case study class 10 science chapter 3

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Case Study Chapter 3 Metals and Non-Metals

Please refer to Chapter 3 Metals and Non-Metals Case Study Questions with answers provided below. We have provided Case Study Questions for Class 10 Science for all chapters as per CBSE, NCERT and KVS examination guidelines. These case based questions are expected to come in your exams this year. Please practise these case study based Class 10 Science Questions and answers to get more marks in examinations.

Case Study Questions Chapter 3 Metals and Non-Metals

Case/Passage – 1

Metals are electropositive elements. They can easily lose electrons to form ions. Metals show distinguished physical as well as chemical properties. Generally most of the metals are ductile and malleable with exception such as mercury. These properties make them valuable for commercial as well as domestic uses. Reaction of a metal with water is one of important chemical property. Metals like sodium and potassium reacts with cold water while magnesium reacts with hot water. Metals like aluminium, zinc do not react with hot/cold water but they easily react with steam. When a metal react with hot/cold water the products are metal hydroxide and hydrogen,and when it react with steam, the product are metal oxide and hydrogen. Some metals like sodium, potassium react violently with water.

Question: When zinc reacts with steam it produces: (a) Zn(OH) 2 (b) ZnO (c) O 2 (d) ZnO 2

Question: During the reaction of calcium with water, pieces of metal start floating due to the formation of: (a) Ca(OH) 2 (b) CO2 (c) H 2 (d) none of these

Question: Consider the reactions: Na(s) + H 2 O (l) → NaOH (aq) + H2 (g) ……….(i) Ca(s) + H 2 O (l) → Ca(OH) 2 (aq) + H 2 (g) ………(ii) (a) Reaction (i) is endothermic reaction. (b) Reaction (ii) is endothermic reaction. (c) Reaction (ii) is more exothermic than reaction (i). (d) Reaction (i) is more exothermic than reaction (ii).

Question: Most ductile metal among the following is: (a) Au (b) Ag (c) Cu (d) Al

Question: Metals can be converted into thin sheet by hammering.This property is known as: (a) Ductility (b) Sonorous (c) Malleability (d) Both (a) and (c)

Case/Passage – 2

Elements can be classified as metals or non-metals on the basis of their properties. The easiest way to start grouping substances is by comparing their physical properties. Metals, in their pure state, have a shining surface. This property is called metallic luster. metals are generally hard. The hardness varies from metal to metal. some metals are used for making cooking vessels.

Question: The most abundant metal in the earth’s crust is – (a) iron (b) copper (c) aluminium (d) mercury

Question: The metal that reacts with cold water is – (a) mercury (b) sodium (c) zinc (d)tungsten

Question: Metal present in chloroplast is (a) Iron (b) Copper (c) Magnesium (d) Cobalt

Question: Metals generally are (a) reducing agents (b) oxidising agent (c) both oxidising and reducing agents (d) None of these

Question: Which of the following metal(s) catch fire on reaction with water? (a) Sodium (b) Potassium (c) Magnesium (d) both (a) and (b)

Case/Passage – 3

The huge annual loss due to corrosion is a national waste and should be minimized. Following are some methods which are helpful to prevent corrosion

(i) Coating the iron surface with paint or oil or grease prevents moist oxygen from coming in contact with the metal and thus effectively prevents rusting of iron. (ii) Galvanisation : Iron is blasted with fine sand to make the surface rough dipped in molten zinc and then cooled. A thin layer of zinc forms on the iron surface. Since zinc is more reactive than iron, it acts as a sacrificial metal and is preferentially oxidised thus preventing oxidation of iron. (iii) Electroplating with tin, nickel or chromium also prevents rusting. (iv) Alloying (mixing iron in its molten state with other metals) prevents rusting. Stainless steel is an alloy of iron with Cr or Ni.

Question: The most convenient method to protect the bottom of ship made of iron is : (a) coating it with red lead oxide. (b) white tin plating. (c) connecting it with Mg block. (d) connecting it with Pb block.

Question: The best way to prevent rusting of iron is : (a) making it cathode (b) putting in saline water (c) both of these (d) none of these

Question: The most durable metal plating on iron to protect against corrosion is : (a) nickel plating (b) copper plating (c) tin plating (d) zinc plating

Case/Passage – 4

Some metals are chemically very reactive, whereas others are less reactive or unreactive. On the basis of vigourness of reactions of various metals with oxygen, water and acids, as well as displacement reactions, the metals have been arranged in a group or series according to their chemical reactivity. The arrangement of metals in a vertical column in the order of decreasing reactivities is called reactivity series of metals (or activity series of metals). In reactivity series, the most reactive metal is placed at the top whereas the least reactive metal is placed at the bottom. As we come down in the series, the chemical reactivity of metals decreases. Since the metals placed at the bottom of the reactivity series (like silver and gold) are less reactive, so they are usually found in free state (native state) in nature.

Question: Copper sulphate solution can be safely kept in a container made of : (a) aluminium (b) lead (c) silver (d) zinc

Question: When metal Z is added to dilute HCl solution, there is no evolution of gas. Metal is : (a) K (b) Na (c) Ag (d) Zn

Question: Metal always found in free state is : (a) gold (b) silver (c) copper (d) sodium

Case Study Chapter 3 Metals and Non-Metals

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Case Study Questions Class 10 Science Metals and Nonmetals

Case study questions class 10 science chapter 3 metals and nonmetals.

CBSE Class 10 Case Study Questions Science Metals and Nonmetals. Important Case Study Questions for Class 10 Board Exam Students. Here we have arranged some Important Case Base Questions for students who are searching for Paragraph Based Questions Metals and Nonmetals.

CBSE Case Based Questions Class 10 Science Chemistry Chapter 3

Ores mined from the earth are usually contaminated with large amounts of impurities such as soil, sand, etc., called gangue. The impurities must be removed from the ore prior to the extraction of the metal. The processes Several steps are involved in the extraction of pure metal from ores.Metals and Non-metalsused for removing the gangue from the ore are based on the differences between the physical or chemical properties of the gangue and the ore. Different separation techniques are accordingly employed.

Ans: Oxides of these metals are reduced to metal by simply heating.

Ans: 2Cu2O + 3O2+ heat 👉 2Cu2O(s) + 2SO2(g)

CASE STUDY 2 Metals and Nonmetals

Ans: The metal oxides are reduced to corresponding metal by simply using suitable reducing agents such as coke(carbon).

iv) Name some other reducing agent which can be used to extract metal from metal oxide?

CASE STUDY : 3 on Metals and Nonmetals

Iron when exposed to moist air for a long time acquires a coating of a brown flaky substance called rust. Let us find out the conditions under which iron rusts.

iv) What is meant by Galvanization?

Ans:It is a method of protecting steel and iron from rusting by coating them with a thin layer of zinc.

Ans: Mg(s) + HCl(aq) 👉 MgCl2 + H2(g)

Ans: It is a freshly prepared mixture of concentrated HCl and Conc. Nitric acid in the ratio of 3:1. It is highly corrosive and fuming liquid.

Ans- Al2O3 + 6HCl 👉 2AlCl3 + 3H2O

Ans: Sodium Oxide and potassium oxide.

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter Wise Important Case Study Questions

Chapter wise important case study questions cbse class 10 science: cbse class 10 science board exam 2024 is just around the corner and students are working hard to score maximum marks. check these case study questions from class 10 science to ace your examination this year also download the solutions from the pdf attached towards the end. .

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter Wise Important Case Study Questions: While the CBSE Board exam for Class 10 students are ongoing, the CBSE Class 10 Science board exam 2024 is to be held on March 2, 2024. With the exams just a few days away, CBSE Class 10th Board exam candidates are rushing to prepare the remaining syllabus, practising their weak portions, trying to revise the important questions from the past year papers, practise questions, etc.

Why are CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study Questions Important?

