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An essay on Traffic Problems in a big city

Here is the essay on this topic. This essay is equally best for 9th class, 10th class and 2nd year. BA students can also use this essay.

The traffic problems and solutions in Pakistan are given. This essay can be used by other countries' students too just making some minor changes.

You should see a list of all such English essays written on various topics.

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Traffic Problems in a Big City (Pakistan) Essay

traffic problems in a big city essay with outlines and quotations

Traffic was as much an emotional problem as it was a mechanical one. - Tom Vandirbilt

Reasons for traffic problems in a big city

1. increasing population.

Traffic is only one of the side effects of growth. - Roy Barnes

2. Increase in standards of living

3. unplanned housing schemes and societies.

Stuck in traffic is not an excuse. It's a sign of bad planning. - S.E Philips

4. Reckless drivers

Your few minutes of patience can save hours of traffic jam! - Honeya

Effects on the life of people

Some of us would take our time, if we knew that we are rushing to our deaths. - Mokokoma Mokhonoana

Solutions and suggestions

1. minimize the migration from rural to urban areas, 2. improving public traffic.

If you provide good alternatives for public transport, you won't have traffic problems

3. Imposing the traffic laws in a good sense

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Essay on Traffic Problems in a Big City, Reasons and Solutions

Essay on traffic problems in a big city for matric, fa, fsc, 2nd year, ba and bsc.

Here is an essay on Traffic Problems in a Big City for the students of different classes. Students can write the same essay under the question, Essay on Traffic Problems, an essay on traffic, Traffic Problems in a Big City Essay, Essay on Traffic Jam and also can use the name of any city instead of writing big city if asked in the question.

Traffic Problems in a Big City for Class 10, Class 12 and Graduation

Life in a big city now-a-days has become very difficult and complicated. A big city offers us many social, economic and political problems which make our life very hard and rough. The first problem which we come across in a big city is the uncontrolled growth of population. This has generated the traffic problem. The traffic problem in a big city has gone beyond proportion. The traffic jams in a big city are a daily occurrence.

Traffic jams make the march of life slow and unsteady. Men and women going to their place of work are at once halted. They do not reach their office in time. The children are delayed to reach the school. The patients do not get medical aid in time. They have to stop on the way. Sometimes, the traffic is jammed for hours together. The small babies In the laps of their mother cry for milk, but they do not get it.

The traffic jams also leave a psychological effect on our mind. The passengers delayed due to traffic jams feel frustrated and angry. They blow out their horns out of frustration. The sense of loss continuously hangs heavy on their head. The delayed performance of work or duty may bring to them untold misery or loss.

Traffic jams in the modern age reflect an ugly mark on the beautiful face of the city. They are the negation of progress. In this age of‘science and technology, such jams cannot be favoured by anybody. They are a denial of the cultural growth of a city.

Reasons behind the Traffic Problems in a Big City

Let us find out the reasons for the creation of traffic jams in a big city.

The first reason for the creation of traffic jams is the unchecked growth of population. The population in a big city is increasing very rapidly. People from the villages come to settle in the cities. Our villages do not offer them the facilities and comforts of daily life. They come to the big cities in search of jobs and modern facilities of life. This thing has increased the bulk of traffic on the roads.

Secondly, the roads of the cities are narrow and uneven. They are not in a good position. They cannot withstand the pressure of traffic. As a result of the traffic jams, the flow of traffic is halted.

Thirdly, The traffic is controlled and put under heavy control when a V.l.P or President 0r Prime Minister comes to the city. The road is fully banned for the flow of traffic from where the V.I.P has to pass. Another route is re-directed for traffic. The heavy flow of traffic creates jams.

Fourthly: The slow vehicles marching ahead of the motorcars sometime put up resistance in the smooth flow of traffic.

Measures to control traffic:

We can control the traffic jams by adopting the following measures.
The rapid increase in population should be stopped by taking different steps.
The villages should be urbanized. The migration of the villagers to the cities should be discouraged.
The traffic police must be made alert and vigilant.
The roads should be widened and put in a good shape.
Some roads should not be reserved for the V.I.P’s. They should visit the big cities as an ordinary citizen.

After reading this Essay on Traffic Problems in a Big City, you may also like Life in a Big City Essay .

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July 8, 2018 at 11:19 am

I loved this essay

August 29, 2018 at 11:01 am

Very helpful 😍thank you

Mahnoor khan

September 14, 2018 at 5:14 pm

The essay is quite helpful but there are no quotation and proper outlines .

November 7, 2020 at 2:24 pm

Short Essay on Traffic problem. The traffic problem is considered as an enormous problem in the big city. Traffic is said to be a problem because it gives a lot of afflictions to the citizens. Although when there would be many vehicles there would be also the noise of horns, for instance, someone has a job of 7 to 8 hours a day located beside the main road he would have to bear a lot of noises of vehicles and there is a probability of occurring more than 5 times of traffic in a day. More traffic leads to more noise which leads an individual to bear more noises hence it gives many afflictions to people who are working on a road. The major cause of increasing traffic is the increase in population day by day. Increase in population led people to purchase more vehicles and it is the incredible psyche of people that each member of the family has to be their personal vehicle this psyche of people led the city to the phase of destructions. Increase in population is directly related to increasing in garbage or dust in a city as well, approximately all people want to keep their car neat and clean so after using any product in the car they usually throw the rapper on the roads rather than in dustbins. Major disadvantages of traffic include air pollution. Vehicles are apparently machines while operating machine it definitely gives a smoke to an atmosphere which is not less than poison for individuals which can lead them to sickness. Many of children stuck in traffic while returning back from their school and inhaling the poisonous air which led them to sickness hence their time management for a day can be disturbed. Road accidents are also a major drawback of traffic. Many of people do not want to stuck in traffic so they try to overtake to pass out traffic which led vehicles to crash with each other and many of drivers could not control their vehicles because of the pressure of traffic hence many cars would crash and needs to be repaired every day.

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Cause & Effect Essay: Traffic Problems of a Big City

One of the main reasons why there’s more congestion is due to more cars on the road. The adult population is increasing and therefore more people want their own personal transport to get around with. As the number of cars increase the chance of congestion also increases. It’s why in smaller towns and villages congestion is almost unheard of.

This is coupled with a lack of proper infrastructure. Councils and national governments fail to act on the looming threat of heavy congestion until it happens. The city doesn’t expand along with an increasingly car reliant population. A single street with a lane on each side before might not suffice in ten years after the population has increased. Authorities often fail to convert this into a dual carriageway.

Alternate routes are also a problem. Cities have limited capacity to expand due to poor funding and planning restrictions preventing building on green belt spaces. Cities are forced to work with the routes they already have. If they can’t increase the number of lanes it leads to congestion.

Employers can also play a part in dealing with congestion. Congestion almost always happens when people are travelling to and from work. Traffic congestion has eased in recent years as a result of growing unemployment and the introduction of more flexible work hours.

By adhering to the traditional 9-5 routines, there’s a greater chance of congestion. Everyone has to travel to and from work at the same time each day.

A lack of public transport, or poor public transport options, will also cause problems. If there isn’t enough buses, trams, or local trains people are forced to take their cars to work. The ratio of passengers to vehicles decreases, whereas if they were able to take the bus people would feel less of a need to drive their cars.

In many places, commuters are forced away from public transport by the private companies which run them. Increasing fare prices, especially on the trains, make driving a car with its associated high fuel costs cheaper than public transport. By pushing people back to their cars again they only exasperate the congestion problem.

In conclusion, congestion is mainly caused by a desire for people to drive their cars coupled with a failure by local government to act. If they invested in more affordable public transport options and a better infrastructure the incidence of congestion would decrease in major cities.

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Traffic Congestion Is a Growing Problem in Many of the World's Major Cities - IELTS Essay

Traffic Congestion Is a Growing Problem in Many of the World's Major Cities - IELTS Task 2 Band 9 Sample Essay

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Model Essay 1

Traffic congestion is a perennial challenge plaguing metropolises worldwide, primarily driven by urbanization and inadequate infrastructure. This essay posits that the root causes include an over-reliance on personal vehicles and deficient public transportation systems, suggesting enhanced public transit and urban planning as viable remedies.

