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Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction

ISSN : 1366-4387

Article publication date: 5 May 2021

Issue publication date: 15 June 2022

The transition of Malaysia from a developing country to a developed country was considered in vision 2020, whereby an average construction contribution of 6.0% in growth domestic product (GDP) per annum was required. Despite this importance, still, the Malaysian construction industry has not reached the target yet. Understanding the weakness and strength of this industry can be an effective way to help the policymakers in selecting the best strategy in the promotion of the Malaysian construction industry in GDP growth. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to present an overview of the current issues and challenges faced by the contribution of the Malaysian construction industry in GDP growth.

Design/methodology/approach

To achieve this objective, all the latest statistical data presented by the Department of Statistic and Construction Industry Development Board in Malaysia until March 2018 being collected and interpreted. Furthermore, through the literature review, the most significant challenges encountered by the Malaysian construction industry identified, compared and presented.

The results highlight that the contribution of Malaysian construction into GDP is increasing with a gentle slope. Nonetheless, the Malaysian construction industry has a high impact on the employment rate. More investment in the construction sector is required to meet an average of 6% contribution in GDP. Also, to be able to seize new opportunities in the global construction market, more exerted efforts have to overcome the challenges faced by this industry.

Practical implications

This study offers practical implications to policy and decision makers in the Malaysian construction industry. Despite the constant growth of the Malaysian construction industry in recent years, there is a need for more investments and overcome to challenges to encounter an average of 6% contribution in GDP. This study provides an overview and insights to investors, stockholders and managers to formulate a long-term plan promoting the efficiency of the Malaysian construction industry.

Originality/value

This study through explaining, comparing and interpreting the real statistical data, through the tables, figures and graphs, simplified the understanding of the weakness and strength of the Malaysian construction industry.

• Construction industry
• Economic growth

Dehdasht, G. , Ferwati, M.S. , Abidin, N.Z. and Oyedeji, M.O. (2022), "Trends of construction industry in Malaysia and its emerging challenges", Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction , Vol. 27 No. 2, pp. 161-178. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFMPC-08-2020-0054

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Trends of construction industry in Malaysia and its emerging challenges

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• Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

• Qatar University

• Universiti Sains Malaysia

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Construction Industry in Malaysia Size & Share Analysis - Growth Trends & Forecasts (2024 - 2029)

Malaysia's Construction Industry Report is Segmented by Sector (Commercial, Residential, Industrial), Infrastructure (Transportation Construction), Energy and Utility Construction), and Construction Type (Adding, Demolition, and New Construction). The Report Offers Market Size and Forecasts in Value (USD) for all the Above Segments.

• Malaysia Construction Market Size

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Malaysia Construction Market Analysis

The Malaysia Construction Market size is estimated at USD 38.55 billion in 2024, and is expected to reach USD 58.10 billion by 2029, growing at a CAGR of 8.55% during the forecast period (2024-2029).

• The construction industry in Malaysia continued to grow in 2023, with the total value of projects realized amounting to MYR 54.71 billion (USD 11.47 billion) between January and October.
• The private sector spearheaded the recovery from COVID-19 lockdowns and became the main driver of construction growth. Some key private sector projects that contributed to this recovery were high-rise residential projects with mixed-use ideas, supply chain optimization-driven fast-track industrial projects, and data center developments.
• While the civil sector accounted for the majority of government-initiated projects, it slowed down over time, mainly due to government control and prudent spending. However, the government has made significant strides toward improving public transportation and economic development in the region through various national infrastructure projects.
• The projects include the 5G network roll-out, which will cater to the growing demand for data centers across the Asia-Pacific region, and the MRT extension, which is projected to create thousands of jobs during the construction phase. Public transportation projects have sparked a wave of transit-oriented projects in Klang Valley, as well as along the intercity railway links, catalyzing real estate revitalization in the surrounding areas.
• The New Industrial Master Plan (NIMP) 2030 launched by the Government of Malaysia aims to transform Malaysia’s manufacturing industry into a high value, technology-based and globally competitive sector by 2030. The NIMP calls for the establishment of new industrial parks and the construction and modernisation of infrastructure to facilitate the development of the manufacturing sector.
• Malaysia Construction Market Trends

Residential Construction Driving the Market

Construction activity in Malaysia has increased for the fifth consecutive quarter, although the growth rate has slowed in the second quarter of 2023.

• According to data from the Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOSM), the value of work done in the construction sector rose by 8.1% year-on-year to MYR 32.4 billion (USD 7.05 billion) from April to June 2023.
• The growth in construction output was primarily driven by increased work in the residential sector, which saw a rebound and a 6.9% year-on-year expansion. Additionally, special trade activities experienced a faster rise of 9.8% year-on-year.
• However, civil engineering, which makes up the largest proportion of the sector's output, grew at a slower rate of 10.4% year-on-year.
• The growth was the slowest in four quarters, mainly because of the higher base due to the value of work done being more or less the same, hovering around MYR 12.1 billion (USD 2.59 billion) in the three quarters to Q2-2023.
• By project owners, private sector output, which accounted for 63.1% of total output, rose faster by 17.3% (Q1 2023: +10.6%), while the progress of construction project developments under the government recorded zero growth (1Q 2023: +6.1%) or unchanged from Q1 of 2023.

Increase in Infrastructure Construction Activities Driving Growth

The construction sector in Malaysia has seen a dramatic expansion, with 9,144 projects launched as of September 2023. The projects represent MYR 63 billion (USD 13.21 billion) of private investment and MYR 84 billion (USD 17.61 billion) of government investment. 91% of the projects were handled by local contractors, demonstrating their expertise in developing Malaysia's infrastructure.

According to budget-2024 Malaysia, the government plans to implement several large-scale projects such as Penang LRT, Sabah and Sarawak Link Road, and the reinstatement of LRT 3. These projects are part of Malaysia’s MYR 90 billion (USD 18.87 billion) development expenditure budget for 2024.

• The Penang Technology Park Lithium Battery Separator Plant project consists of the construction of a 4 billion square meter (4 billion sq. m) lithium battery separators plant in Penang. The plant will be located on 26.7 hectares of land and will have a production capacity of 4 billion square meters per annum of wet-process and coated separators. The construction of the plant began in the fourth quarter of 2023 and is planned to be completed in the third quarter of 2025. This project is intended to meet the increasing demand for polyimide batteries in the region. Once operational, the project will be one of the first in the region and will be the largest low-carbon separator plant in ASEAN.
• Sedenak JH1 Data Center Campus project consists of the development of a 150 MW data center campus located on a 12.5 ha plot of land in JB (Johor Bahru). The construction started in the 4th quarter of 2023 and will be finished in the 4th quarter of 2025. Once completed, the Data Center (DC) campus will become one of Southeast Asia's largest data center campuses to meet the infrastructure requirements of customers in the region.
• The China Communication Construction Company (CCCC) is spearheading Malaysia's largest infrastructure endeavor, the East Coast Rail Link. Leveraging cutting-edge Chinese technology, CCCC is setting a new pace, laying tracks at a rate three times faster than traditional methods.

Malaysia Construction Industry Overview

The Malaysian construction market is less competitive due to major international players holding a large share of the total market. Furthermore, the residential and transport construction sectors have a huge potential for growth during the forecasted period, which stimulates opportunities for other market players. Some of the major players in Malaysia's Construction Market are YTL Corporation Berhad, IJM Corporation Berhad, Gamuda Berhad, UEM Group Berhad, and Malaysian Resources Corporation Berhad.

