anorexia and bulimia essay

Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia

How it works

• 1 Introduction
• 2 Warning Signs
• 3 Role as the Nurse
• 4 Complications
• 6 References

Introduction

Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia are serious disorders among our adolescent girls. According to the eating disorder hope website Anorexia has the highest mobility rate out of all mental disorders, it is important to recognize the signs and symptoms (Hamilton, 2018) so these girls can get the treatment they need.

Warning Signs

There are many warning signs to Anorexia and Bulimia. According to Nicole Williamson PhD at the Tampa General seminar, (May8, 2018) People with Anorexia might dress in layers, become obsessed with dieting and counting calories, using diet pills, and fasting or skipping meals all together.

Bulimia has some of the same signs like being weight obsessed, but they also tend to frequent the bathroom a lot, eat to the point of discomfort, and smell of vomit consistently. These diseases not only effect the patient, but also their friends and family. Confusion and how to handle the situation is common. People want to be supportive, but feel unsure how to do so. Fear and guilt are another reaction some people have, feeling responsible for the eating disorder or not recognizing the signs and symptoms earlier.

Role as the Nurse

As the nurse it is important to look for non verbal cues from the patients and ask open ended questions to obtain the most information. According to Nicole Williamson PhD at the Tampa General seminar (May8, 2018) Choosing the right verbiage and the way you speak to the patient can also have an impact. The patient might also be suffering with another psychiatric diagnosis as well, this could be triggering or be an under lying cause for the Anorexia/Bulimia. Many Facilities use a reward system with the patients. Allowing them use of their personal devices or time outside of their room for weight gain.

Complications

According to Nursing Times (Sept 2007) Some of the complications from these disorders can be life threatening. Patient can also experience physical changes as well as in their appearance with skin breakdown and poor healing. Excessive vomiting can lead to tooth decay and poor oral hygiene. Muscle loss and weakness are also common. Women who suffer from these disorders can also suffer infertility and other fetal complications.

Success for treating these disorders does not happen overnight, it can take months or even years and is an ongoing process. The patient is going to need support from family and friends during this time, as well as all the nursing and medical staff.

Anorexia Nervosa Highest Mortality Rate of Any Mental Disorder: Why? (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.eatingdisorderhope.com/information/anorexia/anorexia-nervosa-highest-mortality-rate-of-any-mental-disorder-why

September, 2. 1. (n.d.). Caring for patients who have eating disorders. Retrieved from https://www.nursingtimes.net/clinical-archive/nutrition/caring-for-patients-who-have-eating-disorders/200042.article

Williamsom, N., PhD. (2018, May 8). Understanding Eating Disorders and How to Best Serve these Patients during Inpatient Admission. Lecture presented in TGH, Tampa.

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Your chance of acceptance, your chancing factors, extracurriculars, discussing my eating disorder in college essays – too personal or potentially impactful.

Hey guys, so here's the thing – I’ve battled with an eating disorder, and it’s been a significant part of my high school experience. Should I write about overcoming this challenge in my essays, or would it be better to choose a less sensitive subject?

Your courage in facing and overcoming such a personal challenge is commendable. When choosing an essay topic, the key is to focus on how the experience has shaped you and enabled personal growth. If you believe that your journey with an eating disorder has been a transformational part of your high school experience and has changed you in a significant way, it is worth considering as an essay topic.

However, ensure that your narrative is one of resilience and that it showcases how this experience has helped you build up your strengths, rather than solely focusing on the struggle itself. For example, avoid graphic descriptions of what you dealt with, as they may be uncomfortable for admissions officers to read, especially if they have struggled with eating disorders themselves—remember, you never know who is going to be reading your essay.

Rather, focus on how overcoming the hardship of this experience has taught you important life skills, by talking about accomplishments or formative experiences that were enabled by the abilities you developed as a result of your struggle with your eating disorder. This approach will give colleges what they are interested in in any personal statement, which is your ability to persevere and how your experiences have prepared you for the challenges of college life.