Urban sprawl and the escalating dependence on cars are primary culprits behind the relentless traffic congestion besieging major cities. As urban areas stretch farther from city centers without corresponding upgrades in road and public transport infrastructure, the result is invariably longer commutes that place an unsustainable burden on roads designed for a bygone era. The allure of personal vehicles, driven by their convenience for door-to-door travel and their status as symbols of personal achievement, further compounds the issue. In cities like Los Angeles and Bangkok, where the public transport system is either underdeveloped or perceived as inconvenient, the roads become chronically clogged, spotlighting the urgent need for a comprehensive reevaluation of urban mobility strategies.

To mitigate this growing concern, a dual strategy is paramount. First, significant investment in public transportation infrastructure is crucial. This encompasses not just the expansion of subway lines and enhancement of bus services, but also the integration of bike-sharing programs to cover the 'last mile' of urban travel. Such measures can provide appealing, efficient alternatives to personal vehicle use. For instance, Singapore's Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) system stands as a testament to how well-implemented public transport can effectively ease road congestion by offering a viable and efficient alternative to car usage, encouraging a shift in the public's commuting habits. Secondly, there is a pressing need for urban planning to adapt and embrace 'smart city' principles. This means promoting the development of walkable neighborhoods and mixed-use areas where residents can live, work, and access essential services without the need for lengthy commutes. Implementing such planning strategies can significantly diminish the urban populace's reliance on personal vehicles, steering cities towards a more sustainable, congestion-free future.

In conclusion, the escalation of traffic congestion is a multifaceted issue stemming from over-dependence on personal vehicles and insufficient public transportation. Mitigating this problem requires a comprehensive approach that includes bolstering public transit systems and adopting forward-thinking urban planning.

Model Essay 2

Traffic congestion plagues numerous global metropolises, stemming from a combination of urban migration and inadequate public transportation. This essay posits that the crux of the issue lies in the surge of urban populations and the inefficacy of city infrastructure to accommodate this influx. It further proposes enhanced public transportation and urban planning as viable solutions.

The relentless urban migration, a phenomenon observed globally, intensifies as cities, with their allure of superior job opportunities and living standards, draw individuals from less urbanized areas. This influx results in congested urban landscapes, with cities such as Jakarta and Mexico City serving as quintessential examples where daily traffic standstills are a common spectacle. The root of this congestion often lies in the lagging development of both road networks and public transportation facilities, which fail to scale in accordance with rapid population growth. Consequently, this disparity fosters a dependency on personal vehicles among the populace, significantly worsening traffic conditions. Furthermore, the introduction of ride-sharing apps, while providing temporary relief for commuters, inadvertently contributes to the traffic conundrum by increasing the number of cars on the road.

In addition, the infrastructure of many cities shows a marked inability to support the burgeoning demand placed upon it by increasing numbers of vehicles. This shortfall is primarily due to the lack of comprehensive and efficient public transportation options, compelling residents to rely heavily on personal vehicles for their daily commutes. However, a viable strategy to combat this challenge involves significant investments in expanding public transportation networks. Cities like Singapore and Copenhagen have led by example, demonstrating how the integration of efficient bus services, expansive metro systems, and accessible bike-sharing programs can dramatically reduce congestion. These initiatives not only offer a more sustainable mode of transport but also encourage a shift away from car dependency, thereby easing the strain on urban roadways. Enhanced urban planning, including the development of pedestrian-friendly zones and the promotion of telecommuting, could further alleviate congestion, contributing to a more balanced and less car-dependent urban ecosystem.

In conclusion, urban migration and inadequate infrastructure emerge as principal contributors to the traffic congestion dilemma. Addressing this requires a two-pronged strategy: managing urban populations through strategic planning and bolstering public transportation.

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Traffic: Why It’s Getting Worse, What Government Can Do

Subscribe to the brookings metro update, anthony downs anthony downs former brookings expert.

January 1, 2004

17 min read
Introduction

The Real Problem

Coping with the mobility problem, the principle of triple convergence, triple convergence and other proposals, how population growth can swamp transportation capacity, low-density settlements, possible improvements.

Rising traffic congestion is an inescapable condition in large and growing metropolitan areas across the world, from Los Angeles to Tokyo, from Cairo to Sao Paolo. Peak-hour traffic congestion is an inherent result of the way modern societies operate. It stems from the widespread desires of people to pursue certain goals that inevitably overload existing roads and transit systems every day. But everyone hates traffic congestion, and it keeps getting worse, in spite of attempted remedies.

Commuters are often frustrated by policymakers’ inability to do anything about the problem, which poses a significant public policy challenge. Although governments may never be able to eliminate road congestion, there are several ways cities and states can move to curb it.

POLICY BRIEF #128

Traffic congestion is not primarily a problem, but rather the solution to our basic mobility problem, which is that too many people want to move at the same times each day. Why? Because efficient operation of both the economy and school systems requires that people work, go to school, and even run errands during about the same hours so they can interact with each other. That basic requirement cannot be altered without crippling our economy and society. The same problem exists in every major metropolitan area in the world.

In the United States, the vast majority of people seeking to move during rush hours use private automotive vehicles, for two reasons. One is that most Americans reside in low-density areas that public transit cannot efficiently serve. The second is that privately owned vehicles are more comfortable, faster, more private, more convenient in trip timing, and more flexible for doing multiple tasks on one trip than almost any form of public transit. As household incomes rise around the world, more and more people shift from slower, less expensive modes of movement to privately owned cars and trucks.

With 87.9 percent of America’s daily commuters using private vehicles, and millions wanting to move at the same times of day, America’s basic problem is that its road system does not have the capacity to handle peak-hour loads without forcing many people to wait in line for that limited road space. Waiting in line is the definition of congestion, and the same condition is found in all growing major metropolitan regions. In fact, traffic congestion is worse in most other countries because American roads are so much better.

There are four ways any region can try to cope with the mobility challenge. But three of them are politically impractical or physically and financially impossible in the United States.

Charging peak-hour tolls. Governments can charge people money to enter all the lanes on major commuting roads during peak hours. If tolls were set high enough and collected electronically with “smart cards,” the number of vehicles on each major road during peak hours could be reduced enough so that vehicles could move at high speeds. That would allow more people to travel per lane per hour than under current, heavily congested conditions.

Transportation economists have long been proponents of this tactic, but most Americans reject this solution politically for two reasons. Tolls would favor wealthier or subsidized drivers and harm poor ones, so most Americans would resent them, partly because they believe they would be at a disadvantage.

The second drawback is that people think these tolls would be just another tax, forcing them to pay for something they have already paid for through gasoline taxes. For both these reasons, few politicians in our democracy—and so far, anywhere else in the world—advocate this tactic. Limited road-pricing schemes that have been adopted in Singapore, Norway, and London only affect congestion in crowded downtowns, which is not the kind of congestion on major arteries that most Americans experience.

Greatly expanding road capacity. The second approach would be to build enough road capacity to handle all drivers who want to travel in peak hours at the same time without delays. But this “cure” is totally impractical and prohibitively expensive. Governments would have to widen all major commuting roads by demolishing millions of buildings, cutting down trees, and turning most of every metropolitan region into a giant concrete slab. Those roads would then be grossly underutilized during non-peak hours. There are many occasions when adding more road capacity is a good idea, but no large region can afford to build enough to completely eliminate peak-hour congestion.

Greatly expanding public transit capacity. The third approach would be to expand public transit capacity enough to shift so many people from cars to transit that there would be no more excess demand for roads during peak hours. But in the United States in 2000, only 4.7 percent of all commuters traveled by public transit. (Outside of New York City, only 3.5 percent use transit and 89.3 percent use private vehicles.) A major reason is that most transit commuting is concentrated in a few large, densely settled regions with extensive fixed-rail transit systems. The nine U.S. metropolitan areas with the most daily transit commuters, when taken together, account for 61 percent of all U.S. transit commuting, though they contain only 17 percent of the total population. Within those regions, transit commuters are 17 percent of all commuters, but elsewhere, transit carries only 2.4 percent of all commuters, and less than one percent in many low-density regions.

