parts of speech presentation

Parts of Speech

• What is a noun?
• A noun is a person, place, thing or idea
• What are some examples of nouns?
• Dancer (person)
• Street (place)
• Lamp (thing)
• Freedom (idea)
• How is a proper noun different?
• A proper noun is a noun that is specific to one person, place, thing or idea. In short, a proper noun is a name.
• Mrs. Etter (person)
• Winnetka (place)
• Snuggie (thing)
• What is a pronoun?
• A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun in a sentence.
• What are some examples of pronouns?
• What does that look like in a sentence?
• Mrs. Etter went to lunch.
• She went to lunch.
• What is a verb?
• A verb is a word that identifies an action, movement or state of being.
• What are some examples of verbs?
• What about the forms of “to be”? Example: is, was, were & are.
• Yes, these are verbs. They all describe a state of being and are therefore verbs
• Example: Sam is nice
• What about odd ones like “will”, “shall”, “could”, “would”, “must”, “may”, “might”, etc?
• Yes, these are also verbs. They are called “modal verbs” and are usually seen helping another verb along.
• Example: I think we will go to the party.
• What are the verbs in this sentence?
• What is an adjective?
• An adjective is a word that modifies or describes a noun. In other words, it is a word that makes a noun more specific.
• What are some examples of adjectives?
• Which of the following words are adjectives?
• The dancing, purple dog sat beside his house
• What is an adverb?
• An adverb is a word that is used to modify (further describe) a verb, adjective or other adverb.
• What are some examples of adverbs?
• Which of the following words are adverbs?
• The sun often rises above the extremely green horizon, very rapidly casting an orange glow over the world.
• What is a preposition?
• Shows a relationship, often physical, spatial or concerning time, between two nouns or pronouns in a sentence.
• What are some examples of prepositions?
• Which of the following words are prepositions?
• The cat went to the store. The store was past the park. He passed over the bridge on his way.

Preposition

• What is a conjunction?
• A word that is used to join words, phrases or clauses.
• What are some examples of conjunctions?
• Which of the following words are conjunctions?
• The hunter and his friend went camping because they enjoy the outdoors. They paid for the campsite ahead of time so that they could reserve it. It was either that or just show up and hope for the best.

Conjunction

• What is an interjection?
• An interjection is a single word that is used to express emotion. It is usually separated from the sentence by an exclamation point or a comma.
• What are some examples of interjections?
• Which of the following words are interjections?
• Ow! You stepped on my toe!
• Eek! I saw a mouse!
• Hey, do you know when class starts tomorrow?

interjection

• What is an article?
• An article is a word that identifies or specifies a noun. It proceeds the noun in a sentence.
• What are some examples of articles?
• There are only three articles:
• Which of the following words are articles?
• The cat sat beside a river and caught a fish.

Identify each word in the sentence by its correct part of speech

The cat ran quickly down the stairs

Article noun verb adverb preposition article noun

What parts of speech do we have here?

Beside the lake sat the beautiful princess.

Preposition article noun verb article adjective noun

Carol and Lisa were laughing at his haircut.

Proper noun conjunction proper noun verb verb preposition adjective noun

Ugh! You are so mean!

Interjection Pronoun verb adverb adjective

The very angry teacher slammed her books on the table.

Article adverb adjective noun verb adjective noun preposition article noun

Who was spreading that rumor?

Pronoun verb verb adjective noun

Everyone went to the party but me.

Pronoun verb preposition article noun conjunction pronoun.

My house is between the slowly flowing river and the school.

Adjective noun verb preposition article adverb adjective noun conjunction article noun

Someone was calling your phone.

The black car was somewhat noisy and old.

Article adjective noun verb adverb adjective conjunction adjective.

She was standing against the wall.

Pronoun verb verb preposition article noun

What are we having for dinner?

Pronoun verb pronoun verb preposition noun

They always arrive before noon.

Pronoun adverb verb preposition noun

She and I went to the store on Tuesday.

Pronoun conjunction pronoun verb preposition article noun preposition Proper noun

I had a very scary dream about you.

Pronoun verb article adverb adjective noun preposition pronoun

Jenny nor Sally could come to the dance.

Proper noun conjunction proper noun verb verb preposition article noun.

We sometimes go there after school.

Pronoun adverb verb noun preposition noun

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Last updated by Chelsea Swiecinski on December 9, 2022 • Leave a Comment

Parts of Speech PowerPoints That Are Interactive & Fun

How to teach parts of speech in a fun and engaging way? Start with interactive lesson visuals! In this post I’ll share several parts of speech PowerPoints make teaching grammar both easy and fun. Take a look at these easy to use lesson slides and think about how you can use them in your lessons!

Parts of Speech PowerPoints

The more activities to teach parts of speech , you have in your teacher toolkit the better.  Students need a variety of ways to practice grammar skills.

15-Minute Mini-lessons

At the beginning of each week of grammar lessons, I introduce a new part of speech in a brief and direct mini-lesson. In this mini-lesson, I model the skill we are focusing on for the week.

I use the lesson slides in the PowerPoints to introduce the grammar skill and provide examples. These guide students through the mini-lesson by providing examples and show how the target part of speech is used in context.

Short, targeted mini-lessons easily fit into your schedule and are most beneficial to young students when they are direct and clear. Students can fully focus on one specific skill, see examples, generate their own examples and then practice independently in writing or or with the game slides.

Interactive Slides Make Practicing Fun

Interactive slides allow students to truly participate and are an essential component to my parts of speech PowerPoints. The interactive practice slides have moveable parts that can be manipulated by students for practice or used by teachers to model the lesson.

Include Partner Work

Partner work is important and helpful in the elementary classroom. It keeps students engaged and accountable and allows them to teach and learn from one another. Explaining to a partner what they’ve just learned reinforces their understanding and helps to build oral language and social skills.

Each parts of speech PowerPoint includes opportunities for students to work with a partner using the turn-and-talk and partner practice activities.

Parts of Speech PowerPoints & No-Prep Activities

These PowerPoints are part of a complete series of second grade grammar units . Each unit includes lessons and activities that are no-prep, ready to use, and easy to implement.

