current research topics in diabetes

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Diabetes articles from across Nature Portfolio

Diabetes describes a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood sugar levels. Diabetes can be caused by the pancreas not producing insulin (type 1 diabetes) or by insulin resistance (cells do not respond to insulin; type 2 diabetes).

Genetics brings new insight to β-cell function

A meta-analysis of genome-wide association study for eight traits related to pancreatic β-cell function, based on 26,000 individuals, identified 55 independent association signals mapping to 44 loci. This study highlighted new effectors of β-cell function.

• Amélie Bonnefond
• Philippe Froguel

Smart insulin switches itself off in response to low blood sugar

Scientists have engineered a modified insulin that reduces its activity at low glucose levels. This glucose-responsive insulin could prevent people with diabetes from experiencing dangerously low blood glucose.

• David B. Sacks

Parsing the spectrum of allelic architectures in diabetes

Distinguishing ordinary diabetes from its monogenic forms has been one of the challenges in optimally managing the disease. Using high-quality imputation of rare variants and large databases, a study now defines the gray zone between the two and lays down a blueprint for objectively evaluating the related variants.

• Constantin Polychronakos

Related Subjects

• Diabetes complications
• Diabetes insipidus
• Gestational diabetes
• Type 1 diabetes
• Type 2 diabetes

Latest Research and Reviews

Diabetic microvascular complications among adults with type 2 diabetes in adama, central ethiopia.

• Yohannes Mekuria Negussie
• Midekso Sento
• Nesra Mohammed Fati

Sleep restriction exacerbates cardiac dysfunction in diabetic mice by causing cardiomyocyte death and fibrosis through mitochondrial damage

• Jingyi Zhang
• Qingfeng Du

The effect of adding pancreatin to standard otilinium bromide and simethicone treatment in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with irritable bowel syndrome

• Hulusi Can Karpuzcu
• Beril Turan Erdoğan
• Çağdaş Erdoğan

Gestational diabetes exacerbates intrauterine microbial exposure induced intestinal microbiota change in offspring contributing to increased immune response

• Juncheng Liu

Genetic architecture of oral glucose-stimulated insulin release provides biological insights into type 2 diabetes aetiology

In a genome-wide association study for traits related to pancreatic beta-cell function in 26,000 individuals, 55 independent associations mapping to 44 genetic loci are identified.

• A. L. Madsen
• S. Bonàs-Guarch

Association of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in CVD patients with diabetes or pre-diabetes

• Daoquan Peng

News and Comment

‘Smart’ insulin prevents diabetic highs — and deadly lows

In animals, the molecule automatically reduced blood-sugar levels without causing them to dip too much.

Stem cells reverse woman’s diabetes — a world first

Patient is the first person with type 1 diabetes to receive this kind of transplant.

• Smriti Mallapaty

Brain goop that traps hunger neurons drives obesity

A mechanism for metabolic disease is traced to a defective cellular scaffolding that holds together the brain’s hunger cells.

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The following represent additions to UpToDate from the past six months that were considered by the editors and authors to be of particular interest. The most recent What's New entries are at the top of each subsection.

ADRENAL DISORDERS

Crinecerfont for classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (August 2024)

Crinecerfont, an oral antagonist to the CRF type 1 receptor, is in development as adjunctive therapy for patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD CAH). In randomized trials in almost 300 children and adults with 21-OHD CAH managed with supraphysiologic glucocorticoid doses, participants assigned to crinecerfont had more effective suppression of androstenedione compared with placebo [ 1,2 ]. By trial end (24 to 28 weeks), participants taking crinecerfont achieved a greater reduction in glucocorticoid dose compared to placebo while maintaining androstenedione below mean baseline levels. Additional data are needed to determine optimal dosing and approach to adjustment of glucocorticoid doses for patients treated with crinecerfont. (See "Treatment of classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency in infants and children" and "Treatment of classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency in adults" .)