Section A : 20 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) carrying 1 mark each.
Section B : 6 Very Short Answer type questions carrying 2 marks each. Answers to these questions should be in the range of 30 to 50 words.
Section C : 7 Short Answer type questions carrying 3 marks each. Answers to these questions should be in the range of 50 to 80 words.
Section D : 3 Long Answer type questions carrying 5 marks each. Answers to these questions should be in the range of 80 to 120 words.
Section E : 3 Case Based/ Source Based units of assessment (4 marks each) with sub-parts.

How to solve case study questions in CBSE Class 10 Science?

Read the case given and the associated questions carefully.
Read the questions attentively and analyse what they are asking.
Apply your subject knowledge and theories in the given case to decide what the correct answers should be.

1.A chemical reaction is a representation of chemical change in terms of symbols and formulae of reactants and products. There are various types of chemical reactions like combination, decomposition, displacement, double displacement, oxidation and reduction reactions. Reactions in which heat is released along with the formation of products are called exothermic chemical reactions. All combustion reactions are exothermic reactions.

(i) The massive force that pushes the rocket forward through space is generated due to the

(a) combination reaction

(b) decomposition reaction

(d) double displacement reaction

(ii) A white salt on heating decomposes to give brown fumes and yellow residue is left behind. The yellow residue left is of

(a) lead nitrate

(b) nitrogen oxide

(d) oxygen gas

(iii) Which of the following reactions represents a combination reaction?

(a) CaO (s) + H2O (l) → Ca (OH)2 (aq)

(b) CaCO3 (s) → CaO (s) + CO2(g)

(d) 2FeSO4(s) → Fe2O3 (s) +SO2(g) + SO3(g)

(iv) Complete the following statements by choosing correct type of reaction for X and Y.

Statement 1: The heating of lead nitrate is an example of ‘X’ reaction.

Statement 2: The burning of magnesium is an example of ‘Y’ reaction.

(a)X-Combination,Y-Decomposition

(b)X-Decomposition,Y-Combination

(c)X-Combination,Y-Displacement

(d) X- Displacement, Y-Decomposition

2.The earlier concept of oxidation and reduction is based on the addition or removal of oxygen or hydrogen elements so, in terms of oxygen and hydrogen, oxidation is addition of oxygen to a substance and removal of hydrogen from a substance. On the other hand, reduction is addition of hydrogen to a substance and removal of oxygen from a substance. The substance which gives oxygen to another substance or removes hydrogen from another substance in an oxidation reaction is known as oxidising agent, while the substance which gives hydrogen to another substance or removes oxygen from another substance in a reduction reaction is known as reducing agent. For example,

(i) A redox reaction is one in which

(a) both the substances are reduced

(b) both the substances are oxidised

(d) one substance is oxidised while the other is reduced.

(ii) In the reaction, H2S+Cl2⟶S+2HCl

(a) H2S is the reducing agent.

(b) HCl is the oxidising agent.

(d) Cl2 is the reducing agent.

(iii) Which of the following processes does not involve either oxidation or reduction?

(a) Formation of slaked lime from quicklime.

(b) Heating mercuric oxide.

(d) Formation of zinc from zinc blende.

(iv) Mg+CuO⟶MgO+Cu

Which of the following is wrong relating to the above reaction?

(a) CuO gets reduced

(b) Mg gets oxidised.

(d) It is a redox reaction.

3.A copper vessel gets tarnished due to formation of an oxide layer on its surface. On rubbing lemon on the vessel, the surface is cleaned, and the vessel begins to shine again. This is due to the fact that which reacts with the acid present in lemon to form a salt which is washed away with water. As a result, the layer of copper oxide is removed from the surface of the vessel and the shining surface is exposed.

1.Which of the following acids is present in lemon?

(a) Formic acid

(b) Acetic acid

(d) Hydrochloric acid

2.The nature of copper oxide is

d) amphoteric

3.Name the salt formed in the above reaction

a) copper carbonate

b) copper chloride

c)copper citrate

d) copper citrate

4.The phenomenon of copper getting tarnished is

a) corrosion

b) rancidity

c) displacement

d)none of these

4.Metals as we know, are very useful in all fields, industries in particular. Non-metals are no less in any way. Oxygen present in air is essential for breathing as well as for combustion. Non-metals form a large number of compounds which are extremely useful, e.g., ammonia, nitric acid, sulphuric acid, etc. Non-metals are found to exist in three states of matter. Only solid non-metals are expected to be hard however, they have low density and are brittle. They usually have low melting and boiling points and are poor conductors of electricity.

i.____________ is a non-metal but is lustrous

A.Phosphorus

ii.Which of the following is known as 'King of chemicals'?

C. Sulphuric acid

D. Nitric acid

iii.Which of the following non-metals is a liquid?

iv.Hydrogen is used

A.for the synthesis of ammonia

B. for the synthesis of methyl alcohol

C.nitrogenous fertilizers

D. all of these

5.Nisha observed that the bottoms of cooking utensils were turning black in colour while the flame of her stove was yellow in colour. Her daughter suggested cleaning the air holes of the stove to get a clean, blue flame. She also told her mother that this would prevent the fuel from getting wasted.

a) Identify the reasons behind the sooty flame arising from the stove.

b) Can you distinguish between saturated and unsaturated compounds by burning them? Justify your answer.

c) Why do you think the colour of the flame turns blue once the air holes of the stove are cleaned?

6.Blood transport food, Oxygen and waste materials in our bodies. It consists of plasma as a fluid medium. A pumping organ [heart] is required to push the blood around the body. The blood flows through the chambers of the heart in a specific manner and direction. While flowing throughout the body, blood exerts a pressure against the wall or a vessel.

Pulmonary artery
Pulmonary vein
Very narrow and have high resistance
Much wide and have low resistance
Very narrow and have low resistance
Much wide and have high resistance
It is a hollow muscular organ
It is four chambered having three auricles and one ventricle.
It has different chambers to prevent O2 rich blood from mixing with the blood containing CO2
Both A & C
Blood = Plasma + RBC + WBC + Platelets
Plasma = Blood – RBC
Lymph = Plasma + RBC
Serum = Plasma + RBC + WBC

7.A brain is displayed at the Allen Institute for Brain Science. The human brain is a 3-pound (1.4-kilogram) mass of jelly-like fats and tissues—yet it's the most complex of all known living structures The human brain is more complex than any other known structure in the universe. Weighing in at three pounds, on average, this spongy mass of fat and protein is made up of two overarching types of cells—called glia and neurons— and it contains many billions of each. Neurons are notable for their branch-like projections called axons and dendrites, which gather and transmit electrochemical signals. Different types of glial cells provide physical protection to neurons and help keep them, and the brain, healthy. Together, this complex network of cells gives rise to every aspect of our shared humanity. We could not breathe, play, love, or remember without the brain.

1)Animals such as elephants, dolphins, and whales actually have larger brains, but humans have the most developed cerebrum. It's packed to capacity inside our skulls and is highly folded. Why our brain is highly folded?

b) Learning

3)Which among these protects our brain?

a)Neurotransmitter

b) Cerebrospinal fluid

d) Grey matter

4.Ram was studying in his room. Suddenly he smells something burning and sees smoke in the room. He rushes out of the room immediately. Was Ram’s action voluntary or involuntary? Why?

8.Preeti is very fond of gardening. She has different flowering plants in her garden. One day a few naughty children entered her garden and plucked many leaves of Bryophyllum plant and threw them here and there in the garden. After few days, Preeti observed that new Bryophyllum plants were coming out from the leaves which fell on the ground.

1.What does the incident sited in the paragraph indicate?

(a). Bryophyllum leaves have special buds that germinate to give rise to new plant.

(b). Bryophyllum can propagate vegetatively through leaves.

(c). Bryophyllum is a flowering plant that reproduces only asexually

(d). Both (a) and (b).

2.Which of the following plants can propagate vegetatively through leaves like Bryophyllum?