Even if America’s existing transit capacity were tripled and fully utilized, morning peak-hour transit travel would rise to 11.0 percent of all morning trips. But that would reduce all morning private vehicle trips by only 8.0 percent—certainly progress, but hardly enough to end congestion—and tripling public transit capacity would be extremely costly. There are many good reasons to expand the nation’s public transit systems to aid mobility, but doing so will not notably reduce either existing or future peak-hour traffic congestion.

Living with congestion. This is the sole viable option. The only feasible way to accommodate excess demand for roads during peak periods is to have people wait in line. That means traffic congestion, which is an absolutely essential mechanism for American regions—and most other metropolitan regions throughout the world—to cope with excess demands for road space during peak hours each day.

Although congestion can seem intolerable, the alternatives would be even worse. Peak-hour congestion is the balancing mechanism that makes it possible for Americans to pursue other goals they value, including working or sending their children to school at the same time as their peers, living in low-density settlements, and having a wide choice of places to live and work.

The least understood aspect of peak-hour traffic congestion is the principle of triple convergence, which I discussed in the original version of Stuck in Traffic (Brookings/Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, 1992). This phenomenon occurs because traffic flows in any region’s overall transportation networks form almost automatically self-adjusting relationships among different routes, times, and modes. For example, a major commuting expressway might be so heavily congested each morning that traffic crawls for at least thirty minutes. If that expressway’s capacity were doubled overnight, the next day’s traffic would flow rapidly because the same number of drivers would have twice as much road space. But soon word would spread that this particular highway was no longer congested. Drivers who had once used that road before and after the peak hour to avoid congestion would shift back into the peak period. Other drivers who had been using alternative routes would shift onto this more convenient expressway. Even some commuters who had been using the subway or trains would start driving on this road during peak periods. Within a short time, this triple convergence onto the expanded road during peak hours would make the road as congested as it was before its expansion.

Experience shows that if a road is part of a larger transportation network within a region, peak-hour congestion cannot be eliminated for long on a congested road by expanding that road’s capacity.

The triple convergence principle does not mean that expanding a congested road’s capacity has no benefits. After expansion, the road can carry more vehicles per hour than before, no matter how congested it is, so more people can travel on it during those more desirable periods. Also, the periods of maximum congestion may be shorter, and congestion on alternative routes may be lower. Those are all benefits, but that road will still experience some period of maximum congestion daily.

Triple convergence affects the practicality of other suggested remedies to traffic congestion. An example is staggered work hours. In theory, if a certain number of workers are able to commute during less crowded parts of the day, that will free up space on formerly congested roads. But once traffic moves faster on those roads during peak hours, that will attract other drivers from other routes, other times, and other modes where conditions have not changed to shift onto the improved roads. Soon the removal of the staggered-working-hour drivers will be fully offset by convergence.

The same thing will happen if more workers become telecommuters and work at home, or if public transit capacity is expanded on off-road routes that parallel a congested expressway. This is why building light rail systems or even new subways rarely reduces peak-hour traffic congestion. In Portland, where the light rail system doubled in size in the 1990s, and in Dallas, where a new light rail system opened, congestion did not decline for long after these systems were up and running. Only road pricing or higher gasoline taxes are exempt from the principle of triple convergence.

A ground transportation system’s equilibria can also be affected by big changes in the region’s population or economic activity. If a region’s population is growing rapidly, as in Southern California or Florida, any expansions of major expressway capacity may soon be swamped by more vehicles generated by the added population. This result is strengthened because America’s vehicle population has been increasing even faster than its human population. From 1980 to 2000, 1.2 more automotive vehicles were added to the vehicle population of the United States for every 1.0 person added to the human population (though this ratio declined to 1 to 1 in the 1990s). The nation’s human population is expected to grow by around 60 million by 2020—possibly adding another 60 million vehicles to our national stock. That is why prospects for reducing peak-hour traffic congestion in the future are dim indeed.

Shifts in economic activity also affect regional congestion. During the internet and telecommunications boom of the late 1990s, congestion in the San Francisco Bay Area intensified immensely. After the economic “bubble” burst in 2000, congestion fell markedly without any major change in population. Thus, severe congestion can be a sign of strong regional prosperity, just as reduced congestion can signal an economic downturn.

The most obvious reason traffic congestion has increased everywhere is population growth. In a wealthy nation, more people means more vehicles. But total vehicle mileage traveled has grown much faster than population. From 1980 to 2000, the total population of the United States rose 24 percent, but total vehicle miles traveled grew 80 percent because of more intensive use of each vehicle. The number of vehicles per 1,000 persons rose 14 percent and the number of miles driven per vehicle rose 24 percent. Even without any population gain in those two decades, miles driven would have risen 47 percent.

One reason people drove their vehicles farther is that a combination of declining real gas prices (corrected for inflation) and more miles per gallon caused the real cost of each mile driven to fall 54 percent from 1980 to 2000. That helped raise the fraction of U.S. households owning cars from 86 percent in 1983 to 92 percent in 1995.

Furthermore, American road building lagged far behind increases in vehicle travel. Urban lane-miles rose by 37 percent versus an 80 percent increase in miles traveled. As a result, the amount of daily traffic that was congested in the 75 areas analyzed in studies by the Texas Transportation Institute went from 16 percent in 1982 to 34 percent in 2001.

Another factor in road congestion is accidents and incidents, which some experts believe cause half of all traffic congestion. From 1980 to 2000, the absolute number of accidents each year has remained amazingly constant, and the annual number of traffic deaths in the United States fell 18 percent, in spite of the great rise in vehicle miles traveled. So accidents could only have caused more congestion because roads were more crowded, and each accident may now cause longer back-ups than before.

Incidents are non-accident causes of delay, such as stalled cars, road repairs, overturned vehicles, and bad weather. No one knows how many incidents occur, but it is a much greater number than accidents. And the number of incidents probably rises along with total driving. So that could have added to greater congestion, and will in the future.

Another crucial factor contributing to traffic congestion is the desire of most Americans to live in low-density settlements. In 1999, the National Association of Homebuilders asked 2,000 randomly-selected households whether they would rather buy a $150,000 townhouse in an urban setting that was close to public transportation, work, and shopping or a larger, detached single-family home in an outlying suburban area, where distances to work, public transportation, and shopping were longer. Eighty-three percent of respondents chose the larger, farther-out suburban home. At the same time, new workplaces have been spreading out in low-density areas in most metropolitan regions.

Past studies, including one published in 1977 by Boris S. Pushkarev and Jeffery M. Zupan, have shown that public transit works best where gross residential densities are above 4,200 persons per square mile; relatively dense housing is clustered close to transit stations or stops; and large numbers of jobs are concentrated in relatively compact business districts.

But in 2000, at least two thirds of all residents of U.S. urbanized areas lived in settlements with densities of under 4,000 persons per square mile. Those densities are too low for public transit to be effective. Hence their residents are compelled to rely on private vehicles for almost all of their travel, including trips during peak hours.

Recognizing this situation, many opponents of “sprawl” call for strong urban growth boundaries to constrain future growth into more compact, higher-density patterns, including greater reinvestment and increased densities in existing neighborhoods. But most residents of those neighborhoods vehemently oppose raising densities, and most American regions already have densities far too low to support much public transit. So this strategy would not reduce future traffic congestion much.

While it’s practically impossible to eliminate congestion, there are several ways to slow its future rate of increase:

Create High Occupancy Toll (HOT) lanes. Peak-hour road pricing would not be politically feasible if policymakers put tolls on all major commuter lanes, but HOT lanes can increase traveler choices by adding new toll lanes to existing expressways, or converting underused high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes to HOT lanes, and leaving present conventional lanes without tolls. True, HOT lanes do not eliminate congestion. But they allow anyone who needs to move fast on any given day to do so, without forcing all low-income drivers off those same roads during peak periods. In some regions, whole networks of HOT lanes could both add to overall capacity and make high-speed choices always available to thousands of people in a hurry.

