122 Inflation Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

🏆 best inflation topic ideas & essay examples, 👍 good essay topics on inflation, ⭐ simple & easy inflation essay titles, 💡 interesting topics to write about inflation.

  • Evaluate Government Policies to Reduce the Rate of Inflation The rate of inflation is the adjustment in the index of price in a single year to a new one expressed in percentages.
  • Inflation: Types and Negative Effects The mentioned type of inflation can stimulate the economy and increase demand for jobs, but at the same time, it raises the prices and is usually more expensive than cost-push inflation.
  • Increasing Inflation Impact on Individuals In simpler terms, inflation is the rise in the cost of living due to an exaggerated increase in commodity prices. This is because the rate of savings will be lower than the inflation resulting in […]
  • Inflation and Deflation and Their Outcomes That is the money in the hands of the consumers is more causing an increase in the aggregate demand. On the other side, the lender of the money loses some value of the money given […]
  • Federal Reserve System: Inflation The article ‘Inflation and the Federal Reserve’ by Richard Cook; this source can be used to describe the central threat of inflation and identify the principal steps to be developed by central banks, government, and […]
  • The Price Deviations and Inflation Rates As seen from the table, the price deviations and inflation rates vary significantly depending on the item, season, and any global events that affect the economy.
  • The Economic Disparity and Inflation It is essential to emphasize that the economic consequences of the pandemic are severe and are due in the main to inflation.
  • US Economy: Navigating Debt, Inflation, and Recession Risks Today, the US is the world’s largest debtor and also the largest economy, market, and investor. Household debt can become a severe problem for the economy if exceeds their dead and accumulated wealth.
  • Unemployment Rate: Impact on GDP and Inflation In such a way, the scenario shows it is vital to preserve the balance and avoid decisions focusing on only one aspect of the economy.
  • The Inflation Dynamics in the Canadian Context According to the report, the economy only functions well when inflation is stable and predictable and is in an unhealthy state otherwise.inflation has been stable in the country over the last 25 years because of […]
  • “Expected and Realized Inflation…” by Binder & Kamdar At the same time, the key focus of adaptive expectations is on the past rates of realized inflation and the factors that caused it.
  • Inflation at the International Monetary Fund Anchoring inflation expectations, which is a condition in which inflation is regarded near the Central Bank target and typically matches what consumers anticipate, is one of the other possible measures. The pandemic appears to be […]
  • How the Federal Reserve Controls Inflation According to the author of the article, the crisis became the impetus for developing new strategies for controlling the level of inflation.
  • Fiscal Policy and Inflation in Canada According to the report, in order to protect the country from the long-lasting consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and the recently emerged effects of the Russian-Ukraine war, Canadian policy-makers implemented fiscal policies, but their efficacy […]
  • Walmart Has Been Negatively Impacted by Inflation The employment issues caused by the pandemic and increased prices for goods handling forced the company to consider the option of automation for business processes.
  • “Inflation Hits the Fastest Pace Since 1981, at 8.5% Through March” by Koeze Further on, the predictions reveal that the inflation rate is expected to stabilize due to a decrease in the price of used cars and apparel.
  • Inflation Rates and the Value of the Dollar Projected Social Security benefits at the retirement age of 65 years are 48,580 The current age is 25 years Retirement age is 65 years =40 years The annual inflation rate is at 3% Utilizing the […]
  • Inflation and High-Interest Rates When a company borrows in a country with higher interest rates, the risk of inflation and currency depreciation grows, but the debt of this company is the same.
  • Inflation’s Impact on Fixed Income By taking a diversified approach to fixed income investing, investors can better manage the risks associated with interest rates as well as inflation and increase the yield in their bond portfolios.
  • How Economic Crises Affect Inflation Beliefs A feature of the article is the study by the authors of the consequences of inflationary crises and comparison with pre-existing crises to calculate the level of the crisis as a whole.
  • Inflation: What Is It and Inflation in the USA Inflation is an increase in the general price level of goods, works, and services of the country’s population and businesses or an extended period. This kind of inflation is considered the best because it occurs […]
  • Inflation Crisis in China for Financial Managers As a financial manager running my company, the rise in prices of commodities will decrease the purchasing power of the foreign currency used by investors and potential customers across the globe.
  • Unemployment and Inflation Relation However, the level of unemployment and its prevailing types can differ significantly depending on the state of the economies of countries and the policies they use to combat unemployment.
  • Unanticipated and Participated Inflation The first inflation outcome refers to income recipients hurt by inflation as there is a forcible price level increase that does not coincide with their income increase proportionally.
  • Interest Rate and Inflation Impact on Exchange Rate The second observation point to be made pertains to the differences in the exchange rate of NZDUSD among the two viable.
  • Inflation and Deflation Effects on the US and Saudi Stock Markets Inflation is traditionally defined as a consistent rise in the price rates within a specific industry or in the entire economy of the state, which is triggered by a rapid increase in demand: “Inflation is […]
  • Treasury Inflation-Protected Security Refers This ensures that the real rate of interest is determined beforehand, and it adjusts automatically to the increase in the inflation rate.
  • Significance of Inflation to Corporate Finance The argument goes on that with elevated inflation rates, there is always a chance to cut down on interest rates as compared to instances when the inflation rates are low and interest rates need to […]
  • UAE and GCC Economic Analysis: Inflation and Unemployment This is explained by the fact that UAE is less dependent on oil trade, hence, the inflation and unemployment rate in the UAE is lower in comparison with the countries of GCC.
  • Government Spending Stimulation in the Fight Against Inflation The equilibrium point is a point where the value of is money adjusted thereby creating an equilibrium in the quantity of money supplied and that of the quantity of money demanded.
  • Inflation in the US Business Industry Inflation can be measured in the following ways; Monetary inflation; caused by increase in the increase in the amount of money in circulation in an economy.
  • Gasoline Prices, Rates of Unemployment, Inflation, and Economic Growth The data which has been queried from the database are related to gasoline prices in California, the unemployment rate in the US, the inflation rate in the US, and Real GDP.
  • Future Inflation and Growth Figures The increase in real GDP in the first half of 2007 was the same as that in the second half of 2006: at an annual rate of 2.25%.
  • “Inflation Rise Hits US Consumers” BBC Article The main focus of the article’s concern is the inflation rise that US economics experiences now and the impact it has on US consumer spending.
  • Inflation Dynamics: Mistakes in the Forecaster’s Behavior In this case, the authors of the article pay attention to the evaluation of the Phillips curve and understanding its advantages and drawbacks.
  • Saudi Arabia and Inflation: Past, Present, Future What is the role of the Saudi Central Bank about inflation? What is the historical inflation trend in Saudi?
  • Inflation Expectations: Households and Forecasters The New Keynesian formula that the authors of the paper were trying to create, in its turn was supposed to provide justification for the lack of forecast efficacy in determining the changes in inflation rates, […]
  • Asset Bubbles and Policy Response: A Historical View In the 1990s and the early years of the 21st century, the federal reserve policy makers opted to adopt the mop-up-after strategy-policy of letting the bubbles burst and then mopping up there after.