In summary, this topic is not too personal if framed correctly. If you're wondering if your approach is working, you can always check out CollegeVine's free peer essay review service, or submit it to an expert advisor for a paid review. Since they don't know you, they can provide an objective perspective that will hopefully give you a sense of how an actual admissions officer would read you essay. Good luck!

About CollegeVine’s Expert FAQ

CollegeVine’s Q&A seeks to offer informed perspectives on commonly asked admissions questions. Every answer is refined and validated by our team of admissions experts to ensure it resonates with trusted knowledge in the field.

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Anorexia Essay: How to Work with a Scary Topic and Do It Right

Table of Contents

When you study at the Nutrition department or prepare to become a medical specialist, you’re sure to get an eating disorder essay assignment one day. This problem has become quite commonplace, with a complex of eating problems awaiting people who are too obsessed with slim body images on social media and want to lose weight at all costs.

Because of the popularity of slim body images and young people’s obsession with the sporty body, the problem of anorexia is getting acuter day by day. So, when you get an anorexia essay assignment, be ready to do some thorough research, develop strong arguments, and compose a paper in line with academic writing rules.

If you’re confused about this task, here are some working tips to get the process going.

What Is Anorexia and How to Talk About It

Problems with eating surface not that quickly. At first, individuals may limit their portion sizes and refuse some products that they believe are dangerous for their weight. Next, they refrain from several meals a day, leaving only 1-2 food intakes to stay slim and not to overeat. As a result of such severe limitations in eating, some people develop anorexia nervosa.

This disease goes far beyond a permanent loss of appetite and manifests itself in various neurological and gastrointestinal problems. Its common symptoms are:

• Extreme, uncontrollable weight loss
• Unhealthy thinness
• Fatigue experienced during a significant part of the day
• Unexpected attacks of dizziness and frequent fainting
• Thinning hair and breaking nails
• Intolerance to cold
• Hypertension
• The inability of the gastrointestinal tract to process the consumed food – nausea and vomiting after food intakes

Given such an abundance of symptoms and clinical manifestations of this condition, you can approach the subject from several angles. Some students discuss the psychological causes of the disorder in their anorexia essay papers. Others focus on the biological mechanisms of anorexia development. Another interesting approach is to consider clinical evidence of therapeutic methods to treat anorexic people and help them regain a healthy weight.

How to Write an Eating Disorder Thesis Statement

The first task that you should complete in crafting your anorexia essay is developing a solid, clear thesis statement. It is a crucial element of your assignment that will guide the readers from the introduction to the concluding part, giving them a firm grasp of your logic and argument flow.

Thus, to build a robust and believable thesis, you need to follow these guidelines:

• Choose a sub-topic within the subject of eating disorders. Formulate for yourself what you think about this topic first.
• Try to express your central idea in one sentence, showing your primary arguments and focus.
• Mention the arguments supporting your central claim briefly in this statement, without going into too much detail.
• Place the thesis statement correctly at the end of your introductory section to ensure that the readers and supervisor will locate it.

Anorexia Essay Outline

Now let’s consider a sample outline for an anorexia essay, which can serve as your guidance in future work on such papers.

INTRODUCTION

Introduce the broad context. Give some stats and facts. Delineate a concrete problem and its significance. Formulate a thesis statement.

Diet – a personal choice or a disorder? Global population (2.9 mln) affected by anorexia. No apparent cause identified yet (genetic, neurological factors). A variety of treatment modalities available today and their varying effectiveness. 

Paragraphs #1-3

Present a topic sentence with one central idea per paragraph. Add some credible evidence from external sources to support the points. Interpret the information you’ve provided.

Paragraph #1 – the process of anorexia development, extreme dieting, forced vomiting after eating to control body weight, obsession with slim body images. The result – clinical anorexia symptoms.

Paragraph #2 – the inability of anorexic individuals to reverse the process (return to healthy eating after achieving the weight loss goal). Clinical complications of anorexia (osteoporosis, infertility, heart damage). Forced feeding of anorexic individuals to prevent terminal organ failure.