DIABETES MELLITUS

Investigational once-weekly basal insulin therapy (insulin efsitora) for diabetes management (October 2024)

Insulin efsitora alfa is an investigational, ultra-long-acting insulin. In a trial comparing once-weekly insulin efsitora with once-daily insulin degludec in 928 insulin-naïve adults with type 2 diabetes, mean change in A1C after 52 weeks was similar in both groups (-1.26 and -1.17 percentage points, respectively) [ 3 ]. Clinically significant (glucose <54 mg/dL [<3 mmol/L]) or severe hypoglycemia was infrequent and did not differ between treatments. In a parallel trial comparing insulin efsitora with insulin degludec in 692 adults with type 1 diabetes, the mean change in A1C after 26 weeks was comparable between groups (-0.51 and -0.56 percentage points, respectively) [ 4 ]. More participants in the efsitora group experienced severe hypoglycemia (10 versus 3 percent with degludec). Additional trials will help inform the potential clinical utility of insulin efsitora in the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. (See "General principles of insulin therapy in diabetes mellitus", section on 'Basal insulin analogs' .)

A1C values underestimate blood glucose in G6PD deficiency (September 2024)

Glycated hemoglobin (A1C) estimates average blood glucose over time. When red blood cell turnover increases, as in hemolytic anemias, there is less time for hemoglobin to be glycosylated, and the A1C underestimates glycemia. In a cohort study that evaluated nearly 4000 patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and nearly 20,000 matched controls with similar fasting blood glucose values, individuals with G6PD deficiency had lower mean A1C levels, were less likely to have A1C ≥6.5, and, if they had diabetes, were less likely to be prescribed diabetes medications and more likely to have complications of diabetes [ 5 ]. These findings reinforce the importance of using other measures of glycemia in individuals with any type of hemolytic anemia. (See "Diagnosis and management of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency", section on 'Underestimation of blood glucose by HbA1C' .)

Fenofibrate therapy and diabetic retinopathy progression (August 2024)

In a trial in 1151 adults with mild diabetic retinopathy (median triglyceride level 137 mg/dL, mean A1C 8.2 percent), participants who were randomly assigned to treatment with fenofibrate 145 mg daily had a lower rate of progression to referable retinopathy or maculopathy over a median follow-up of four years compared with those assigned to placebo (22.7 versus 29.2 percent, respectively) [ 6 ]. Fenofibrate therapy also reduced the incidence of macular edema. These protective effects were evident despite only an approximately 15 percent mean reduction in serum triglycerides. There was no effect on visual function or visual acuity. The main adverse effect of fenofibrate was a modest decline in estimate glomerular filtration rate. These findings add to the evidence reporting a reduction in retinopathy progression with fenofibrate and suggest benefit independent of triglyceride lowering. (See "Diabetic retinopathy: Prevention and treatment", section on 'Lipid-lowering therapy' .)

No reduction in diabetic retinopathy incidence with omega-3 fatty acid supplementation (June 2024)

Omega-3 fatty acids have shown protective effects in preclinical models of diabetic retinopathy. However, in a primary prevention cardiovascular outcome trial that randomly assigned 15,480 adults with diabetes to treatment with omega-3 fatty acids (1 mg daily) or placebo, no association was found between omega-3 fatty acid treatment and the incidence of referable retinopathy or maculopathy over 6.5 years of follow-up [ 7 ]. These findings argue against additive benefit of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation to glycemic and blood pressure management for retinopathy prevention. (See "Diabetic retinopathy: Prevention and treatment", section on 'Prevention' .)

Subcutaneous semaglutide and risk of kidney disease progression in type 2 diabetes (June 2024)

In a trial evaluating subcutaneous semaglutide (1 mg weekly) versus placebo in over 3500 adults with type 2 diabetes (mean age 67 years, mean A1C 7.8 percent) and chronic kidney disease (CKD; mean estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] 47 mL/min/1.73 m 2 with median urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio of 567 mg/g), semaglutide reduced the incidence of major kidney events (a composite of kidney failure onset, ≥50 percent reduction in eGFR from baseline, or kidney- or cardiovascular-related mortality) [ 8 ]. Benefits were observed specifically for reduction in eGFR from baseline and cardiovascular mortality. These findings further support the use of semaglutide in people with type 2 diabetes and CKD, particularly when substantial glucose and/or body weight lowering are major goals of care. (See "Management of persistent hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus", section on 'Our approach' and "Glucagon-like peptide 1-based therapies for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus", section on 'Microvascular outcomes' .)

Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist use and thyroid cancer risk (April 2024)

Preclinical studies suggest that glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists may increase risk of thyroid neoplasia, but whether clinical use of these agents increases thyroid cancer risk is uncertain. A recent cohort study evaluated thyroid cancer incidence in individuals initiating treatment with a GLP-1 receptor agonist (predominantly liraglutide and semaglutide ) compared with a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DDP-4) inhibitor. After a mean follow-up of 3.9 years, GLP-1 receptor agonist use was not associated with an increased risk of any thyroid cancer or medullary thyroid cancer [ 9 ]. DPP-4 inhibitors raise endogenous GLP-1 levels and therefore may not be an optimal comparator. Until more data are available, this study does not change our practice of avoiding GLP-1-based therapies in individuals with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid cancer or multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A or 2B. (See "Glucagon-like peptide 1-based therapies for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus", section on 'Other' .)

Extended-interval intravitreal aflibercept dosing for diabetic macular edema (April 2024)

For individuals with diabetic macular edema (DME) and impaired visual acuity, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors are often used as initial therapy. However, anti-VEGF therapy requires repeated intravitreal injections, contributing to nonadherence and undertreatment. In a 48-week trial of aflibercept in 660 adults (mean age 62 years) with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and center-involved DME, participants were randomly assigned to one of the following regimens after completing initial monthly dosing: 2 mg every 8 weeks (standard dosing), 8 mg every 12 weeks, or 8 mg every 16 weeks [ 10 ]. Improvement in visual acuity was similar among treatment groups (mean change +9.2, +8.8, and +7.9 letters, respectively). In individuals with center-involved DME,higher doses of aflibercept at extended intervals appear effective and may substantially reduce treatment burden. (See "Diabetic retinopathy: Prevention and treatment", section on 'Anti-VEGF agents' .)

FEMALE REPRODUCTION

Inositol appears ineffective for metabolic and endocrine outcomes in polycystic ovary syndrome (June 2024)

Inositol, in particular myo-inositol (MI), has been suggested as a potential therapy to improve insulin sensitivity and ovulation in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. However, evidence to date does not support its use. In a systematic review and meta-analysis of five trials comparing MI to placebo, combined estrogen-progestin oral contraceptives, or MI with folic acid , no significant improvements in anthropometric (body mass index), metabolic (fasting insulin, fasting glucose, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance), or hormonal (luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, estradiol, serum androgens) measurements were observed [ 11 ]. (See "Treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome in adults", section on 'Ovulation induction medications' .)

Risk of suicide attempts in polycystic ovary syndrome (June 2024)

Depression and anxiety are common comorbidities in females with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS may also be associated with an increased risk for suicide attempts, as reported in a longitudinal national registry study of PCOS patients and controls matched for age, psychiatric diagnoses, and socioeconomic status [ 12 ]. After 1 to 15 years of follow-up, PCOS patients had a higher rate of suicide attempts (3.0 versus 0.3 percent in controls). Although concerning, the quality of the evidence is low and should therefore be interpreted with caution. (See "Clinical manifestations of polycystic ovary syndrome in adults", section on 'Mood disorders' .)

Premature ovarian insufficiency and impaired sexual function (June 2024)

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) has been associated with impaired sexual function. In a meta-analysis of five studies in 352 females with POI, sexual function, measured using the Female Sexual Function Index, was significantly lower than in females without POI [ 13 ]. Systemic estrogen therapy was not associated with an improvement in sexual function. Dyspareunia was a common symptom in the POI group, but the impact of vaginal estrogen, an effective therapy for dyspareunia and other aspects of sexual health, was not addressed. (See "Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of primary ovarian insufficiency (premature ovarian failure)", section on 'Sexual health' .)

Bariatric surgery, ovulation, and polycystic ovary syndrome (June 2024)

Anovulatory infertility and obesity are common in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In a randomized trial comparing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with medical therapy ( metformin and/or orlistat ) in 80 patients with PCOS and body mass index ≥35 kg/m 2 , those assigned to surgery had 2.5 times more biochemically confirmed spontaneous ovulatory events and a healthier cardiometabolic and anthropometric profile at 52 weeks; however, they remained oligo-ovulatory [ 14 ]. Although these findings support use of bariatric surgery as a possible option for treating anovulatory infertility in patients with PCOS who cannot lose weight through behavior or medical therapy alone, limitations include nonuse of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) agonists, which are currently the preferred medical therapy of PCOS, and lack of information about subsequent pregnancy rates. (See "Outcomes of bariatric surgery", section on 'Polycystic ovary syndrome' .)