Each grammar unit includes everything you need to teach, practice, and assess all 2nd grade grammar and language skills and standards in just 15 minutes or less each day.

Click HERE to see the yearlong series of second grade grammar units available separately or in money-saving bundles.

These interactive grammar lessons will engage your students and make learning parts of speech fun!

Pin this post for later so you have it when you plan.

For more teaching ideas and grammar activities, visit these posts:

9 Parts of Speech Activities for 2nd Grade

8 Ways to Differentiate Grammar Activities & Reach All Learners

7 Easy Ways to Teach Contractions in 2nd Grade

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I’m Linda Kamp, a 20 year primary grade teacher with a passion for creating educational materials that excite students and make learning fun! I'm so glad you're here!

The 9 Parts of Speech: Definitions and Examples

• Ph.D., Rhetoric and English, University of Georgia
• M.A., Modern English and American Literature, University of Leicester
• B.A., English, State University of New York

A part of speech is a term used in traditional grammar for one of the nine main categories into which words are classified according to their functions in sentences , such as nouns or verbs. Also known as word classes , these are the building blocks of grammar.

Parts of Speech

• Word types can be divided into nine parts of speech:
• prepositions
• conjunctions
• articles/determiners
• interjections
• Some words can be considered more than one part of speech, depending on context and usage.
• Interjections can form complete sentences on their own.

Every sentence you write or speak in English includes words that fall into some of the nine parts of speech. These include nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, articles/determiners, and interjections. (Some sources include only eight parts of speech and leave interjections in their own category.)

Learning the names of the parts of speech probably won't make you witty, healthy, wealthy, or wise. In fact, learning just the names of the parts of speech won't even make you a better writer. However, you will gain a basic understanding of sentence structure  and the  English language by familiarizing yourself with these labels.

Open and Closed Word Classes

The parts of speech are commonly divided into  open classes  (nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs) and  closed classes  (pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, articles/determiners, and interjections). The idea is that open classes can be altered and added to as language develops and closed classes are pretty much set in stone. For example, new nouns are created every day, but conjunctions never change.

In contemporary linguistics , the label  part of speech has generally been discarded in favor of the term word class or syntactic category . These terms make words easier to qualify objectively based on word construction rather than context. Within word classes, there is the lexical or open class and the function or closed class.

The 9 Parts of Speech

Read about each part of speech below and get started practicing identifying each.

Nouns are a person, place, thing, or idea. They can take on a myriad of roles in a sentence, from the subject of it all to the object of an action. They are capitalized when they're the official name of something or someone, called proper nouns in these cases. Examples: pirate, Caribbean, ship, freedom, Captain Jack Sparrow.

Pronouns stand in for nouns in a sentence. They are more generic versions of nouns that refer only to people. Examples:​  I, you, he, she, it, ours, them, who, which, anybody, ourselves.

Verbs are action words that tell what happens in a sentence. They can also show a sentence subject's state of being ( is , was ). Verbs change form based on tense (present, past) and count distinction (singular or plural). Examples:  sing, dance, believes, seemed, finish, eat, drink, be, became

Adjectives describe nouns and pronouns. They specify which one, how much, what kind, and more. Adjectives allow readers and listeners to use their senses to imagine something more clearly. Examples:  hot, lazy, funny, unique, bright, beautiful, poor, smooth.

Adverbs describe verbs, adjectives, and even other adverbs. They specify when, where, how, and why something happened and to what extent or how often. Examples:  softly, lazily, often, only, hopefully, softly, sometimes.

Preposition

Prepositions  show spacial, temporal, and role relations between a noun or pronoun and the other words in a sentence. They come at the start of a prepositional phrase , which contains a preposition and its object. Examples:  up, over, against, by, for, into, close to, out of, apart from.

Conjunction

Conjunctions join words, phrases, and clauses in a sentence. There are coordinating, subordinating, and correlative conjunctions. Examples:  and, but, or, so, yet, with.

Articles and Determiners

Articles and determiners function like adjectives by modifying nouns, but they are different than adjectives in that they are necessary for a sentence to have proper syntax. Articles and determiners specify and identify nouns, and there are indefinite and definite articles. Examples: articles:  a, an, the ; determiners:  these, that, those, enough, much, few, which, what.

Some traditional grammars have treated articles  as a distinct part of speech. Modern grammars, however, more often include articles in the category of determiners , which identify or quantify a noun. Even though they modify nouns like adjectives, articles are different in that they are essential to the proper syntax of a sentence, just as determiners are necessary to convey the meaning of a sentence, while adjectives are optional.

Interjection

Interjections are expressions that can stand on their own or be contained within sentences. These words and phrases often carry strong emotions and convey reactions. Examples:  ah, whoops, ouch, yabba dabba do!

How to Determine the Part of Speech

Only interjections ( Hooray! ) have a habit of standing alone; every other part of speech must be contained within a sentence and some are even required in sentences (nouns and verbs). Other parts of speech come in many varieties and may appear just about anywhere in a sentence.

To know for sure what part of speech a word falls into, look not only at the word itself but also at its meaning, position, and use in a sentence.

For example, in the first sentence below,  work  functions as a noun; in the second sentence, a verb; and in the third sentence, an adjective:

• The noun  work  is the thing Bosco shows up for.
• The verb  work  is the action he must perform.
• The  attributive noun  [or converted adjective]  work  modifies the noun  permit .

Learning the names and uses of the basic parts of speech is just one way to understand how sentences are constructed.

Dissecting Basic Sentences

To form a basic complete sentence, you only need two elements: a noun (or pronoun standing in for a noun) and a verb. The noun acts as a subject and the verb, by telling what action the subject is taking, acts as the predicate. 

In the short sentence above,  birds  is the noun and  fly  is the verb. The sentence makes sense and gets the point across.

You can have a sentence with just one word without breaking any sentence formation rules. The short sentence below is complete because it's a command to an understood "you".

Here, the pronoun, standing in for a noun, is implied and acts as the subject. The sentence is really saying, "(You) go!"

Constructing More Complex Sentences

Use more parts of speech to add additional information about what's happening in a sentence to make it more complex. Take the first sentence from above, for example, and incorporate more information about how and why birds fly.

• Birds fly when migrating before winter.