Paragraph #3 – Treatment modalities – psychotherapy, healthy weight gain, and addressing the problematic behaviors (forced vomiting, food refusal). Effectiveness of CBT and family therapy. Pharmacological treatments.

Make a summary of what’s been said and reinforce the readers’ impression by referencing the broader context (public health, teen health, the devastating impact of social media, etc.).

Anorexia is not a strict diet. It is a neurological disorder that can cause morbidity and mortality among patients. Because of the absence of a clear understanding of its underlying causes, anorexia needs to be treated on a case-by-case basis by giving each patient an individual treatment plan in line with their health state and anorexia triggers. 

Eating Disorders: Conclusion That’ll Earn You A+ Grade

A conclusion of your anorexia essay should summarize all the evidence you provided in the body of your paper and return to the problem’s significance in the broader context of public health. Depending on your essay’s topic, you can draw some recommendations on helping young people avoid anorexia or some workable methods for managing this condition more efficiently.

Sample Essay on How We Should Treat People with Anorexia

Our writing experts have crafted a short essay sample based on the outline presented in the section above. Use it as a reference when preparing your following paper on this subject.

For many people, choosing what to eat and when to do it is a voluntary act. For those with anorexia nervosa, eating has become an impossible challenge, an act that they cannot commit voluntarily, even for the sake of their survival. At present, over 2.9 million people are affected by anorexia worldwide, suffering extreme weight loss, multiple organ problems, osteoporosis, heart damage, and a complex of other devastating consequences of strict dieting and food refusal. Thus, what starts as a diet for the sake of healthy weight loss and body slimming often ends with a clinical disorder with no cure. Still, the issue is grave for people affected by this condition as they need efficient, professional treatment to start eating normally again and avoid lethal malnourishment. This paper discusses the causes, manifestations, and treatment modalities for anorexia nervosa known today in an effort to find workable solutions for the affected patients.

No single cause of anorexia development has yet been identified, with a mixture of genetic, environmental, and psychological factors coming into play. Jameson (2009) discovered that anorexic patients often view themselves as overweight (even if they are thin) and deny any weight loss or nutrition problems. As a result of the distorted body image and an obsession with slimness, anorexic people force themselves to vomit, refuse many food types, engage in excessive exercise and use laxatives to prevent excessive body fat accumulation (Mary, 2007).

As a result, the process of body weight loss becomes irreversible and cannot be dropped even after the clinical problem is clear. Individuals with anorexia often develop osteoporosis, suffer from irreversible organ failure, and lose fertility (especially females). Anorexic patients refuse therapeutic interventions, vomit secretly, and avoid treatment in all ways. Thus, such severe manifestations of anorexia are commonly treated by forced feeding via nasogastric tubes upon a competent psychiatrist’s diagnosis of the patient’s psychological incompetence.

Other treatment methods include psychotherapy and family therapy to identify the underlying psychological causes for food refusal and change the false perceptions and prejudices of patients. Kale (2020) found CBP to be effective with young female anorexics, with 78% of the surveyed sample reporting significant improvements in body image perceptions and weight regain. Thus, psychotherapeutic methods are popular in anorexia treatment as they allow dealing with underlying psychological problems of patients and correct their beliefs about body image in the long run.

As the provided evidence suggests, anorexia nervosa is a severe clinical problem that millions of patients face worldwide. With no clear causes and specific clinical guidelines for its treatment, anorexia remains a pressing challenge for medical professionals and patients. Case-by-case management of anorexia cases is suggested, while a combination of pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatments suggests the greatest efficiency thus far.

More Helpful Tips & Tricks

Tasked with an anorexia essay? Here are some valuable tips to follow to get an outstanding grade for this assignment:

• The underlying causes of this disorder are still unclear. So, you can surprise your tutor by presenting an in-depth analysis of the existing theories about the origin of anorexia.
• Treatments for anorexia differ, ranging from CBT to pharmacological care. You can compose in-depth research about the clinical evidence of each treatment modality’s effectiveness for various population groups.
• The psychological component of anorexia is powerful. An excellent paper can result from research on the psychological triggers and accompanying psychological disorders among anorexic individuals.

