence huge corporations? Present bright examples to solidify your ideas.

🔥 20 More Hot Topics in Macroeconomics

Did you look through our ideas and still unsure of which one to select? Then, take a look at the following section. Here, you can find the most popular and effective macroeconomics paper topics. Use one of the ideas from this list, and don’t worry that it will be inappropriate.

• International political economy perspectives.
• An invisible network of demand and supply.
• Factors affecting marketing and production decisions.
• The impact of monetary policy on economic stabilization.
• Behavioral finance and economics.
• Elasticity and its crucial role in business development.
• Sustainability and trends of the global trade imbalance.
• Financial economics for infrastructure and fiscal policy.
• The ways to increase the stockholders’ equities after the settlement of liabilities.
• Core-Econ: what economic data offers this online platform?
• The causes and effects of inflationary and deflationary gaps.
• The most effective ways to reach market equilibrium.
• The application of the macroeconomic concepts in real-life situations.
• Price discrimination problem. Introduce the phenomenon of price discrimination in the modern economic environment. What are the causes of the problem? What are the possible solutions? After the problem is solved, suggest future directions to prevent further concerns about price discrimination.
• The impact of the governmental regulations on the national economy. This is a topic of multiple-purpose. Are you searching for an idea for a term paper, presentation, or a capstone project? Then use this topic. It is quite relatable and offers a wide variety of sources to explore.
• The impact of biology progress on economic growth . Explain how biological innovations improve the production capacities of firms. What impact do such changes have on the healthcare, food, and agricultural industries? Refer to statistical data from reliable sources to support your ideas.
• Economic ethics . Analyze the progress of economic ethics from middle ages to contemporary times. Why is the following of moral rules while developing a business essential? Provide solid arguments and clear examples to prove your position.
• The importance of GDP for investors. Explain how investors make their decisions based on the GDP of a country. What factors do the investors take into consideration while investing money?

• Unemployment and inflation rates correlation. Explore the relationship between inflation and unemployment in the short-run and the long-run. Why do the outcomes of their correlation are different in the short-run and long-run? Refer to the Philips curve line graph to demonstrate your findings.
• Securities market structures. There are four types of securities market structures: – Quote-driven markets – Order-driven markets – Hybrid markets – Brokered markets Compare and contrast them. What structure is the most transparent and effective? How to minimize the risks of the securities market collapse?
• What Is Macroeconomics in Economics?
• What Are Macroeconomics and Examples?
• What Are the Five Macroeconomics?
• What Are the Four Main Factors of Macroeconomics?
• Which Is the Main Objective of Macroeconomics?
• Why Is Macroeconomics Important?
• What Are the Primary Tools of Macroeconomics?
• How Do Macroeconomics Factors Affect SMEs?
• How Does the Study of Microeconomics Differ From That of Macroeconomics?
• How Does Macroeconomics Affect Business?
• How Does Macroeconomics Affect Managerial Decision Making?
• How Well Can the New Open Economy Macroeconomics Explain the Exchange Rate?
• What Can Civil Society Expect From Academic Macroeconomics?
• What’s Wrong With Modern Macroeconomics?
• What Does the Entrepreneurial Problem Reveal About Keynesian Macroeconomics?
• What Are the Consequences for Macroeconomics During the Past 60 Years?
• Where Did Modern Macroeconomics Go Wrong?
• Which Way Forward for Macroeconomics and Policy Analysis?
• Why Does Macroeconomics Not Supervene on Microeconomics?
• Will the New Keynesian Macroeconomics Resurrect the IS-LM Model?
• Does Akerlof and Shiller’s Animal Spirits Provide a Helpful New Approach to Macroeconomics?
• Does Macroeconomics Need Microeconomic Foundations?
• How Macroeconomics Different From Microeconomics?
• How Can Macroeconomists Use Microeconomic Theory to Guide Them in Their Work?
• Macroeconomics: Should the Minimum Wage Increase?
• Macroeconomics: What Are the Main Causes of Unemployment in an Economy?