Respond more rapidly to traffic-blocking accidents and incidents. Removing accidents and incidents from major roads faster by using roving service vehicles run by government-run Traffic Management Centers equipped with television and electronic surveillance of road conditions is an excellent tactic for reducing congestion delays.

Build more roads in growing areas. Opponents of building more roads claim that we cannot build our way out of congestion because more highway capacity will simply attract more travelers. Due to triple convergence, that criticism is true for established roads that are already overcrowded. But the large projected growth of the U.S. population surely means that we will need a lot more road and lane mileage in peripheral areas.

Install ramp-metering. This means letting vehicles enter expressways only gradually. It has improved freeway speed during peak hours in both Seattle and the Twin Cities, and could be much more widely used.

Use Intelligent Transportation System devices to speed traffic flows. These devices include electronic coordination of signal lights on local streets, large variable signs informing drivers of traffic conditions ahead, one-way street patterns, Global Positioning System equipment in cars and trucks, and radio broadcasts of current road conditions. These technologies exist now and can be effective on local streets and arteries and informative on expressways.

Create more HOV (High Occupancy Vehicle) lanes. HOV lanes have proven successful in many areas such as Houston. More regions could use HOV lanes effectively if there were more lanes built for that purpose, rather than trying to convert existing ones. Merely converting existing lanes would reduce overall road capacity.

Adopt “parking cash-out” programs. Demonstration programs have shown that if firms offer to pay persons now receiving free employee parking a stipend for shifting to carpooling or transit, significant percentages will do so. That could reduce the number of cars on the road. However, this tactic does not prevent the offsetting consequences of triple convergence.

Restrict very low-density peripheral development. Urban growth boundaries that severely constrain all far-out suburban development will not reduce future congestion much, especially in fast-growing regions. And such boundaries may drive up peripheral housing prices. But requiring at least moderate residential densities—say, 3,500 persons per square mile (4.38 units per net acre)—in new growth areas could greatly reduce peripheral driving, compared to permitting very low densities there, which tend to push growth out ever farther. In 2000, thirty-six urbanized areas had fringe area densities of 3,500 or more. Those thirty-six urbanized areas contained 18.2 percent of all persons living in all 476 U.S. urbanized areas.

Cluster high-density housing around transit stops. Such Transit Oriented Developments (TODs) would permit more residents to commute by walking to transit, thereby decreasing the number of private vehicles on the roads. However, the potential of this tactic is limited. In order to shift a significant percentage of auto commuters to transit, the number of such “transit circles” within each region would have to be very large, the density within each circle would have to be much greater than the average central city density in America’s fifty largest urbanized areas, and the percentage of workers living in the TODs who commuted by transit would have to greatly exceed the 10.5 percent average for central cities in 2000. Even so, developing many of these high-density clusters might make public transit service more feasible to many more parts of large regions.

Give regional transportation authorities more power and resources. Congress has created Metropolitan Planning Organizations to coordinate ground transportation planning over all modes in each region. If these were given more technical assistance and power, more rational systems could be created. Without much more regionally focused planning over land uses as well as transportation, few anti-congestion tactics will work effectively.

Raise gasoline taxes. Raising gas taxes would notably slow the rate of increase of all automotive travel, not just peak-hour commuting. But Congress has refused to consider it because it is politically unpopular and fought by industry lobbyists. Despite Americans’ vocal complaints about congestion, they do not want to pay much to combat it.

Peak-hour traffic congestion in almost all large and growing metropolitan regions around the world is here to stay. In fact, it is almost certain to get worse during at least the next few decades, mainly because of rising populations and wealth. This will be true no matter what public and private policies are adopted to combat congestion.

But this outcome should not be regarded as a mark of social failure or misguided policies. In fact, traffic congestion often results from economic prosperity and other types of success.

Although traffic congestion is inevitable, there are ways to slow the rate at which it intensifies. Several tactics could do that effectively, especially if used in concert, but nothing can eliminate peak-hour traffic congestion from large metropolitan regions here and around the world. Only serious economic recessions—which are hardly desirable—can even forestall an increase.

For the time being, the only relief for traffic-plagued commuters is a comfortable, air-conditioned vehicle with a well-equipped stereo system, a hands-free telephone, and a daily commute with someone they like.

Congestion has become part of commuters’ daily leisure time, and it promises to stay that way.

BA English Essay: Traffic Problems in a Big City

Traffic problems in a big city

Urban centers are bloodline for a country’s economy. These centers generate great amounts of revenue through business activity and industrial estates. The facilitated lifestyle in big cities attracts more and more number of village dwellers to migrate to the cities. The rapid expansion of urban cities in Pakistan has generated many problems for its residents.

One of the biggest problems of metropolitan is the traffic blocks they witness every day. The irregular expansion has caused a disrupted road networks in the cities. And at the same time the easy access to cars through bank loans and lack of public transportation has increased the number of vehicles on roads. Both of the above mentioned causes create a chaos on the main roads of city. With that arises the next challenge of implementing traffic rules. The traffic sergeants are at every signal but the people disregard their signs either deliberately or unknowingly. A lot of people driving on the roads are unaware of these rules.

For example in a big city like Lahore, traffic blockades are very common and may consume more than 1 hour of a traveler on an average day. The city was expanded irregularly on one side and the absence of facilities in the newly found towns draws its residents to drive to other parts of city to shop for their necessities. Lack of proper public transports pushes everyone to keep his own vehicle. And with the ongoing construction projects and absence of proper alternative routes, the traffic jams have added to the woes of people. The recent Metro Bus system has solved the problem and relieved the drivers from anxiety.

To conclude I would like to say that in future all the big cities should be planned, keeping in mind the next 60 years expansion. The road networks must be built at the very beginning to ensure a proper access. New projects for public transport will also decrease the number of cars. Above all the traffic rules must be strictly implemented and followed. There must also be the media campaigns which highlight the hazards of fast and drunk driving. With these solutions we can improve the situation of traffic in a big city.

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Tag: BA English Essay: Traffic Problems in a Big City

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Cause & Effect Essay: Traffic Problems of a Big City

Cities like New York, London, and Paris have all had to deal with thousands of cars running through their streets each day. Traffic congestion is a big problem for everyone within the city. The main reasons why traffic congestion occurs are more cars, poor road management, and poor practices on behalf of employers.One of the main reasons why there’s more congestion is due to more cars on the road. The adult population is increasing and therefore more people want their own personal transport to get around with.

As the number of cars increase the chance of congestion also increases. It’s why in smaller towns and villages congestion is almost unheard of.This is coupled with a lack of proper infrastructure. Councils and national governments fail to act on the looming threat of heavy congestion until it happens. The city doesn’t expand along with an increasingly car reliant population. A single street with a lane on each side before might not suffice in ten years after the population has increased.

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Authorities often fail to convert this into a dual carriageway.Alternate routes are also a problem. Cities have limited capacity to expand due to poor funding and planning restrictions preventing building on green belt spaces. Cities are forced to work with the routes they already have. If they can’t increase the number of lanes it leads to congestion.Employers can also play a part in dealing with congestion.

Congestion almost always happens when people are travelling to and from work. Traffic congestion has eased in recent years as a result of growing unemployment and the introduction of more flexible work hours.By adhering to the traditional 9-5 routines, there’s a greater chance of congestion. Everyone has to travel to and from work at the same time each day.A lack of public transport, or poor public transport options, will also cause problems.

If there isn’t enough buses, trams, or local trains people are forced to take their cars to work. The ratio of passengers to vehicles decreases, whereas if they were able to take the bus people would feel less of a need to drive their cars.In many places, commuters are forced away from public transport by the private companies which run them. Increasing fare prices, especially on the trains, make driving a car with its associated high fuel costs cheaper than public transport. By pushing people back to their cars again they only exasperate the congestion problem.In conclusion, congestion is mainly caused by a desire for people to drive their cars coupled with a failure by local government to act.

If they invested in more affordable public transport options and a better infrastructure the incidence of congestion would decrease in major cities.