Here’s How a Professional Writer Can Help You

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Contact us today to get a perfectly written and well-proofread paper about eating disorders. We’ll surely impress your supervisor with original ideas and credible evidence. In this way, you’re sure to save crucial time for other academic priorities and avoid getting an F for a failed deadline.

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The Eating Disorder: Bulimia, Essay Example

Pages: 8

Words: 2323

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Introduction

Eating disorders are psychological health hazards characterized by tremendous and risky eating behavior. There are three primary kinds: anorexia nervosa, bulimia, and binge eating disorder. Anorexia usually concerns extreme weight loss due to starvation. Bulimia usually features overeating large amounts of food (bingeing) and then getting rid of it by throwing up, utilizing stimulant laxatives or diuretics, or by fasting or exercising extremely. Binge eating disorder incorporates uncontrollable desires to eat large quantities of food in a brief period of time. It frequently leads to overweight. While on the other hand Bulimia patient trips to the restroom right after every meal.

Serious cases may need hospitalization and/or around-the-clock treatment in a residential eating disorders clinic. “The main question is how can they be prevented? Education is the main tool for preventing eating disorders. It is also helpful to learn healthy eating habits and ways to improve self-esteem” (Hay, et. al, 2007, pg. 59). A well balanced nutritious diet and slight exercise can assist people stay at a healthy weight. This paper will explain eating disorder Hunger and how to prevent it.

This paper will identify and explain the connectivity of different procedures variables originated from the cognitive model of bulimia nervosa (BN) and weekly outcome. We will consider 39 patients with BN get admitted for bulimia treatment. With the one week gap between each measurement during the course of therapy, the theory derived process and results variables were measured over and over. Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) time series methods were used for the data analysis. In the process variables weekly variations are self-efficacy regarding the resistance to excessive eating, impaired beliefs, positive and negative effect in the preceding results where once a week outcome did not influence the following process. These findings are persistent with the bulimia nervosa cognitive model and recommend the fact that self-efficacy, dysfunctional beliefs, negative and positive affect tend to be prospective targets for treatment program that require further research.

Details about Bulimia

Bulimia claims to be an infatuation with food and in addition, weight classified by repeating excessive binges followed by compensatory behavior, as well as self-caused vomiting and lot of exercise. “In 1980, the American Psychiatric Association formally recognized “bulimia nervosa” in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), a publication that’s updated various times. The diagnostic criteria for bulimia ended up being only slightly revised in subsequent DSM editions” (Hall, et. al, 2010).

Bulimia symptoms focus on food behaviors and weight gain anxiety, bulimia is usually a way to face the individual dilemma, psychological pain, and also chemical instability. Bulimia can put the focus away from painful emotions for instance, anxiety, trauma, depression symptoms, lower status, etc. bulimic disruptive behavior might begin as fast method to lose weight, it shortly becomes addicting. Dieting habits naturally lead to hunger, that is often followed by eating, remorse, bingeing, purge, relief.

Many individuals with bulimia tend to be self-conscious and reserved; sometimes they try to manage, to behave like they are eating normally around some other individuals. Numerous define, their feeling like two people – one who would like to give it up and stay in good condition, and another who generally sabotages. Their common traits are to lie and sneak out. Many people identify that they steal food which belongs to other people or looking through the trash during their severe attack. Even to them “common” meal feel like “too much” who is concerned of obtaining weight, a single bite of something “bad” would quite possibly be too much for some individuals. There was a woman who motivated to vomit soon after taking one can of diet soda (March, et. al., 2011).

The research done on the occurrence of eating disorders, one effective report of various researches displayed that 1.0 to 1.8% of college women meet the severe clinical elements for bulimia, and 2.6 to 3.3% have subclinical levels. Another well reliable study has found that 1.5% of adult females and .five% of adult males maintained a lifetime occurrence of bulimia. For example, one research of female high school and college students stated that 15% satisfied the criteria for hunger, even though all these figures appear abnormally high. There was actually a significant, short-term increase in prevalence in the early ‘1980s, when the people at first turned into sure of bulimia, otherwise rates among women have now remained slightly constant since that time.