Malaysia Construction Market Leaders

YTL Corporation Berhad

IJM Corporation Berhad

Gamuda Berhad

UEM Group Berhad

Malaysian Resources Corporation Berhad

*Disclaimer: Major Players sorted in no particular order

Malaysia Construction Market News

• October 2023 : Gamuda Bhd entered into a joint-venture agreement with Sabah Energy Corp Sdn Bhd (SEC) and Kerjaya Kagum Hitech JV Sdn Bhd (KKHJV) to undertake a private finance initiative for the development of the MYR 4 billion (USD 0.86 billion) 187.5 MW hydroelectric power plant in Tenom, Sabah.
• July 2023 : IJM formed a partnership with FMM Elmina Sdn Bhd to develop two logistics hubs on a 22-acre site in the City of Elmina, Shah Alam, marking its maiden industrial property development in the Klang Valley.

Malaysia Construction Market Report - Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Study Assumptions and Market Definition

1.2 Scope of the Market

2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

4. MARKET INSIGHTS

4.1 Current Economic and Construction Market Scenario

4.2 Technological Innovations in the Construction Sector

4.3 Impact of Government Regulations and Initiatives on the Industry

4.4 Review and Commentary on the Extent of Malaysia Vision 2020

4.5 Comparison of Key Industry Metrics of Malaysia with Other ASEAN Countries

4.6 Comparison of Construction Cost Metrics of Malaysia with Other ASEAN Countries

4.7 Impact of COVID-19 on the Market

4.8 Market Dynamics

4.8.1 Market Drivers

4.8.1.1 Rise in Demand for Residential Property

4.8.1.2 Increase in Infrastructure Projects

4.8.2 Market Restraints

4.8.2.1 Increase in Cost of Raw Materials

4.8.3 Market Oppurtunities

4.9 Value Chain/Supply Chain Analysis

4.10 Industry Attractiveness - Porter's Five Forces Analysis

4.10.1 Bargaining Power of Suppliers

4.10.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers/Consumers

4.10.3 Threat of New Entrants

4.10.4 Threat of Substitute Products

4.10.5 Intensity of Competitive Rivalry

5. MARKET SEGMENTATION

5.1 By Sector

5.1.1 Commercial Construction

5.1.2 Residential Construction

5.1.3 Industrial Construction

5.1.4 Infrastructure (Transportation) Construction

5.1.5 Energy and Utilities Construction

5.2 By Construction Type

5.2.1 Additions

5.2.2 Demolition and New Construction

6. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

6.1 Market Overview

6.2 Company Profiles

6.2.1 YTL Corporation Berhad

6.2.2 IJM Corporation Berhad

6.2.3 Gamuda Berhad

6.2.4 UEM Group Berhad

6.2.5 Malaysian Resources Corporation Berhad

6.2.6 WCT Holdings Berhad

6.2.7 WCE Holdings Berhad

6.2.8 Hock Seng Lee Berhad

6.2.9 Mudajaya Group Berhad

6.2.10 Muhibbah Engineering (M) Bhd*

• *List Not Exhaustive

7. FUTURE OF THE MARKET

8. APPENDIX

Malaysia Construction Industry Segmentation

Construction is the processes involved in delivering buildings, infrastructure, industrial facilities, and associated activities through to the end of their lives. It typically starts with planning, financing, and designing and continues until the asset is built and ready for use. Construction also covers repairs and maintenance work and works to expand, extend, and improve the asset, as well as its eventual demolition, dismantling, or decommissioning.

Malaysia's construction market is segmented by sector (commercial, residential, industrial, infrastructure (transportation construction), energy, and utility construction) and by construction type (adding, demolition, and new construction). The report offers market size and forecasts for the Malaysian construction market in terms of value (USD) for all the above segments.

Malaysia Construction Market Research FAQs

How big is the malaysia construction market.

The Malaysia Construction Market size is expected to reach USD 38.55 billion in 2024 and grow at a CAGR of 8.55% to reach USD 58.10 billion by 2029.

What is the current Malaysia Construction Market size?

In 2024, the Malaysia Construction Market size is expected to reach USD 38.55 billion.

Who are the key players in Malaysia Construction Market?

YTL Corporation Berhad, IJM Corporation Berhad, Gamuda Berhad, UEM Group Berhad and Malaysian Resources Corporation Berhad are the major companies operating in the Malaysia Construction Market.

What years does this Malaysia Construction Market cover, and what was the market size in 2023?

In 2023, the Malaysia Construction Market size was estimated at USD 35.25 billion. The report covers the Malaysia Construction Market historical market size for years: 2020, 2021, 2022 and 2023. The report also forecasts the Malaysia Construction Market size for years: 2024, 2025, 2026, 2027, 2028 and 2029.

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Malaysia Construction Industry Report

Statistics for the 2024 Malaysia Construction market share, size and revenue growth rate, created by Mordor Intelligence™ Industry Reports. Malaysia Construction analysis includes a market forecast outlook to 2029 and historical overview. Get a sample of this industry analysis as a free report PDF download.

Malaysia Construction Market Report Snapshots

• Malaysia Construction Market Share
• Malaysia Construction Companies
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The Critical Review on the Malaysian Construction Industry

2012, Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development

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Construction industry in Malaysia - statistics & facts

Infrastructure projects at the forefront, challenges in construction, key insights.

Detailed statistics

GDP from construction in Malaysia 2015-2023

Share of construction industry to the GDP in Malaysia 2015-2023

Net FDI flows to Malaysia in construction 2014-2023

Editor’s Picks Current statistics on this topic

Building Construction

Value of residential building construction in Malaysia 2014-2023

Value of non-residential building construction in Malaysia 2014-2023

Heavy Construction

Value of civil engineering work in Malaysia 2014-2023

Further recommended statistics

• Premium Statistic GDP from construction in Malaysia 2015-2023
• Premium Statistic Share of construction industry to the GDP in Malaysia 2015-2023
• Premium Statistic Net FDI flows to Malaysia in construction 2014-2023
• Premium Statistic Value of construction work in Malaysia 2014-2023
• Premium Statistic Construction value in Malaysia 2023, by state
• Premium Statistic Share of construction work in Malaysia Q4 2023, by type

Gross domestic product (GDP) from construction in Malaysia from 2015 to 2023 (in billion Malaysian ringgit)

Share of construction industry to the gross domestic products (GDP) in Malaysia from 2015 to 2023

Net foreign direct investment (FDI) flows to Malaysia in construction from 2014 to 2023 (in million Malaysian ringgit)

Value of construction work in Malaysia 2014-2023

Value of construction work in Malaysia from 2014 to 2023 (in billion Malaysian ringgit)

Construction value in Malaysia 2023, by state

Value of construction work in Malaysia in 2023, by state (in billion Malaysian ringgit)

Share of construction work in Malaysia Q4 2023, by type

Share of construction activities in Malaysia as of the fourth quarter 2023, by type

Residential building construction

• Premium Statistic Value of residential building construction in Malaysia 2014-2023
• Premium Statistic Value of public residential building construction in Malaysia 2014-2023
• Premium Statistic Value of private residential building construction in Malaysia 2014-2023
• Premium Statistic New residential completion in Malaysia H1 2021-H1 2023