Birds and fly remain the noun and the verb, but now there is more description. 

When  is an adverb that modifies the verb fly.  The word before  is a little tricky because it can be either a conjunction, preposition, or adverb depending on the context. In this case, it's a preposition because it's followed by a noun. This preposition begins an adverbial phrase of time ( before winter ) that answers the question of when the birds migrate . Before is not a conjunction because it does not connect two clauses.

• Sentence Parts and Sentence Structures
• 100 Key Terms Used in the Study of Grammar
• Prepositional Phrases in English Grammar
• The Top 25 Grammatical Terms
• Foundations of Grammar in Italian
• Pronoun Definition and Examples
• What Is an Adverb in English Grammar?
• What Are the Parts of a Prepositional Phrase?
• Definition and Examples of Adjectives
• Definition and Examples of Function Words in English
• Lesson Plan: Label Sentences with Parts of Speech
• Sentence Patterns
• Nominal: Definition and Examples in Grammar
• Constituent: Definition and Examples in Grammar
• Adding Adjectives and Adverbs to the Basic Sentence Unit
• The Difference Between Gerunds, Participles, and Infinitives

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Parts of Speech PowerPoint

Subject: English

Age range: 11-14

Resource type: Lesson (complete)

Last updated

8 February 2022

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Teaching parts of speech? Help your students reach proficiency with this comprehensive, instructional 21-slide PowerPoint. Presentation addresses all eight parts of speech, including: nouns, verbs, pronouns, prepositions, adjectives, adverbs, conjunctions, and interjections - with examples and kid-friendly pictures.

Assess your students with a formative/summative review that will let you know their comprehension level. Easy for you - engaging for them!

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A bundle is a package of resources grouped together to teach a particular topic, or a series of lessons, in one place.

Parts of Speech Bundle

Teaching parts of speech? Teach, practice, and assess this important literacy skill with the Parts of Speech PTA Skills Bundle! The PTA Skills Bundle includes three research-based, best practice products that allow for instruction, practice, and assessment: PowerPoints - 22 slides Task Cards - 40 Task Cards Assessment - 30-question test with answer key About PTA Skills Bundles: The Guaranteed-To-Succeed PTA Skills Bundles includes three research-based, best practice products (PowerPoint, Task Cards, and Assessment) that allow for instruction, practice, and assessment – the three most important components of your lesson. PTA Bundles are an all-inclusive easy way to teach skills and concepts while reaching 100% student engagement and proficiency in no time. Here’s how it works: 1) You TEACH the skill with an easy-to-understand, comprehensive instructional PowerPoint. 2) Students PRACTICE the skill as they review the content with high yield Task Cards that generate active engagement. 3) You ASSESS the skill with a Common Core-aligned assessment that will let you know in no time who is advanced, proficient, basic, and below basic. Need more products for all your literacy lessons? Check out the PTA ELA Skills Jumbo Bundle - Volume 1 and PTA ELA Skills Jumbo Bundle - Volume 2 for an entire year of resources! 10 Benefits of the PTA Skills Bundle: ➢PTA Bundles are instructional time-friendly! ➢PTA Bundles are perfect for standout evaluations. You’ll shine as your evaluator commends your use of materials, creativity, content, and assessment. ➢PTA Bundles are minimal prep work…it’s all there! ➢PTA Bundles include Common Core-aligned assessments will let you know in no time who is advanced, proficient, basic, and below basic in this important ELA skill. ➢PTA Bundles are time savers…they last for years! ➢PTA Bundles include research-based high yield strategies that keep students actively engaged. ➢PTA Bundles are super sub friendly…Keep them learning even when you’re not there! ➢PTA Bundles have built in standardized test prep, so no need to stress come spring! ➢PTA Bundles make collaboration easy. Share the wealth of your knowledge and resources with your colleagues the easy way. ➢PTA Bundles are Easy for you – Engaging for them!! Add PTA Skills Bundles to your teaching library today!

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How to Structure your Presentation, with Examples

August 3, 2018 - Dom Barnard

For many people the thought of delivering a presentation is a daunting task and brings about a  great deal of nerves . However, if you take some time to understand how effective presentations are structured and then apply this structure to your own presentation, you’ll appear much more confident and relaxed.

Here is our complete guide for structuring your presentation, with examples at the end of the article to demonstrate these points.

Why is structuring a presentation so important?

If you’ve ever sat through a great presentation, you’ll have left feeling either inspired or informed on a given topic. This isn’t because the speaker was the most knowledgeable or motivating person in the world. Instead, it’s because they know how to structure presentations – they have crafted their message in a logical and simple way that has allowed the audience can keep up with them and take away key messages.

Research has supported this, with studies showing that audiences retain structured information  40% more accurately  than unstructured information.

In fact, not only is structuring a presentation important for the benefit of the audience’s understanding, it’s also important for you as the speaker. A good structure helps you remain calm, stay on topic, and avoid any awkward silences.

What will affect your presentation structure?

Generally speaking, there is a natural flow that any decent presentation will follow which we will go into shortly. However, you should be aware that all presentation structures will be different in their own unique way and this will be due to a number of factors, including:

• Whether you need to deliver any demonstrations
• How  knowledgeable the audience  already is on the given subject
• How much interaction you want from the audience
• Any time constraints there are for your talk
• What setting you are in
• Your ability to use any kinds of visual assistance

Before choosing the presentation’s structure answer these questions first:

• What is your presentation’s aim?
• Who are the audience?
• What are the main points your audience should remember afterwards?

When reading the points below, think critically about what things may cause your presentation structure to be slightly different. You can add in certain elements and add more focus to certain moments if that works better for your speech.

What is the typical presentation structure?

This is the usual flow of a presentation, which covers all the vital sections and is a good starting point for yours. It allows your audience to easily follow along and sets out a solid structure you can add your content to.

1. Greet the audience and introduce yourself

Before you start delivering your talk, introduce yourself to the audience and clarify who you are and your relevant expertise. This does not need to be long or incredibly detailed, but will help build an immediate relationship between you and the audience. It gives you the chance to briefly clarify your expertise and why you are worth listening to. This will help establish your ethos so the audience will trust you more and think you’re credible.