  • Inflation Tradeoffs and the Phillips Curve In the findings, Lucas concluded that the there is a direct relationship and variance in the tradeoff between full employment and inflation rate at a particular level of input in the countries studied.
  • Inflation and Unemployment in the United States In the 21st century, there are so many issues in the economy of the United States. This is increasing the demand for skilled workers by the day as opposed to the unskilled.
  • Unemployment and Inflation Issues In most cases, if one is suffering structural unemployment, it is as a result of improvement in a certain area, or a change in the way things are done.
  • Fluctuations in Inflation and Employment Debate surrounded what is termed the multiplier effect: are they higher for tax cuts or government spending, the differences in multiplier effect from different tax cuts, Incentive impact from tax cuts.
  • Inflation in the 1970s In such a case, the reduced injections into the circular flow of the economy trim down the demand, which reduces inflation, and the general growth of the economy reduces significantly.
  • Inflation Causes: Structuralism and Monetarism One of the features of this kind of inflation is a rapid rise in the price level with the currency loosing its value.
  • The Effects of Inflation Targeting In theory inflation targeting is straightforward: the impending rate of inflation is predicted by the central bank, later on it is juxtaposed with the target rates which the government considers as appropriate for the economy […]
  • The Euro Zone’s Rising Inflation and Unemployment Rate However, the euro zone found itself in a predicament from late 2009 after the economic downturns that faced some countries in the euro zone.
  • Inflation Tax – Printing More Money to Cover the War Expenses The subsequent encroachment of inflation diminishes the value of money hence even if people had more money, the value of their cash was meaningless, a phenomenon similar to tax collection, which reduces the total amount […]
  • Economic Condition of Singapore: Inflation Hits 5.2% in March Some of the effects of high inflation rate that has been felt in the economy are the increase of the housing prices, and cost of fuel increased by approximately 5%, thereby increasing the cost of […]
  • Inflation Is Here to Stay, as Prices Will Always Go Up Monetary policy refers to the actions pursued by the central bank of a country to regulate the amount of money supply in the economy.
  • Inflation in the United Kingdom According to the Bank of England, inflation occurs when the demand exceeds the ability by the economy’s capacity to produce goods and services.
  • Effect of a Permanent Increase in Oil Price on Inflation and Output During the same year, the alterations in the price of oil were activated by a change in the supply of the same commodity in the market place.
  • Consumer Price Index: Measuring Inflation In this case, the volumes of money being circulated exceeds the supply of goods and services in the same market thus leading to an upward adjustment of prices in order to absorb the extra monies […]
  • The Cause of China’s Inflation The supply is affected by the increase of prices of food in the global market, whereby, the Chinese government finds it difficult to satisfy the food demand of the increasing population of the Chinese population.
  • China’s Economic Growth and Inflation On the road to becoming the second largest economy, China has experienced growth rates of about 10% in the last 30 years making it to top the list of the fastest growing economies.
  • The Current Impact of Inflation and Unemployment on Germany’s Political/Economic System It is notable to recognize the fact that the rate of savings in the nation is quite high causing a dip in the rate of inflation.
  • Problem of China’s Inflation With the increase in oil prices, energy costs have increased, and this has resulted into an increase in the prices of products manufactured in the industries. In 2009 the government made a policy to increase […]
  • Inflation in Saudi Arabia This paper, using the quarterly data from 1980 to 2010, examines the causes behind the inflation in Saudi, its effects, and the effectiveness of the counter-strategies and policies the Saudi government has put in place […]
  • Inflation Rates in Sweden The recession of the early 1990s was largely responsible for the drop in inflation rates. As per the theoretical model of money supply and inflation, increases in money supply will lead to inflationary pressures.
  • China Currency Policy and Inflation The sphere of inflation in China relates to the consumer price index which has recorded a rising orientation in the near past.
  • Current News of Economics: The Global Inflation Inflation has affected the total demand for goods and services in the economy, thus exceeding the supply. This means that you would have to pay more for the same amount of goods and services you […]
  • Analysis of Unemployment and Inflation in the United States This was at the height of the recession that continues to grapple the country with major negative implications in the economy.
  • GDP, Unemployment, Inflation, and Economic Growth
  • Absolute and Relative Anti-Inflation Reputation: Evidence From the Bond Markets
  • World Inflation and Monetary Accommodation in Eight Countries
  • Can Demography Improve Inflation Forecasts? The Case of Sweden
  • Accounting for Post-Crisis Inflation and Employment: A Retro Analysis
  • Unravelling India’s Inflation and Policy Puzzles
  • Inflation and Financial Market Performance: What Have We Learned in the Past Ten Years?
  • Administered Inflation and Business Pricing: Another Look
  • The Historical Relationship Between Inflation and Political Rebellion: What It Might Teach Us About Neoliberalism
  • America’s Only Peacetime Inflation: The 1970s
  • Sectoral Inflation and the Phillips Curve: What Has Changed Since the Great Recession?
  • Analyzing the Relationship Between Inflation Rate and Per Capita GDP Growth
  • Banks, Lies, and Bricks: The Determinants of Home Value Inflation in Spain During the Housing Boom
  • Capacity Utilization and Unemployment Rates: Are They Complements or Substitutes?
  • Fast vs. Gradual Policies to Control Inflation
  • Bond Market Inflation Expectations in Industrial Countries: Historical Comparisons
  • Inflation and Monetary Velocity in Latin America
  • What Drives the Relationship Between Inflation and Price Dispersion: Market Power vs. Price Rigidity
  • How Much Did Speculation Contribute to the Recent Food Price Inflation?
  • MAPI: Model for Analysis and Projection of Inflation in France
  • Budget Deficit, Inflation, and Debt Sustainability: Evidence From Turkey
  • Monetarism: Printing Money to Curb Inflation
  • Capacity Constraints, Inflation, and the Transmission Mechanism: Forward-Looking vs. Myopic Policy Rules
  • When Did Inflation Expectations in the Euro Area De-Anchor?
  • Capturing the Link Between M3 Growth and Inflation in the Euro Zone
  • Implementing Monetary Cooperation Through Inflation Targeting
  • German Great Inflation: Summary & Analysis
  • The Maastricht Inflation Criterion: On the Effect of the European Union Expansion
  • What Unemployment Rates Tell Us About the Future Inflation
  • Applying Foreign Exchange Interventions as an Additional Instrument Under Inflation Targeting: The Case of Ukraine
  • China’s Economic Slowdown and International Inflation Dynamics
  • The Impact of Inflation Targeting on the Real Economy of Developing and Emerging Countries
  • Effects of Inflation on Business: The Good and the Bad
  • U.S. Inflation Dynamics: What Drives Them Over Different Frequencies
  • Structural Inflation and the 1994 ‘Monetary’ Crisis in China
  • Macroeconomic Aggregate Model for Analysis of Inflation and Stabilization of the Russian Economy
  • Cyclical vs. Acyclical Inflation: A Deeper Dive
  • The Inflation-Output Nexus: Empirical Evidence From India, Brazil, and South Africa
  • Forecasting Inflation Using Constant Gain Least Squares
  • Stopping Hyperinflation: Lessons From the German Inflation Experience of the 1920s
  • Modeling and Forecasting Inflation in Japan
  • Globalization and Inflation Dynamics: The Impact of Increased Competition
  • The Relationship Between Inflation and Economic Growth: A Multi-Country Empirical Analysis
  • How Does Monetary Policy Influence Inflation and Employment?
  • Assessing the Gap Between Observed and Perceived Inflation in the Euro Area
  • Unanticipated Inflation, Devaluation, and Output in Latin America
  • Inflation and Economic Growth Nexus in BRICS: Evidence From ARDL Bound Testing Approach
  • Bootstrapping Covariate Unit Root Tests: An Application to Inflation Rates
  • Fiscal Dominance and Inflation Targeting: Lessons From Brazil
  • Inflation and the Gig Economy: E-Tailing and Self-Employment Rise in Disrupting the Phillips Curve
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A Study on Inflation