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IELTS Writing Task 2 Topic: In some cities and towns all over the world the high volume of traffic is a problem

Updated On Mar 05, 2024

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IELTS Writing Task 2 Topic: In some cities and towns all over the world the high volume of traffic is a problem

Effective IELTS Essay Connectors for Writing Task 2 & Task 1

The Essay Writing section of the IELTS Writing Module can be a difficult task for many IELTS Aspirants. Thus, it is vital that you polish your essay writing skills before attempting the IELTS.

Below is a sample IELTS Essay for the IELTS Essay topic:

In some cities and towns all over the world the high volume of traffic is a problem. What are the causes of this and what actions can be taken to solve this problem? OR

Traffic on roads has become a problem in nearly every country in the world. What can be done to reduce the amount of traffic at a society level and at an individual level?

Sample Essay

It is undoubtedly the case that urban areas around the world increasingly suffer from congestion. In this essay, I examine the reasons for this trend and suggest some practical policies the authorities could implement to reduce the level of traffic in our cities.

The first step is to understand why traffic has increased in towns and cities. Broadly speaking, there are three main reasons for this. One is that cars have become more affordable for the average consumer, and they are no longer a luxury item, but something that most families expect to own. A second reason is that public transport has become increasingly unreliable in recent years, not least because many bus and train services have been reduced because of the difficulty in funding them. The third reason is that society has, in general, become more mobile and this means more people are prepared to commute to work by car than they were before.

There is almost certainly no one solution to this problem, given the complexity of its causes. However, one option has to be to improve the reliability of public transport to encourage people to take the bus or the train rather than get in the car. It would also be possible to discourage people from driving to work by introducing special tariffs for using the roads, especially during peak periods. A successful example of this is the congestion charge scheme in London, which has certainly reduced the level of traffic in inner-city areas.

In conclusion, there are a variety of different factors that have led to rising levels of traffic in urban areas. While it may not be possible to find a complete solution, any action should probably involve encouraging greater use of public transport and making it more expensive for the motorist to drive in urban areas.

Bonus question:

Nowadays congestion and traffic jams are a common and major problem in most cities. Some people believe it is a good idea to construct wider roads to resolve this issue. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? What can be the solution, in your opinion?

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In some cities and towns all over the world the high volume of traffic is a problem. What are the causes of this and what actions can be taken to solve this problem?

The proliferation of the cars number on the roads in some urban and sub-urban areas is a quintessential problem nowadays. The reasons need to be surfaced out in this essay and suggested remedies to tackle the problem.

First, the under-par public transport amenity in most areas is the major cause of rising number of cars. Preferably, most local governments are concentrating in developing first-rate public transport facilities in selected metropolitan cities. Meanwhile, the arrival time of public transport in other places is generally impunctual which reduces the reliability of the taxpayers to take public transport as this condition affects their commuting time severely, and they might be late to work. Also, the frequency of buses and rails at the peak hour is not fulfilling the needs of growing urban population. Many people feel uncomfortable to squeeze into the trains or buses to head towards their end point. Besides, the affordability of a citizen to own a car is relatively high compared to previous era as their earning power is increasing. Due to rising income level among public, the marginal propensity for car spending is low dramatically and they opt to buy cars for their own transport purpose. This causes the traffic congestion as number of cars are expanding dramatically especially in the cities.

Therefore, in order to alleviate the congestion of traffic problem, car-pooling should be encouraged among public citizens. For example, a few people are heading to same destination, in regard with this, they can choose to share a ride to save petrol cost and reduce number of cars needed. Furthermore, they can preserve environmental sustainability as less fuel is needed to head towards the destination in the view of more emission of exhaust gases result from excessive car usage. Apart from that, government and private sector should promote car-sharing activity among the community. For instance, the ride-hailing companies have offered ride-sharing services to cater for the public needs. The passengers can get into the identical car to reach the same destination as the ride fare can be reduced by having passengers shared the cost equally. Then, government can force the taxpayers to pay extra taxes if one family owns large number of cars by exceeding the limit. This imposes contrived burden on the citizens who own a lot of cars as they will consider twice before buying new cars. This will potentially lessen the number of cars available on the road in ensuring a smooth road transport.

As whole, it is killing two birds with a stone if people manage to control their impulse in buying cars through the collaborative efforts from the relevant authorities and public administrators. It relieves traffic congestion problem while does not pose further environmental hazard. Thus, public transport use should be incentivised to great extent by increasing its affordability and quality. Otherwise, the traffic congestion problem will be back to the square whereby people use more private cars as their primary transport tool.

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Essay 296 – Traffic congestion is a growing problem in many major cities

Gt writing task 2 / essay sample # 296.

You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.

Write about the following topic:

Traffic congestion is a growing problem in many of the world’s major cities.

Explain some possible reasons for this problem, and suggest some solutions.

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Write at least 250 words.

Model Answer:

The growing traffic jam brings many metropolitan areas around the world to a standstill during peak hours each day. This essay will first explain how the intensive use of automobiles and inadequate public transport are the root causes of this issue, followed by a discussion of how improved public transport systems and better road designs are the most viable solutions.

One compelling reason for traffic congestion in major cities is the widespread use of automobiles. In simple words, traffic congestion is primarily due to the huge number of vehicles, whose ownership has spread massively because of economic development. Many studies support this notion since during peak hours each occupant of a private car brings about 10 times as much congestion as a passenger on a bus. The condition is further aggravated by issues of road design and poor maintenance in the urban areas, a manner of driving that treats other road users with little respect, erroneous information on traffic jams, and inefficient management by the responsible authorities.

The most effective remedy to this problem is to alleviate the condition through steps affecting the supply of public transport such as the quality and availability of the transport infrastructure, vehicles, and their management. This is because it increases the capacity for commuting. Besides, there are several faults in the present city road systems which require to be put right: it is essential to better the design of intersections, mark streets properly as well as equip them with appropriate signs, and correct the operating rotations of traffic lights, for instance.

To conclude, many cities across the globe are struggling with the increasing problem of traffic congestion due to the growing number of private cars combined with faulty road designs and maintenance. However, if governments ensure quality public transports and develop current road systems, the problem can be ameliorated.

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Traffic Problems Essay

IELTS Traffic Problems Essay

This is a traffic problems essay and the specific topic is the taxing of car drivers in order to reduce these problems.

You are asked to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of introducing such a policy to tackle the issue.

This question is very clear, and it does not specifically ask you for an opinion. You just need to look at both sides of the issue.

The logical way to answer it would be to discuss each side in a different paragraph.

Sample IELTS Writing

You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.

Write about the following topic:

In order to solve traffic problems, governments should tax private car owners heavily and use the money to improve public transportation.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of such a solution?

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own experience or knowledge.

Write at least 250 words.

Traffic Problems Essay - Model Answer

Traffic congestion in many cities around the world is severe. One possible solution to this problem is to impose heavy taxes on car drivers and use this money to make public transport better. This essay will discuss the benefits and drawbacks of such a measure.

One of the first benefits of such a measure is that the heavy taxes would discourage car owners from using their cars because it would become very expensive to drive. This would mean that they would begin to make use of public transport instead, thus reducing traffic problems and pollution as well. Another benefit would be that much more use would be made of public transport if it was improved. It is often the case that public transport in cities is very poor. For example, we often see old buses and trains that people would rather not use. High taxes would generate enough money to make the necessary changes.

Nevertheless, there are drawbacks to such a solution. First and foremost, this would be a heavy burden on the car drivers. At present, taxes are already high for a lot of people, and so further taxes would only mean less money at the end of the month for most people who may have no choice but to drive every day. In addition, this type of tax would likely be set at a fixed amount. This would mean that it would hit those with less money harder, whilst the rich could likely afford it. It is therefore not a fair tax.

To conclude, this solution is worth considering to improve the current situation, but there are advantages and disadvantages of introducing such a policy.

(277 words)

The topic is clearly stated in the general statement of the introduction, and the thesis tells the reader that advantages and disadvantages will be discussed.

The traffic problems essay is organised well, with the advantages of such a solution in the first body paragraph and the disadvantages in the next.

Each paragraph has two ideas and they are well signaled and supported.

There are some good uses of tenses to show the writer is discussing the unreal future i.e. something that has not happened ( would discourage car owners..., would be a heavy burden..., ).