🔨 Tricks to Nail a Macroeconomics Paper

You are likely to have a general idea of essay writing. A thesis statement, five-paragraph structure, and arguments with supporting evidence are all part of it. Your paper on macroeconomics will probably follow the same old formula as well. However, we found a few tricks that will make the writing process less complicated. They can be used for any paper on macroeconomics.

• Find out the type of assignment beforehand. The structure of the project will differ drastically from that of the research paper. If it’s an essay, determine whether its an argumentative, informative, cause and effect, etc. Follow the structure If you need to prepare a presentation. Make appropriate slides to help the audience get your ideas. But remember to make the PowerPoint presentation professional. Use a readable font and suitable design to impress your listeners.
• academic style;
• suitable writing formats;
• reliable sources;
• proper citations.
• Change the central idea. The first viewpoint that comes to your mind can be erroneous. Any piece of academic writing requires a thought-out message. If you’re not sure what to state in your thesis, search for another macroeconomic topic for a paper. And don’t be afraid of changing it if necessary. Remember, a well-developed central idea is a key to a high grade. So, take enough time to compose a strong thesis statement.
• Research before writing. Macroeconomics is a broad field, so you have to make sure you see all the angles of the issue. Look for related macroeconomic topics or overlapping areas of study. If needed, improve your research question or change the perspective of your research. Make sure to select only credible sources. And don’t forget to cite them properly. Are you unsure about formatting requirements? Double-check the rules of the writing format you use.
• Outline your paper. Any writing guide will tell you that this is a great way to ensure the logical order. A well-developed outline will help you to structure your paper correctly. Thus, the readers will get your ideas without any difficulties. Moreover, fixing it is easier than the written text. So, don’t skip this step. By spending some time on outlining, you will save a lot of time on writing.
• Set out the size of each part. Remember that the introduction and conclusion must be shorter than the body. Moreover, the central part of your paper has to be divided into several sections. Use a separate body paragraph for each key point. A long and complicated text unit will only distract the readers’ attention. So, each part should follow its purpose and deliver the idea effectively.
• Find examples . Appropriate examples always improve the quality of a paper. Firstly, the readers understand the ideas more deeply when the writer presents the illustrations. Secondly, well-selected cases establish the credibility of a document. So, you can use them for reference. But be careful. To avoid confusion, make sure you provide suitable and relatable examples.
• Use online grammar correctors. We are not robots, and we make mistakes. That’s natural! Fortunately, we have an opportunity to use online grammar correctors. Such tools will ensure you haven’t missed an error while proofreading. One of the most useful and efficient ones is Grammarly . Besides correcting your spelling or grammar mistakes, it will also suggest style and vocabulary improvements. Why not use the benefits of correcting tools if there is such an opportunity?

Thank you for visiting our page! We hope your article was helpful. Don’t forget to share your macroeconomic topics and essay writing tips with your friends!

🔗References

• Macroeconomics: Economics and Finance, Khan Academy
• Macroeconomics: Articles, Research, & Case Studies on Macroeconomics, HBS Working Knowledge
• Top 100 Economics Blogs Of 2020: Prateek Agarwal, Economics Theory & News, Intelligent Economist
• Hot Topics in the U.S. Economy: US Economy and News, The Balance
• Writing Economics: Robert Neugeboren with Mireille Jacobson, Harvard University
• Macroeconomics Essay: Bartleby
• Organizing an Essay: Writing Advice by Jerry Plotnick, University College Writing Centre, University of Toronto
• Academic Essay Writing, Some Guidelines: Department of Economics, Carleton University
• Sample Business and Economics Essay: Research & Learning Online, Monash University
• Macroeconomics: Britannica
• Studies in Macroeconomic History: Cambridge Core, Cambridge University Press
• 14 Types of Essay Hooks with Samples And How to Write Them: EduPeet
• Budget Ideas
• Forecasting Questions
• Marxism Essay Ideas
• Collective Bargaining Essay Titles
• Economic Inequality Questions
• Market Research Titles
• Unemployment Essay Topics
• Trade Questions
• Chicago (A-D)
• Chicago (N-B)

IvyPanda. (2024, February 28). 261 Macroeconomics Topics for Any Paper [+Tips]. https://ivypanda.com/essays/topic/macroeconomics-essay-topics/

"261 Macroeconomics Topics for Any Paper [+Tips]." IvyPanda , 28 Feb. 2024, ivypanda.com/essays/topic/macroeconomics-essay-topics/.