21 Pages Posted: 14 Apr 2021

Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon-425001, India; DSATM

Date Written: March 31, 2021

The report entitled –“A Study on Inflation” elucidates inflation (or less frequently, price inflation) which is a general rise in the price level in an economy over a period of time. When the general price level rises, each unit of currency buys fewer goods and services; consequently, inflation reflects a reduction in the purchasing power per unit of money– a loss of real value in the medium of exchange and unit of account within the economy. The opposite of inflation is deflation, a sustained decrease in the general price level of goods and services. The common measure of inflation is the inflation rate, the annualized percentage change in a general price index, usually the consumer price index, over time. Economists believe that very high rates of inflation and hyperinflation are harmful, and are caused by an excessive growth of the money supply. Views on which factors determine low to moderate rates of inflation are more varied. Low or moderate inflation may be attributed to fluctuations in real demand for goods and services, or changes in available supplies such as during scarcities. However, the consensus view is that a long sustained period of inflation is caused by money supply growing faster than the rate of economic growth. Inflation affects economies in various positive and negative ways. The negative effects of inflation include an increase in the opportunity cost of holding money, uncertainty over future inflation which may discourage investment and savings, and if inflation were rapid enough, shortages of goods as consumers begin hoarding out of concern that prices will increase in the future. Positive effects include reducing unemployment due to nominal wage rigidity, allowing the central bank greater freedom in carrying out monetary policy, encouraging loans and investment instead of money hoarding, and avoiding the inefficiencies associated with deflation. Today, most economists favor a low and steady rate of inflation.Low (as opposed to zero or negative) inflation reduces the severity of economic recessions by enabling the labor market to adjust more quickly in a downturn, and reduces the risk that a liquidity trap prevents monetary policy from stabilizing the economy. The task of keeping the rate of inflation low and stable is usually given to monetary authorities. Generally, these monetary authorities are the central banks that control monetary policy through the setting of interest rates, through open market operations, and through the setting of banking reserve requirements.