Read our tips on  How to Start a Presentation Effectively

2. Introduction

In the introduction you need to explain the subject and purpose of your presentation whilst gaining the audience’s interest and confidence. It’s sometimes helpful to think of your introduction as funnel-shaped to help filter down your topic:

• Introduce your general topic
• Explain your topic area
• State the issues/challenges in this area you will be exploring
• State your presentation’s purpose – this is the basis of your presentation so ensure that you provide a statement explaining how the topic will be treated, for example, “I will argue that…” or maybe you will “compare”, “analyse”, “evaluate”, “describe” etc.
• Provide a statement of what you’re hoping the outcome of the presentation will be, for example, “I’m hoping this will be provide you with…”
• Show a preview of the organisation of your presentation

In this section also explain:

• The length of the talk.
• Signal whether you want audience interaction – some presenters prefer the audience to ask questions throughout whereas others allocate a specific section for this.
• If it applies, inform the audience whether to take notes or whether you will be providing handouts.

The way you structure your introduction can depend on the amount of time you have been given to present: a  sales pitch  may consist of a quick presentation so you may begin with your conclusion and then provide the evidence. Conversely, a speaker presenting their idea for change in the world would be better suited to start with the evidence and then conclude what this means for the audience.

Keep in mind that the main aim of the introduction is to grab the audience’s attention and connect with them.

3. The main body of your talk

The main body of your talk needs to meet the promises you made in the introduction. Depending on the nature of your presentation, clearly segment the different topics you will be discussing, and then work your way through them one at a time – it’s important for everything to be organised logically for the audience to fully understand. There are many different ways to organise your main points, such as, by priority, theme, chronologically etc.

• Main points should be addressed one by one with supporting evidence and examples.
• Before moving on to the next point you should provide a mini-summary.
• Links should be clearly stated between ideas and you must make it clear when you’re moving onto the next point.
• Allow time for people to take relevant notes and stick to the topics you have prepared beforehand rather than straying too far off topic.

When planning your presentation write a list of main points you want to make and ask yourself “What I am telling the audience? What should they understand from this?” refining your answers this way will help you produce clear messages.

4. Conclusion

In presentations the conclusion is frequently underdeveloped and lacks purpose which is a shame as it’s the best place to reinforce your messages. Typically, your presentation has a specific goal – that could be to convert a number of the audience members into customers, lead to a certain number of enquiries to make people knowledgeable on specific key points, or to motivate them towards a shared goal.

Regardless of what that goal is, be sure to summarise your main points and their implications. This clarifies the overall purpose of your talk and reinforces your reason for being there.

Follow these steps:

• Signal that it’s nearly the end of your presentation, for example, “As we wrap up/as we wind down the talk…”
• Restate the topic and purpose of your presentation – “In this speech I wanted to compare…”
• Summarise the main points, including their implications and conclusions
• Indicate what is next/a call to action/a thought-provoking takeaway
• Move on to the last section

5. Thank the audience and invite questions

Conclude your talk by thanking the audience for their time and invite them to  ask any questions  they may have. As mentioned earlier, personal circumstances will affect the structure of your presentation.

Many presenters prefer to make the Q&A session the key part of their talk and try to speed through the main body of the presentation. This is totally fine, but it is still best to focus on delivering some sort of initial presentation to set the tone and topics for discussion in the Q&A.

Other common presentation structures

The above was a description of a basic presentation, here are some more specific presentation layouts:

Demonstration

Use the demonstration structure when you have something useful to show. This is usually used when you want to show how a product works. Steve Jobs frequently used this technique in his presentations.

• Explain why the product is valuable.
• Describe why the product is necessary.
• Explain what problems it can solve for the audience.
• Demonstrate the product  to support what you’ve been saying.
• Make suggestions of other things it can do to make the audience curious.

Problem-solution

This structure is particularly useful in persuading the audience.

• Briefly frame the issue.
• Go into the issue in detail showing why it ‘s such a problem. Use logos and pathos for this – the logical and emotional appeals.
• Provide the solution and explain why this would also help the audience.
• Call to action – something you want the audience to do which is straightforward and pertinent to the solution.

Storytelling

As well as incorporating  stories in your presentation , you can organise your whole presentation as a story. There are lots of different type of story structures you can use – a popular choice is the monomyth – the hero’s journey. In a monomyth, a hero goes on a difficult journey or takes on a challenge – they move from the familiar into the unknown. After facing obstacles and ultimately succeeding the hero returns home, transformed and with newfound wisdom.

Storytelling for Business Success  webinar , where well-know storyteller Javier Bernad shares strategies for crafting compelling narratives.

Another popular choice for using a story to structure your presentation is in media ras (in the middle of thing). In this type of story you launch right into the action by providing a snippet/teaser of what’s happening and then you start explaining the events that led to that event. This is engaging because you’re starting your story at the most exciting part which will make the audience curious – they’ll want to know how you got there.

• Great storytelling: Examples from Alibaba Founder, Jack Ma

Remaining method

The remaining method structure is good for situations where you’re presenting your perspective on a controversial topic which has split people’s opinions.

• Go into the issue in detail showing why it’s such a problem – use logos and pathos.
• Rebut your opponents’ solutions  – explain why their solutions could be useful because the audience will see this as fair and will therefore think you’re trustworthy, and then explain why you think these solutions are not valid.
• After you’ve presented all the alternatives provide your solution, the remaining solution. This is very persuasive because it looks like the winning idea, especially with the audience believing that you’re fair and trustworthy.

Transitions

When delivering presentations it’s important for your words and ideas to flow so your audience can understand how everything links together and why it’s all relevant. This can be done  using speech transitions  which are words and phrases that allow you to smoothly move from one point to another so that your speech flows and your presentation is unified.

Transitions can be one word, a phrase or a full sentence – there are many different forms, here are some examples:

Moving from the introduction to the first point

Signify to the audience that you will now begin discussing the first main point:

• Now that you’re aware of the overview, let’s begin with…
• First, let’s begin with…
• I will first cover…
• My first point covers…
• To get started, let’s look at…

Shifting between similar points

Move from one point to a similar one:

• In the same way…
• Likewise…
• Equally…
• This is similar to…
• Similarly…

Internal summaries

Internal summarising consists of summarising before moving on to the next point. You must inform the audience:

• What part of the presentation you covered – “In the first part of this speech we’ve covered…”
• What the key points were – “Precisely how…”
• How this links in with the overall presentation – “So that’s the context…”
• What you’re moving on to – “Now I’d like to move on to the second part of presentation which looks at…”

Physical movement

You can move your body and your standing location when you transition to another point. The audience find it easier to follow your presentation and movement will increase their interest.