The highly common eating disorders are: eating disorder nervosa (.9%), hunger nervosa (1.5%), and binge eating (3.5%). Yet another category, “Eating Disorders Not Otherwise Specific (EDNOS)”, denote to subclinical levels of eating disorder or bulimia. Alternatively, this is a growing area to do with study and also these categories have changed in different editions of the DSM-IV-TR. For instance, binge eating began as a subcategory of EDNOS, and hunger was also assumed to be one kind of sick person behavior. Hunger has also been assembled with binge eating disorder, for noticeable factors. Completely, in all instances, the commitment with food is a sign of other serious issues, and various other characteristics do exists.

All these dysfunctions overlap so much that labeling them can be limiting. For example, an anorexic may possibly on occasion binge or purge. However, the differences between kinds of eating disorders are appropriate for clinical concepts to treatment and insurance company categories. The analysis criteria for Excessive Eating Disorder are modeled after those for hunger, but without compensatory behaviors or a occupation with weight and shape.

Indeed the question does not have any answer; due to the fact bulimia is a multidimensional dilemma. The reason for this is by variety aspects such as, but there is no limited to, culture, family, personality, genes, biology, and trauma. Even though there is proof that all of these aspects will certainly play appreciable role, none singly is a predictor of who will most likely be impacted. Dieting, so normalized in our society, is usually referred to as a “portal” to eating disorders. Many individuals with bulimia started restricting or purging as the outcome of the unsuccessful diet. Unfortunately, 95% of diet attempts end in failure, and also simply not all of any individuals derived serious eating challenges. So, while dieting is a risk aspect, it alone does not “cause” bulimia. Bulimia usually exhibits in families where exactly the psychological, physical, or religious needs of its members are not necessarily met and attachments are tenuous. In some of these families, emotions are not vocally explained, and correspondence abilities are lacking.

There might be a history of depression, substance abuse, or eating disorders; the child might inadvertently recognize that escape is an adequate, and essential, thing to do. Normally, parents are unaware of problems. For example, a girl who conceals her bulimia might possibly look to be an “ideal” child, showing an popular façade – outgoing, confident, and independent – while anxious emotions bubble underneath. She might be valued for not wanting to be nurtured, for taking care of her, and for growing up early, all the while feeling guilty and unlovable. “Bulimia is a way of expressing what cannot be said directly in words, in this case something like, “I want to be taken care of” or, “Would you love me if you really knew me?” (Hall, et. al, 2010).

There were 39 participants consecutively that were admitted to a treatment program for BN at Modum Bad, Vikersund, Norway. Modum Bad is a residential treatment clinic where psychotic patients who cannot have adequate local treatment opportunities and need more specific treatment. The admission requirements were signs and symptoms of BN that afflicted their daily functions, insufficient response to past treatment procedures and also age should be older than 18. Many of those who fulfilled these requirements had been completely notified regarding the research and also handed written authorization. The research had been executed in consent with the regional integrity panel. All the patients established 6 sections of seven patients. Three patients out of 42 rejected to join this research.

The age of 39 female patients were 29 years and all were Caucasian. While, the mean age at the beginning of the eating disorder was 16 years, and before admission, during last six months 29 which means 36% were working half time, 45 young females like 56% were on sick leaves and taking pay for their disability due to their psychological problems, six of them like 8% were unemployed and were depending on their spouses or were in school. Every one of the 39 patients had gained psychological treatment. 27 (69%) of them fulfill the admission criteria for BN while 12 (31%) for eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS). Three patients were dropped out at 5-7 weeks into the program.

They used multi component treatment of 15 weeks for bulimia and in closed groups of 7 were admitted. The treatment model was the combination of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) and group dynamic therapy. The treatment program consists four meals daily, weekly therapy session, CBT session, and art therapy sessions. In the middle of the program they were allow to go home on leave and test their new skills in the natural environment.