Keywords: devaluation, Consumer Price Index (CPI), Keynesians, monetarists

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  • Working Papers

People’s Understanding of Inflation

  • Author: Alberto Binetti , Francesco Nuzzi , Stefanie Stantcheva
  • Authors: Alberto Binetti , Francesco Nuzzi , Stefanie Stantcheva

Publication: Harvard University Working Paper, 2024

This paper studies people’s understanding of inflation–their perceived causes, consequences, trade-offs–and the policies supported to mitigate its effects. We design a new, detailed online survey based on the rich existing literature in economics with two experimental components—a conjoint experiment and an information experiment—to examine how well public views align with established economic theories. Our key findings show that the major perceived causes of inflation include government actions, such as increased foreign aid and warrelated expenditures, alongside rises in production costs attributed to recent events like the COVID-19 pandemic, oil price fluctuations, and supply chain disruptions. Respondents anticipate many negative consequences of inflation but the most noted one is the increased complexity and difficulty in household decision-making. Partisan differences emerge distinctly, with Republicans more likely to attribute inflation to government policies and foresee broader negative outcomes, whereas Democrats anticipate greater inequality effects. Inflation is perceived as an unambiguously negative phenomenon without any potential positive economic correlates. Notably, there is a widespread belief that managing inflation can be achieved without significant trade-offs, such as reducing economic activity or increasing unemployment. These perceptions are hard to move experimentally. In terms of policy responses, there is resistance to monetary tightening, consistent with the perceived absence of trade-offs and the belief that it is unnecessary to reduce economic activity to fight inflation. The widespread misconception that inflation rises following increases in interest rates even leads to support for rate cuts to reduce inflation. There is a clear preference for policies that are perceived to have other benefits, such as reducing government debt in progressive ways or increasing corporate taxes, and for support for vulnerable households, despite potential inflationary effects.

inflation research paper title

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Home — Essay Samples — Economics — Political Economy — Inflation

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Essays on Inflation

Inflation essay topics and outline examples, essay title 1: understanding inflation: causes, effects, and economic policy responses.

Thesis Statement: This essay provides a comprehensive analysis of inflation, exploring its root causes, the economic and societal effects it generates, and the various policy measures employed by governments and central banks to manage and mitigate inflationary pressures.

  • Introduction
  • Defining Inflation: Concept and Measurement
  • Causes of Inflation: Demand-Pull, Cost-Push, and Monetary Factors
  • Effects of Inflation on Individuals, Businesses, and the Economy
  • Inflationary Policies: Central Bank Actions and Government Interventions
  • Case Studies: Historical Inflationary Periods and Their Consequences
  • Challenges in Inflation Management: Balancing Growth and Price Stability

Essay Title 2: Inflation and Its Impact on Consumer Purchasing Power: A Closer Look at the Cost of Living

Thesis Statement: This essay focuses on the effects of inflation on consumer purchasing power, analyzing how rising prices affect the cost of living, household budgets, and the strategies individuals employ to cope with inflation-induced challenges.

  • Inflation's Impact on Prices: Understanding the Cost of Living Index
  • Consumer Behavior and Inflation: Adjustments in Spending Patterns
  • Income Inequality and Inflation: Examining Disparities in Financial Resilience
  • Financial Planning Strategies: Savings, Investments, and Inflation Hedges
  • Government Interventions: Indexation, Wage Controls, and Social Programs
  • The Global Perspective: Inflation in Different Economies and Regions

Essay Title 3: Hyperinflation and Economic Crises: Case Studies and Lessons from History

Thesis Statement: This essay explores hyperinflation as an extreme form of inflation, examines historical case studies of hyperinflationary crises, and draws lessons on the devastating economic and social consequences that result from unchecked inflationary pressures.

  • Defining Hyperinflation: Thresholds and Characteristics
  • Case Study 1: Weimar Republic (Germany) and the Hyperinflation of 1923
  • Case Study 2: Zimbabwe's Hyperinflationary Collapse in the Late 2000s
  • Impact on Society: Currency Devaluation, Poverty, and Social Unrest
  • Responses and Recovery: Stabilizing Currencies and Rebuilding Economies
  • Preventative Measures: Policies to Avoid Hyperinflationary Crises

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The Issue of Unemployment and Inflation in Colombia

The theory and policy of macroeconomics on inflation rate, socio-economic conditions in 'what is poverty' by jo goodwin parker, non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment (nairu), targeting zero inflation and increase of government spending as a way of curbing recession, howa spiraling inflation has impacted the venezuelan economy, how venezuela has been affected by inflation, effects of inflation on kenya commercial banks lending, exploring theories of inflation in economics, about fuel prices: factors, impacts, and solutions, analyzing the inflation reduction act, the oscillating tides of the american economy, exploring the implications of the inflation reduction act, inflation reduction act in the frame of macroeconomic challenges, the impact of inflation reduction act on the international economic stage, relevant topics.

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inflation research paper title

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117 Inflation Essay Topics

🏆 best essay topics on inflation, ✍️ inflation essay topics for college, 👍 good inflation research topics & essay examples, 🎓 most interesting inflation research titles, ❓ essay questions on inflation.