A common technique for incorporating movement into your presentation is to:

• Start your introduction by standing in the centre of the stage.
• For your first point you stand on the left side of the stage.
• You discuss your second point from the centre again.
• You stand on the right side of the stage for your third point.
• The conclusion occurs in the centre.

Key slides for your presentation

Slides are a useful tool for most presentations: they can greatly assist in the delivery of your message and help the audience follow along with what you are saying. Key slides include:

• An intro slide outlining your ideas
• A  summary slide  with core points to remember
• High quality image slides to supplement what you are saying

There are some presenters who choose not to use slides at all, though this is more of a rarity. Slides can be a powerful tool if used properly, but the problem is that many fail to do just that. Here are some golden rules to follow when using slides in a presentation:

• Don’t over fill them  – your slides are there to assist your speech, rather than be the focal point. They should have as little information as possible, to avoid distracting people from your talk.
• A picture says a thousand words  – instead of filling a slide with text, instead, focus on one or two images or diagrams to help support and explain the point you are discussing at that time.
• Make them readable  – depending on the size of your audience, some may not be able to see small text or images, so make everything large enough to fill the space.
• Don’t rush through slides  – give the audience enough time to digest each slide.

Guy Kawasaki, an entrepreneur and author, suggests that slideshows should follow a  10-20-30 rule :

• There should be a maximum of 10 slides – people rarely remember more than one concept afterwards so there’s no point overwhelming them with unnecessary information.
• The presentation should last no longer than 20 minutes as this will leave time for questions and discussion.
• The font size should be a minimum of 30pt because the audience reads faster than you talk so less information on the slides means that there is less chance of the audience being distracted.

Here are some additional resources for slide design:

• 7 design tips for effective, beautiful PowerPoint presentations
• 11 design tips for beautiful presentations
• 10 tips on how to make slides that communicate your idea

Group Presentations

Group presentations are structured in the same way as presentations with one speaker but usually require more rehearsal and practices.  Clean transitioning between speakers  is very important in producing a presentation that flows well. One way of doing this consists of:

• Briefly recap on what you covered in your section: “So that was a brief introduction on what health anxiety is and how it can affect somebody”
• Introduce the next speaker in the team and explain what they will discuss: “Now Elnaz will talk about the prevalence of health anxiety.”
• Then end by looking at the next speaker, gesturing towards them and saying their name: “Elnaz”.
• The next speaker should acknowledge this with a quick: “Thank you Joe.”

From this example you can see how the different sections of the presentations link which makes it easier for the audience to follow and remain engaged.

Example of great presentation structure and delivery

Having examples of great presentations will help inspire your own structures, here are a few such examples, each unique and inspiring in their own way.

How Google Works – by Eric Schmidt

This presentation by ex-Google CEO  Eric Schmidt  demonstrates some of the most important lessons he and his team have learnt with regards to working with some of the most talented individuals they hired. The simplistic yet cohesive style of all of the slides is something to be appreciated. They are relatively straightforward, yet add power and clarity to the narrative of the presentation.

Start with why – by Simon Sinek

Since being released in 2009, this presentation has been viewed almost four million times all around the world. The message itself is very powerful, however, it’s not an idea that hasn’t been heard before. What makes this presentation so powerful is the simple message he is getting across, and the straightforward and understandable manner in which he delivers it. Also note that he doesn’t use any slides, just a whiteboard where he creates a simple diagram of his opinion.

The Wisdom of a Third Grade Dropout – by Rick Rigsby

Here’s an example of a presentation given by a relatively unknown individual looking to inspire the next generation of graduates. Rick’s presentation is unique in many ways compared to the two above. Notably, he uses no visual prompts and includes a great deal of humour.

However, what is similar is the structure he uses. He first introduces his message that the wisest man he knew was a third-grade dropout. He then proceeds to deliver his main body of argument, and in the end, concludes with his message. This powerful speech keeps the viewer engaged throughout, through a mixture of heart-warming sentiment, powerful life advice and engaging humour.

As you can see from the examples above, and as it has been expressed throughout, a great presentation structure means analysing the core message of your presentation. Decide on a key message you want to impart the audience with, and then craft an engaging way of delivering it.

By preparing a solid structure, and  practising your talk  beforehand, you can walk into the presentation with confidence and deliver a meaningful message to an interested audience.

It’s important for a presentation to be well-structured so it can have the most impact on your audience. An unstructured presentation can be difficult to follow and even frustrating to listen to. The heart of your speech are your main points supported by evidence and your transitions should assist the movement between points and clarify how everything is linked.

Research suggests that the audience remember the first and last things you say so your introduction and conclusion are vital for reinforcing your points. Essentially, ensure you spend the time structuring your presentation and addressing all of the sections.

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8 Parts of Speech

Sep 26, 2014

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8 Parts of Speech. 9th Grade English by: Melissa Rosloniec. Learning Objective. In this lesson, we will be learning about the 8 parts of speech. You will learn the definitions, and be able to identify the different parts of speech in examples and sentences. (Standard 3001.1.1)

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8 Parts of Speech 9th Grade English by: Melissa Rosloniec

Learning Objective • In this lesson, we will be learning about the 8 parts of speech. You will learn the definitions, and be able to identify the different parts of speech in examples and sentences. (Standard 3001.1.1) 1.Noun 4.Adjective 7.Conjunction 2.Verb 5.Adverb 8.Interjection 3.Pronoun 6.Preposition

Directions Click this button to go to the next page Click this button to go to the directions Click this button to go to the main menu Click this button to take the quiz Click this button to exit Main Quiz

Main Menu Quiz Main

Noun: • A word used to name a person, place, thing, or idea. • Ex. Brian, cat, uncle, sister • Ex. Texas, Tennessee, Germantown • Ex. door, table, computer • Ex. love, faith, liberty, honesty Main