Value of residential building construction in Malaysia from 2014 to 2023 (in billion Malaysian ringgit)

Value of public residential building construction in Malaysia 2014-2023

Value of public residential building construction in Malaysia from 2014 to 2023 (in billion Malaysian ringgit)

Value of private residential building construction in Malaysia 2014-2023

Value of construction work done on private residential buildings in Malaysia from 2014 to 2023 (in billion Malaysian ringgit)

New residential completion in Malaysia H1 2021-H1 2023

Number of newly constructed residential units in Malaysia from first half 2021 to first half 2023 (in 1,000s)

Non-residential construction

• Premium Statistic Value of non-residential building construction in Malaysia 2014-2023
• Premium Statistic Value of public non-residential building construction in Malaysia 2014-2023
• Premium Statistic Value of private non-residential building construction in Malaysia 2014-2023
• Premium Statistic New shop completion in Malaysia H1 2021-H1 2023

Value of non-residential building construction in Malaysia from 2014 to 2023 (in billion Malaysian ringgit)

Value of public non-residential building construction in Malaysia 2014-2023

Value of public non-residential building construction in Malaysia from 2014 to 2023 (in billion Malaysian ringgit)

Value of private non-residential building construction in Malaysia 2014-2023

Value of construction work done on private non-residential buildings in Malaysia from 2014 to 2023 (in billion Malaysian ringgit)

New shop completion in Malaysia H1 2021-H1 2023

Number of newly constructed shop units in Malaysia from first half 2021 to first half 2023

Civil engineering construction

• Premium Statistic Value of civil engineering work in Malaysia 2014-2023
• Premium Statistic Value of public civil engineering work in Malaysia 2014-2023
• Premium Statistic Value of private civil engineering work in Malaysia 2014-2023

Value of civil engineering work in Malaysia from 2014 to 2023 (in billion Malaysian ringgit)

Value of public civil engineering work in Malaysia 2014-2023

Value of public civil engineering work in Malaysia from 2014 to 2023 (in billion Malaysian ringgit)

Value of private civil engineering work in Malaysia 2014-2023

Value of private civil engineering work in Malaysia from 2014 to 2023 (in billion Malaysian ringgit)

Construction materials

• Premium Statistic Price of selected building materials in Malaysia 2024
• Basic Statistic Production of cement in Malaysia 2014-2023
• Premium Statistic Production of cement roof tiles in Malaysia 2014-2023
• Premium Statistic Monthly average price of ordinary cement in Malaysia 2023, by region

Price of selected building materials in Malaysia 2024

Average price of selected building materials in Malaysia as of January 2024 (in Malaysian ringgit per metric ton)

Production of cement in Malaysia 2014-2023

Production of cement in Malaysia from 2014 to 2023 (in million metric tons)

Production of cement roof tiles in Malaysia 2014-2023

Production of cement roof tiles in Malaysia from 2014 to 2023 (in millions)

Monthly average price of ordinary cement in Malaysia 2023, by region

Monthly average price of ordinary Portland cement in Malaysia in 2023, by region (in Malaysian ringgit per 50 kilograms)

Leading companies

• Premium Statistic Revenue of YTL Corporation Berhad FY 2019-2023
• Premium Statistic Revenue of Gamuda Berhad FY 2019-2023
• Premium Statistic Revenue of IJM Corporation FY 2019-2023

Revenue of YTL Corporation Berhad FY 2019-2023

Total revenue of YTL Corporation Berhad from financial year 2019 to 2023 (in billion Malaysian ringgit)

Revenue of Gamuda Berhad FY 2019-2023

Total revenue of Gamuda Berhad from financial year 2019 to 2023 (in billion Malaysian ringgit)

Revenue of IJM Corporation FY 2019-2023

Revenue of IJM Corporation Berhad from financial year 2019 to 2023 (in billion Malaysian ringgit)

Employment in construction

• Premium Statistic Number of people employed in the construction industry in Malaysia 2015-2023
• Premium Statistic Number of non-citizens employed in the construction industry in Malaysia 2013-2022
• Premium Statistic Number of job positions in the construction industry Malaysia 2015-2023
• Premium Statistic Monthly salary of construction industry employees in Malaysia 2013-2022

Number of people employed in the construction industry in Malaysia 2015-2023

Number of people employed in the construction industry in Malaysia from 2015 to 2023 (in 1,000s)

Number of non-citizens employed in the construction industry in Malaysia 2013-2022

Number of non-Malaysian citizens employed in the construction industry in Malaysia from 2013 to 2022 (in 1,000s)

Number of job positions in the construction industry Malaysia 2015-2023

Number of job positions in the construction industry in Malaysia from 2015 to 2023 (in millions)

Monthly salary of construction industry employees in Malaysia 2013-2022

Average monthly salary of employees in the construction industry in Malaysia from 2013 to 2022 (in 1,000 Malaysian ringgit)

Workplace safety

• Premium Statistic Number of construction accidents in Malaysia 2014-2023
• Premium Statistic Number of fatal construction accidents in Malaysia 2014-2023
• Premium Statistic Number of construction accidents leading to permanent disability Malaysia 2014-2023

Number of construction accidents in Malaysia 2014-2023

Total number of construction accidents in Malaysia from 2014 to 2023

Number of fatal construction accidents in Malaysia 2014-2023

Number of fatal construction accidents in Malaysia from 2014 to 2023

Number of construction accidents leading to permanent disability Malaysia 2014-2023

Number of construction accidents leading to permanent disability in Malaysia from 2014 to 2023

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Analysing The Malaysian Construction Industry Construction Essay

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Challenges Facing the Malaysian Construction Industry

Practical strategic thinking is critical for organizational success because it supports the development of vital plans that match firm objectives and maintain a competitive advantage. This paper will highlight the application of strategic thinking at the firm level in the Malaysian construction industry, identify various challenges facing the industry, and various applications of strategic thinking to deal with the issue. In the paper, the literature suggests that there is limited application of strategic thinking within firms despite the extensive growth in the area of strategic thinking. Notwithstanding, strategic thinking is crucial for maintaining firms’ successful functioning in the Malaysian construction industry through various avenues. The avenues discussed in the paper include total quality management, long-term planning for work safety, and practical and comprehensive management frameworks. This paper will consult various literature sources to provide an in-depth analysis of various challenges facing the Malaysian construction industry and their solutions.

1.0. Introduction

Effective strategic thinking has proven time over time to be a vital tool for organizational success across all sectors. Strategic thinking alludes to the capacity to develop crucial plans that match organizational objectives in a certain economic setup, and this planning works in favor of firms to provide them with a competitive advantage in the current work environment. According to Kam et al. (2022), the Malaysian construction industry is deemed as the third-largest sector in the economy in the avenue of productivity ked by the agriculture and manufacturing sector. The industry is linked with other sectors in the economy, contributing to its success but also faces various challenges. Categorically, major players in the Malaysian construction industry, such as ABC Synergy Sdn. Bhd faces various challenges, such as workplace hazards that require the intervention of top leaders to plan ahead and prevent their reoccurrence ( ABC Synergy , 2022). Managers have to rely on strategic thinking to deal with such challenges. In the Malaysian construction industry, strategists elicit unique abilities and skills to connect the past and the present in order to predict what may happen in the future. Notably, strategic thinking facilitates the review of issues and policies by organizational leaders and carries out long-term planning that allows goal setting and determination of priorities to optimally identify any potential risks and opportunities. Undoubtedly, strategic thinking functions as a tool for the formulation of strategy by managers, and their engagement in the process of strategic management helps the firm operate beyond any arising challenges. This exposition intends to discuss the criticality of strategic thinking and various challenges in the Malaysian construction industry.