Since we preferred to evaluate the temporary relations between our consistent observations of function and the best continued observation of medium result, and we used a basic research of concurrence in time series.

That is we inspected whether or not the function range of weekly data conditions (self effectiveness, defective values, pessimistic and optimistic impact) assumed the weekly outcomes series (bulimic indications and symptoms in relation to the body weight and shape). The link between the two is the cross-parallel function. For instance, for self efficacy and bulimic signs, the positive lag 1 cross correlation techniques comes by placing together the self efficacy score for week one along with symptoms score at week 2.

This procedure continues until the self efficacy score the next last week is paired with the last week symptoms score. By pairing self-efficacy scores with symptoms scores with a lag of 2 weeks, the positive lag 2 cross correlation is correspondingly derived. (Box, et. al, 1994, Pg.8 ).

Where symptoms lead self efficacy then for every viable negative lags cross correlation objective is calculated. Thus, there are many prospective relations among the elements that can be searched by the time series analysis regardless of the process variable forecasts a result variable or vice versa and also at what lags. It is literally viable that the impacts of techniques on a result or vice versa might not be recognizable quickly within a week, not appearing until more than a week has gone by.

Among the variables there are several relationships which might be examined by time series analysis: at what lags whether a procedure variable predicts the results or vice versa. It is often viable that the impacts of a function on results or possibly vice versa might not be obvious quickly in a week – possibly not showing up till more than week has passed. Due to the fact that for each patient the period of the series is quite brief to examined individually each and every of the consequence and the processes features from the individual cases were planned end to end to make series of long time period patients along with 2 blank examinations between each case. This led to point during one individual’s series and the next that is same to seasonal impacts in other types of time series. Besides that, to prevent the cross correlation between series, arrange two blanks between individuals.

The results outside of the advantageous intrapersonal components such as gender and personality and headed to surrounding examinations in the same individual is the same than the two random observations from other different individuals (Box, et. al, 1994).

Summing around thirty nine patients the per week methods were produced towards them for three hundred twenty four times. They had been finished 298 times 92. The 298 questionnaires with 3576 questions to complete, the sixty items were missing. While by the results fiver of our 9 questions was answered positively. Self-efficacy increased per week and which predicted less bulimic symptoms the following week. When self-efficacy increased a week the less concern regarding the body and weight were predicted the following week. Dysfunctional beliefs per week predicted were less bulimic symptoms not the following week but 2 weeks later.

Those who suffer from bulimia have brought forth various reasons for their disorder. Some are able to remember the particular reason for the initial binges along with how the behavior served them afterwards. Not many people were aware of the fact that the disorder could become addictive. The original causes are still in existence once the binge purge cycle starts; however, they become blanketed with secrecy, physical side effects, guilt and an ever increasing number of reasons to want to escape. Underlying reasons aside, bulimia tends to ‘operate’ on various levels. Instant relief is provided with binge eating. All other thoughts, emotions and actions are replaced by it. The only thing the mind dwells on is food. Everything else, including feelings, is set aside. The bulimic momentarily regains control after the binge-purge episode comes to an end. She is relaxed, high and completely drained because she doesn’t feel guilty for consuming so many calories. Soon, negative feelings start to take place of these feelings. The cycle is a debilitating, exhausting and painful one.

Broussard, B., (2003), Women’s experiences of bulimia nervosa. Issues and innovations in nursing practice.

Box, G. E. P., Jenkins, G. M., & Reinsel, G. C. (1994). Time series analysis: Forecasting and control. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall Inc

Hall, L.; Cohn, L., (2010), Bulimia: A Guide to Recovery. Retrieved from Google ebooks.

Hay, P.; Darby, A., Mond, J., (2007), Knowledge and Beliefs about Bulimia Nervosa and its Treatment: a comparative study of Three Disciplines, Psychol Med Settings, 14:59-68.

