ppt presentation on d

Aug 14, 2014

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Vitamin D. Monica Durham Rahmina Mutlib. Vitamin D. Vitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin Synthesized by the body after exposure to UV rays or obtained from food sources It is biologically inactive By increasing calcium absorption, vitamin D helps to form and maintain strong bones. Functions.

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• higher melanin content
• impaired uvb penetration
• poor appetite

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Vitamin D Monica Durham Rahmina Mutlib

Vitamin D • Vitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin • Synthesized by the body after exposure to UV rays or obtained from food sources • It is biologically inactive • By increasing calcium absorption, vitamin D helps to form and maintain strong bones

Functions • Cell differentiation • inhibits proliferation and stimulates the normal differentiation of cells • Immunity • The inactive form of vitamin D aids in the formation of active vitamin D which enhances immunity and inhibits the development of autoimmune disease.

Functions • Calcium balance • With decreased dietary calcium, PTH is secreted and causes increased production of calcitriol, a hormone • Calcitriol restores normal calcium levels by increased absorption of dietary calcium, increased mobilization of calcium from bone, and increased reabsorption from kidneys

Functions • Heart disease • Renin, important in regulation of blood pressure and heart health, is associated with vitamin D levels • Maintaining normal phosphorus levels • Bone cannot be properly mineralized without phosphorus

Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism • Absorption • Vitamin D is absorbed from the small intestine as bile salt • Distribution • Stored in adipose tissue • Metabolism • Transported to the liver, then kidneys, where it is activated

Excretion • Excreted in bile • Metabolized to water soluble metabolites and then excreted in urine as well

Sources • Fortified foods • Milk, cheese, yogurt, orange juice • Ready to eat cereals • Sun exposure • Rays from the sun trigger synthesis in the skin • Factors • Season • Altitude • Time of day • Cloud cover (eg. Smog) • Sunscreen

Deficiency • During vitamin D deficiency, calcium absorption cannot be increased to meet body's needs • Therefore, calcium is taken from bones to maintain normal serum levels

Risk Factors • Higher melanin content (darker skin) • Breast-fed infants • Elderly • Body covering/use of sunscreen • Fat malabsorption syndrome • Obesity • Inadequate dietary intake • Increased excretion • Genetic susceptibility

Diseases • Rickets/Osteomalacia • caused by lack of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate, which leads to softening and weakening of the bones

Vitamin D vs. Autism • An increased prevalence of autism over the last years corresponds with increasing medical advice to avoid the sun, advice that has probably lowered vitamin D levels and would greatly lower activated vitamin D (calcitriol) levels in developing brains. • Autism is common in areas of impaired UVB penetration such as urban areas, areas with high air pollution, and areas of high precipitation. • Autism is more common in dark-skinned persons with vitamin D deficiency • One study showed children with vitamin D deficient rickets have several autistic markers that apparently disappear with high-dose vitamin D treatment.

Vitamin D vs. Heart Disease • Vitamin D deficiency was evident among individuals with high blood pressure • There was a 62 % higher risk of a cardiovascular event in participants with low levels of vitamin D compared to those with higher levels • Participants with high blood pressure and low vitamin D levels had two times the risk of cardiovascular disease

Toxicity • Toxic level: 40,000 IU/day for 1-4 month old; 50,000 IU/day for adults for several months • Symptoms • Nausea, vomiting, poor appetite, constipation, weakness, weight loss • Increased blood levels of calcium result in mental confusion • Heart rhythm abnormalities

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Across the Channel, at his headquarters, Allied Supreme Commander, General Dwight D. Eisenhower, faced a momentous decision. Everything was now in place for Operation Overlord and the chosen invasion day, Monday, June 5th. But the seas were far too choppy. The American, British and Canadian landing troops might wind up at the bottom of the Channel, or land on the beaches too wobbly from sea sickness if they survived the crossing. On the other hand, if the invasion was postponed by more than a day or two, and the entire force was to stand down, the next workable date would be perhaps mid-July, or even later, due to the immense amount of logistical coordination involved.

General Eisenhower needed a break in the weather. Checking and rechecking the weather maps, his chief meteorologist saw a window of opportunity emerging for Tuesday morning, June 6th, although conditions would still not be ideal. After receiving this update, and upon consulting with his landing troop commanders, Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery and General Omar Bradley, Eisenhower came to his decision. "OK, We'll go," he said.