3.Do you think any other vegetative part of Bryophyllum can help in propagation? If yes, then which part?

4.Which of the following plant is artificially propagated (vegetatively) by stem cuttings in horticultural practices?

(b)Snakeplant

(d)Water hyacinth

9.The growing size of the human population is a cause of concern for all people. The rate of birth and death in a given population will determine its size. Reproduction is the process by which organisms increase their population. The process of sexual maturation for reproduction is gradual and takes place while general body growth is still going on. Some degree of sexual maturation does not necessarily mean that the mind or body is ready for sexual acts or for having and bringing up children. Various contraceptive devices are being used by human beings to control the size of the population.

1) What are common signs of sexual maturation in boys?

a) Broadening of shoulders

b) Development of mammary glands

c) Broadening of waist

d) High pitch of voice

2) Common sign of sexual maturation in girls is

a) Low pitch voice

b) Appearance of moustache and beard

c) Development of mammary glands

d) Broadening of shoulders

3) Which contraceptive method changes the hormonal balance of the body?

b) Diaphragms

c) Oral pills

d) Both a) and b)

4) What should be maintained for healthy society?

a) Rate of birth and death rate

b) Male and female sex ratio

c) Child sex ratio

d) None of these

10.Pea plants can have smooth seeds or wrinkled seeds. One of the phenotypes is completely dominant over the other. A farmer decides to pollinate one flower of a plant with smooth seeds using pollen from a plant with wrinkled seeds. The resulting pea pod has all smooth seeds.

i) Which of the following conclusions can be drawn?

(1) The allele for smooth seeds is dominated over that of wrinkled seeds.

(2) The plant with smooth seeds is heterozygous.

(3) The plant with wrinkled seeds is homozygous.

(b) 1 and 2 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

ii) Which of the following crosses will give smooth and wrinkled seeds in same proportion?

(a) RR X rr

(b) Rr X rr

(d) rr X rr

iii) Which of the following cross can be used to determine the genotype of a plant with dominant phenotype?

(a) RR X RR

(b) Rr X Rr

(d) RR X rr

iv) On crossing of two heterozygous smooth seeded plants (Rr), a total of 1000 plants were obtained in F1 generation. What will be the respective number of smooth and wrinkled seeds obtained in F1 generation?

(a) 750, 250

(b) 500, 500

(d) 950, 50

11.Food chains are very important for the survival of most species.When only one element is removed from the food chain it can result in extinction of a species in some cases.The foundation of the food chain consists of primary producers.Primary producers or autotrophs,can use either solar energy or chemical energy to create complex organic compounds,whereas species at higher trophic levels cannot and so must consume producers or other life that itself consumes producers. Because the sun’s light is necessary for photosynthesis,most life could not exist if the sun disappeared.Even so,it has recently been discovered that there are some forms of life,chemotrophs,that appear to gain all their metabolic energy from chemosynthesis driven by hydrothermal vents,thus showing that some life may not require solar energy to thrive.

1.If 10,000 J solar energy falls on green plants in a terrestrial ecosystem,what percentage of solar energy will be converted into food energy?

(d)It will depend on the type of the terrestrial plant

2.Matter and energy are two fundamental inputs of an ecosystem. Movement of

(a)Energy is by directional and matter is repeatedly circulating

(b)Energy is repeatedly circulating and matter is unidirectional

(c)Energy is unidirectional and matter is repeatedly circulating

(d)Energy is multidirectional and matter is bidirectional

3.Raj is eating curd/yoghurt. For this food intake in a food chain he should be considered as occupying

(a)First trophic level

(b)Second trophic level

(c)Third trophic level

(d)Fourth trophic level

4.Which of the following, limits the number of trophic levels in a food chain

(a)Decrease in energy at higher trophic levels

(b)Less availability of food

(c)Polluted air

5.The decomposers are not included in the food chain. The correct reason for the same is because decomposers

(a) Act at every trophic level at the food chain

(b) Do not breakdown organic compounds

(d) Release enzymes outside their body to convert organic material to inorganic forms

12.Shyam participated in a group discussion in his inter school competition on the practical application of light and was very happy to win an award for his school. That very evening his father gave treat to celebrate Shyam’s win. Shyam while sitting saw an image of a person sitting at his backside in his curved plate and could see that person’s mobile drop in the flower bed. Person was not aware until Shyam went and informed him. He thanked Shyam for his clever move.

a)From which side of his plate Shyam observed the incident –

i)outward curved

ii)inward curved

iii)plane surface

b)Part of plate from which Shyam observed the incident acted like a-

i)concave mirror

ii)convex mirror

iii)plane mirror

c)The nature of the size of the image formed in above situation is –

i)real, inverted and magnified

ii)same size , laterally inverted

iii)virtual, erect and diminished

iv)real , inverted and diminished

d)Magnification of the image formed by convex mirror is –

more than 1

iii)equal to 1

iv)less than 1

The location of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at infinity is

(a) at focus

When the object is placed at the focus of concave lens, the image formed is

(a)real and smaller

(b) virtual and smaller

The size of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at the focus ofconvex lens is

(a) highly magnified

(b) point in size

When the object is placed at 2F in front of convex lens, the location of image is

(b) between F and optical center

(d) none of the above

14.One of the wires in domestic circuits supply, usually with a red insulation cover, is called live wire. with black insulation is called neutral wire. The earth wire, which has insulation of green colour, is usually connected to a metal plate deep in the earth near the house appliances that has a metallic body. Overloading contact, in such a situation the current in the circuit abruptly increases. circuit prevents damage to the appliances and the circuit due to overloading.

1 When do we say that an electrical appliance

2 Mention the function of earth wire in electrical line

3 How is an electric fuse connected in a domestic circuit?

4 When overloading and short circuiting are said to occur?

5 What is a live wire?

15.Light of all the colours travel at the same speed in vacuum for all wavelengths. But in any transparent medium(glass or water), the light of different colours travels at different speeds for different wavelengths, which means that the refractive index of a particular medium is different for different wavelengths. As there is a difference in their speeds, the light of different colours bend through different angles. The speed of violet colour is maximum and the speed of red colour is minimum in glass so, the red light deviates least and violet colour deviates most. Hence, higher the wavelength of a colour of light, smaller the refractive index and less is the bending of light.

(i)Which of the following statements is correct regarding the propagation of Light of different colours of white light in air?

(a) Red light moves fastest.

(b) Blue light moves faster than green light.

(d) Yellow light moves with the mean speed as that of the red and the violet light.

(ii)Which of the following is the correct order of wavelength?

(a) Red> Green> Yellow

(b) Red> Violet> Green

(d) Red> Yellow> Orange

(iii)Which of the following is the correct order of speed of light in glass?

(a) Red> Green> Blue

(b) Blue> Green> Red

(d) Green> Red> Blue

(iv)Which colour has maximum frequency?

16.The region around a magnet where magnetism acts is represented by the magnetic field.The force of magnetism is due to moving charge or some magnetic material. Like stationary charges produce an electric field proportional to the magnitude of charge, moving charges produce magnetic fields proportional to the current. In other words, a current carrying conductor produces a magnetic field around it. The subatomic particles in the conductor, like the electrons moving in atomic orbitals, are responsible for the production of magnetic fields. The magnetic field lines around a straight conductor (straight wire) carrying current are concentric circles whose centres lie on the wire.

1)The magnetic field associated with a current carrying straight conductor is in anti- clockwise direction. If the conductor was held horizontally along east west direction,what is the direction of current through it?

2)Name and state the rule applied to determine the direction of magnetic field in a straight current carrying conductor.

3)Ramus performs an experiment to study the magnetic effect of current around a current carrying straight conductor with the help of a magnetic compass. He reports that

a)The degree of deflection of magnetic compass increases when the compass is moved away from the conductor.

b)The degree of deflection of the magnetic compass increases when the current through the conductor is increased.

Which of the above observations of the student appears to be wrong and why?