THYROID DISORDERS

Motorized rotating needle for fine-needle aspiration of thyroid nodules (October 2024)

A motorized rotating needle device has regulatory approval in the United States for soft tissue biopsy. There are now retrospective data using this device for thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy. Compared with conventional FNA, FNA with the motorized rotating needle was associated with fewer passes to obtain an adequate sample and a lower nondiagnostic rate (2 versus 10 percent) [ 15 ]. Additional data will help inform the potential clinical utility of this device. (See "Thyroid biopsy", section on 'Other techniques' .)

Potassium iodide for the treatment of thyroid storm (July 2024)

Iodine-containing solutions have traditionally been used to treat thyroid storm since iodine blocks the release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland within hours. In a retrospective analysis of a Japanese database, use of potassium iodide (KI) within two days of hospital admission for thyroid storm was associated with reduced length of stay and reduced costs compared with nonuse [ 16 ]. Although there was no difference in mortality overall, the subgroup with Graves' disease had reduced mortality (2.8 versus 5.8 percent). Since the etiology of the thyrotoxicosis is frequently uncertain at the time of treatment, we administer KI one hour after the initiation of thionamides; this approach prevents the iodine from being used as substrate for new hormone synthesis in patients subsequently diagnosed with toxic adenoma or toxic multinodular goiter. (See "Thyroid storm", section on 'Iodine' .)

Decision analyses for selecting thyroid nodules for fine needle aspiration biopsy (July 2024)

The analysis of thyroid nodules for likelihood of malignancy using the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging, Reporting, and Data System (ACR-TIRADS) and others seems quantitative, but these approaches suffer from extensive interobserver variability. In a retrospective study, the addition of an artificial intelligence (AI) decision support system for radiologists interpreting thyroid ultrasounds improved sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and interobserver variability compared with unassisted ultrasound review [ 17 ]. With the AI system, 80 percent of nodules initially classified as ACR-TIRADS 3 ( table 1 ) were reclassified into a lower risk category, thereby eliminating the need for fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA). Pending further validation, this approach holds promise for improving existing methods to select patients for FNA. (See "Diagnostic approach to and treatment of thyroid nodules in adults", section on 'Sonographic criteria for FNA' .)

Selection of therapy for Graves' hyperthyroidism (June 2024)

There are three effective treatment options for Graves' disease: antithyroid drugs (thionamides), radioiodine, and surgery ( table 2 ). Selection of therapy is generally based upon individual patient factors (eg, severity of hyperthyroidism, older age) as well as patient values and preferences. In a 2023 global survey of endocrinologists, 91.5 percent of respondents preferred antithyroid drugs, 7 percent radioiodine, and 1.5 percent surgery [ 18 ]. In the United States, the preference for radioiodine declined from 60 to 11 percent of clinicians between 2012 and 2023. The decline in selection of radioiodine treatment may be related to patient preference to avoid hypothyroidism, patient fears regarding radiation exposure, and the association of radioiodine with worsening thyroid eye disease. (See "Graves' hyperthyroidism in nonpregnant adults: Overview of treatment", section on 'Treatment options' .)

Epidemiology of myxedema coma in the United States (May 2024)

Myxedema coma is a rare presentation of hypothyroidism. A 2024 analysis of a national inpatient database in the United States provides new information on the epidemiology and prognosis of myxedema coma [ 19 ]. The estimated incidence in the United States is 2.6 cases per million persons per year. The estimated in-hospital mortality was 6.8 percent, compared with 0.7 percent for patients hospitalized for hypothyroidism without myxedema coma. This mortality rate is substantially lower than prior mortality estimates, which ranged from 30 to 50 percent. The reason for the lower mortality rate in this analysis is uncertain but may be related to inclusion of patients with less severe myxedema coma or to recent improvements in intensive care unit management. (See "Myxedema coma", section on 'Prognosis' .)

Selenium deficiency and autoimmune thyroid disease (April 2024)

Selenium deficiency has been shown to exacerbate autoimmune thyroid disease. Reports of selenium supplementation for the treatment of Hashimoto thyroiditis are conflicting. In a recent meta-analysis evaluating selenium supplementation in individuals from selenium-deficient regions (eg, Europe and Asia) with Hashimoto thyroiditis, there was a reduction in thyroid-stimulating hormone in patients who were not receiving thyroid hormone replacement (seven trials; standard mean difference -0.21) [ 20 ]. This modest benefit is likely restricted to people from selenium-deficient regions of the world. In the United States, the soil in most states is rich in selenium, suggesting selenium deficiency is rare. (See "Treatment of primary hypothyroidism in adults", section on 'Selenium deficiency' .)