Two things then happened. In the predawn hours of June 6th, American paratroopers of the 82nd and 101st Airborne Divisions along with the British 6th Division parachuted into Normandy, attacking rear positions of the German 7th Army, while British glider troops seized key bridges. Additionally, BBC radio broadcasts included short declarative sentences which were special coded messages to the French Underground, spurring them to sabotage German communications throughout France.

By dawn of D-Day, the greatest seaborne invasion force ever assembled was slowly approaching the Normandy Coast, taking the German soldiers there by surprise. Four thousand vessels carried the troops while over 2,000 American and British warships furiously bombarded the landing zones, five beaches stretching along a sixty-mile front. The British 2nd Army landed toward the east at beaches code-named Gold, Juno and Sword. The American 1st Army landed toward the west at beaches named Utah and Omaha.

At Omaha Beach, the Americans got the worst of it. A soldier of the 116th Infantry Division recalled: "I got out in water up to the top of my boots. People were yelling, screaming, dying, running on the beach, equipment was flying everywhere, men were bleeding to death, crawling, lying everywhere, firing coming from all directions. We dropped down behind anything that was the size of a golf ball. Colonel Canham, Lieutenant Cooper, and Sergeant Crawford were screaming at us to get off the beach. I turned to say to Gino Ferrari, 'Let's move up, Gino,' but before I could finish the sentence, something spattered all over the side of my face. He'd been hit in the face and his brains splattered all over my face and my stuff. I moved forward and the tide came on so fast it covered him and I no longer could see him."

For German field commanders on the scene, the first minutes of the invasion brought great alarm and great confusion. Frantic phone calls went out to their generals and they in turn phoned the High Command, whose ranking members were presently staying with Hitler at his mountaintop villa at Berchtesgaden, not at their regular headquarters.

The immediate question was whether or not the Normandy landings, and earlier attacks by parachutists, were all part of an elaborate Allied ruse to draw their attention away from Calais. No one could say for sure. The result was indecision by Hitler and the High Command. And this bought precious time for the Allied landing troops now inching themselves forward in the sand.

In marked contrast to the rigid and inflexible command structure Hitler had imposed on his armies, Allied field commanders were authorized by General Eisenhower to make on-the-spot decisions about how to proceed. For the Americans at both Utah and Omaha beaches, this frontline improvisation saved the day. At Utah, troops under the command of General Theodore Roosevelt Jr. quickly realized they had landed on the wrong spot, a sparsely defended stretch of beach with a single road leading inland. Roosevelt decided to press forward anyway, gambling that he could get his troops off the beach and dash inland via the small road before the Germans could reposition themselves for a counter-attack. And it worked.

At Omaha, American troops were pinned down amid withering cross fire from Germans perched along high cliffs located at either end of the beach. Responding to calls for help, U.S. Naval commanders sailed their destroyers dangerously close to the beach and blasted the entrenched Germans at nearly point-blank range even though they risked getting blown out of the water by the big German artillery guns that were still functioning. American soldiers on the beach then climbed the cliffs and dislodged the Germans one-by-one, taking out the machine-gun nests and 88mm guns which had so far killed hundreds of Americans.

At Gold, Juno and Sword beaches, British and Canadian troops under Montgomery met less initial resistance and moved a mile or so inland. Meanwhile, German field commanders on the scene waited in vain for authorization to utilize their reserves and counter-attack.

Field Marshal Rommel, the man who was supposed to command the entire coastal defense, was completely out of touch at the moment, rushing back by car from his home, in a 400-mile journey that would take hours. Flying was out of the question due to the risk posed by Allied fighters which now enjoyed total air supremacy.

As the hours passed and Calais remained completely quiet, German field commanders phoned the High Command for permission to rush all available reinforcements including two nearby Panzer divisions to Normandy. But Hitler said he wanted to wait until the overall situation became clearer. In the meantime, British and Canadian troops continued to advance inland while the Americans broke free of Omaha and moved inland as well.

Late in the afternoon, with Calais still quiet, Hitler finally gave the go-ahead, along with an order stating the entire Normandy beachhead “must be cleaned up by not later than tonight.”