March, P., & Grose, S. (2011). Bulimia Nervosa. Castro-Fornieles, J., Bigorra, A., Martinez-Mallen, E., Gonzalez, L., Moreno, E., Font, E., &

Toro, J. (2011). Motivation to change in adolescents with bulimia nervosa mediates clinical change after treatment.  European Eating Disorders Review ,  19 (1), 46-54. doi:10.1002/erv.1045

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Home — Essay Samples — Nursing & Health — Anorexia — The Differences Between Anorexia and Bulimia

The Differences Between Anorexia and Bulimia

• Categories: Anorexia Bulimia Eating Disorders

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Published: Dec 12, 2018

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Bulimia Essay

Eating Disorders: Anorexia and Bulimia Report

Introduction, explanation, psychological factor, social factors, biological factors that led to bulimia.

In this study, there is detailed information on three cases, two of Karen Carpenter and Louise Gluck, who suffered from Anorexia Nervosa and one of Princess Diana, who suffered from Bulimia Nervosa. Anorexia Nervosa is the disease in which the patient avoids eating because of the fear of getting fat. It is more related to aping the bodies of film stars or suffering from a personality disorders in reality. The case of singer Karen Carpenter brought this disease to limelight.

The case of Louise Gluck presents a more positive preview of this disease. It killed Karan while Louis survived and led a healthy life. Bulimia on the other hand is a disease which is related to Binge eating. Princess Diana suffered from it for most of her life.

Eating disorders have now plagued the world for a long time and in recent times they have spread like epidemics. The affect of eating disorders on the economy and society is clearly visible. The impact of diseases like obesity, anorexia and bulimia is hitting us hard. Today, these diseases have become more devastating than other diseases. This is so because with eating disorders come other diseases like depression, heart disease etc. Also these diseases tend to weaken human immunity and their impact is far greater than many other diseases. Diseases like obesity have a clear visibility. But let us cite these two diseases through the means of an example. They are not so well known but nonetheless, they are equally deadly in nature. First one is Anorexia nervosa and the second one is Bulimia nervosa.

Firstly, Anorexia Nervosa.It means, in medical terminology, the disease of not eating because of nervous causes. A person is generally diagnosed with this disease when his/her weight goes below 85% *of the minimum required bodyweight. Anorexia refers to, in layman’s terms, not eating because of the fear of getting fat.

Anorexia, in recent years , has been found in women of all ages with most of the cases being between the ages of 12 and 18.Anorexia also originates from personality disorders. The parents of such persons are likely to be caring but very possessive and are often considered as control freaks.

One case that brought this disease to public notice was the case of Karen Carpenter. Carpenter was a world famous singer. She had been overweight in her childhood.When she was 17, Karen Lost 25 pounds of weight and stayed 120 pounds from the age 17 to 23.Karen’s lack of love and excess of control in her family led to Karen becoming compulsively obsessed with her weight (Shaw, Stice & Becker,2009).This obsession later developed into Anorexia. At 26, her immunity started to fail her. She began to fall sick one day after another.At 30; Karen married, even this time to a control freak, her husband. Although the stay at the hospital made her healthy, she decided to leave New York and became addicted to the drug Ipecac, which eventually led to her death because of a heart attack.

The other case is of Louis Gluck who developed Anorexia but recovered from it to become the poet laureate, the highest honor in the country (Gluck, 1994).

Now coming to Bulimia Nervosa.Bulimia Nervosa refers to the pattern of binge eating. The general symptoms are regular binge eating, incomplete attempts to compensate and the distortion of self image. Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by repetitive and often occurring binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors The most commonly found form—practiced by more than 3/4 th of people with bulimia nervosa—is self-induced vomiting, sometimes called purging; fasting, the use of laxatives, enemas, diuretics and over exercising are also common. . Bulimia nervosa was coined and put into description in 1979 by the British psychiatrist Gerald Russell ( Stice, Presnell, Groesz & Shaw, 2005)

The paper is going to provide an insight into the effects of binge eating by taking up the case of Princess Diana. Princess Diana was a merman of the British royal family and the most beautiful woman in the world. She suffered from tremendous turmoil in her private as well as public life and as a result suffered from Bulimia Nervosa (Campbell, 1993)

The paper is also going to describe her life and her struggle with this disease in three parts.