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Ielts writing task 2 sample 892 - nowadays traffic is a serious problem in big cities, ielts writing task 2/ ielts essay:, nowadays, traffic is a serious problem in big cities. why this is so and what effects does it bring.

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Essay on Traffic Problem in Big City with Reasons and Solutions

November 21, 2023

Kainat Shakeel

Urbanization, a hallmark of progress, has also bestowed upon us a riddle the patient and growing traffic problem congestion in big metropolises. The formerly smooth highways of urban landscapes now palpitate with deadlock, causing frustration, wasting time, and posing a multitude of challenges. This essay delves into the intricate web of causes behind business problems in big metropolises and proposes comprehensive results to untangle the knots of traffic.

Causes of Traffic Problems:

Population explosion:, inadequate infrastructure:, overreliance on personal vehicles:, poor urban planning:, lack of last-mile connectivity:, solutions to alleviate traffic straits:, investment in public transportation:, smart structure development:, pedestrianization and cycling enterprise:, technological solutions for traffic management:, promotion of carpooling and ride-participating:, revamping parking policies:, flexible work arrangements:, community involvement and mindfulness:, conclusion:.

In conclusion, the complexity of traffic problems in big metropolises necessitates a comprehensive and cooperative approach. By addressing the root causes, similar to population growth and inadequate structure, and enforcing innovative solutions, we can pave the way for a future where metropolitan mobility is effective, sustainable, and conducive to a high quality of life. The responsibility lies not only with civic itineraries and policymakers but with every citizen who contributes to and is affected by the intricate shade of city life.

Kainat Shakeel is a versatile Content Writer Head and Digital Marketer with a keen understanding of tech news, digital market trends, fashion, technology, laws, and regulations. As a storyteller in the digital realm, she weaves narratives that bridge the gap between technology and human experiences. With a passion for staying at the forefront of industry trends, her blog is a curated space where the worlds of fashion, tech, and legal landscapes converge.

5 big challenges facing big cities of the future

Buildings in construction are seen among mist during a hazy day in Rizhao, Shandong province, China, October 18, 2015. REUTERS/Stringer CHINA OUT. NO COMMERCIAL OR EDITORIAL SALES IN CHINA TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY - GF10000249104

Reaching new heights: 68% of people will live in cities by 2050 Image: REUTERS

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The UN estimates that 55% of the global population lives in urban areas – a figure that is projected to rise to 68% by 2050. With few exceptions, cities are expected to become bigger and more numerous.

As urbanization speeds up, particularly in Asian and African countries, here are five of the biggest challenges confronting the future of cities:

Rapid urbanization, which strains basic infrastructure, coupled with more frequent and extreme weather events linked to global climate change is exacerbating the impact of environmental threats. Common environmental threats include flooding, tropical cyclones (to which coastal cities are particularly vulnerable), heat waves and epidemics.

Owing to the physical and population density of cities, such threats often result in both devastating financial loss and deaths. Making cities more resilient against these environmental threats is one of the biggest challenges faced by city authorities and requires urgent attention.

Cities need resources such as water, food and energy to be viable. Urban sprawl reduces available water catchment areas, agricultural lands and increases demand for energy. While better application of technology can boost agricultural productivity and ensure more efficient transmission of electricity, many cities will continue to struggle to provide these resources to an ever-growing urban population.

Beyond these basic requirements, haphazard growth will see the reduction of green spaces within cities, negatively affecting liveability. As fresh water becomes scarce and fertile lands diminish, food prices may escalate, hitting the poorest hardest.

When it comes to both the provision of basic resources and resilience against environmental threats, the forecast is uneven for different groups of urban inhabitants. As the number of urban super-rich grows, many cities will also see increased numbers of urban poor.

The widening gap between the haves and have-nots will be accentuated in the megacities of the future. Such inequalities, when left unchecked, will destabilize society and upend any benefits of urban development. There is a critical need for policy-makers to ensure that the fruits of progress are shared equitably.

Technology will be increasingly used in the development and running of cities of the future. Smart planning used in Singapore can harness solar energy for use in housing estates and create man-made wetlands for ecological balance. Smart mobility technology can alleviate traffic gridlocks which plague many cities.

The use of environmental technologies which can cool buildings more efficiently or run vehicles that are less polluting will also lead to better future cities. Installing sensors in the homes of ageing seniors living alone can connect them to the community and summon help when they are unwell or hurt.

Have you read?

These 10 asian cities are the most prepared for the future, what global cities can learn from melbourne, this is what a smart city should do for its people.

However, technology can exclude urban inhabitants who cannot afford it or lack the capability required for its adoption. As future cities become more digitized, care must be exercised to prevent the emergence of a new form of social divide rooted in the technological.

Future cities offer immense possibilities to enrich the lives of their inhabitants even as the challenges are stark. To make the best out of inevitable urbanization, good governance is imperative. Cities will increase in size and their populations become more diverse. Governing these cities will, therefore, be progressively complex and require the most dedicated of minds.

Increasingly, cities around the world are learning about the best governance and planning practices from one another, even as they remain accountable to their respective national governments. The broad goals of urban governance should address issues of equity, liveability and sustainability in cities of the future.

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World Economic Forum articles may be republished in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Public License, and in accordance with our Terms of Use.

The views expressed in this article are those of the author alone and not the World Economic Forum.

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Essay on Traffic Jam for Students and Children

500+ words essay on traffic jam.

Traffic jam is the situation when vehicles are stopped completely for some time period on the roads. Also, vehicles have to wait for a long time to move out of the jam. Sometimes it becomes like congestion in traffic. This happens in transport network due to the increasing vehicles and overuse of roads. Often it is due to slow speed, longer trip time and increased queues of vehicles. Therefore, traffic jam is becoming a major issue mostly in all cities.

Problems arising due to Traffic Jam

Traffic Jam has a tremendous impact on the life of people. It is one of the most serious problems in big cities that people have to deal in daily life. Since most of the people have to deal with it on a daily basis they may get psychologically affected. It also negatively affects work, education and personal life of people and finally to the progress of the country.

Let us discuss some major problems that arise due to high traffic:

Traffic is one of the major problems in cities and has made the lives of people really difficult. Obviously, it results in non-productive activity.
People experience delays for their important work. This may even result in personal as well as professional losses.
It is also the main cause of wastage of fuels and air pollution.
It increases stress and frustration among motorists and passengers.
Unsafe driving is the main impact of traffic jam which may lead to road mishaps and hence injuries.
Traffic jams can also have a negative impact on the mind of a person. The traffic congestion and constant blowing of horns create excessive noise pollution.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

Disadvantages of Traffic Jam:

Let us have a look at some chief disadvantages of traffic jams in detail below:

Unproductive time is the major disadvantage of traffic jam.
The other negative effect of much traffic is the emission of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere leading to the issue of global warming .
Businesses nowadays provide home delivery services. Such time bond businesses are strongly affected by the traffic jam.
The frequent breaking and accelerating the vehicles in traffic jams burns more fuel. Hence it is the additional loss.
Road rage is the absurd reaction of commuters that is very common during traffic jams. People often use bad language and drive aggressively that can lead to accidents.
Emergency vehicles like fire brigade and ambulance get stuck up in traffic jams that cause a delay in reaching the location.

Suggestions:

Some suggestions to solve the traffic jam problem are as follows:

People should use public transport as much as possible.
The government must increase the facilities of public transport as per the need of the population.
Everyone should avoid the unnecessary collection of vehicles.
People should use carpool and vehicle sharing to decrease the vehicles on the road.
Conditions of the road in India is not good. Authorities must improve this situation.
Vehicle registration and motor driving license policy must be strictly implemented.
People must be aware of traffic rules and also be motivated to follow strictly.
Mixed traffic on the roads is also a big reason for it. So, it must be banned.

Conclusion:

Thus, traffic jam is a serious issue in every big city that causes several problems for common people. It consumes so much of time and energy unnecessarily and hence the loss of the nation. Therefore, serious measures have to be taken by the authorities to control traffic and promote the use of public transport. Development of public transport network at economical rates is essential. Implementation of traffic safety rules by traffic police is a must. People should drive more sensibly and responsibly. Hence we all can work in this way to solve the big threat of the current time.