2.0. Literature Review

Arayesh et al. (2017) contend that strategic thinking alludes to the strategic capacity that helps the top leadership in a corporation to understand their capabilities while making predictions, distinguishing them, and controlling future events. In the Malaysian construction industry, managers must firsts understand various issues facing the sector to engage in strategic thinking. The current Malaysian construction industry is faced with unprecedented risk and competition, resulting in issues surrounding its development, technology use, and budgeting (Omer, 2019). The high demand for the construction of facilities and infrastructure calls for the implementation of construction projects and maintenance of site management practices. Construction site management alludes to a special provision in contracts requiring managers to have control of construction activities and show proper management acumen to allow the smooth flow of construction activities via strategic thinking. Specifically, site management is always crucial for enabling the smooth flow of construction processes and all activities carried out at the construction site (Dixit et al., 2017). Therefore, through strategic thinking, site managers or organizational heads can engage in the process of making a progression of decisions regarding the actions the enterprise aims to take in order for it to be more successful. Thus, construction companies often undertake strategic planning processes several times and come up with documentation that works as guidebooks for the team in management to utilize later. Undoubtedly, firms should strive to make strategic thinking a continuous process that is ongoing, on a year-round status (Hill, 2022). Strictly speaking, the capacity to anticipate significant changes in the competitive marketplace of the construction industry and identify any emerging opportunities are at the heart of strategic thinking.

According to AlQershi (2021), strategic thinking encompasses the application of foresight, creativity, and insight. Categorically, foresight works by shadowing the future by foreseeing it and shaping it before it materializes, while insight acts as the perimeter pivot that works to uncover the approaches that give rise and sense to the future. For managers to think strategically, they have to conduct research, analysis, and fore thinking in order to develop a workable plan for how the organization will proceed as an entity. Thus, the capacity to think strategically offers multiple dimensions to the strategy-making process. It lays emphasis on the distinct nature of strategic thinking and planning and furthers their complementing thought processes and how they are interrelated (AlQershi, 2021).

Major activities under strategic planning and strategic thinking in the construction industry may include functions such as dealing with the construction schedules and construction materials and maintaining the health and welfare of workers. Recently, most site managers in Malaysia experienced issues ranging from waste disposal difficulties, failure to apply knowledge-based frameworks, derailed practices due to the pandemic, project delays, and budget overruns (Charles, 2021). Oftentimes, construction sites represent their own system embedded in a larger system to arrive at the primary objective of completion of a construction project. Thus, construction site managers rely on the success of the project management teams to maintain flow and the success of these work areas. Thus, construction site managers are expected to engage in strategic thinking and coordinate with the team to maintain success. Open communication regarding the project, any arising roadblocks, delays, or the potential progress of the practice. According to Ting et al. (2019), the construction industry in Malaysia is important to the growth of the country’s economy. Therefore, a need arises to develop a framework for sound site management and the performance of construction projects in Malaysia under strategic thinking to operate beyond these challenges. Cite managers can perform risk management practices to identify these issues to allow contractors and clients to use the best possible practices in construction. Goldman et al. (2017) contend that multiple scholars agree that while strategic thinking strives to come up with an organizational strategy crucial to attaining sustainability and profitability, it is often absent in multiple organizational setups and is lacking among corporate leaders.

3.0 Problem Statement

Managers in the Malaysian construction industry must engage in strategic thinking and planning to adopt risk management approaches to deal with challenging engineering and management problems like derailed practices and budget overruns on construction sites. Strictly speaking, effective and sound management practices in the construction process and site management can be achieved through total quality management. Undoubtedly, the construction site managers are responsible for controlling and directing all the activities that take place on construction sites. These activities take place within the limits of the organizational hierarchy, and the managers are expected to elicit the skills critical in providing the foundation for successful construction practices. Developing crucial plans that match organizational objectives in the current economic setup matches strategic thinking. Thus, Malaysian construction site managers should strive to maintain better cite management through total quality management to deal with the issues. Additionally, knowledge management under sound management practices may be useful in solving these challenges on construction sites.

4.0 Discussion

The use of practical and very comprehensive management frameworks.

Major firms in the Malaysian construction industry must apply strategic thinking and adopt proper management techniques to deal with existing challenges and or practical frameworks that will facilitate planning for the future. Oftentimes, construction functions represent their own systems embedded in a larger system to arrive at the primary objective of completion of a construction project. Thus, managers in construction projects rely on the success of the project management team to maintain flow and the success of these work areas (Meredith, 2017). Managers in construction sites are expected to coordinate with the team to maintain open communication regarding the project, any arising roadblocks, delays, or the potential progress of the practice. The most suitable practical framework is the application of total quality management by site managers to maintain the successful operation of construction sites. Demirkesen and Ozorhon (2017) point out that it is crucial that site managers develop a more comprehensive framework critical to improving construction projects and their success rates. These approaches will improve the functioning of projects and help the firm in question gain a competitive advantage.

According to Ting et al. (2019), the construction industry in Malaysia is important to the growth of the country’s economy, and it is riddled with issues ranging from poor publicity involving cost overruns, poor workmanship, workplace accidents, unrealistic and uncontrolled schedules, unfinished construction project and conflicts calling for these strategic thinking approaches. It has often been common to see toppling bridges in the region and collapsing structures pointing to the down pit situation of the Malaysian construction industry and its recent bad impression on the minds of the public. Most of these issues have been due to the poor site management practices adopted by contractors in the Malaysian construction industry. The issues associated with construction are rising by the day, and projects are more complicated nowadays because of the large capital investment, stringent demands on quality, tighter schedules, advancements in technologies, and escalating costs (Barbosa et al. 2017). Without any doubt, many organizations often manage many projects at the same time in an attempt to attain a competitive advantage. Thus, managers should consider practical and very comprehensive management frameworks that take into account the structural, personnel, practical, and cultural aspects of site management practices to deal with an issue facing the industry accordingly (Van Zyl et al., 2017). In the proposal, the practical framework for use in site management is the use of sound management approaches.

The use of total quality management

According to Coelho et al. (2022), many organizations have implemented total quality management (TQM) as a philosophy vital for endorsing the quality of output and enhancing their competitiveness. Adopting TQM is a critical part of effective strategic thinking as it can secure the future of construction industries through articular organizational elements like teamwork, and customer satisfaction, or more intangible and technical aspects like culture via its successful implementation. Notably, total quality management intends to ensure that every employee on the construction site performs their duties diligently and according to set standards. It is the site manager’s role to maintain this quality high by practicing sound cite management practices. A common issue in the construction industry is the rigidness of control systems leading to a lack of flexibility and poor quality management. Specifically, managers often have the capacity to alter the individual parameters on a construction site in an attempt to reduce or increase the time available for project completion. This gives the site managers an opportunity to deal with any other arising issues, but the rigidness may result in the delay of other projects. The high reliance of the construction system on the resources of other systems to maintain this flow may be a significant cause of challenges to site managers. Various parts play different roles in construction, and the delay of one part may cause delays in the entire system as a whole due to poor management, poor planning, and lack of strategic thinking. For instance, the failure of a subcontractor to supply the right amount of materials at the right time may slow down the entire construction project, which may arise from poor planning ( Effective construction site management , 2021).