  • The Inflation Impact on Society
  • Malaysia’s Inflation
  • Inflation: Causes, Problems, Impacts on Economy
  • The Mechanisms of Inflation
  • A Political Cartoon About Canada’s Inflation by MacKay
  • Nominal Anchor: Monetary Targeting and Inflation
  • Zimbabwe Inflation Now Over 1 Million Percent
  • Healthcare Inflation in Canada and the US Canada spends a lower percentage of its GDP on healthcare than the United States, and its healthcare inflation rate has been consistently lower since the 1990s.
  • The United States Inflation Rate Inflation is expressed primarily in the depreciation of money, which depreciates in relation to gold, commodities, and foreign currencies.
  • Inflation in the UK The Bank of England raised its interest rates in response to the inflation increase and forecast inflation to reach a value just above two percent in two years.
  • Options to Combat High UK Inflation Rate The development of anti-inflationary measures by the government and the Bank of England should be based on the principle of multifactoriality.
  • The Impact of Government Spending on GDP Growth, Unemployment, and Inflation Real GDP Refers to every financial activity done by the government, including consumption, investment, and transfer payment.
  • How Raising Interest Rates Helps Fight Inflation and High Prices There is a mutual relationship between business and government where the government regulates the environment in which business operates.
  • Exploration of Price Increase and Inflation Over the Years The paper discusses how inflation affected prices in 2021 and previous periods of inflation. It helps scientists understand how important inflation is.
  • The Impact of Taxation and Inflation in the U.S. Carl Szabo’s article “Democrats want you to keep paying more” from the RealClear Policy website discusses how the current government makes Americans pay more.
  • Real vs. Inflationary Growth: What’s the Difference? Real growth and inflation are associated with the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). GDP is the total market worth of a nation’s products and services during a specific period.
  • The Ethical Repercussions Inflation Has Had on Businesses This paper analyzes the ethical repercussions inflation has had on businesses and the impacts that inflation has had on consumers and other businesses.
  • The Unemployment and Inflation Causes in Australia The change in the Australian 2021 indicator of unemployment is the representation of cyclical unemployment since it lasted less than a year.
  • Grades Inflation and Educational Services Quality In the modern education system, the quality of educational services has become the most relevant topic. The rating system aims to improve the differentia of academic performance.
  • Inflation, Oil Prices, and How the President May Influence Them Inflation and oil prices are actual modern themes, as they are directly connected with the incomes and wealth of most people.
  • How to Cure Inflation: Summary Inflation leads to increased prices. Although wages grow, the taxes increase. In the end, people do not have more money to spend on goods.
  • Inflation and Increase in Money Supply Even though the increase in the money supply might stimulate the economy, it is a dangerous strategy, and the Federal Reserve has to act with caution.
  • Inflation and Consumer Price Indexes The paper provides an example of a country that has implemented hyperinflation and explains the impact of this economic policy on the economy.
  • The US Federal Reserve on Employment and Inflation The paper analyzes the statement of Federal Reserve, how it affects the economy, why the general public criticizes it, and what the future looks like if strategic changes are made.
  • Federal Reserve System, Inflation, and Wage-Price Spiral An important indicator that can cause a policy shift toward a more stringent monetary policy would be the wage-price spiral.
  • Inflation and Control Policies in the United Kingdom Inflation is a highly contentious issue. This is due to its economic implications. Inflation has the potential of crippling a country’s economy.
  • The Problem of Inflation: Crucial Aspects Of primary importance is the recognition that inflation is not an unnatural or harmful mechanism for a country’s economy.
  • Measuring Inflation: Article Analysis Fluctuating in a seemingly unpredictable way, inflation rates are shaped by a range of factors, one of which is the change in the cost of living.
  • Measuring Inflation: Consumer Price Index The article examines the consumer price index as the main instrument for measuring inflation in the United States, analyzes its advantages and disadvantages.
  • Inflation and Unemployment in Bavaria Considering the normal state of the economy and the existing level of employment close to full, the President of Bavaria is not recommended to pursue an expansionary fiscal policy.
  • Inflation in the Real Estate Industry This paper will cover the real estate industry in the US, as it might be affected by the increased inflation rates, as the demand for housing is not increasing as quickly.
  • Balance of Payments, Inflation and Exchange Rate Balance of payments, inflation, and the exchange rate are the main driving forces of the UK economy, as well as in other countries.
  • Inflation in India and China The growth of the Asian economies, more specifically China and India have allowed the examination of inflation in both countries.
  • China Faces Inflation Pressure Inflation is essentially the rise in general price of goods and services over a period of time in economics. It is more commonly referred to as price inflation in now.
  • Income Inflation: Absorption Costing vs. Variable This paper presents a summary of and a reaction to the article, Income Inflation: Absorption Costing vs. Variable by Wink and Corradino.
  • Inflation in the United Kingdom’s Economy Global Positioning System is a system comprised of satellites capable of broadcasting certain signals used primarily for navigation in both the private and the military sectors.
  • Mugabenomics as a Cause of Inflation in Zimbabwe The paper outlines the primary challenges of Zimbabwe economic system and provides a consistent account of inefficient economic strategies that disrupt the country’s well-being.
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Strategies for Controlling Inflation

This paper examines what strategies policymakers have used to both reduce and control inflation. It first outlines why a consensus has emerged that inflation needs to be controlled. Then it examines four basic strategies: exchange rate pegging, monetary targeting, inflation targeting, and the just do it' strategy of preemptive monetary policy with no explicit nominal anchor. The discussion highlights the advantages and disadvantages of each strategy and sheds light not only on how disinflation might best be achieved, but also on how hard won gains in lowering inflation can be locked in.

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Frederic S Mishkin, 1997. "Strategies for Controlling Inflation," RBA Annual Conference Volume, in: Philip Lowe (ed.), Monetary Policy and Inflation Targeting Reserve Bank of Australia.

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Research Discussion Paper – RDP 2024-05 Sign Restrictions and Supply-demand Decompositions of Inflation

Matthew Read

August 2024

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Policymakers are often interested in the degree to which changes in prices are driven by shocks to supply or demand. One way to estimate the contributions of these shocks is with a structural vector autoregression identified using sign restrictions on the slopes of demand and supply curves. The appeal of this approach is that it relies on uncontroversial assumptions. However, sign restrictions only identify decompositions up to a set. I characterise the conditions under which these sets are informative, examining both historical decompositions (contributions to outcomes) and forecast error variance decompositions (contributions to variances). I use this framework to estimate the contributions of supply and demand shocks to inflation in the United States. While the sign restrictions yield sharp conclusions about the drivers of inflation in some expenditure categories, they tend to yield uninformative decompositions of aggregate inflation. A ‘bottom-up’ decomposition of aggregate inflation is less informative than a decomposition that uses the aggregate data directly.

https://doi.org/10.47688/RDP2024-05

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Computer Science > Computation and Language

Title: hybridrag: integrating knowledge graphs and vector retrieval augmented generation for efficient information extraction.