OTHER ENDOCRINOLOGY

Palopegteriparatide for the treatment of hypoparathyroidism (August 2024)

Palopegteriparatide , a long-acting prodrug of PTH (1-34), received regulatory approval in the United States for the treatment of hypoparathyroidism [ 21 ]. In double-blind, randomized trials of palopegteriparatide, the addition of the prodrug reduced supplemental calcium and calcitriol requirements compared with placebo [ 22-24 ]. In addition, there was a decrease in 24-hour urinary calcium and improvement in kidney function and quality-of-life scores. Palopegteriparatide is an option for adults with chronic hypoparathyroidism who cannot maintain stable serum and urinary calcium levels with conventional therapy (calcium and active vitamin D). It may be preferred to teriparatide due to its longer half-life and once daily administration. Depending on cost concerns, however, teriparatide would be a reasonable alternative. (See "Hypoparathyroidism", section on 'PTH-based therapies' .)

• Sarafoglou K, Kim MS, Lodish M, et al. Phase 3 Trial of Crinecerfont in Pediatric Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia. N Engl J Med 2024; 391:493.
• Auchus RJ, Hamidi O, Pivonello R, et al. Phase 3 Trial of Crinecerfont in Adult Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia. N Engl J Med 2024; 391:504.
• Wysham C, Bajaj HS, Del Prato S, et al. Insulin Efsitora versus Degludec in Type 2 Diabetes without Previous Insulin Treatment. N Engl J Med 2024.
• Bergenstal RM, Philis-Tsimikas A, Wysham C, et al. Once-weekly insulin efsitora alfa: Design and rationale for the QWINT phase 3 clinical development programme. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:3020.
• Israel A, Raz I, Vinker S, et al. Type 2 Diabetes in Patients with G6PD Deficiency. N Engl J Med 2024; 391:568.
• Preiss D, Logue J, Sammons E, et al. Effect of Fenofibrate on Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy. NEJM Evid 2024; 3:EVIDoa2400179.
• Sammons EL, Buck G, Bowman LJ, et al. ASCEND-Eye: Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Diabetic Retinopathy. Ophthalmology 2024; 131:526.
• Perkovic V, Tuttle KR, Rossing P, et al. Effects of Semaglutide on Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med 2024; 391:109.
• Pasternak B, Wintzell V, Hviid A, et al. Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist use and risk of thyroid cancer: Scandanavian cohort study. BMJ 2024; 385:e078225.
• Brown DM, Boyer DS, Do DV, et al. Intravitreal aflibercept 8 mg in diabetic macular oedema (PHOTON): 48-week results from a randomised, double-masked, non-inferiority, phase 2/3 trial. Lancet 2024; 403:1153.
• Fitz V, Graca S, Mahalingaiah S, et al. Inositol for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis to Inform the 2023 Update of the International Evidence-based PCOS Guidelines. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:1630.
• Hsu TW, Kao YC, Tsai SJ, et al. Suicide Attempts After a Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome : A Cohort Study. Ann Intern Med 2024; 177:335.
• van Zwol-Janssens C, Pastoor H, Laven JSE, et al. Sexual function in women with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI): Systematic review and meta-analysis. Maturitas 2024; 184:107994.
• Samarasinghe SNS, Leca B, Alabdulkader S, et al. Bariatric surgery for spontaneous ovulation in women living with polycystic ovary syndrome: the BAMBINI multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2024; 403:2489.
• Verma A, McDowell R, Porreca A. Fine Needle Aspiration Versus the CytoCore® Motorized Rotating Needle Device for Thyroid Nodule Biopsies: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Acta Cytol 2024; :1.
• Matsuo Y, Miyawaki A, Watanabe H, et al. Potassium Iodide Use and Patient Outcomes for Thyroid Storm: An Observational Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024.
• Fernández Velasco P, Pérez López P, Torres Torres B, et al. Clinical Evaluation of an Artificial Intelligence-Based Decision Support System for the Diagnosis and American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System Classification of Thyroid Nodules. Thyroid 2024; 34:510.
• Villagelin D, Cooper DS, Burch HB. A 2023 International Survey of Clinical Practice Patterns in the Management of Graves' Disease: A Decade of Change. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024.
• Chen DH, Hurtado CR, Chang P, et al. Clinical Features and Outcomes of Myxedema Coma in Patients Hospitalized for Hypothyroidism: Analysis of the United States National Inpatient Sample. Thyroid 2024; 34:419.
• Huwiler VV, Maissen-Abgottspon S, Stanga Z, et al. Selenium Supplementation in Patients with Hashimoto Thyroiditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Thyroid 2024; 34:295.
• https://www.fda.gov/drugs/news-events-human-drugs/fda-approves-new-drug-hypoparathyroidism-rare-disorder (Accessed on August 28, 2024).
• Khan AA, Rejnmark L, Rubin M, et al. PaTH Forward: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 2 Trial of TransCon PTH in Adult Hypoparathyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e372.
• Khan AA, Rubin MR, Schwarz P, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Parathyroid Hormone Replacement With TransCon PTH in Hypoparathyroidism: 26-Week Results From the Phase 3 PaTHway Trial. J Bone Miner Res 2023; 38:14.
• Rejnmark L, Gosmanova EO, Khan AA, et al. Palopegteriparatide Treatment Improves Renal Function in Adults with Chronic Hypoparathyroidism: 1-Year Results from the Phase 3 PaTHway Trial. Adv Ther 2024; 41:2500.