Case Study Questions Class 10 Science CBSE Chapter Wise PDF

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Case Study Questions Class 10 Science

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This article will guide you through:

What are case study questions?

Sample Papers with Case Study questions
Class 10 Science Case Study question examples
How to get case-based questions for free?
How to attempt the case-based questions in Science?

Questions based on case studies are some real-life examples. The questions are asked based on a given paragraph i.e. Case Study. Usually, 4-5 questions are asked on the basis of the given passage. In most cases, these are either MCQs or assertion & reason type questions. Let’s take an example to understand. There is one paragraph on how nitrogen is generated in the atmosphere. On the basis of this paragraph, the board asks a few objective-type questions. In other words, it is very similar to the unseen passages given in language papers. But the real cases may be different. So, read this article till the end to understand it thoroughly.

What is CBE?

CBSE stands for competency-based education. The case study questions are part of this CBE. The purpose of CBE is to demonstrate the learning outcomes and attain proficiency in particular competencies.

Questions on Real-life Situations

As discussed the case study questions are based on real-life situations. Especially for grade 10 science, it is very essential to have the practical knowledge to solve such questions. Here on the myCBSEguide app, we have given many such case study paragraphs that are directly related to real-life implications of the knowledge.

Sample Papers with Case Study Questions

Class 10 Science Sample Papers with case study questions are available in the myCBSEguide App . There are 4 such questions (Q.No.17 to 20) in the CBSE model question paper. If you analyze the format, you will find that the MCQs are very easy to answer. So, we suggest you, read the given paragraph carefully and then start answering the questions. In some cases, you will find that the question is not asked directly from the passage but is based on the concept that is discussed there. That’s why it is very much important to understand the background of the case study paragraph.

CBSE Case Study Sample Papers

You can download CBSE case study sample papers from the myCBSEguide App or Student Dashboard. Here is the direct link to access it.

Case Study Question Bank

As we mentioned that case study questions are coming in your exams for the last few years. You can get them in all previous year question papers issued by CBSE for class 1o Science. Here is the direct link to get them too.

Class 10 Science Case Study Question Examples

As you have already gone through the four questions provided in the CBSE model question paper , we are proving you with other examples of the case-based questions in the CBSE class 10 Science. If you wish to get similar questions, you can download the myCBSEguide App and access the Sample question papers with case study-type questions.

Case-based Question -1

Read the following and answer any four questions: Salt of a strong acid and strong base is neutral with a pH value of 7. NaCl common salt is formed by a combination of hydrochloride and sodium hydroxide solution. This is the salt that is used in food. Some salt is called rock salt bed of rack salt was formed when seas of bygone ages dried up. The common salt thus obtained is an important raw material for various materials of daily use, such as sodium hydroxide, baking soda, washing soda, and bleaching powder.

Phosphoric acid
Carbonic acid
Hydrochloric acid
Sulphuric acid
Blue vitriol
Washing soda
Baking soda
Bleaching powder

Case-based Question -2

V 1 + V 2 + V 3
V 1 – V 2 +V 2
None of these
same at every point of the circuit
different at every point of the circuit
can not be determined
20 3 Ω 203Ω
15 2 Ω 152Ω

Case-based Question -3

pure strips
impure copper
refined copper
none of these
insoluble impurities
soluble impurities
impure metal
bottom of cathode
bottom of anode

How to Attempt the Case-Based Questions in Science?

Before answering this question, let’s read the text given in question number 17 of the CBSE Model Question Paper.

All living cells require energy for various activities. This energy is available by the breakdown of simple carbohydrates either using oxygen or without using oxygen.

See, there are only two sentences and CBSE is asking you 5 questions based on these two sentences. Now let’s check the first questions given there.

Energy in the case of higher plants and animals is obtained by a) Breathing b) Tissue respiration c) Organ respiration d) Digestion of food

Now let us know if you can relate the question to the paragraph directly. The two sentences are about energy and how it is obtained. But neither the question nor the options have any similar text in the paragraph.

So the conclusion is, in most cases, you will not get direct answers from the passage. You will get only an idea about the concept. If you know it, you can answer it but reading the paragraph even 100 times is not going to help you.

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Class 10 Science MCQ

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Class 10 Science Case Study Questions PDF Download

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Are you searching for a comprehensive resource to improve your understanding and problem-solving skills in Class 10 Science? Look no further! In this article, we will explore the world of Class 10 Science case study questions and provide you with an opportunity to download a PDF resource containing a collection of case study questions designed specifically for this subject. Let’s dive in and enhance your knowledge!

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CBSE Class 10th – SCIENCE: Chapterwise Case Study Question & Solution

Case study questions provide a practical and real-life context for applying scientific concepts and principles. These questions require you to analyze a given scenario, identify relevant information, and utilize your scientific knowledge to solve problems or draw conclusions. Case study questions assess your ability to think critically, make connections, and apply scientific principles in a practical setting.

Chapterwise Case Study Questions for Class 10 Science

To support your preparation for Class 10 Science examinations, we have created a comprehensive PDF resource containing a collection of case study questions designed specifically for this subject. This PDF includes a variety of case studies covering different topics in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. It will provide you with ample practice opportunities to enhance your analytical and problem-solving skills.

Case Study Questions for Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations
Case Study Questions for Chapter 2 Acids, Bases, and Salts
Case Study Questions for Chapter 3 Metals and Non-Metals
Case Study Questions for Chapter 4 Carbon and Its Compounds
Case Study Questions for Chapter 5 Periodic Classification of elements
Case Study Questions for Chapter 6 Life Processes
Case Study Questions for Chapter 7 Control and Coordination
Case Study Questions for Chapter 8 How do organisms reproduce?
Case Study Questions for Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution
Case Study Questions for Chapter 10 Light reflection and refraction
Case Study Questions for Chapter 11 Human eye and colorful world
Case Study Questions for Chapter 12 Electricity
Case Study Questions for Chapter 13 Magnetic effects of current
Case Study Questions for Chapter 15 Our Environment

The above Case studies for Class 10 Science will help you to boost your scores as Case Study questions have been coming in your examinations. These CBSE Class 10 Science Case Studies have been developed by experienced teachers of schools.studyrate.in for the benefit of Class 10 students.

Class 10th Maths Case Study Questions

Benefits of Case Study Questions

Engaging with case study questions in Class 10 Science offers several benefits. Let’s explore some of them:

Real-life application: Case study questions allow you to apply scientific concepts to real-life situations, enhancing your understanding of their practical relevance.
Critical thinking skills: Analyzing case studies promotes critical thinking by challenging you to evaluate information, identify patterns, and draw logical conclusions.
Problem-solving abilities: Case study questions require you to identify problems, propose solutions, and make informed decisions based on scientific evidence.
Holistic learning: By examining different aspects of a case, you gain a broader perspective on scientific concepts and their interconnections.
Preparation for higher education: Case study questions prepare you for future academic pursuits by developing skills necessary for scientific research and analysis.

Understanding the Structure of Case Study Questions

Case study questions typically present a scenario or a problem related to a scientific concept. The questions may require you to analyze data, interpret graphs, or propose solutions based on the given information. It is important to read the case study carefully, identify key details, and understand the context before attempting to answer the questions.

Tips for Analyzing and Answering Case Study Questions

To effectively analyze and answer case study questions, consider the following tips:

Read the case study thoroughly: Take your time to understand the scenario, paying attention to key details and any scientific concepts mentioned.
Identify the problem or objective: Determine the main question or objective that the case study aims to address. This will guide your analysis and help you stay focused.
Break down the questions: Carefully read each question and break it down into smaller parts. Identify the specific information or data required to answer each question accurately.
Apply scientific knowledge: Utilize your understanding of scientific principles and concepts to analyze the case study. Make connections between the given information and relevant scientific theories.
Support your answers: Whenever possible, support your answers with scientific evidence or reasoning. Refer to specific data, graphs, or concepts from the case study to justify your conclusions.