Abstract: Extraction and interpretation of intricate information from unstructured text data arising in financial applications, such as earnings call transcripts, present substantial challenges to large language models (LLMs) even using the current best practices to use Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) (referred to as VectorRAG techniques which utilize vector databases for information retrieval) due to challenges such as domain specific terminology and complex formats of the documents. We introduce a novel approach based on a combination, called HybridRAG, of the Knowledge Graphs (KGs) based RAG techniques (called GraphRAG) and VectorRAG techniques to enhance question-answer (Q&A) systems for information extraction from financial documents that is shown to be capable of generating accurate and contextually relevant answers. Using experiments on a set of financial earning call transcripts documents which come in the form of Q&A format, and hence provide a natural set of pairs of ground-truth Q&As, we show that HybridRAG which retrieves context from both vector database and KG outperforms both traditional VectorRAG and GraphRAG individually when evaluated at both the retrieval and generation stages in terms of retrieval accuracy and answer generation. The proposed technique has applications beyond the financial domain
Comments: 9 pages, 2 figures, 5 tables
Subjects: Computation and Language (cs.CL); Machine Learning (cs.LG); Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST); Applications (stat.AP); Machine Learning (stat.ML)
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inflation research paper title

How to Write a Research Proposal: (with Examples & Templates)

how to write a research proposal

Table of Contents

Before conducting a study, a research proposal should be created that outlines researchers’ plans and methodology and is submitted to the concerned evaluating organization or person. Creating a research proposal is an important step to ensure that researchers are on track and are moving forward as intended. A research proposal can be defined as a detailed plan or blueprint for the proposed research that you intend to undertake. It provides readers with a snapshot of your project by describing what you will investigate, why it is needed, and how you will conduct the research.  

Your research proposal should aim to explain to the readers why your research is relevant and original, that you understand the context and current scenario in the field, have the appropriate resources to conduct the research, and that the research is feasible given the usual constraints.  

This article will describe in detail the purpose and typical structure of a research proposal , along with examples and templates to help you ace this step in your research journey.  

What is a Research Proposal ?  

A research proposal¹ ,²  can be defined as a formal report that describes your proposed research, its objectives, methodology, implications, and other important details. Research proposals are the framework of your research and are used to obtain approvals or grants to conduct the study from various committees or organizations. Consequently, research proposals should convince readers of your study’s credibility, accuracy, achievability, practicality, and reproducibility.   

With research proposals , researchers usually aim to persuade the readers, funding agencies, educational institutions, and supervisors to approve the proposal. To achieve this, the report should be well structured with the objectives written in clear, understandable language devoid of jargon. A well-organized research proposal conveys to the readers or evaluators that the writer has thought out the research plan meticulously and has the resources to ensure timely completion.  

Purpose of Research Proposals  

A research proposal is a sales pitch and therefore should be detailed enough to convince your readers, who could be supervisors, ethics committees, universities, etc., that what you’re proposing has merit and is feasible . Research proposals can help students discuss their dissertation with their faculty or fulfill course requirements and also help researchers obtain funding. A well-structured proposal instills confidence among readers about your ability to conduct and complete the study as proposed.  

Research proposals can be written for several reasons:³  

  • To describe the importance of research in the specific topic  
  • Address any potential challenges you may encounter  
  • Showcase knowledge in the field and your ability to conduct a study  
  • Apply for a role at a research institute  
  • Convince a research supervisor or university that your research can satisfy the requirements of a degree program  
  • Highlight the importance of your research to organizations that may sponsor your project  
  • Identify implications of your project and how it can benefit the audience  

What Goes in a Research Proposal?    

Research proposals should aim to answer the three basic questions—what, why, and how.  

The What question should be answered by describing the specific subject being researched. It should typically include the objectives, the cohort details, and the location or setting.  

The Why question should be answered by describing the existing scenario of the subject, listing unanswered questions, identifying gaps in the existing research, and describing how your study can address these gaps, along with the implications and significance.  

The How question should be answered by describing the proposed research methodology, data analysis tools expected to be used, and other details to describe your proposed methodology.   

Research Proposal Example  

Here is a research proposal sample template (with examples) from the University of Rochester Medical Center. 4 The sections in all research proposals are essentially the same although different terminology and other specific sections may be used depending on the subject.  

Research Proposal Template

Structure of a Research Proposal  

If you want to know how to make a research proposal impactful, include the following components:¹  

1. Introduction  

This section provides a background of the study, including the research topic, what is already known about it and the gaps, and the significance of the proposed research.  

2. Literature review  

This section contains descriptions of all the previous relevant studies pertaining to the research topic. Every study cited should be described in a few sentences, starting with the general studies to the more specific ones. This section builds on the understanding gained by readers in the Introduction section and supports it by citing relevant prior literature, indicating to readers that you have thoroughly researched your subject.  

3. Objectives  

Once the background and gaps in the research topic have been established, authors must now state the aims of the research clearly. Hypotheses should be mentioned here. This section further helps readers understand what your study’s specific goals are.  

4. Research design and methodology  

Here, authors should clearly describe the methods they intend to use to achieve their proposed objectives. Important components of this section include the population and sample size, data collection and analysis methods and duration, statistical analysis software, measures to avoid bias (randomization, blinding), etc.  

5. Ethical considerations  

This refers to the protection of participants’ rights, such as the right to privacy, right to confidentiality, etc. Researchers need to obtain informed consent and institutional review approval by the required authorities and mention this clearly for transparency.  

6. Budget/funding  

Researchers should prepare their budget and include all expected expenditures. An additional allowance for contingencies such as delays should also be factored in.  

7. Appendices  

This section typically includes information that supports the research proposal and may include informed consent forms, questionnaires, participant information, measurement tools, etc.  

8. Citations  

inflation research paper title

Important Tips for Writing a Research Proposal  

Writing a research proposal begins much before the actual task of writing. Planning the research proposal structure and content is an important stage, which if done efficiently, can help you seamlessly transition into the writing stage. 3,5  

The Planning Stage  

  • Manage your time efficiently. Plan to have the draft version ready at least two weeks before your deadline and the final version at least two to three days before the deadline.
  • What is the primary objective of your research?  
  • Will your research address any existing gap?  
  • What is the impact of your proposed research?  
  • Do people outside your field find your research applicable in other areas?  
  • If your research is unsuccessful, would there still be other useful research outcomes?  