Verb: • Expresses action or a state of being. • Ex. jump, laugh, clap, talk, run • Ex. (to) be, have, do, like, is Main

Pronoun: • A word that takes the place of a noun. • Ex. she, he, it, her, them, our • Ex. Pass me Melissa and Alex’s papers. Pass me their papers. • Ex. Megan ran to the park. She ran to the park. Main

Adjective: • Words used to modify a noun or pronoun. Adjectives are descriptive words. • Ex. blue car • Ex. pretty girl • Ex. fast car Main

Adverb: • A word used to modify a noun, adjective, or another adverb. An adverb answers the questions how, when, where, and to what extent. (Sometimes ends in -ly). • Ex. The dog eats quickly. • Ex. She is very hungry. • Ex. Kevin never rides a bike. Main

Preposition: • Describes a relationship between other words in the sentence. • Ex. to, at, after, on, behind, through • Ex. The spider climbed in the box. • Ex. The mouse crawled through the hole. Main

Conjunction: • Joins words, clauses, and sentences together. • Ex. and, but, when • Ex. I like English, but I do not enjoy reading. • Ex. The golfer carried the ball and the flagstick. Main

Interjection: • Word used to express sudden emotion. It is usually followed by an exclamation point or a comma. • Ex. Ouch! That thorn pricked my finger. • Ex. Hi, I haven’t seen you in a long time! Main

QUIZ Click to begin quiz

Directions • For each of the following sentences, identify the correct part of speech for the word in bold.

Question 1 • Walk faster if you want to keep up with me. • Adjective • Noun • Adverb • Verb

Correct! • Click for next question

Oops, Try Again • Adverbs describe how and to what extent. “Faster” describes how the person is walking or should be walking. Back to question

Question 2 • She likes to run, but she does not like to play soccer. • Interjection • Conjunction • Pronoun • Preposition

Oops, Try Again. • Remember, a conjunction is a word that joins sentences together. Back to question

Question 3 • Wow! That car was driving very fast. • Conjunction • Noun • Verb • Interjection

Oops, Try Again • Remember that an interjection shows excitement, or a sudden burst of emotion. Back to question

Question 4 • The waffles that he made yesterday were delicious. • Pronoun • Noun • Adverb • Preposition

Oops, Try Again • A noun describes a person, place, thing, or idea. Back to question

Question 5 • Kevin gave her the slower boat so he could win the race. • Verb • Noun • Pronoun • Adverb

Oops, Try Again • Remember that a pronoun takes the place of a noun. In this sentence, “her” can be substituted for another noun or pronoun. Back to question

Question 6 • When she tried to pet the cat, it scratched her hand. • Adjective • Verb • Conjunction • Preposition

Oops, Try Again • Remember which part of speech is used to show action or express a state of being. Back to question

Question 7 • The girl can sit behind the desk to take the test. • Preposition • Adverb • Interjection • Adjective

Oops, Try Again • Prepositions describes a relationship between other words in the sentence. A good thing to remember is the phrase “anywhere a mouse can go.” Prepositions are usually words that fit this category. • Ex: behind, through, in, around Back to question

Question 8 • The smell of the raspberry tea lured the children inside the house. • Verb • Noun • Adjective • Pronoun

Correct! Congratulations! You have successfully completed the parts of speech activity.

Oops! Try Again • Raspberry is describing the type of tea. Remember what part of speech is used to describe nouns, pronouns, or other adjectives. Back to question

Summary In this lesson we learned about the 8 parts of speech. Grammar is important both in writing and in reading. After completing the tutorial and quiz you should now be able to provide definitions and examples for each, and recognize the different parts of speech in sentences.

References and Standards Works Cited • http://www.examples-help.org.uk/parts-of-speech/ • http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/parts-of-speech_1.htm • http://www.flashcardmachine.com/8-parts-ofspeech.html http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/GRAMMAR/index2.htm • http://users.owt.com/aqm/8parts2.htm State Standards • 3001.1.1 Demonstrate a mastery of the definitions, usage, and functions of the eight parts of speech. • SPI 3001.1.1 Demonstrate an understanding of the eight parts of speech, including their troublesome aspects, such as how to form the past and past participle of irregular but commonly used verbs. All images were obtained from Microsoft ClipArt

Exit • Congratulations! You have successfully learned the 8 parts of speech.

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2024 federal budget's key takeaways: Housing and carbon rebates, students and sin taxes

Budget sees nearly $53b in new spending over the next 5 years.

What's in the new federal budget?

Social sharing.

Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland today tabled a 400-page-plus budget her government is pitching as a balm for anxious millennials and Generation Z.

The budget proposes $52.9 billion in new spending over five years, including $8.5 billion in new spending for housing. To offset some of that new spending, Ottawa is pitching policy changes to bring in new revenue.

Here are some of the notable funding initiatives and legislative commitments in budget 2024.

Ottawa unloading unused offices to meet housing targets

One of the biggest pillars of the budget is its housing commitments. Before releasing the budget, the government laid out what it's calling Canada's Housing Plan — a pledge to "unlock" nearly 3.9 million homes by 2031.

The government says two million of those would be net new homes and it believes it can contribute to more than half of them. 

It plans to do that by:

• Converting underused federal offices into homes. The budget promises $1.1 billion over ten years to transform 50 per cent of the federal office portfolio into housing.
• Building homes on Canada Post properties. The government says the 1,700-plus Canada Post offices across the country can be used to build new homes while maintaining postal services. The federal government says it's assessing six Canada Post properties in Quebec, Alberta and British Columbia for development potential "as a start."
• Rethinking National Defence properties. The government is promising to look at redeveloping properties and buildings on National Defence lands for military and civilian use.
• Building apartments. Ottawa is pledging a $15 billion top-up to the Apartment Construction Loan Program, which says it will build 30,000 new homes across Canada.

Taxing vacant land?

As part of its push on housing, the federal government also says it's looking at vacant land that could be used to build homes.

It's not yet committing to new measures but the budget says the government will consider introducing a new tax on residentially zoned vacant land. 