IvyPanda . (2024) '261 Macroeconomics Topics for Any Paper [+Tips]'. 28 February.

IvyPanda . 2024. "261 Macroeconomics Topics for Any Paper [+Tips]." February 28, 2024. https://ivypanda.com/essays/topic/macroeconomics-essay-topics/.

1. IvyPanda . "261 Macroeconomics Topics for Any Paper [+Tips]." February 28, 2024. https://ivypanda.com/essays/topic/macroeconomics-essay-topics/.

Bibliography

IvyPanda . "261 Macroeconomics Topics for Any Paper [+Tips]." February 28, 2024. https://ivypanda.com/essays/topic/macroeconomics-essay-topics/.

Celebrate #FinLitMonth with us by finding ideas for you and your students!

• CEE Book Store

Username or Email Address

Remember Me

Forgot Password?

Don't have an account yet? Sign up for free

• Browse All Resources
• Browse by Topic
• ReadyAssessments
• CEE Educator Conference
• Upcoming Webinars
• Most Popular Webinars
• Webinar Series
• All Webinars
• Invest in Girls
• National Personal Finance Challenge
• National Economics Challenge
• Women Talk Money: Teen Girl Learning Series
• Family Financial Fun Nights
• Family-At-Home Financial Fun Pack

REGISTER FOR THE CEE CONFERENCE

Explore our new teen girl learning series, teachers: your chance to earn $1,000 cash award, free k-12 personal finance and economics classroom resources and professional development, featured collections, ethics, economics, and social issues.

K-2, 3-5, 6-8, 9-12

Fun Games and Activities

Financial fitness for life 9-12, 3rd edition, new lesson plans, activities, videos, and games.

Grades 9-12

Global Income Inequality: What are the Causes and Consequences?

Income inequality in the u.s.: what can be done, the great tulip boom: economics in world history.

Grades K-2, 3-5

Teach Specialization using Sloth and Squirrel in a Pickle

Teach producers and consumers using sloth and squirrel in a pickle, teach human capital using sloth and squirrel in a pickle, buying on credit, choosing sides: which drivers would you insure, you're going to college, on this day in economic history.

After three years of construction, the trans-Alaska oil pipeline was finally completed and ready for use.

Sign Up for Free Membership

• Upcoming Career Fairs

Instructor, Economics - Full time Faculty Assignment

🔍 houston, texas, system wide.

SUMMARY Provide the expertise and knowledge that support the college curriculum and programs. Establish courses following accepted higher education standards, teach students using a variety of effective methodologies and provide engagement and support activities that encourage student learning. The role of the Instructional Faculty encompasses teaching and learning, academic advising, professional development and institutional and community service. Faculty is expected to teach a full load each semester as defined in the Faculty Workload Guidelines. Demonstrate expertise and experience in classroom teaching. Faculty may be required to teach at various locations in the District; including, but not limited to, dual credit sections at partner school districts. Faculty may be assigned to teach in the modalities of face‐to‐face, hybrid, online (synchronous or asynchronous), or any combination of modalities. ESSENTIAL DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES include the following (Other duties may be assigned): Teaching:

• Demonstrate skill and/or knowledge in teaching discipline
• Make continuous efforts to improve the quality of instruction by reviewing and utilizing innovative methodologies, techniques, and delivery methods
• Develop and use a syllabus for each course or laboratory within college, discipline, and departmental guidelines and submit one copy to the department chair
• Plan, develop, and use a variety of innovative teaching methods and materials that assist students in meeting course objectives/learning outcomes and which are appropriate for students with differing educational and experiential backgrounds and learning styles
• Evaluate students to measure their progress toward achievement of stated course objectives/learning outcomes and inform them of their progress in the course in a timely manner
• Keep accurate student records and submit related reports and forms within requested timelines
• Review, evaluate, and recommend student textbooks and learning materials
• Teach courses at a variety of times and locations in response to institutional and program/discipline needs including, but not limited to, dual credit sections at partner school districts
• Teach in the modalities of face‐to‐face, hybrid, online (synchronous or asynchronous), or any combination of modalities
• Use equipment and facilities responsibly and courteously. Where appropriate, assist the chair with the routine maintenance of instructional laboratories and
• Demonstrate competence and interest in the use of technology in the classroom and willingness to explore new instructional methodologies
• Should submit all grades, attendance rosters, or any other required items at the stipulated time.

Academic Advising:

• Maintain professional relationships with students, colleagues, and the community
• Provide access to students through posted office hours, electronic communication, and other appropriate methods. Provide advice and assistance to students regarding instructional or program‐specific issues
• Make presentations on a particular academic field or program ‐ its subject matter, objectives, opportunities for further study (transfer opportunities), and opportunities for work (co‐ops, part‐time, work‐study) and careers, special clubs and activities available, support services, scholarships, etc.
• Work with Chair/Director to take on appropriate academic advising activities as needed by the College and Department. (For examples, please refer to the HCC Faculty Workload Guidelines)

Professional Development:

• Establish annual objectives for professional growth in consultation with the department chair
• Keep pace with developments in the discipline
• Learn and apply innovative technologies that support student learning and
• Participate in the evaluation process for self, department, and college

Institutional and Community Service:

• Participate in scheduled institutional service activities including opening week events, conference days, and commencement exercises, graduation
• Participate in discipline committee or program meetings and activities
• Actively participate in department, college or system meetings and/ or committees
• Be familiar with and adhere to all policies and procedures of HCCS
• Participate in college‐related activities such as student activities, selection of faculty, community education, recruitment of students, and/or special programs
• Participate in business and/or student activities and/or community activities that foster goodwill and promote the mission of HCCS
• Participate in activities required to maintain program and college accreditation standards
• Participate in the HCCS planning process by assisting in the formulation of departmental objectives and goals and in establishing budget priorities
• Review, evaluate, and revise program curricula and practices to assure compliance with professional standards, state‐mandated guidelines and requirements of business/ industry, and higher education and
• Assist in the articulation of courses and programs with secondary and post‐secondary institutions.

QUALIFICATIONS To perform this job successfully, an individual must be able to perform the essential duties and responsibilities listed above. The qualifications listed below are representative of the education, experience, knowledge, skills, and/or abilities required. EDUCATION Master’s degree with 18 completed graduate hours in Economics required. EXPERIENCE 1 year college-level teaching experience or 5 years related work experience required. Experience teaching Economics and preparing curriculum material desired. KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS AND ABILITIES

• Possess the ability to work in a diverse work environment
• Willing and able to teach day or evening classes at a number of sites around the city
• Knowledge and skill in a variety of computer usage and software are required
• Excellent interpersonal skills and the ability to communicate effectively with a diverse professional, community, and student population
• Possess good organizational and planning skills
• Demonstrate sensitivity to students with diverse academic, socio‐economic, cultural and ethnic backgrounds and students with disabilities
• Demonstrated ability to inspire and motivate students in a learning‐centered environment; and
• Self‐disciplined and able to effectively manage others.

This job description in no way states or implies that these are the only duties to be performed by the employee occupying this position. Employees will be required to follow any other job‐related instructions and to perform any other job‐related duties requested by their supervisor. This job description may be revised upon development of other duties and changes in responsibilities.