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Traffic problems in big cities Essay Example

Pages: 2 (316 words)
Published: August 13, 2016
Type: Essay

In last few years the population of the world is increasing day by day and people are facing traffic problems in big cities. Unfortunately we have little road sense and perhaps, no respect for the traffic rules. This fact has also added to road miss-haps. Therefore, this is the duty of every citizen to think over the causes of traffic accidents and help the administration in solving the problem.

No doubt, bad roads are the main cause of traffic accidents, almost all the big roads of our cities were built when the traffic was very light. But after the creation the population of these cities increased with a great speed. As our roads are very narrow for traffic which is almost double their capacity, accidents have become very common. Thus, the miserable condition of roads is the main cau

se of road accidents.

Another cause of traffic accident is rush driving of trucks and other heavy vehicles, sometimes technical defeats in the machinery also cause accidents, and many lives are lost. All these causes of road accidents may be checked by good administration and careful planning. If we want to solve the problem of traffic accidents in our cities, we should see that our roads are widened and re-surfaced as soon as possible. A regular campaign should be taught with the help of radio, cinema, newspaper and television.

Our traffic police should also keep regular check on the speed of motor vehicles, and the licensing department should be a bit stricter while issuing driving licenses. This is also important that the owners of all sorts of motor vehicles should be compelle

to get their engines checked at least once a year; Defaulters should be severely dealt with. Some people believe that the present punishment for road accidents is not so severe as it should also be reviewed and amended. This step would make the drivers more careful.

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A Highway Split Their Community. Efforts to Fix That Face Opposition.

The Biden administration is spending billions to reconnect communities of color that have been fragmented by highways. Some projects have stirred debates over how to mend longstanding harms.

A view down a sidewalk and a barrier separating a local street on the left and a highway on the right. Both roads are lined with houses on one side.

By Madeleine Ngo

Reporting from Buffalo

Around 6:30 every morning, David Richardson is usually awakened by the swelling sound of traffic. Steps from his front yard, thousands of cars rumble past each day as they travel along the Kensington Expressway, an expansive six-lane highway that slices through his neighborhood on Buffalo’s East Side.

The expressway, built in the 1950s and ’60s to move cars faster between downtown Buffalo and its suburbs, has long depressed property values and stifled economic development in this low-income and predominantly Black community. It has also posed a physical barrier, making it harder for residents to reach grocery stores and parks.

New York State is now trying to revitalize the neighborhood with support from a new Biden administration program meant to stitch together primarily disadvantaged communities that have long been splintered by transportation projects. The state plans to reconnect the neighborhood by essentially converting a portion of the highway into a tunnel with green space on top that would link both sides. State officials say the $1 billion project, backed by a $55.6 million federal grant , will enhance pedestrian access and stimulate economic growth.

The effort has spurred intense backlash among some residents, who believe it will do little to address air pollution or increase access to economic opportunities. They include Mr. Richardson, 69, a retired electrician who moved to the neighborhood nearly a decade ago. He said that he did not think covering a section of the highway would do much to improve the area’s air quality and that he would rather see the highway completely torn out.

“If they’re going to restore the community, they should do it right,” Mr. Richardson said.

In the 1950s and ’60s, highways often rammed through Black neighborhoods, destroying cultural and economic centers and bringing decades of environmental harm. Research has found that people living near major roads and highways are exposed to higher levels of traffic-related air pollution, which has been associated with lung and heart problems , low birth weight and premature death.

The Biden administration has vowed to reverse longstanding racial disparities through the new program. But in some cities, projects meant to restore neighborhoods have ignited divisive debates over how to best rectify the harms left by highways. In Buffalo, the state’s project, which would essentially create a tunnel to encase a three-quarter-mile stretch of the highway, has prompted concerns that pollution could worsen near the ends of the tunnel.

“NO TOXIC TUNNEL” signs are scattered throughout front lawns on the East Side, and some residents have organized protests against the project . Yet others who live in the area view the project as an overdue improvement to the neighborhood and the best solution.

Sydney Brown, the board chair of the Restore Our Community Coalition, which has long pushed for building a so-called highway cap, said she was confident it would improve the neighborhood’s walkability, bring additional small businesses to the area and increase property values, which would help families build generational wealth.

During a visit to Buffalo last year , Pete Buttigieg, the transportation secretary, said the project would help “reconnect this community to places that people count on every day” and “reduce pollution from the highway, so that fewer children in this area have the health effects of breathing that air.”

Still, some have questioned the effectiveness of the roughly $4 billion federal initiative, noting that many of the grants are funding projects that leave highways in place. In March, the Transportation Department announced $3.3 billion in grants for 132 construction and planning projects across the country. Many would include the addition of freeway caps, pedestrian bridges and underpasses.

“The majority of these projects are leaving in place the root cause of disinvestment, pollution and dangerous driving — the highway,” said Ben Crowther, the policy director for America Walks , a transportation advocacy group. “They’re certainly better than the infrastructure as it currently exists, but still it’s really an uphill battle.”

Nearly 26 percent of the funds for construction projects awarded this year will support the removal or reduction of dividing infrastructure, according to Transportation Department data. Department officials said they awarded every applicant that submitted those types of projects and that had the buy-in of the relevant state transportation department, which typically owns the infrastructure.

Although Mr. Crowther said federal officials could do more to encourage applications that involved highway removal, he added that a “lack of vision” from state officials was limiting.

Yonah Freemark, a researcher at the Urban Institute, said the initiative had been a “mixed bag.” He said a $180 million grant to help New York State demolish a 1.4-mile viaduct in Syracuse would substantially benefit the community. But he thought some projects were more problematic because they aimed to mitigate the impacts of highways that are undergoing expansions, including a federal grant to help Austin build a cap over Interstate 35, which the Texas Department of Transportation is spending billions to widen .

Federal transportation officials said there was “no one-size-fits-all” solution, although they expected award recipients to be responsive to community input. “Project sponsors are required to meaningfully engage with local organizations and residents,” Sean Manning, a Transportation Department spokesman, said in a statement.

Candace Moppins, who grew up near the Kensington Expressway and is a founding member of the East Side Parkways Coalition, a group opposed to the state’s project, said the effort would do little to repair the harm caused to the area.

“I don’t think it reconnects the community at all,” Ms. Moppins said during a recent walk through the neighborhood. “This was once a thriving community. Now we have vacant lots and debris.”

State officials have said the project would help restore green space that was “wrongfully taken” away during the highway’s construction, which included the razing of Humboldt Parkway , a wide tree-lined boulevard, and more than 600 homes. But the East Side Parkways Coalition argues that the project would fall short of fully restoring the parkway, which was designed by Frederick Law Olmsted.

Ms. Moppins said she also worried that air quality could worsen near the tunnel’s proposed entrances, where some homes and schools are. The area within a half mile of the expressway is in the 98th percentile for asthma rates and 82nd percentile for low life expectancy when compared with the nation, according to data compiled by the Environmental Protection Agency.

According to the state’s environmental assessment, concentrations of particulate matter could increase up to 6 percent near the tunnel’s exits compared with a scenario in which the tunnel was not built, although concentrations would remain below federal air quality standards and decrease along the length of the tunnel. State officials said the estimate was based on “conservative” modeling.

Although state officials said they were considering future enhancements along the expressway, Marie Therese Dominguez, the commissioner of New York’s Department of Transportation, said removing it was not feasible because it supported about 75,000 vehicle trips daily.

“What do you do with the traffic?” Ms. Dominguez said. “This is a very, very significant roadway.”

Some residents shared similar concerns. Alonzo Thompson, 74, a retired county election official whose home faces the highway, said he worried that removing it could clog up traffic on other roads. He said the plan to cover the highway would still give his neighbors and grandchildren a space to spend time outdoors.

“I’d rather compromise and turn it into a tunnel,” he said.

Madeleine Ngo covers U.S. economic policy and how it affects people across the country. More about Madeleine Ngo

Inside the Biden Administration

Here’s the latest news and analysis from washington..

Marijuana Restrictions: The Biden administration moved to downgrade marijuana from the most restrictive category of drugs , signaling a significant shift in how the federal government views the substance.