Subject-wise Approach to Case Study Questions

Let’s explore how to approach case study questions in the subjects of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology.

In Physics case study questions, focus on understanding the principles and laws governing the given scenario. Analyze the data provided and apply relevant formulas and concepts to solve the problem. Consider factors such as motion, forces, energy, and electrical circuits, depending on the context of the case study.

Chemistry case study questions often involve analyzing chemical reactions, properties of substances, or experimental data. Pay attention to the details of the case study, such as reactants, products, conditions, and observations. Apply your knowledge of chemical reactions, bonding, and periodic trends to interpret and solve the problem.

Biology case study questions revolve around biological processes, organisms, and ecological relationships. Analyze the provided information, such as species interactions, environmental factors, or experimental results. Apply your understanding of biological concepts, such as genetics, evolution, ecosystems, and cellular processes, to address the questions effectively.

Importance of Practicing Case Study Questions

Practicing case study questions in Class 10 Science is crucial for several reasons:

Application of knowledge: Case study questions enable you to apply scientific knowledge to real-life situations, enhancing your understanding and practical skills.
Analytical thinking: Regular practice of case study questions hones your analytical thinking skills by challenging you to analyze complex scenarios and make informed decisions.
Comprehensive understanding: Engaging with case studies offers a holistic understanding of scientific concepts, allowing you to grasp their practical implications and interconnections.
Exam preparation: Practicing case study questions familiarizes you with the question patterns and formats commonly seen in Class 10 Science examinations, boosting your confidence and performance.

Case study questions offer a valuable opportunity to apply scientific knowledge in practical contexts. By engaging with these questions, you can develop critical thinking, problem-solving, and analytical skills necessary for success in Class 10 Science. Remember to carefully analyze the case study, apply your scientific understanding, and justify your answers with relevant evidence. Regular practice of case study questions will greatly enhance your overall performance in examinations.

Where can I find Class 10 Science case study questions?

You can download a comprehensive PDF resource containing Class 10 Science case study questions from schools.studyrate.in This resource is specifically designed to provide you with ample practice material.

Why is practicing case study questions important for exam preparation?

Regular practice of case study questions enhances your ability to apply scientific knowledge in practical contexts, improving your analytical thinking and problem-solving abilities. This ultimately contributes to better performance in Class 10 Science examinations.

How should I approach Class 10 Science case study questions?

Read the case study carefully, identify the problem or objective, and analyze the given information. Apply your scientific knowledge to address the questions and support your answers with relevant evidence.

Case study questions class 10 science chapter 10 light reflection and refraction.

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CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study Questions Download Free PDF

If you are looking for the CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study Questions in PDF, then you are in the right place. CBSE 10th Class Case Study for the Science Subject is available here. These Case studies can help the students to solve the different types of questions that are based on the case study.

CBSE Board will be asking case study questions based on Science subjects in the upcoming board exams. Thus, it becomes an essential resource to study.

The Science Subject case study for class 10th covers a wide range of chapters from the Science. Students willing to score good marks in their board exams can use it. The questions are highly interactive and it allows students to use their thoughts and skills to solve such kinds of questions.

Case Study Questions Class 10 Science

Case Study Questions for Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations
Case Study Questions for Chapter 2 Acids, Bases, and Salts
Case Study Questions for Chapter 3 Metals and Non-Metals
Case Study Questions for Chapter 4 Carbon and Its Compounds
Case Study Questions for Chapter 5 Periodic Classification of elements
Case Study Questions for Chapter 6 Life Processes
Case Study Questions for Chapter 7 Control and Coordination
Case Study Questions for Chapter 8 How do organisms reproduce?
Case Study Questions for Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution
Case Study Questions for Chapter 10 Light reflection and refraction
Case Study Questions for Chapter 11 Human eye and colorful world
Case Study Questions for Chapter 12 Electricity
Case Study Questions for Chapter 13 Magnetic effects of current
Case Study Questions for Chapter 15 Our Environment

The above Case studies for CBSE Class 10 Science will help you to score good marks in the Case Study questions that have been coming in your examinations. These CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study have been developed by experts of cbseexperts.com for benefit of Class 10 students.

Class 10 Science Assertion and Reason Questions

Case Study Type Questions in Science Class 10

Case Study Type Questions in Science Class 10 include the information or data. Students willing to solve them are required to read the passage carefully and then solve them. While solving the paragraph the ideal way is to highlight the key information or given data.

Because later it will ease them to write the final answers. Science Case study type questions consist of 4 to 5 questions that should be answered in an MCQ manner.

While reading the paragraph students will get the clue in between about the possible answer of the question. They should definitely highlight those questions. This is the best way to solve such kind of Case study Type Questions.

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Case Study and Passage Based Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

Last modified on: 1 year ago
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In CBSE Class 10 Science Paper, Students will have to answer some questions based on Assertion and Reason . There will be a few questions based on case studies and passage based as well. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked.

Here, we have provided case based/passage based questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction .

Question 1:

Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v).

The spherical mirror forms different types of images when the object is placed at different locations. When the image is formed on screen, the image is real and when the image does not form on screen, the image is virtual. When the two reflected rays meet actually, the image is real and when they appear to meet, the image is virtual.

A concave mirror always forms a real and inverted image for different positions of the object. But if the object is placed between the focus and pole. the image formed is virtual and erect.

A convex mirror always forms a virtual, erect and diminished image. A concave mirror is used as doctor’s head mirror to focus light on body parts like eyes, ears, nose etc., to be examined because it can form erect and magnified image of the object. The convex mirror is used as a rear view mirrors in automobiles because it can form an small and erect image of an object.

(i) When an object is placed at the centre of curvature of a concave mirror, the image formed is (a) larger than the object (b) smaller than the object (c) same size as that of the object (d) highly enlarged.

(ii) No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be (a) plane (b) concave (c) convex (d) either plane or convex.

(iii) A child is standing in front of a magic mirror. She finds the image of her head bigger, the middle portion of her body of the same size and that of the legs smaller. The following is the order of combinations for the magic mirror from the top. (a) Plane, convex and concave (b) Convex, concave and plane (c) Concave, plane and convex (d) Convex, plane and concave

(iv) To get an image larger than the object, one can use (a) convex mirror but not a concave mirror (b) a concave mirror but not a convex mirror (c) either a convex mirror or a concave mirror (d) a plane mirror.

(v) A convex mirror has wider field of view because (a) the image formed is much smaller than the object and large number of images can be seen. (b) the image formed is much closer to the mirror (c) both (a) and (b) (d) none of these.

Question 2:

The lenses forms different types of images when object placed at different locations. When a ray is incident parallel to the principal axis, then after refraction, it passes through the focus or appears to come from the focus.

When a ray goes through the optical centre of the lens, it passes without any deviation. If the object is placed between focus and optical center of the convex lens, erect and magnified image is formed.

As the object is brought closer to the convex lens from infinity to focus, the image moves away from the convex lens from focus to infinity. Also the size of image goes on increasing and the image is always real and inverted.

A concave lens always gives a virtual, erect and diminished image irrespective to the position of the object.

(i) The location of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at infinity is (a) at focus (b) at 2F (c) at optical center (d) between Fand 2F

(ii) When the object is placed at the focus of concave lens, the image formed is (a) real and smaller (b) virtual and inverted (c) virtual and smaller (d) real and erect

(iii) The size of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at the focus of convex lens is (a) small (b) point in size (c) highly magnified (d) same as that of object

(iv) When the object is placed at 2F in front of convex lens, the location of image is (a) at F (b) at 2 F on the other side (c) at infinity (d) between F and optical center

(v) At which location of object in front of concave lens, the image between focus and optical centre is formed (a) anywhere between centre and infinity (b) at F (c) at 2F (d) infinity

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Thank you so much bruh you are God

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Metal and Non-Metals

The Class 10 NCERT Solutions for Science Chapter 3 Metal and Non-Metals includes all the intext and exercise questions. Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Metal and Non-Metals NCERT questions and answers help students to clear their doubts and to obtain good marks in Class 10 board exam. All the solutions provided in this article are strictly based on the CBSE syllabus and curriculum.