Rommel now arrived at his command post and began digesting a multitude of situation reports. He relayed the Führer's order to 7th Army headquarters to clean up the whole beachhead, only to be told, "That would be impossible."

By nightfall, over 150,000 Americans, British and Canadians had come ashore against all odds, amid 9,000 casualties. Within a week, a half-million men had landed and the five landing beaches were linked together as a unified front. With the beachhead secured, two floating seaports were assembled off shore to import a gigantic arsenal of American-made weaponry including thousands of Sherman tanks that would be used to build armored divisions ready to sweep inland.

For the Germans around Normandy, reinforcements belatedly arriving from Calais and elsewhere were mercilessly blasted by long-range Naval guns and ripped to shreds by American and British fighter and bomber planes.

By late June, American troops under General Bradley had liberated Cherbourg at the tip of the Normandy peninsula, while taking 25,000 German prisoners. This was followed by hard fighting during the Battle of the Hedgerows throughout July in which American tanks pierced the German southward defenses and broke free of the peninsula entirely. Meanwhile, British and Canadians under Montgomery overcame stiff opposition to capture the city of Caen to the east, following an astounding air raid by two thousand Allied bombers. Soon after, the Americans reached Avranches, south of Normandy, then circled eastward to meet up with Montgomery at Falaise, trapping the remnants of the German 7th Army inside a narrow pocket, resulting in 50,000 more prisoners. Soon the roads to Paris and to the east, including Germany itself, would be opened by the Americans and British-Canadians.

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How can I find the audio in a Powerpoint presentation that doesn't have an inserted object or link in any slide? Please see description below.

Good morning

Thank you for reading this request for help.

I received a Powerpoint presentation (1997-2003 version) with an inserted music that plays over all the slides. I tried to find the insertion of the media, but nothing. I found that the music starts with the transition to a specific slide and there are no links. I cleaned all the slide objects including layouts, but the music is still there. Then, I deleted all the other slides and found out that the music only plays if there is one other previous slide. I inserted a new one, with no objects and the music played. If I keep only that specific slide in the presentation, the music doesn't play. I saved the file to the new version (Office 365) and nothing changed.

I work with Powerpoint more than 20 years and this is the first time I have no answers. Can you help me, please?

Thank you for the support.

Best regards

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Replies (6) .

• Microsoft Agent |

Dear Jorge,

Greetings! Thank you for posting in Microsoft Community.

I understand that you've already checked for inserted objects and links in each slide but haven't been able to locate the audio in your PowerPoint presentation. Since the issue persists even after cleaning slide objects and layouts, it's possible that the audio is embedded in the slide transitions.

To investigate the issue, you may try the following steps:

Select the slide where the music starts playing during the transition. Right-click on the slide and choose "Slide Transition" from the context menu.

In the Slide Transition pane, check if there are any sound effects selected or if the "Sound" dropdown menu shows a specific audio file.

If you find any sound effects selected or a specific audio file in the "Sound" dropdown, choose "No Sound" or select a different sound effect option.

Repeat these steps for all the slides in your presentation, especially those where you noticed the music playing during transitions.

Save the presentation and test if the music still persists.

If the above steps don't resolve the issue, it could be a complex problem specific to the file.

We will also keep this thread open. Welcome community members and MVPs who have similar experience to share insights and suggestions here.

Thanks for your time and understanding. I hope that you are keeping safe and well!

Tina | Microsoft Community Moderator

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Hello, Tina

I'm very pleased to meet you.

Thank you so much for the tip. You're right, I found the music in sound effects but I cannot locate the the media file (I think it is embedded) and I need to download or extract it. Can you help me and tell me how to do it?

Again, thank you for your support.

• Volunteer Moderator

Make a copy of your presentation and change the copy's file extension to .ZIP

Doubleclick that and you'll see the various folders and xml files that make up a PPTX file (note: you must save as PPTX, not the older PPT format for this to work).

Open the ppt folder, then inside that, open the media folder.

You should find your sound(s) there. Drag them out to the desktop.

Thank you so much, Steve.

Thank you again, Tina.

All the best

An embedded audio file will display in the Selection Pane ( Home>Select>Selection Pane ), even if it has been hidden or moved off the slide. After you find it, select it in the Selection Pane and press the Delete key to remove it.

Thank you, John, for the tip.

All the best.

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