  The Writing Stage  

  • Create an outline with main section headings that are typically used.  
  • Focus only on writing and getting your points across without worrying about the format of the research proposal , grammar, punctuation, etc. These can be fixed during the subsequent passes. Add details to each section heading you created in the beginning.   
  • Ensure your sentences are concise and use plain language. A research proposal usually contains about 2,000 to 4,000 words or four to seven pages.  
  • Don’t use too many technical terms and abbreviations assuming that the readers would know them. Define the abbreviations and technical terms.  
  • Ensure that the entire content is readable. Avoid using long paragraphs because they affect the continuity in reading. Break them into shorter paragraphs and introduce some white space for readability.  
  • Focus on only the major research issues and cite sources accordingly. Don’t include generic information or their sources in the literature review.  
  • Proofread your final document to ensure there are no grammatical errors so readers can enjoy a seamless, uninterrupted read.  
  • Use academic, scholarly language because it brings formality into a document.  
  • Ensure that your title is created using the keywords in the document and is neither too long and specific nor too short and general.  
  • Cite all sources appropriately to avoid plagiarism.  
  • Make sure that you follow guidelines, if provided. This includes rules as simple as using a specific font or a hyphen or en dash between numerical ranges.  
  • Ensure that you’ve answered all questions requested by the evaluating authority.  

Key Takeaways   

Here’s a summary of the main points about research proposals discussed in the previous sections:  

  • A research proposal is a document that outlines the details of a proposed study and is created by researchers to submit to evaluators who could be research institutions, universities, faculty, etc.  
  • Research proposals are usually about 2,000-4,000 words long, but this depends on the evaluating authority’s guidelines.  
  • A good research proposal ensures that you’ve done your background research and assessed the feasibility of the research.  
  • Research proposals have the following main sections—introduction, literature review, objectives, methodology, ethical considerations, and budget.  

inflation research paper title

Frequently Asked Questions  

Q1. How is a research proposal evaluated?  

A1. In general, most evaluators, including universities, broadly use the following criteria to evaluate research proposals . 6  

  • Significance —Does the research address any important subject or issue, which may or may not be specific to the evaluator or university?  
  • Content and design —Is the proposed methodology appropriate to answer the research question? Are the objectives clear and well aligned with the proposed methodology?  
  • Sample size and selection —Is the target population or cohort size clearly mentioned? Is the sampling process used to select participants randomized, appropriate, and free of bias?  
  • Timing —Are the proposed data collection dates mentioned clearly? Is the project feasible given the specified resources and timeline?  
  • Data management and dissemination —Who will have access to the data? What is the plan for data analysis?  

Q2. What is the difference between the Introduction and Literature Review sections in a research proposal ?  

A2. The Introduction or Background section in a research proposal sets the context of the study by describing the current scenario of the subject and identifying the gaps and need for the research. A Literature Review, on the other hand, provides references to all prior relevant literature to help corroborate the gaps identified and the research need.  

Q3. How long should a research proposal be?  

A3. Research proposal lengths vary with the evaluating authority like universities or committees and also the subject. Here’s a table that lists the typical research proposal lengths for a few universities.  

     
  Arts programs  1,000-1,500 
University of Birmingham  Law School programs  2,500 
  PhD  2,500 
    2,000 
  Research degrees  2,000-3,500 

Q4. What are the common mistakes to avoid in a research proposal ?  

A4. Here are a few common mistakes that you must avoid while writing a research proposal . 7  

  • No clear objectives: Objectives should be clear, specific, and measurable for the easy understanding among readers.  
  • Incomplete or unconvincing background research: Background research usually includes a review of the current scenario of the particular industry and also a review of the previous literature on the subject. This helps readers understand your reasons for undertaking this research because you identified gaps in the existing research.  
  • Overlooking project feasibility: The project scope and estimates should be realistic considering the resources and time available.   
  • Neglecting the impact and significance of the study: In a research proposal , readers and evaluators look for the implications or significance of your research and how it contributes to the existing research. This information should always be included.  
  • Unstructured format of a research proposal : A well-structured document gives confidence to evaluators that you have read the guidelines carefully and are well organized in your approach, consequently affirming that you will be able to undertake the research as mentioned in your proposal.  
  • Ineffective writing style: The language used should be formal and grammatically correct. If required, editors could be consulted, including AI-based tools such as Paperpal , to refine the research proposal structure and language.  

Thus, a research proposal is an essential document that can help you promote your research and secure funds and grants for conducting your research. Consequently, it should be well written in clear language and include all essential details to convince the evaluators of your ability to conduct the research as proposed.  

This article has described all the important components of a research proposal and has also provided tips to improve your writing style. We hope all these tips will help you write a well-structured research proposal to ensure receipt of grants or any other purpose.  

References  

  • Sudheesh K, Duggappa DR, Nethra SS. How to write a research proposal? Indian J Anaesth. 2016;60(9):631-634. Accessed July 15, 2024. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5037942/  
  • Writing research proposals. Harvard College Office of Undergraduate Research and Fellowships. Harvard University. Accessed July 14, 2024. https://uraf.harvard.edu/apply-opportunities/app-components/essays/research-proposals  
  • What is a research proposal? Plus how to write one. Indeed website. Accessed July 17, 2024. https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/research-proposal  
  • Research proposal template. University of Rochester Medical Center. Accessed July 16, 2024. https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/MediaLibraries/URMCMedia/pediatrics/research/documents/Research-proposal-Template.pdf  
  • Tips for successful proposal writing. Johns Hopkins University. Accessed July 17, 2024. https://research.jhu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Tips-for-Successful-Proposal-Writing.pdf  
  • Formal review of research proposals. Cornell University. Accessed July 18, 2024. https://irp.dpb.cornell.edu/surveys/survey-assessment-review-group/research-proposals  
  • 7 Mistakes you must avoid in your research proposal. Aveksana (via LinkedIn). Accessed July 17, 2024. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/7-mistakes-you-must-avoid-your-research-proposal-aveksana-cmtwf/  

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Get accurate academic translations, rewriting support, grammar checks, vocabulary suggestions, and generative AI assistance that delivers human precision at machine speed. Try for free or upgrade to Paperpal Prime starting at US$19 a month to access premium features, including consistency, plagiarism, and 30+ submission readiness checks to help you succeed.  