Besides, the Covid-19 pandemic had also crippled the operation of the construction industry and its management efforts in Malaysia. This is another significant challenge that is still affecting the industry even after the easing of lockdown and restrictions. Specifically, the rampant spread of the virus and the rising caseloads raised a public health emergency which forced the Malaysian government to issue a public order (James, 2020). The movement control order of 2020 led to the closure of businesses, and pursuant to the PCID regulations of 2020, the construction industry did not fall within essential services and thus was impacted by the MCO. However, only construction works of critical services such as traffic control and repairs were exempted from the movement control order. An exemption was only given to work regarding maintenance and demanded the cessation of construction activities on Malaysian construction sites. The architecture or manager, at this point, was forced to issue instructions regarding vacating the work premise as ordered by the government and ministry of health requirements to curb the spread of the pandemic leading to the derailing of construction activities (Michael and Charles, 2017). The recent reopening of the economy calls for strategic planning, thinking, and complying with the procurement process to assist the construction industry’s recovery. The success of most construction projects relies on compliance and raising such issues at any point in the procurement process. The compliance issues may be legal, involving remuneration and eligibility to work for workers or industrial regarding imports and exports compliance. Thus, a sound procurement procedure with the help of competent management helps deal with discussed issues to allow smooth processes in construction sites. Categorically the highlighted role of site managers is stipulated within construction firms, and the use of total quality management tools will not only support recovery but maintain competitiveness and secure the industry’s future. Construction managers must have skills critical in offering the foundation for a successful construction process. Thus, the application of total quality management as the primary practical framework helps maintain just-in-time operations, re-engineer’s business processes along with certain business needs, and facilitates knowledge management within construction sites usable in solving the most critical issues (Karim and Qamruzzaman, 2020).

Long-term planning and its component within the avenue of workplace safety

Tool inventory management

Long-term planning is a critical part of strategic thinking that will help firms in the construction sector to be competitive and operate within set objectives. Tool inventory is carried out by managers to offer oversight and accountability to ensure the tracking and return of tools on construction sites. Undoubtedly, inventory management saves money via the reduction of tool hoarding and losses (Perry. 2018). It also makes issuing and returning equipment a quicker process to save time directed to other construction functions.

Tool scheduling

Tool scheduling involves keeping track of equipment across multiple construction locations to eliminate time consumption. Using tool scheduling facilitates checking out and efficient return of tools. Besides, billing clients for tool usage helps recapture the tool cost at the construction site and makes construction management easier.

Predictive tool maintenance

Predictive maintenance helps remove the uncertainty that is associated with preventative maintenance and efforts to optimize safety quality control of tools. Its primary benefits include enabling the completion of the routine calibration of tools on schedule by construction managers, the compliance by workers concerning tracking specific equipment and enabling regular maintenance to extend tool and equipment life (Perry, 2018).

Tool and equipment safety

Tool and equipment safety form a significant part of strategic thinking and sound planning to make sure that construction industries function smoothly. Over the years, site managers and employers have reported millions of workplace injuries on construction sites. Proper equipment and tool safety maintenance are primary components of site management practices. Strictly speaking, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) points out that the primary causes of industrial accidents and injuries on construction sites are the failure of equipment and misuse of tools (Sehsah et al., 2020). Thus, maintaining equipment and tool safety by construction site managers is crucial to minimize these atrocities. Construction site management efforts stipulate approaches directed toward tracking the repair and maintenance of industrial equipment by doing so within repair schedules (Perry, 2018). Arriving at this objective is critical to make sure that the recorded numbers of tool and equipment breakdowns are few, the sites experience higher tool life, and lower number of accidents by maintaining safety at construction sites. This serves as a critical source of success, quality functioning, and competitiveness of firms in the construction sector of Malaysia. Managers should plan within these avenues to maintain high-quality operations within construction sites.

5.0 Conclusions

This exposition highlighted the criticality of strategic thinking and various challenges in the Malaysian construction industry. Effective strategic thinking stresses the capacity to develop crucial plans that match organizational objectives by managers and leaders in a certain economic setup, and this planning works in favor of firms to provide them with a competitive advantage in their current work environment. From the report, the current Malaysian construction industry is faced with unprecedented risk and competition, resulting in issues surrounding its development, technology use, and budgeting. The high demand for the construction of facilities and infrastructure calls for the implementation of construction projects and maintenance of site management practices. This can only be achieved vii engaging in strategic thinking and planning by engaging in proper practices that support competition and the sound function of construction firms. Through strategic thinking, effective planning is vital in helping firms apply practical and comprehensive management frameworks, partake in total quality management, and adopt long-term planning and its components within the avenue of workplace safety. Adopting total quality management is an important part of effective strategic thinking as it can secure the future of construction industries through particular organizational elements like teamwork and customer satisfaction or more intangible and technical aspects like culture via its successful implementation. On the other hand, the practical framework for use in site management is the use of sound management approaches that will impact successful operations. However, enhancing the safety of tools and the workplace environment is vital in eliminating dangers in constructing workplaces and associating the environment with the effective use of tools to enhance competitiveness. Thus, it remains incumbent upon managers in Malaysian construction firms to adopt strategic thinking and planning via total quality management effects and sound management practices to solve any arising challenges on construction sites

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AlQershi, N. (2021). Strategic thinking, strategic planning, strategic innovation and the performance of SMEs: The mediating role of human capital.  Management Science Letters ,  11 (3), 1003-1012

Arayesh, M. B., Golmohammadi, E., Nekooeezadeh, M., & Mansouri, A. (2017). The effects of organizational culture on the development of strategic thinking at the organizational level.  International Journal of Organizational Leadership ,  6 , 261-275.

Barbosa, F., Woetzel, J., & Mischke, J. (2017).  Reinventing construction: A route of higher productivity . McKinsey Global Institute.

Charles, S. H. (2021).  A resilience-oriented guiding framework for managing post-disaster reconstruction projects  (Doctoral dissertation, ResearchSpace@ Auckland).

Coelho, C., Mojtahedi, M., Kabirifar, K., & Yazdani, M. (2022). Influence of Organisational Culture on Total Quality Management Implementation in the Australian Construction Industry.  Buildings ,  12 (4), 496.

Dixit, S., Pandey, A. K., Mandal, S. N., & Bansal, S. (2017). A study of enabling factors affecting construction productivity: Indian scenario.  International Journal of Civil Engineering & Technology ,  8 (6), 741-758.

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Goldman, E. F., Schlumpf, K. S., & Scott, A. R. (2017). Combining practice and theory to assess strategic thinking.  Journal of Strategy and Management .

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Kam, K. J., Lim, T. S., Lee, L. H., Soon, L. T., Leong, B. T., & Kamarazaly, M. A. B. (2022). Survival Strategies and Challenges Faced by Subcontractors in Malaysian Construction Industry.  Malaysian Construction Research Journal ,  15 (Special issue 1), 22-37

Karim, S., & Qamruzzaman, M. D. (2020). Corporate culture, management commitment, and HRM effect on operation performance: The mediating role of just-in-time.  Cogent Business & Management ,  7 (1), 1786316.