Documents Case: President Biden has asserted executive privilege to deny House Republicans access to recordings of his interview with a special counsel investigating his handling of government documents.

Trade War With China: Biden sharply increased tariffs on an array of Chinese imports, building on former President Donald Trump’s crackdown on trade with China, albeit with a very different aim .

Israel-Hamas War: The White House has told Congress that it intends to move forward with a plan for the United States to sell more than $1 billion in new weapons to Israel .

Student Loans: After a deadline passed for federal loan borrowers seeking debt relief, the Education Department has extended the offer until June 30 .

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People should only concentrate on a single skill for life because it is the best way to succeed. to what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion, violence in playgrounds is increasing. however, it is important that parents should teach children not to hit back at bullies. give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. write at least 250 words., in some countries today, people are having their first child when they are older. what are the reasons for this do the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages, in many countries, the amount of crime is increasing. what do you think are the main causes of crime how can we deal with the possible causes.

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Traffic problems in a big city essay with outlines and quotations
This essay discusses the causes, effects and solutions of traffic problems in big cities, especially in Pakistan. It provides outlines, examples and quotations to support the arguments and make it easy to write an essay on this topic.
Essay on Traffic Problems in a Big City, Reasons and Solutions
The first problem which we come across in a big city is the uncontrolled growth of population. This has generated the traffic problem. The traffic problem in a big city has gone beyond proportion. The traffic jams in a big city are a daily occurrence. Traffic jams make the march of life slow and unsteady. Men and women going to their place of ...
Cause & Effect Essay: Traffic Problems of a Big City
Traffic congestion is a big problem for everyone within the city. The main reasons why traffic congestion occurs are more cars, poor road management, and poor practices on behalf of employers. One of the main reasons why there's more congestion is due to more cars on the road. The adult population is increasing and therefore more people want ...
Essay on Traffic Problems
Introduction to Essay on Traffic Problems: ... Remedies to Eradicate Traffic Problems. A big issue can be seen by the general people of the country and the government too. The solution is to work together. ... New York City, Los Angeles, Seattle all lose almost 100 productive hours. Pondering at the Red Light.
Traffic Congestion Is a Growing Problem in Many Major Cities
Explore how Traffic congestion is a growing problem in many of the world's major cities and it transforms into these IELTS Task 2 Band 9 essays. Delve into expert analysis and solutions to understand why Traffic congestion is a growing problem in many of the world's major cities, and learn to articulate your thoughts with precision. Our sample essays offer a deep dive into addressing this ...
Traffic: Why It's Getting Worse, What Government Can Do
(Outside of New York City, only 3.5 percent use transit and 89.3 percent use private vehicles.) ... A ground transportation system's equilibria can also be affected by big changes in the region ...
IELTS Essay # 1461
Model Answer: In numerous major cities worldwide, traffic congestion remains a pressing issue, significantly impeding urban mobility and affecting the quality of life for residents. This problem stems from various factors and requires multifaceted solutions to alleviate its adverse effects. In this essay, I will outline two possible reasons and ...
BA English Essay: Traffic Problems in a Big City
The traffic sergeants are at every signal but the people disregard their signs either deliberately or unknowingly. A lot of people driving on the roads are unaware of these rules. For example in a big city like Lahore, traffic blockades are very common and may consume more than 1 hour of a traveler on an average day.
Cause & Effect Essay: Traffic Problems of a Big City
Traffic congestion is a big problem for everyone within the city. The main reasons why traffic congestion occurs are more cars, poor road management, and poor practices on behalf of employers.One of the main reasons why there's more congestion is due to more cars on the road. The adult population is increasing and therefore more people want ...
In some cities and towns all over the world the high volume of traffic
The Essay Writing section of the IELTS Writing Module can be a difficult task for many IELTS Aspirants. Thus, it is vital that you polish your essay writing skills before attempting the IELTS. Below is a sample IELTS Essay for the IELTS Essay topic: In some cities and towns all over the world the high volume of traffic is a problem.
Essay 296
In simple words, traffic congestion is primarily due to the huge number of vehicles, whose ownership has spread massively because of economic development. Many studies support this notion since during peak hours each occupant of a private car brings about 10 times as much congestion as a passenger on a bus. The condition is further aggravated ...
Model Traffic Problems Essay for the IELTS Teset
Traffic Problems Essay - Model Answer. Traffic congestion in many cities around the world is severe. One possible solution to this problem is to impose heavy taxes on car drivers and use this money to make public transport better. This essay will discuss the benefits and drawbacks of such a measure. One of the first benefits of such a measure ...
IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample 892
Model Answer 1: Traffic congestion is one of the most serious problems in big cities and it has made people's lives more difficult. Thirty years ago, there were fewer cars on the street and people did not suffer from traffic. Today, however, streets are full of cars, buses and trucks. This essay will analyse the most important causes of ...
Essay on Traffic Problem in Big City with Reasons and Solutions
In conclusion, the complexity of traffic problems in big metropolises necessitates a comprehensive and cooperative approach. By addressing the root causes, similar to population growth and inadequate structure, and enforcing innovative solutions, we can pave the way for a future where metropolitan mobility is effective, sustainable, and conducive to a high quality of life.
Nowadays, traffic is a serious problem in big cities
To sum up, traffic is a serious problem in big cities and affects a lot of people nowadays. It is mainly caused by a large number of vehicles and poor planning by the city council and results in severe problems like delaying and pollution. Submitted by rehameldweik on Wed Oct 19 2022.
5 big challenges facing big cities of the future
Owing to the physical and population density of cities, such threats often result in both devastating financial loss and deaths. Making cities more resilient against these environmental threats is one of the biggest challenges faced by city authorities and requires urgent attention. 2. Resources. Cities need resources such as water, food and ...
Nowadays, traffic is a serious problem in big cities
The. first. step is to understand why. traffic. has increased in towns and cities. Broadly speaking, there are two main reasons for. this. One is that cars have become more affordable for the average consumer and they are no longer a luxury item, but something that most families expect to own. On the other hand.
Traffic is a big problem in cities
Traffic is a big problem in cities. Provide the reasons and solutions. of problems. essay would discuss the causes and give solutions in following paragraphs. To commence with, it is undoubtedly clear that in the contemporary era, vehicles are increasing day by day and. problems.
Essay on Traffic Jam for Students and Children
Traffic jam is the situation when vehicles are stopped completely for some time period on the roads.In this Essay on Traffic Jam will discuss about Problem rising, Disadvantages, and suggestions for Traffic Jam ... Thus, traffic jam is a serious issue in every big city that causes several problems for common people. It consumes so much of time ...
IELTS Writing Task 2: 'traffic' topic
Today I'd like to show you a good essay by one of my students. This is the essay question: Traffic congestion is becoming a huge problem for many major cities. Suggest some measures that could be taken to reduce traffic in big cities. I gave the student's essay a band 7, mainly because it contains some really good topic vocabulary. Open the file below to see the full essay, grammar corrections ...
Traffic problems in big cities Essay Example
Traffic problems in big cities Essay Example. In last few years the population of the world is increasing day by day and people are facing traffic problems in big cities. Unfortunately we have little road sense and perhaps, no respect for the traffic rules. This fact has also added to road miss-haps. Therefore, this is the duty of every citizen ...
A Highway Split Their Community. Efforts to Fix That Face Opposition
Research has found that people living near major roads and highways are exposed to higher levels of traffic-related air pollution, which has been associated with lung and heart problems, low birth ...
Write an essay about traffic problems in your city
one of the most vital problems in Da Nang city in the past few years. On average, about 500 accidents are happening in one day. Along with that, too many vehicles on the street can cause. traffic. jams in cities during rush hours. The frequent breaking. traffic. jams burn more fuel. Hence more.
Traffic Problems Of a Big City||Essay
#Essay||#Topic》#Traffic #Problems Of a #Big #City

Traffic problems in a big city essay with outlines and quotations

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2. Increase in standards of living

4. Reckless drivers

Effects on the life of people

Solutions and suggestions

3. Imposing the traffic laws in a good sense

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