Class 10 Science Chapter 3 NCERT Questions and Answers

Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Metal and Non-Metals NCERT Questions and Answers are prepared by experts with a detailed explanation that will help students complete their assignments & homework. Having a good grasp over CBSE NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science will further help the students in their preparation for board exams and other competitive exams such as NTSE, Olympiad, etc.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Intext Questions

Intext Questions (Page No. 40)

Question 1: Give an example of a metal which (i) is a liquid at room temperature. (ii) can be easily cut with a knife. (iii) is the best conductor of heat. (iv) is a poor conductor of heat.

Answer: (i) Metal that exists in liquid state at room temperature → Mercury

(ii) Metal that can be easily cut with a knife → Sodium, Potassium

(iii) Metal that is the best conductor of heat → Silver, Gold

(iv) Metals that are poor conductors of heat → Mercury and lead

Question 2: Explain the meanings of malleable and ductile.

Answer: Malleable: Substances that can be converted into thin sheets by beating are called malleable. Most of the metals are malleable. Gold and Silver are most malleable metals.

Ductile: Substances that can be drawn into thin wires are called ductile. Most of the metals are ductile. Gold is the most ductile metal.

Intext Questions (Page No. 46)

Question 1: Why is sodium kept immersed in kerosene oil?

Answer: Metals such as potassium and sodium react so vigorously that they catch fire if kept in the open. Hence, to protect them and to prevent accidental fires, they are kept immersed in kerosene oil.

Question 2: Write equations for the reactions of (i) iron with steam (ii) calcium and potassium with water

Answer: (i) Iron react with steam to form the metal oxide and hydrogen.

3Fe( s ) + 4H 2 O( g ) → Fe 3 O 4 ( s ) + 4H 2 ( g )

(ii) The reaction of calcium with water is exothermic but the heat evolved is not sufficient for the hydrogen to catch fire.

Ca(s) + 2H 2 O(l) → Ca(OH) 2 (aq) + H 2 (g)

Calcium starts floating because the bubbles of hydrogen gas formed stick to the surface of the metal.

Potassium react violently with cold water and its reaction is so violent and exothermic that the evolved hydrogen immediately catches fire.

2K(s) + 2H 2 O(l) → 2KOH(aq) + H 2 (g) + heat energy

Question 3: Samples of four metals A, B, C and D were taken and added to the following solution one by one. The results obtained have been tabulated as follows.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Metals and Non metals image 1

Use the Table above to answer the following questions about metals A, B, C and D.

(i) Which is the most reactive metal?

(ii) What would you observe if B is added to a solution of Copper (II) sulphate?

Arrange the metals A, B, C and D in the order of decreasing reactivity

Answer: (i) As per reactivity series, Iron is most reactive metal among Iron, Silver and Copper. Since B can displace Iron from its sulphate, so B is the most reactive metal.

(ii) As B is more reactive than Iron (As discussed in answer (i)), so it will displace Copper from its Copper Sulphate solution.

(iii) B is most reactive as discussed in part (i) and D is the least reactive metal as unable to displace any of the solutions. Copper is more reactive than Silver and metal A can displace Copper, so A is more reactive than C.

Hence, the order of decreasing reactivity is B > A > C > D.

Question 4: Which gas is produced when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to a reactive metal? Write the chemical reaction when iron reacts with dilute H 2 SO 4 .

Answer: When reactive metals react with dilute hydrochloric acids, gives a salt and hydrogen gas

Metal + Dilute acid → Salt + Hydrogen

Reaction between Fe and H 2 SO 4 : Fe + H 2 SO 4 → FeSO 4 + H 2

Question 5: What would you observe when zinc is added to a solution of iron (II) sulphate? Write the chemical reaction that takes place.

Answer: Zinc is more reactive than Iron. When Zn is added to Iron (II) Sulphate, Zinc displaces Iron from its solutions and Zinc sulphate is formed.

Zn(s) + FeSO 4 (aq) → ZnSO 4 (aq) + Cu(s)

Intext Questions (Page No. 49)

Question 1: (i) Write the electron-dot structures for sodium, oxygen and magnesium. (ii) Show the formation of Na 2 O and MgO by the transfer of electrons. (iii) What are the ions present in these compounds?

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Metals and Non metals image 2

(ii) Formation of by transfer of electron

Two sodium atoms transfer their 2 outermost electrons to an oxygen atom. By losing two electrons, the two sodium atoms form tow sodium ions (2Na + ). And by gaining two electrons, the oxygen atom forms an oxide ion (O 2- ).

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Metals and Non metals image 5

Formation of by transfer of electron

When magnesium reacts with oxygen, the magnesium atom transfers its two outermost electrons to an oxygen atom. By losing two electrons, the magnesium atoms form a magnesium ion (Mg 2+ ) and by gaining two electrons, the oxygen atom forms an oxide ion (O 2- ).

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Metals and Non metals image 6

(iii) The ions present in sodium oxide compound (Na 2 O) are sodium ions (2Na + ) and oxide ions (O 2- ).

The ions present in Magnesium oxide compound (MgO) are magnesium ions Mg 2+ and oxide ions (O 2- ).

Question 2: Why do ionic compounds have high melting points?

Answer: Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points. Because ionic compounds are formed by the attraction force of two opposite ions and a considerable amount of energy is required to break this strong inter-ionic attraction.

Intext Questions (Page No. 53)

Question 1: Define the following terms. (i) Mineral (ii) Ore (iii) Gangue

Answer: (i) Mineral: The elements or compounds, which occur naturally in the earth’s crust, are known as minerals.

(ii) Ore: If minerals contain a very high percentage of a particular metal and the metal can be profitably extracted from it. These minerals are called ores.

(iii) Gangue: Ores mined from the earth are usually contaminated with large amounts of impurities such as soil, sand, etc., called gangue.

Question 2: Name two metals which are found in nature in the free state.

Answer: The metals which are the least reactive, they are often found in a free state. For example: Gold, silver, platinum and copper are found in the free state.

Question 3: What chemical process is used for obtaining a metal from its oxide?

Answer: Metals in the low of the activity series are very unreactive. The oxides of these metals can be reduced to metals by heating alone.

The metals in the middle of the activity series such as iron, zinc, lead, copper, etc., are moderately reactive. These metal oxides are reduced to the corresponding metals by using suitable reducing agents

ZnO(s) + C(s) → Zn(s) + CO(g)

The metals high up in the reactivity series are very reactive. They are separated from their oxides by electrolysis process.

Intext Questions (Page No. 55)

Question 1: Metallic oxides of zinc, magnesium and copper were heated with the following metals.

Metal	Zinc	Magnesium	Copper
Zinc Oxide
Magnesium oxide
Copper oxide

Answer: Magnesium is the most reactive among these three metals and Zinc is more reactive than Copper. So, Magnesium will displace Zinc oxide and Copper oxide whereas Zinc will displace Copper oxide only.

Metal	Zinc	Magnesium	Copper
Zinc Oxide	No Reaction	Displacement reaction	No Reaction
Magnesium oxide	No Reaction	No Reaction	No Reaction
Copper oxide	Displacement reaction	Displacement reaction	No Reaction

Question 2: Which metals do not corrode easily?

Answer: The metals which are the least reactive, do not corrode easily.

For example: Gold, silver, platinum and copper.

Question 3: What are alloys?

Answer: An alloy is a homogeneous mixture of two or more metals, or a metal and a non-metal.