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Research Summaries

Keep up with CDC's latest diabetes and diabetes-related studies with these brief overviews. Each summary provides main points, methods, and findings and includes a link to the article.

Research summaries

How People with Type 2 Diabetes Can Live Longer

Diabetes Education Linked to Better Care

Treatments for Diabetes Eye Complications

Mental Health for Kids and Teens With Diabetes

Cost of Diabetes Complications for Medicare Beneficiaries

Diabetes in Young People Is on the Rise

Additional 12 Million US Adults Eligible for Diabetes Screening

Trends in Diabetes Among Young People

Use of New Diabetes Medicines

Kidney Failure and Diabetes

Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects how your body turns food into energy. About 1 in 10 Americans has diabetes.

For Everyone

Health care providers, public health.

New Report Highlights Diabetes Research Advances and Achievements

Today, the American Diabetes Association® (ADA) released its 2023 Research Report , highlighting investments in advancing diabetes research and clinical practice. ADA research grants focused on innovative projects with high impact and helped researchers establish collaborative networks to move their innovations into the hands of people living with diabetes.

“Research at the ADA is the engine that drives clinical advances by catapulting them into practice. 2023 has brought many prominent achievements. We are incredibly proud of our legacy of highlighting science and eager to build on this research to move even closer to a world free of diabetes and all its burdens,” said Charles “Chuck” Henderson, the ADA’s chief executive officer.

The report highlights include:

• Support behavioral and mental health of people with diabetes
• Tackle the epidemic of youth-onset type 2 diabetes
• Improve the lives of women living with diabetes
• Increased investment in early career researchers by expanding funding opportunities for postdoctoral fellowship awards to ensure these researchers can stay within the field of diabetes.
• Takeaways from the 2023 Scientific Sessions, where researchers from all over the world shared the latest progress and study results with the global diabetes community.
• Identify and address disparities in access and outcomes for Hispanic/Latino communities
• Implement virtual interventions for those living with type 1 diabetes
• Improve outcomes for the deaf community through specially designed diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES)

In addition, the report provides an update on the Pathway to Stop Diabetes® (Pathway) program, which pairs talented early-career scientists with mentorship from world-renowned diabetes scientists to drive research innovation free from traditional project constraints. This year, through the Pathway program, ADA dedicated over $4.8 million dollars in new grant funding to support breakthroughs in translation and clinical science, technology, care, and potential cures in the field of diabetes.

To learn more about the ADA’s research findings and ongoing areas of study, visit professional.diabetes.org .

About the American Diabetes Association The American Diabetes Association (ADA) is the nation’s leading voluntary health organization fighting to bend the curve on the diabetes epidemic and help people living with diabetes thrive. For 83 years, the ADA has driven discovery and research to treat, manage, and prevent diabetes while working relentlessly for a cure. Through advocacy, program development, and education we aim to improve the quality of life for the over 136 million Americans living with diabetes or prediabetes. Diabetes has brought us together. What we do next will make us Connected for Life ® . To learn more or to get involved, visit us at  diabetes.org  or call 1-800-DIABETES (1-800-342-2383). Join the fight with us on Facebook ( American Diabetes Association ), Spanish Facebook ( Asociación Americana de la Diabetes ), LinkedIn ( American Diabetes Association ), Twitter ( @AmDiabetesAssn ), and Instagram ( @AmDiabetesAssn ). 

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