• Freeland's new federal budget hikes taxes on the rich to cover billions in new spending
• Are you renting with no plans to buy? Here's what the federal budget has for you

The government said it plans to launch consultations on the measure later this year.

Help for students 

There's also something in the budget for students hunting for housing.

The government says it will update the formula used by the Canada Student Financial Assistance Program to calculate housing costs when determining financial need, to better reflect the cost of housing in the current climate.

The government estimates this could deliver more aid for rent to approximately 79,000 students each year, at an estimated cost of $154.6 million over five years.

• Updated Federal budget's funding boost for defence spread out over multiple years
• Liberals pledge $9B in new money for Indigenous communities in 2024 budget

The government is also promising to extend increased student grants and interest-free loans, at an estimated total cost of $1.1 billion this year.

Increase in taxes on capital gains

To help cover some of its multi-billion dollar commitments, the government is proposing a tax hike on capital gains — the profit individuals make when assets like stocks and second properties are sold.

The government is proposing an increase in the taxable portion of capital gains, up from the current 50 per cent to two thirds for annual capital gains over $250,000. 

New investment to lead 'housing revolution in Canada,' Freeland says

Freeland said the change would impact the wealthiest 0.1 per cent.

There's still some protection for small businesses. There's been a lifetime capital gains exemption which allows Canadians to exempt up to $1,016,836 in capital gains tax-free on the sale of small business shares and farming and fishing property. This June the tax-free limit will be increased to $1.25 million and will continue to be indexed to inflation thereafter, according to the budget.

The federal government estimates this could bring in more than $19 billion over five years, although some analysts are not convinced.

Disability benefit amounts to $200 per month 

Parliament last year passed the Canada Disability Benefit Act, which promised to send a direct benefit to low-income, working-age people with disabilities. 

Budget 2024 proposes funding of $6.1 billion over six years, beginning this fiscal year, and $1.4 billion per year ongoing, for a new Canada Disability Benefit.

Advocates had been hoping for something along the lines of $1,000 per month per person . They'll be disappointed.

According to the budget document, the maximum benefit will amount to $2,400 per year for low income individuals with disabilities between the ages of 18 and 64 — about $200 a month.

• Federal government plans to lease public lands for construction through new housing strategy
• Alberta premier says she's prepared to take Ottawa to court over housing deals

The government said it plans for the Canada Disability Benefit Act to come into force in June 2024 and for payments to start in July 2025.

Carbon rebate for small businesses coming 

The federal government has heard an earful from small business advocates who accuse it of reneging on a promise to return a portion of carbon pricing revenues to small businesses to mitigate the tax's economic costs.

• What's behind the carbon tax, and does it work?
• Federal government scales back carbon tax rebates for small businesses

The budget proposes to return fuel charge proceeds from 2019-20 through 2023-24 to an estimated 600,000 businesses with 499 or fewer employees through a new refundable tax credit.

The government said this would deliver $2.5 billion directly to Canada's small- and medium-sized businesses.

Darts and vape pods will cost more 

Pitching it as a measure to cut the number of people smoking and vaping, the Liberals are promising to raise revenues on tobacco and smoking products.

• Just Asking  wants to know:   What questions do you have about quitting smoking or vaping? Do you think sin taxes will encourage smoking cessation?  Fill out the details on  this form  and send us your questions ahead of our show on April 20.

Starting Wednesday, the total tobacco excise duty will be $5.49 per carton. The government estimates this could increase federal revenue by $1.36 billion over five years starting in 2024-25.

The budget also proposes to increase the vaping excise duty rates by 12 per cent effective July 1. That means an increase of 12 to 24 cents per pod, depending on where you live. 

• 'Stay the hell away from our kids': Health minister vows to restrict nicotine pouches — but how?

Ottawa hopes this increase in sin taxes will bring in $310 million over five years, starting in 2024-25.

More money for CBC 

Heritage Minister Pascale St-Onge has mused about redefining the role of the public broadcaster before the next federal election . But before that happens, CBC/Radio-Canada is getting a top-up this year. 

The budget promises $42 million more in 2024-25 for CBC/Radio-Canada for "news and entertainment programming." CBC/Radio-Canada received about $1.3 billion in total federal funding last year.

The government says it's doing this to ensure that Canadians across the country, including rural, remote, Indigenous and minority language communities, have access to independent journalism and entertainment.

Last year, the CBC announced a financial shortfall, cut 141 employees and eliminated 205 vacant positions. In a statement issued Tuesday, CBC spokesperson Leon Mar said the new funding means the corporation can balance its budget "without significant additional reductions this year."

Boost for Canada's spy agency 

As the government takes heat over how it has handled the threat of foreign election interference, it's promising more money to bolster its spy service.

The Canadian Security Intelligence Service is in line to receive $655.7 million over eight years, starting this fiscal year, to enhance its intelligence capabilities and its presence in Toronto.

• CSIS chief defends his spies' work after PM casts doubt on reliability of agency's reports
• Trudeau says it's his job to question CSIS intelligence, call out 'contradictions'

The budget also promises to guarantee up to $5 billion in loans for Indigenous communities to participate in natural resource development and energy projects in their territories.

These loans would be provided by financial institutions or other lenders and guaranteed by the federal government, meaning Indigenous borrowers who opt in could benefit from lower interest rates, the budget says. 

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Catharine Tunney is a reporter with CBC's Parliament Hill bureau, where she covers national security and the RCMP. She worked previously for CBC in Nova Scotia. You can reach her at [email protected]

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Eliot Higgins awarded Treaties of Nijmegen Medal: speech by Secretary-General Paul Huijts

Speech | 18-04-2024

Speech by Secretary-General Paul Huijts of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, at the presentation of the Treaties of Nijmegen Medal for Eliot Higgins on 18 April 2024.

The truth can often be found in tiny details…

Details as small as a screw cap.

A screw cap telling a trained eye that the warhead it sealed contained liquid. And, after painstaking research, that this warhead was part of a Soviet-made artillery rocket. And that the liquid was sarin.  

The truth can be found in details as small as the whisker spot pattern of a lion. Because, apparently, that's how you can distinguish one lion from another: by the pattern of spots above its mouth. A pattern that eventually led to a trader in Dubai, who was selling wild animals to celebrities from his 13th floor apartment.