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Meredith, J. R., Shafer, S. M., & Mantel Jr, S. J. (2017).  Project management: a strategic managerial approach . John Wiley & Sons.

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Sehsah, R., El-Gilany, A. H., & Ibrahim, A. M. (2020). Personal protective equipment (PPE) use and its relation to accidents among construction workers.  La Medicina del lavoro ,  111 (4), 285.

Ting, S., Khoo, H., & Wong, S. (2019). Project Management Development in Malaysia: A Case Study. Department of Civil Engineering, University Malaysia. Retrieved from https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.517.1572&rep=rep1&type=pdf

Van Zyl, E. S., Mathafena, R. B., & Ras, J. (2017). The development of a talent management framework for the private sector.  SA Journal of Human Resource Management ,  15 (1), 1-19.

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COVID-19: Impact and Responses in the Malaysian Construction Sector

The COVID-19 pandemic has tremendously hit the construction sector. As of the first quarter of 2020, the Australian economy has shrunk 10%, with estimated losses of approximately $5 billion, while the UK economy has decreased 5.8% or £301.5 million daily.

Similarly, the pandemic has resulted in decreased investments in the Indian construction industry by 13% to 30%, thereby diminishing India’s gross domestic product by 23.9% and increasing the unemployment rate to 27.11% as of May 2021.

Evidently, the pandemic’s considerable impact has affected the Malaysian construction sector, which suffered a large decline of RM18.5 billion during the interval period of the Movement Control Order (MCO) between March and April 2020.

The majority of construction activities, except those categorised as critical and essential services, were halted via MCO, eventually resulting in a 30% loss of manpower and their income and decreasing the consumption of construction materials by 42% (equivalent to RM4.6 billion).

During the Conditional MCO in May and June 2020, contractors continued to experience difficulties, such as the incorporation of demanding standard operating procedures on health and safety measures for construction sites. Such a hindrance has prevented contractors from continuing their projects in a conventional manner.

Despite MCO 2.0 and 3.0 announced in October 2020 and May 2021, respectively, daily COVID-19 cases continued to increase to 5,728, 7,748, and 17,786 in January, June, and July 2021, respectively. Thus, the typical impact on the construction sector was caused by financial issues, project delivery issues, difficulty in honouring various contracts, labour constraints, companies facing economic downturn, and supply chain management issues. The following section explains the typical challenges encountered by the construction industry.

Financial constraints

Financial constraints are the immediate impact of COVID-19 on the majority of contractors. Given that companies are not generating any type of net or operating profits owing to work cessation, suppliers issuing the prescribed materials have incurred huge losses. The implementation of MCO meant suspension of work and payments, and contractors assuming the recurring costs of rental expenses, salaries, and fixed costs. In addition, the cessation of selling materials and shutdown of the construction industry have resulted in the government losing adequate tax collection, which has a direct impact on the country’s economy.

Contractual obligations

The Temporary Measures for Reducing the Impact of Coronavirus Diseases 2019 Act 2020 was officially promulgated in October 2020 and will be in effect for two years. In particular, Section 7 acts as a statutory force majeure that provides temporary protection to a defaulting party’s inability to continue any contractual obligations caused by measures, unforeseen events, and difficult period under the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Act 1988.

In Malaysia, three standard documents on contracts for construction works can be referred related to excusable delays triggered by the pandemic: JKR 203A (2007/2010), PAM (2006/2018) standard document contracts for government and public sectors, and FIDIC (1999) standard for building and civil engineering projects. Unfortunately, conditions associated via a force majeure or excusable delays provision may differ.

In particular, contractors should not postulate any contractual clause addressing excusable delays automatically applied to the COVID-19 pandemic. Contracts for minor works, restorations, repairs, and interior activities are examples of those not covered by excusable delays.

Labour constraints

During post-MCO in 2020, the principal drivers of the Malaysian construction sector with a total of 17,000 workers from G5 to G7 companies, representing a substantial number of the total labour workforce of approximately 850,000 employees, experienced the severe impact of the pandemic.

These workers are not allowed to resume work on-site. The possible reason is that some migrant workers asked to return home owing to fear and various uncertainties. However, as work resumed in G1 to G4 companies, the top priority of fulfilling burdensome health and safety demands, distress caused by viral infections, and influence of uncertainty have caused a decline in the number of migrant workers. Thus, the mental well-being and morale of workers substantially affected the workforce and the overall efficiency of operations.

Materials suppliers, sub-contractors, and project supply chains

Among the sectors that have experienced considerable disruptions are the materials, sub-contractors, and supply chain sectors. The ripple effect of the materials supply chain has suspended production, issuance, and distribution. Builders face the impact related to the availability, delays, and increasing costs of imported materials and off-site construction items, such as steel, tiles, and internal fittings.

The reason is that numerous factories ceased operations for an extended period. Disrupted transportation and travel restraints have likewise hampered project delivery, and equipment rental companies may experience equipment being abandoned at sites that became inoperable.

Therefore, work efficiency has undoubtedly decreased as work-from-home measures were enforced. However, COVID-19 has expedited the digitalisation and virtual concept of the sector, specifically by using building information modelling as a key attribute of construction 4.0. Moreover, the trend for controlled factory setting of prefabrication can be optimised.

In this case, managing the occupational and safety perspectives has become effortless. Subsequently, this building material requires minimal labour to assemble on site, which is a key priority in the context of social distancing requirements.

Dr Afizah Ayob is Associate Professor at Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology (FCET) and the Dean of FCET of Universiti Malaysia Perlis.

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KUALA LUMPUR (July 17): Malaysian construction stocks surged on Wednesday to their highest in more than six years, as investors bet that contract awards will pick up, spurred by public infrastructure and private projects.

The Bursa Malaysia Construction Index, which tracks 49 stocks in the sector, rose 3.5% to its highest since February 2018.

Top movers Gamuda Bhd (KL:GAMUDA) climbed 30 sen or nearly 4% to close the day at RM8.25, while IJM Corp Bhd (KL:IJM) gained 21 sen or more than 6% to RM3.69.

The outlook for the construction industry remains positive as private-sector jobs surge and major public infrastructure projects, such as the next phases of the mass rapid transit and the Pan Borneo Highway projects, are rolled out, said Rakuten Trade, which has an ‘overweight’ call on the sector.

The promising prospects have driven significant market interest, reflecting the government's push for infrastructure development and private-sector expansion, Rakuten added. The research house’s top picks for the sector are Gamuda, Sunway Construction Group Bhd (KL:SUNCON), Kerjaya Prospek Group Bhd (KL:KERJAYA), WCT Holdings Bhd (KL:WCT), and Kimlun Corp Bhd (KL:KIMLUN).

Sunway Construction closed up 10 sen or 2.1% to RM4.94, while Kerjaya Prospek ended up eight sen or 3.9% to RM2.15. WCT rose seven sen or 6% to RM1.23, while Kimlun advanced three sen or 1.9% to RM1.65.

Construction stocks have broadly outperformed other sectors, largely fuelled by optimism about the government's roll-out of major infrastructure projects. A slew of highly lucrative jobs, particularly to build data centres, has also boosted shares of select companies, including Gamuda and Sunway Construction.