The Organization

Houston Community College (HCC) is composed of 14 Centers of Excellence and numerous satellite centers that serve the diverse communities in the Greater Houston area by preparing individuals to live and work in an increasingly international and technological society. HCC is one of the country’s largest singly-accredited, open-admission, community colleges offering associate degrees, certificates, workforce training, and lifelong learning opportunities.

The Team Play a central role at HCC as you keep our everyday operations running like clockwork. You’ll get the chance to make things happen and work closely with inspiring leaders across different parts of the institution. Whether your role is supportive, administrative, financial or something else, you’ll be part of a dynamic team that not only provides HCC students with cutting-edge academic and career tools, it also takes care of its people.

Houston is a city with limitless possibilities:

• Fourth-largest city in the U.S. and home to 54 Fortune 500 companies, second only to New York City’s 55.
• Approximately 145 languages are spoken here.
• Overall after-taxes living costs are 5.6 percent below the average for all 308 urban areas recently surveyed.
• Houston is a major-league sports town, and don’t forget the annual Houston Livestock Show & Rodeo.
• The weather is great! Mild winters ensure that outdoor activities can be enjoyed year-round.
• World-renowned medical care. The Houston metro area has long been known for its first-rate healthcare system, with many Houston area hospitals consistently ranking among the nation’s top institutions.
• With over 150 museums and cultural institutions in the Greater Houston area, museums are a large part of Houston’s cultural scene.  
• Houston is the Culture & Culinary Capital of Texas with more than 7,500 restaurants and eating establishments covering 60+ cuisines.  

If this sounds like the role for you and you’re ready to join an amazing team, please apply right away. 

EEO Statement  

Houston Community College does not discriminate on the bases of race, color, religion, sex, gender identity and expression, national origin, age, disability, sexual orientation or veteran’s status.  The following person has been designated to handle inquiries regarding the non-discrimination policies:

Osvaldo Gomez, Director EEO/Compliance, Title IX Coordinator Office of Equal Opportunity and Title IX

PO Box 667517                                   

Houston TX, 77266

713 718.8271 or  [email protected]  

HCC values its employees and their contributions, promotes opportunities for their professional growth and development, and provides a positive working and learning environment that encourages diversity, innovation and creativity, and inclusion.

Individuals with disabilities, who require special accommodations to interview, should contact  (713) 718-8565.

Returning Users?

​ Click Here  to login to your account and review your applications

Previous Job Searches

Create and manage profiles for future opportunities.

My Submissions

Track your opportunities.

Similar Listings

 Houston, Texas, System Wide

📁 Full-Time Faculty

Requisition #: 24001IL

Requisition #: 24001HV

Requisition #: 24001I2

The Assignment with Audie Cornish

Every monday on the assignment, host audie cornish explores the animating forces of american politics. it’s not about the horserace, it’s about the larger cultural ideas driving the american electorate. audie draws on the deep well of cnn reporters, editors, and contributors to examine topics like the nuances of building electoral coalitions, and the role the media plays in modern elections.  every thursday, audie pulls listeners out of their digital echo chambers to hear from the people whose lives intersect with the news cycle, as well as deep conversations with people driving the headlines. from astrology’s modern renaissance to the free speech wars on campus, no topic is off the table..

• Apple Podcasts

Back to episodes list

We’re seeing conflicting messages about the state of the economy, especially from political leaders. And we’re getting truly mixed message about what – if anything – can be done, at least in the short term. A listener from L.A. understands this first-hand, and calls in with an assignment. Audie brings in Dr. Gary Hoover, Executive Director of The Murphy Institute and Professor of Economics at Tulane University, to talk about the economy’s bad vibes, and what hope – if any – lies ahead. Audie also dives into the mailbag and gets an unusual email from a special listener. 

Call or text us at (202) 854-8802 

© 2024 Cable News Network. A Warner Bros. Discovery Company. All Rights Reserved. CNN Audio's transcripts are made available as soon as possible. They are not fully edited for grammar or spelling and may be revised in the future. The audio record represents the final version of CNN Audio.