As a child Diana suffered from guilty conscious. Her parents were disappointed at her not being born a boy who would inherit the vast Spencer fortune. Her father suffered from hot rages and a drinking problem. Her father and mother broke out and divorced which led to her living an isolated and rejected life (Morton, 1992)

Diana also suffered from obsessive compulsive disorder and stressed on keeping things neat. She was also a compulsive talker and socialized. Diana’s problems continued even after her marriage to Prince Charles, the Heir apparent to the British throne. Price Charles apparent adultery led to Diana going on binge eating and then vomiting to stay thin. Overtime, she even became suicidal. Then she began to express her anger through vomiting.

She also repeatedly tried to suicide in different ways. Diana also suffered from stress while dealing with the press who labeled her in different ways. Diana also suffered from post partum depression after the birth of her first son and then, the royal family became increasingly threatened by her, because of the changes in Charles attitude towards her. With time, her Bulimia continued and her self- esteem plummeted.

Diana led a very social life from the early ages of her life. In addition from social pressure to be thin, what triggered her Bulimia was extreme stress from the factors like social outlook of her family. But, what was most responsible for triggering her Bulimia were sudden demands from the press, the public, and the royal family to present her best appearance and be on her best behavior while at the same time harboring fears about Charles’s commitment to her.

Biological factors in Diana‘s case were intense hunger and weight related thoughts. Essential nutrients are removed from the system during frequent vomiting, which increases the tendency to feel tired and depressed. Vomiting is reinforced because it alleviates both the pain of having too much food in the stomach and the guilt of having consumed too much food. In addition, the pain of vomiting causes the release of endorphins, which are chemicals that create a mild “high.”

Thus, the frequency of vomiting usually increases (Stice& Shaw, 2004).After vomiting, the system attempts to return its pH balance back to normal, but it is interrupted by the next bout of vomiting. All of this causes chaos in the system, which ultimately provides a basis for physical and emotional instability. Frequently, the bulimic will suffer from some related physical disorder.

Diana’s case demonstrates that both biological and psychological science need to be more mentioned in describing this condition. The psychological origin of such diseases needs to be investigated. Diana used many kinds of doctors and changed many therapies to get rid of her Bulimia. Cases like that of Princess Diana need to be investigated more skillfully and the proper treatment can be done only if the causes are thoroughly ascertained and precautions made public.

Likewise, Karen Carpenter and Louise Gluck suffered from Anorexia Nervosa, which stopped them from eating normal food, for they feared that the food would make them obese. While Karen lost her life, Louis managed to survive and lead a healthy life. Nonetheless, they were responsible for bringing the diseases into the eyes of the general public, which in turn led to a reformation of sorts.

Shaw, H., Stice, E., &Becker, C. (2009). Preventing eating disorders. Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America , 18(1), 199-207.

Stice,E.,& Shaw,H. (2004). Eating disorder prevention programs: a meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin ,130(2), 206-27.

Stice,E., Presnell,K., Groesz,L.,& Shaw,H. (2005). Effects of a weight maintenance diet on =bulimic symptoms in adolescent girls: an experimental test of the dietary restraint theory. Health psychology: official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association , 24(4), 402-12.

• Chicago (A-D)
• Chicago (N-B)

IvyPanda. (2022, May 13). Eating Disorders: Anorexia and Bulimia. https://ivypanda.com/essays/biophysical-case-study/

"Eating Disorders: Anorexia and Bulimia." IvyPanda , 13 May 2022, ivypanda.com/essays/biophysical-case-study/.

IvyPanda . (2022) 'Eating Disorders: Anorexia and Bulimia'. 13 May.

IvyPanda . 2022. "Eating Disorders: Anorexia and Bulimia." May 13, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/biophysical-case-study/.

1. IvyPanda . "Eating Disorders: Anorexia and Bulimia." May 13, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/biophysical-case-study/.

Bibliography

IvyPanda . "Eating Disorders: Anorexia and Bulimia." May 13, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/biophysical-case-study/.

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