In the first half of 2024, contract awards totalled RM88.92 billion from over 7,000 projects, according to data from the Construction Industry Development Board. Private sector projects account for 75% of the contracts awarded.

In terms of the type of projects, non-residential contracts accounted for 73% of the awards while infrastructure made up about 16% of the jobs. The rest were for residential and social amenities.

For the next six months, “sizeable public infrastructure projects [are] coming to the fore” in addition to data centre projects, Hong Leong Investment Bank (HLIB) said.

The wave of investments into the country will continue to encourage development spending on “critical enabling infrastructure”, such as ports, airports, water, highways and railways, the research house said and maintained its ‘overweight’ rating on the sector.

“Investors’ preference for the picks and shovels trade for the [data centre] boom should continue to drive sector multiple reratings,” HLIB noted. “Valuations at current levels still provide room for upside.” For strategy, the research house recommended Gamuda and Sunway Construction.

Read also: HLIB sees sizeable public infrastructure projects materialising in 2H

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Elektrostal

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Elektrostal , city, Moscow oblast (province), western Russia . It lies 36 miles (58 km) east of Moscow city. The name, meaning “electric steel,” derives from the high-quality-steel industry established there soon after the October Revolution in 1917. During World War II , parts of the heavy-machine-building industry were relocated there from Ukraine, and Elektrostal is now a centre for the production of metallurgical equipment. Pop. (2006 est.) 146,189.

40 Facts About Elektrostal

Written by Lanette Mayes

Modified & Updated: 01 Jun 2024

Reviewed by Jessica Corbett

Elektrostal is a vibrant city located in the Moscow Oblast region of Russia. With a rich history, stunning architecture, and a thriving community, Elektrostal is a city that has much to offer. Whether you are a history buff, nature enthusiast, or simply curious about different cultures, Elektrostal is sure to captivate you.

This article will provide you with 40 fascinating facts about Elektrostal, giving you a better understanding of why this city is worth exploring. From its origins as an industrial hub to its modern-day charm, we will delve into the various aspects that make Elektrostal a unique and must-visit destination.

So, join us as we uncover the hidden treasures of Elektrostal and discover what makes this city a true gem in the heart of Russia.

Key Takeaways:

• Elektrostal, known as the “Motor City of Russia,” is a vibrant and growing city with a rich industrial history, offering diverse cultural experiences and a strong commitment to environmental sustainability.
• With its convenient location near Moscow, Elektrostal provides a picturesque landscape, vibrant nightlife, and a range of recreational activities, making it an ideal destination for residents and visitors alike.

Known as the “Motor City of Russia.”

Elektrostal, a city located in the Moscow Oblast region of Russia, earned the nickname “Motor City” due to its significant involvement in the automotive industry.

Home to the Elektrostal Metallurgical Plant.

Elektrostal is renowned for its metallurgical plant, which has been producing high-quality steel and alloys since its establishment in 1916.

Boasts a rich industrial heritage.

Elektrostal has a long history of industrial development, contributing to the growth and progress of the region.

Founded in 1916.

The city of Elektrostal was founded in 1916 as a result of the construction of the Elektrostal Metallurgical Plant.

Located approximately 50 kilometers east of Moscow.

Elektrostal is situated in close proximity to the Russian capital, making it easily accessible for both residents and visitors.

Known for its vibrant cultural scene.

Elektrostal is home to several cultural institutions, including museums, theaters, and art galleries that showcase the city’s rich artistic heritage.

A popular destination for nature lovers.

Surrounded by picturesque landscapes and forests, Elektrostal offers ample opportunities for outdoor activities such as hiking, camping, and birdwatching.

Hosts the annual Elektrostal City Day celebrations.

Every year, Elektrostal organizes festive events and activities to celebrate its founding, bringing together residents and visitors in a spirit of unity and joy.

Has a population of approximately 160,000 people.

Elektrostal is home to a diverse and vibrant community of around 160,000 residents, contributing to its dynamic atmosphere.

Boasts excellent education facilities.

The city is known for its well-established educational institutions, providing quality education to students of all ages.

A center for scientific research and innovation.

Elektrostal serves as an important hub for scientific research, particularly in the fields of metallurgy , materials science, and engineering.

Surrounded by picturesque lakes.

The city is blessed with numerous beautiful lakes , offering scenic views and recreational opportunities for locals and visitors alike.

Well-connected transportation system.

Elektrostal benefits from an efficient transportation network, including highways, railways, and public transportation options, ensuring convenient travel within and beyond the city.

Famous for its traditional Russian cuisine.

Food enthusiasts can indulge in authentic Russian dishes at numerous restaurants and cafes scattered throughout Elektrostal.

Home to notable architectural landmarks.

Elektrostal boasts impressive architecture, including the Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord and the Elektrostal Palace of Culture.

Offers a wide range of recreational facilities.

Residents and visitors can enjoy various recreational activities, such as sports complexes, swimming pools, and fitness centers, enhancing the overall quality of life.

Provides a high standard of healthcare.

Elektrostal is equipped with modern medical facilities, ensuring residents have access to quality healthcare services.

Home to the Elektrostal History Museum.

The Elektrostal History Museum showcases the city’s fascinating past through exhibitions and displays.

A hub for sports enthusiasts.

Elektrostal is passionate about sports, with numerous stadiums, arenas, and sports clubs offering opportunities for athletes and spectators.

Celebrates diverse cultural festivals.

Throughout the year, Elektrostal hosts a variety of cultural festivals, celebrating different ethnicities, traditions, and art forms.

Electric power played a significant role in its early development.

Elektrostal owes its name and initial growth to the establishment of electric power stations and the utilization of electricity in the industrial sector.

Boasts a thriving economy.

The city’s strong industrial base, coupled with its strategic location near Moscow, has contributed to Elektrostal’s prosperous economic status.

Houses the Elektrostal Drama Theater.

The Elektrostal Drama Theater is a cultural centerpiece, attracting theater enthusiasts from far and wide.

Popular destination for winter sports.

Elektrostal’s proximity to ski resorts and winter sport facilities makes it a favorite destination for skiing, snowboarding, and other winter activities.

Promotes environmental sustainability.

Elektrostal prioritizes environmental protection and sustainability, implementing initiatives to reduce pollution and preserve natural resources.

Home to renowned educational institutions.

Elektrostal is known for its prestigious schools and universities, offering a wide range of academic programs to students.

Committed to cultural preservation.

The city values its cultural heritage and takes active steps to preserve and promote traditional customs, crafts, and arts.

Hosts an annual International Film Festival.

The Elektrostal International Film Festival attracts filmmakers and cinema enthusiasts from around the world, showcasing a diverse range of films.

Encourages entrepreneurship and innovation.

Elektrostal supports aspiring entrepreneurs and fosters a culture of innovation, providing opportunities for startups and business development .

Offers a range of housing options.

Elektrostal provides diverse housing options, including apartments, houses, and residential complexes, catering to different lifestyles and budgets.

Home to notable sports teams.

Elektrostal is proud of its sports legacy , with several successful sports teams competing at regional and national levels.

Boasts a vibrant nightlife scene.

Residents and visitors can enjoy a lively nightlife in Elektrostal, with numerous bars, clubs, and entertainment venues.

Promotes cultural exchange and international relations.