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  1. Full article: Economic development and inflation: a theoretical and

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    Working Paper 32497. DOI 10.3386/w32497. Issue Date May 2024. Revision Date June 2024. This paper studies people's understanding of inflation-their perceived causes, consequences, trade-offs-and the policies supported to mitigate its effects. We design a new, detailed online survey based on the rich existing literature in economics with ...

  3. PDF Introduction to 'Inflation: Causes and Effects'

    Introduction to "Inflation: Causes and Effects". This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from the National Bureau of Economic Research. Volume Title: Inflation: Causes and Effects. Volume Author/Editor: Robert E. Hall. Volume Publisher: University of Chicago Press. Volume ISBN: -226-31323-9.

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    Inflation and Deflation. Central Banks Missed Inflation Red Flags. This Pricing Model Could Help. The steep inflation that plagued the economy after the COVID-19 pandemic took many economists by surprise. But research by Alberto Cavallo suggests that a different method of tracking prices—a real-time model—could predict future surges better.

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    Abstract. The report entitled -"A Study on Inflation" elucidates inflation (or less frequently, price inflation) which is a general rise in the price level in an economy over a period of time. When the general price level rises, each unit of currency buys fewer goods and services; consequently, inflation reflects a reduction in the ...

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  11. ≡Essays on Inflation. Free Examples of Research Paper Topics, Titles

    Inflation Essay Topics and Outline Examples Essay Title 1: Understanding Inflation: Causes, Effects, and Economic Policy Responses. Thesis Statement: This essay provides a comprehensive analysis of inflation, exploring its root causes, the economic and societal effects it generates, and the various policy measures employed by governments and central banks to manage and mitigate inflationary ...

  12. PDF Understanding Inflation in Emerging and Developing Economies

    The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in this paper will be entirely those of the authors and should not be attributed to the World Bank, its Executive Directors, or the countries they represent. 1. Introduction. The global economy has witnessed a remarkable decline in inflation since the early 1970s.

  13. 117 Inflation Essay Topics & Research Titles at StudyCorgi

    Looking for the best Inflation topic for your essay or research? 💡 StudyCorgi has plenty of fresh and unique titles available for free. 👍 Check out this page! ... The paper discusses how inflation affected prices in 2021 and previous periods of inflation. It helps scientists understand how important inflation is. ... 🎓 Most Interesting ...

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  18. (PDF) INFLATION

    Deflation, or negative inflation, happens when prices fall because the supply of goods is higher. than the demand for those goods. This is usually because of a reduction in money, credit or ...

  19. PDF Analysis of Factors Affecting Inflation and its Impact on Human

    inflation rate can be on tap to 2.01 percent, this is the lowest inflation rate over a span of 20 years (1987-2006). The decline in inflation was caused by the strengthening of the rupiah in the foreign exchange market and also the prices of goods and services on the market which can be controlled by the government.

  20. The effects of inflation on economic growth and on its macroeconomic

    entific research documents, whether they are pub-lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or ... The effects of inflation on economic growth and on its macroeconomic determinants Muhammad Khan To cite this version: Muhammad Khan. The effects of inflation on economic growth and on its macroeconomic ...

  21. What Drives Inflation? Lessons from Disaggregated Price Data

    Working Paper 32194. DOI 10.3386/w32194. Issue Date March 2024. Revision Date March 2024. The Covid pandemic disrupted supply chains and labor markets, with heterogeneous effects on demand and supply across industries. Meanwhile governments responded with unprecedented stimulus packages, and inflation increased to its highest values in 40 years.

  22. Inflation Essays: Examples, Topics, & Outlines

    Inflation is generally considered an unbalance between money and. goods, consisting in the existence of excessive money supply in relation. with the volume of goods subjected to transactions, resulting an excess of. unsatisfied total demand. Given the processes that determine it, inflation can be generated.

  23. Strategies for Controlling Inflation

    Founded in 1920, the NBER is a private, non-profit, non-partisan organization dedicated to conducting economic research and to disseminating research findings among academics, public policy makers, and business professionals. ... This paper examines what strategies policymakers have used to both reduce and control inflation. It first outlines ...

  24. Research Discussion Paper

    Research Discussion Paper - RDP 2024-05 Sign Restrictions and Supply-demand Decompositions of Inflation Matthew Read. August 2024. Download the Paper 1.49MB; Non-technical summary 161KB; Supplementary information; global economy, inflation, modelling Abstract.

  25. Title: HybridRAG: Integrating Knowledge Graphs and Vector Retrieval

    Extraction and interpretation of intricate information from unstructured text data arising in financial applications, such as earnings call transcripts, present substantial challenges to large language models (LLMs) even using the current best practices to use Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) (referred to as VectorRAG techniques which utilize vector databases for information retrieval) due ...

  26. How to Write a Research Proposal: (with Examples & Templates)

    Before conducting a study, a research proposal should be created that outlines researchers' plans and methodology and is submitted to the concerned evaluating organization or person. Creating a research proposal is an important step to ensure that researchers are on track and are moving forward as intended. A research proposal can be defined as a detailed plan or blueprint for the proposed ...

  27. Inflation Cools to 2.9%, Shoring Up Case for a Fed Rate Cut

    The Consumer Price Index reading in July was the mildest year-over-year increase since 2021. 10 Inflation 8 6 +3.2% excluding The Consumer Price Index cooled in July compared with a year earlier ...

  28. Gas shocks play greater role in euro zone inflation, ECB paper says

    Natural gas price shocks have an increasingly important impact on euro zone inflation although still not as much as oil price fluctuations, fresh research published by the European Central Bank ...

  29. (PDF) Thesis Title the Impacts of Inflation Volatility ...

    The aim of this paper is to examine the volatility of inflation and impacts of inflation on economic growth of Myanmar using the yearly data over the period of 1980 to 2014. Inflation volatility ...

  30. Harris' plan to stop price gouging could create more problems ...

    Research from the San Francisco Federal Reserve suggests alleged corporate price gouging was not a primary catalyst for the inflation surge that began in 2021, while progressive-leaning think ...