All this might sound like a modern-day Sherlock Holmes page-turner… like fiction. But it’s all true. But if our highest goal is to do justice, in the service of a rules-based global order, truth-seeking must remain a central objective.

And so there is something in those examples that I find empowering: the truth isn't just ‘out there’. It’s everywhere. It’s right under our nose. That is, provided you’re as skilled and dedicated as the researchers from Bellingcat.

As founder Eliot Higgins once described one of his discoveries:  ‘Seated in my office in Middle England, I had clarified the front line of a war zone thousands of miles away.  All I had needed was a YouTube clip and Google Maps, and a sketch on printer paper.’

Ladies and gentlemen,

Members of the Steering Group of the Treaties of Nijmegen Medal, Mr Higgins, It's a true pleasure to deliver this laudation today. And to meet you in person. Although I've known about you for a long time. And I've admired your work for just as long. Ten years, to be precise. Because That's how long Bellingcat has been in existence. It was founded just before Malaysia Airlines flight MH17 was downed on the 17th of July 2014. A tragic event that left a deep impression on all of us. Including me.

A month after the disaster I took up the role of Secretary-General at the Prime Minister’s office. And there, I witnessed the aftermath of the tragedy. Seeing the victims’ remains arriving back at Eindhoven Airport was a moment I, as many others, will never forget. That was how I came to know about Bellingcat. And it will always be linked in my mind to the MH17 investigation.

By using open-source information from Google Earth and social media, Bellingcat researchers were able to reconstruct how and by whom the aircraft was downed.

Bellingcat, as you know, concluded that the Russian Federation was responsible for the downing of flight MH17. The international Joint Investigation Team conducted its own thorough and independent criminal investigation into the downing and came to the same conclusion.

Bellingcat’s investigation into the MH17 disaster firmly established it as an investigative journalism organisation. Not only by bringing the truth to light, but also by ensuring that a broad audience became aware of the truth. It was all the work of just a handful of volunteers, with the stamina and power of a great legion.

On behalf of the Dutch government, I want to express our deep gratitude to Bellingcat, and to you, Mr Higgins, for your invaluable work on finding the truth behind the downing of flight MH17.

And for showing us the truth in so many other places:

• Exposing the use of chemical weapons in Syria;
• Unmasking the agents who poisoned Alexei Navalny back in 2020;
• And uncovering deceptive practices in conflicts from Cameroon to Yemen.

As we speak, you continue to seek truth in the conflicts plaguing our world, such as Gaza and Ukraine. For example, by debunking claims that the massacres in Bucha were staged.

Every time you expose a bombing, arms delivery or assassination attempt, you demonstrate that the truth can be found everywhere. That it indeed can survive the darkest times. And that it can bring justice.

Your ability to connect bits and bytes of public information, truly complements the work of official agencies. You have assisted the ICC in using open-source material in criminal cases. With success. A couple of years ago, the ICC issued an arrest warrant based almost entirely on social media videos, which was a groundbreaking event at the time.

In a similar way, you are also helping the Dutch government in its goal to promote justice and accountability. In Syria, for example, where a tiny screw cap not only leads to the truth, but can provide vital evidence when developing sanctions against those responsible for using chemical weapons.

And, to go back to MH17, the Dutch government is also using Bellingcat data in the cases against Russia before the European Court of Human Rights and the International Civil Aviation Organization. 

Mr Higgins,

by uncovering these facts, you are contributing to a truth that everyone in Europe believes in: For justice to prevail, the truth must first be found out. Yet your work is also important in another way.

We are living in a complex era, characterised by terrible conflicts and wars. And at the same time, by polarisation. We can all see it around us: At the micro-level in our immediate surroundings. In this country, and other countries, where more and more people are disengaging due to their growing mistrust.

And on the macro-level, globally, where we see democracies facing unprecedented challenges, and countries positioned squarely against each other.

Everywhere we look, the ground beneath our feet seems so hardened by rigid views and self-righteousness, and that unity will never be able to grow and flourish. Yet these hardened views are often supported by evidence as soft as butter, as we say in the Netherlands.

Take those lion whisker spots. While everyone was obsessed by the celebrities buying these animals, one of Bellingcat’s researchers was more interested in where the animals were being bought. He exposed the truth in a place where no one had bothered to look. 

In this way, Bellingcat has managed to break free from the whirlwind: The vicious cycle in which we find ourselves. Not just by pinpointing what we’re doing wrong, but by showing how we can do things differently. Through radical diligence, resisting our desire for quick and easy answers. Through radical impartiality in every conflict, because human rights violations occur on both sides. Through radical transparency, from your research methodology to your findings. Allowing others to judge every step you make, and learn from what you’ve found. And finally, through radical democracy. From the very start, when you brought Bellingcat to life through Kickstarter, to the current decisions made by the editorial team.

As you once said, Mr Higgins:  'I don't want Bellingcat to become an organisation with one person at the helm making all the decisions.'

All of this requires something else that we currently lack in our black and white world, where impartiality leads to hostility, and any error leads to repercussions… And that is vulnerability, in its purest form. 

Let me conclude. We all know your painstaking work contributes to the pursuit of truth in our country, in Europe, in our world. Your radical vulnerability not only protects our European values, but helps lead us all in Europe towards a place we want to be. Showing how new technology can actually help us find the truth, instead of distorting it.

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Watch Jaden Smith and Justin Bieber Share Sweet Moment at Coachella

The two previously collaborated on the 2010 track "Never Say Never."

Justin Bieber  and  Jaden Smith  shared a fun moment at the  2024 Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival . 

On Saturday, Bieber and Smith were seen embracing in the VIP section near one of the stages at the three-day festival. In a video that circulated online, Smith hugged Bieber from behind before Biebs turned around and kissed him on the cheek.

Bieber and Smith have been friends for over a decade now. They first collaborated on Bieber's hit song "Never Say Never," which was the theme of Smith and Jackie Chan's 2010 movie  The Karate Kid.

View this photo on Instagram

The "Yummy" singer was also seen hanging out with his wife Hailey during Lana Del Ray's headlining set. Bieber also joined Tems and Wizkid on stage for a rendition of "Essence," which you can watch below.

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