Elektrostal actively engages in international partnerships, cultural exchanges, and diplomatic collaborations to foster global connections.

Surrounded by beautiful nature reserves.

Nearby nature reserves, such as the Barybino Forest and Luchinskoye Lake, offer opportunities for nature enthusiasts to explore and appreciate the region’s biodiversity.

Commemorates historical events.

The city pays tribute to significant historical events through memorials, monuments, and exhibitions, ensuring the preservation of collective memory.

Promotes sports and youth development.

Elektrostal invests in sports infrastructure and programs to encourage youth participation, health, and physical fitness.

Hosts annual cultural and artistic festivals.

Throughout the year, Elektrostal celebrates its cultural diversity through festivals dedicated to music, dance, art, and theater.

Provides a picturesque landscape for photography enthusiasts.

The city’s scenic beauty, architectural landmarks, and natural surroundings make it a paradise for photographers.

Connects to Moscow via a direct train line.

The convenient train connection between Elektrostal and Moscow makes commuting between the two cities effortless.

A city with a bright future.

Elektrostal continues to grow and develop, aiming to become a model city in terms of infrastructure, sustainability, and quality of life for its residents.

In conclusion, Elektrostal is a fascinating city with a rich history and a vibrant present. From its origins as a center of steel production to its modern-day status as a hub for education and industry, Elektrostal has plenty to offer both residents and visitors. With its beautiful parks, cultural attractions, and proximity to Moscow, there is no shortage of things to see and do in this dynamic city. Whether you’re interested in exploring its historical landmarks, enjoying outdoor activities, or immersing yourself in the local culture, Elektrostal has something for everyone. So, next time you find yourself in the Moscow region, don’t miss the opportunity to discover the hidden gems of Elektrostal.

Q: What is the population of Elektrostal?

A: As of the latest data, the population of Elektrostal is approximately XXXX.

Q: How far is Elektrostal from Moscow?

A: Elektrostal is located approximately XX kilometers away from Moscow.

Q: Are there any famous landmarks in Elektrostal?

A: Yes, Elektrostal is home to several notable landmarks, including XXXX and XXXX.

Q: What industries are prominent in Elektrostal?

A: Elektrostal is known for its steel production industry and is also a center for engineering and manufacturing.

Q: Are there any universities or educational institutions in Elektrostal?

A: Yes, Elektrostal is home to XXXX University and several other educational institutions.

Q: What are some popular outdoor activities in Elektrostal?

A: Elektrostal offers several outdoor activities, such as hiking, cycling, and picnicking in its beautiful parks.

Q: Is Elektrostal well-connected in terms of transportation?

A: Yes, Elektrostal has good transportation links, including trains and buses, making it easily accessible from nearby cities.

Q: Are there any annual events or festivals in Elektrostal?

A: Yes, Elektrostal hosts various events and festivals throughout the year, including XXXX and XXXX.

Elektrostal's fascinating history, vibrant culture, and promising future make it a city worth exploring. For more captivating facts about cities around the world, discover the unique characteristics that define each city . Uncover the hidden gems of Moscow Oblast through our in-depth look at Kolomna. Lastly, dive into the rich industrial heritage of Teesside, a thriving industrial center with its own story to tell.

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Geographic coordinates of Elektrostal, Moscow Oblast, Russia

Coordinates of elektrostal in decimal degrees, coordinates of elektrostal in degrees and decimal minutes, utm coordinates of elektrostal, geographic coordinate systems.

WGS 84 coordinate reference system is the latest revision of the World Geodetic System, which is used in mapping and navigation, including GPS satellite navigation system (the Global Positioning System).

Geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude) define a position on the Earth’s surface. Coordinates are angular units. The canonical form of latitude and longitude representation uses degrees (°), minutes (′), and seconds (″). GPS systems widely use coordinates in degrees and decimal minutes, or in decimal degrees.

Latitude varies from −90° to 90°. The latitude of the Equator is 0°; the latitude of the South Pole is −90°; the latitude of the North Pole is 90°. Positive latitude values correspond to the geographic locations north of the Equator (abbrev. N). Negative latitude values correspond to the geographic locations south of the Equator (abbrev. S).

Longitude is counted from the prime meridian ( IERS Reference Meridian for WGS 84) and varies from −180° to 180°. Positive longitude values correspond to the geographic locations east of the prime meridian (abbrev. E). Negative longitude values correspond to the geographic locations west of the prime meridian (abbrev. W).

UTM or Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system divides the Earth’s surface into 60 longitudinal zones. The coordinates of a location within each zone are defined as a planar coordinate pair related to the intersection of the equator and the zone’s central meridian, and measured in meters.

Elevation above sea level is a measure of a geographic location’s height. We are using the global digital elevation model GTOPO30 .

Elektrostal , Moscow Oblast, Russia

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I Knew Diddy for Years. What I Now Remember Haunts Me.

Looking back on my life as a woman in the music industry, I’m unsettled by the inescapable sexism perpetrated by Sean Combs and others.

Credit... Artwork by David Samuel Stern

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By Danyel Smith

• Published July 12, 2024 Updated July 17, 2024

A thing happened between Sean Combs and me. Unlike what he has been accused of over the last eight months, what occurred between us was not sexual. It was professional — demonstrative of the way dynamic and domineering men moved in our heyday. Combs and I worked together a lot. Competed, in our way. So often I thought I came out on top. I was mistaken. I had reason to fear for my life. What happened was insidious. It broke my brain. I forgot the worst of it for 27 years.

Listen to this article, read by Janina Edwards

It was July 1997. In the fading smoke of the murders of Tupac Shakur and the Notorious B.I.G., I was named editor in chief of a music magazine called Vibe. Started by Quincy Jones and Time Inc. in 1992, the magazine chronicled Black music and culture with rigor and beauty, 10 issues a year, for an audience that was relentlessly underserved. When I took over, we thought hip-hop might have died with our heroes, and we were determined not only to keep it alive but also to give it the cultural credit it was due.

Hip-hop was both in mourning and in marketing meetings. Combs, Biggie’s creative partner and label boss, was the personification of this dichotomy. His Bad Boy Records was having a $100 million year — much due to the work of Biggie and Mase, as well as Combs’s own debut album, “No Way Out,” which was anchored by the blockbuster Biggie tribute “I’ll Be Missing You” featuring Faith Evans. Other singles, “It’s All About the Benjamins” and “Been Around the World,” functioned as a score for hip-hop’s megawatt moment — its commercial evolution and international expansion. (“No Way Out” would go on to sell over seven million copies.) So I wanted Combs on the cover of Vibe’s December 1997/January 1998 double issue. And I wanted him to wear white feathered wings.

My point of reference was the poster for “Heaven Can Wait,” a 1978 film starring Warren Beatty. The movie is about a quarterback who dies before his time and is reincarnated as an idiosyncratic and callous billionaire. Vibe’s working cover line for Sacha Jenkins’s article was “The Good, the Bad and the Puffy.” Not so elegant, but it would work if the fashion director Emil Wilbekin and I got Combs (then known as Puffy, or Puff Daddy) to put on the angel wings. And if we also got a shot that looked even slightly mischievous, we could do a split run of the cover — one with heavenly signifiers and another with hellish ones. Possible cover line: “Bad Boy, Bad Boy, Whatcha Gonna Do?”

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