For example:

Stainless steel is an alloy of Nickel and Chromium.
Amalgam is an alloy of Mercury.
Brass is an alloy of Copper and Zinc.
Bronze is an alloy of Copper and Tin.
Solder is an alloy of Lead and Tin.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Exercise Questions

Question 1: Which of the following pairs will give displacement reactions? (a) NaCl solution and copper metal (b) MgCl 2 solution and aluminium metal (c) FeSO 4 solution and silver metal (d) AgNO 3 solution and copper metal

Answer: (d) AgNO 3 solution and copper metal

Question 2: Which of the following methods is suitable for preventing an iron frying pan from rusting? (a) Applying grease (b) Applying paint (c) Applying a coating of zinc (d) all of the above.

Answer: (c) Applying a coating of zinc

Question 3: An element reacts with oxygen to give a compound with a high melting point. This compound is also soluble in water. The element is likely to be (a) calcium (b) carbon (c) silicon (d) iron

Answer: (a) The element is likely to be calcium.

Question 4: Food cans are coated with tin and not with zinc because (a) zinc is costlier than tin. (b) zinc has a higher melting point than tin. (c) zinc is more reactive than tin. (d) zinc is less reactive than tin.

Answer: (c) zinc is more reactive than tin

Question 5: You are given a hammer, a battery, a bulb, wires and a switch. (a) How could you use them to distinguish between samples of metals and non-metals? (b) Assess the usefulness of these tests in distinguishing between metals and non-metals.

Answer: (a) With the hammer, we can beat the sample and if it can be beaten into thin sheets (that is, it is malleable), then it is a metal otherwise a non-metal. Similarly, we can use the battery, bulb, wires, and a switch to set up a circuit with the sample. If the sample conducts electricity, then it is a metal otherwise a non-metal.

(b) The above tests are useful in distinguishing between metals and non-metals as these are based on the physical properties. No chemical reactions are involved in these tests.

Question 6: What are amphoteric oxides? Give two examples of amphoteric oxides.

Answer: Oxides that react with both acids and bases to form salt and water are known as amphoteric oxides. Examples: PbO and Al 2 O 3 .

Amphoteric oxides are the one which reacts with both acids and bases to form salt and water. Examples: Lead oxide – PbO and Aluminium oxide – Al 2 O 3 .

Question 7: Name two metals which will displace hydrogen from dilute acids, and two metals which will not.

Answer: Metals that are more reactive than hydrogen displace it from dilute acids. For example: sodium and potassium.

Metals that are less reactive than hydrogen do not displace it. For example: copper and silver.

Question 8: In the electrolytic refining of a metal M, what would you take as the anode, the cathode and the electrolyte?

Answer: In the process of electrolytic refining of metal called ‘M’, An impure and thick block of metal M. is considered as anode, Thin strip or wire of pure metal M is taken as anode A suitable salt solution of metal M is considered as the electrolyte

Question 9: Pratyush took sulphur powder on a spatula and heated it. He collected the gas evolved by inverting a test tube over it, as shown in figure below.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Metals and Non metals image 8

(a) What will be the action of gas on (i) dry litmus paper? (ii) moist litmus paper? (b) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction taking place.

Answer: (a) (i) There will be no action on dry litmus paper.

(ii) Since the gas is sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ), it turns moist blue litmus paper to red because sulphur dioxide reacts with moisture to form sulphurous acid.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Metals and Non metals image 9

Question 10: State two ways to prevent the rusting of iron.

Answer: Two ways to prevent the rusting of iron are:

Oiling, greasing, or painting: By applying oil, grease, or paint, the surface becomes water proof and the moisture and oxygen present in the air cannot come into direct contact with iron. Hence, rusting is prevented.

Galvanization: An iron article is coated with a layer of zinc metal, which prevents the iron to come in contact with oxygen and moisture. Hence, rusting is prevented

Question 11: What type of oxides is formed when non-metals combine with oxygen?

Answer: When non-metals combine with oxygen it forms either acidic or neutral oxides. Ex: N 2 O 5 or N 2 O 3 is an acidic oxide; CO is a neutral oxide.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Metals and Non metals image 10

Question 12: Give reasons?

(a) Platinum, gold and silver are used to make jewellery.

(b) Sodium, potassium and lithium are stored under oil.

(d) Carbonate and sulphide ores are usually converted into oxides during the process of extraction.

Answer: (a) Platinum, gold, and silver are used to make jewellery because they are very lustrous. Also, they are very less reactive and do not corrode easily.

(b) Sodium, potassium, and lithium are very reactive metals and react very vigorously with air as well as water. Therefore, they are kept immersed in kerosene oil in order to prevent their contact with air and moisture.

(c) Though aluminium is a highly reactive metal, it is resistant to corrosion. This is because aluminium reacts with oxygen present in air to form a thin layer of aluminium oxide. This oxide layer is very stable and prevents further reaction of aluminium with oxygen. Also, it is light in weight and a good conductor of heat. Hence, it is used to make cooking utensils.

(d) Carbonate and sulphide ores are usually converted into oxides during the process of extraction because metals can be easily extracted from their oxides rather than from their carbonates and sulphides.

Question 13: You must have seen tarnished copper vessels being cleaned with lemon or tamarind juice. Explain why these sour substances are effective in cleaning the vessels.

Answer: Copper reacts with moist carbon dioxide in air to form copper carbonate and as a result, copper vessel loses its shiny brown surface forming a green layer of copper carbonate. The citric acid present in the lemon or tamarind neutralises the basis copper carbonate and dissolves the layer. That is why, tarnished copper vessels are cleaned with lemon or tamarind juice to give the surface of the copper vessel its characteristic lustre.

Question 14: Differentiate between metal and non-metal on the basis of their chemical properties. Answer:


Metals are electropositive.	Non-metals are electronegative
They react with oxygen to form basic oxides.	They react with oxygen to form acidic or neutral oxides.
They react with water to form oxides and hydroxides. Some metals react with cold water, some with hot water, and some with steam.	They do not react with water.
Metals are lustrous.	Non-metals are non-lustrous; graphite is the exception
Good reducing agents.	Good oxidizing agents.
Metals are the good conductors of electricity and heat.	Non-metals are non-conductors of electricity and heat; graphite is the exception
All metals are solids except mercury.	Non-metals are in solid-liquid and gaseous states

Question 15: A man went door to door posing as a goldsmith. He promised to bring back the glitter of old and dull gold ornaments. An unsuspecting lady gave a set of gold bangles to him which he dipped in a particular solution. The bangles sparkled like new but their weight was reduced drastically. The lady was upset but after a futile argument the man beat a hasty retreat. Can you play the detective to find out the nature of the solution he had used?

Answer: He must have dipped the gold in the solution of aqua regia − a 3:1 mixture of conc. HCl and conc. HNO 3 . Aqua regia is a fuming, highly corrosive liquid. It dissolves gold in it. After dipping the gold ornaments in aqua regia, the outer layer of gold gets dissolved and the inner shiny layer appears. That is why the weight of gold ornament reduced.

Question 16: Give reasons why copper is used to make hot water tanks and not steel (an alloy of iron).

Answer: Copper does not react with cold water, hot water, or steam. However, iron reacts with steam. If the hot water tanks are made of steel (an alloy of iron), then iron would react vigorously with the steam formed from hot water.

Topics covered under Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Metal and Non-Metals

Below we have listed the topics discussed in NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3. The list gives you a quick look at the different topics and subtopics of this chapter.

Section in NCERT Book	Topics Discussed
3.1	Physical Properties of Metals
3.2	Physical Properties of Non-metals
3.2.5	The Reactivity Series
3.3	How do Metals and Non-metals React?
3.3.1	Properties of Ionic Compounds
3.4	Occurrence of Metals
3.5	Corrosion

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 – A Brief Discussion

Chapter Overview: In this chapter, you will learn about the physical and chemical properties metals and non-metals. Physical properties mainly include physical state, luster, hardness, ductility, conductance towards heat and electricity, and sonority. Chemical properties mainly include reactivity of metals with air, water, acids, and salts of other metals. This chapter further discusses the reactivity series of metals. Moreover, in this chapter, you will also learn about metallurgy and corrosion of metals.

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CBSE Class 10th - SCIENCE : Chapterwise Case Study Question & Solution

In board exams, students will find the questions based on assertion and reasoning. Also, there will be a few questions based on case studies. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked. For Science subjects, there would be 5 case-based sub-parts questions, wherein a student has to attempt 4 sub-part questions.


1. Chemical Reactions & Equations
2. Acids, Bases & Salts
3. Metals & Non-metals
4. Carbon & Its Compounds
5. Periodic Classification of Elements
6. Life Processes
8. How Do Organisms Reproduce
9. Heredity & Evolution
10. Light-Reflection & Refraction
11. The Human Eye & the Colourful World
12. Electricity
13. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current
15. Our Environment

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Metals and Non-metals Class 10 Notes Science Chapter 3

January 22, 2024 by Sastry CBSE

CBSE Class 10 Science Notes Chapter 3 Metals and Non-metals Pdf free download is part of Class 10 Science Notes for Quick Revision. Here we have given NCERT Class 10 Science Notes Chapter 3 Metals and Non-metals.

According to new CBSE Exam Pattern, MCQ Questions for Class 10 Science pdf Carries 20 Marks.

Metals and Non-metals Class 10 Science Notes

Metals: Physical properties of metals, chemical properties of metals and non-metal oxide.

Metals are the elements that conduct heat and electricity and are malleable and ductile. Examples are Iron (Fe), Aluminium (Al), Silver (Ag), Copper (Cu), Gold (Au), Platinum (Pt), Lead (Pb), Potassium (K), Sodium (Na), Calcium (Ca) and Magnesium (Mg) etc.

Metals are the elements which form positive ions by losing electrons. Thus, metals are known as Electropositive Elements.

Physical Properties of Metals

Hardness: Most of the metals are hard, except alkali metals, such as sodium, potassium, lithium, etc. are very soft metals. These can be cut by using a knife.
Strength: Most of the metals are strong and have high tensile strength. Because of this, big structures are made using metals, such as copper (Cu) and iron (Fe). (Except Sodium (Na) and potassium (K) which are soft metals).
State: Metals are solid at room temperature except for mercury (Hg).
Sound: Metals produce ringing sound, so, metals are called Sonorous. Sound of metals is also known as Metallic sound. This is the cause that metal wires are used in making musical instruments.
Conduction: Metals are a good conductor of heat and electricity. This is the cause that electric wires are made of metals like copper and aluminium.
Malleability: Metals are malleable. This means metals can be beaten into a thin sheet. Because of this property, iron is used in making big ships.
Ductility: Metals are ductile. This means metals can be drawn into thin wire. Because of this property, a wire is made of metals.
Melting and Boiling Point: Metals have generally high melting and boiling points. (Except sodium and potassium metals which have low melting and boiling point.)
Density: Most of the metals have a high density.
Colour: Most of the metals are grey in colour. But gold and copper are exceptions.

Metals and Non-metals Class 10 Notes Science Chapter 3 img-1

2. Reaction of metals with water: Metals form respective hydroxide and hydrogen gas when reacting with water. Metal + Water → Metal hydroxide + Hydrogen Most of the metals do not react with water. However, alkali metals react vigorously with water.

Reaction of Aluminium metal with Water: Reaction of aluminium metal with cold water is too slow to come into notice. But when steam is passed over aluminium metal, aluminium oxide and hydrogen gas are produced. 2Al + 3H 2 O → Al 2 O 3 + 2H 2

3. Reaction of metals with dilute acid: Metals form respective salts when reacting with dilute acid. Metal + dil. acid → Metal salt + Hydrogen

Hydrogen (H 2 ) gas is not evolved when metal is treated with nitric acid (HNO 3 ): Nitric acid is strong oxidising agent and it oxidises the hydrogen gas (H 2 ) liberated into water (H 2 O) and itself get reduced to some oxide of nitrogen like nitrous oxide (N 2 O) 3 nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ). Copper, gold, silver are known as noble metals. These do not react with water or dilute acids. The order of reactivity of metal towards dilute hydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid is in the order; K > Na > Ca > Mg > Al > Zn > Fe > Cu > Hg > Ag

Metal Oxides Chemical Properties: Metal oxides are basic in nature. The aqueous solution of metal oxides turns red litmus blue. Reaction of Metal oxides with Water: Most of the metal oxides are insoluble in water. Alkali metal oxides are soluble in water. Alkali metal oxides give strong base when dissolved in water.

Metals and Non-metals Class 10 Notes Science Chapter 3 img-14

Non-Metals: Physical Properties of non-metals, chemical properties of non-metals, non¬metal oxides, Reaction of metal and Non-metal, Ionic bonds and formation of an ionic bond. Non-metals are the elements that do not conduct electricity and are neither malleable nor ductile. Examples: Carbon (C), Sulphur (S), Phosphorous (P), Silicon (Si), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), Chlorine (Cl), Bromine (Br), Neon (Ne) and Argon (Ar) etc. Non-metals are the elements which form negative ions by gaining an electron. Thus, non¬metals are also known as Electronegative Elements.

Physical properties of non-metals

Hardness: Non-metals are not hard rather they are generally soft. But the diamond is an exception; it is the hardest naturally occurring substance.
State: Non-metals may be solid, liquid or gas.
Lustre: Non-metals have a dull appearance. Diamond and iodine are exceptions.
Sonority: Non-metals are not sonorous, i.e., they do not produce a typical sound on being hit.
Conduction: Non-metals are a bad conductor of heat and electricity. Graphite which is allotrope of carbon is a good conductor of electricity and is an exception.
Malleability and ductility: Non-metals are brittle.
Melting and boiling point: Non-metals have generally low melting and boiling points.
Density: Most of the non-metals have low density.
Colour: Non-metals are in many colours.

Carbon in the form of graphite is non-metal which conduct electricity.

Iodine is non-metal which is lustrous having a shining surface.

Carbon in the form of diamond is a non-metal which is extremely hard.

Diamond is a non-metal which has a very high melting point and boiling point.

Non-metals do not react with water (or steam) to evolve Hydrogen gas.

Non-metals do not react with dilute acids.

4. Reaction of Metal and Non-metal: Many metals form ionic bonds when they react with non-metals. Compounds so formed are known as Ionic Compounds. Ions: Positive or negative charged atoms are known as ions. Ions are formed because of loss or gain of electrons. Atoms form ions obtain by the electronic configuration of the nearest noble gas. Positive ion: A positive ion is formed because of the loss of electrons by an atom.

Ionic Bonds: Ionic bonds are formed because of transfer of electrons from metal to non¬metal. In this course, metals get positive charge because of transfer of electrons and non-metal gets negative charge because of acceptance of electrons. In other words, bond formed between positive and negative ion is called Ionic Bond. Since, a compound is electrically neutral, so to form an ionic compound, negative and positive both ions must be combined.

Metals and Non-metals Class 10 Notes Science Chapter 3 img-40

Properties of Ionic compound

Ionic compounds are solid. Ionic bond has a greater force of attraction because of which ions attract each other strongly. This makes ionic compounds solid.
Ionic compounds are brittle.
Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points because force of attraction between ions of ionic compounds is very strong.
Ionic compounds generally dissolve in water.
Ionic compounds are generally insoluble in organic solvents; like kerosene, petrol, etc.
Ionic compounds do not conduct electricity in the solid state.
The solution of ionic compounds in water conduct electricity. This happens because ions present in the solution of ionic compound facilitate the passage of electricity by moving towards opposite electrodes.
Ionic compounds conduct electricity in the molten state.

Occurrence and Extraction of Metals: Minerals, ores, extraction of metals of least reactivity, extraction of metals of middle reactivity, extraction of metals of high reactivity, refining or purification of metals and corrosion.

Occurrence and Extraction of Metals: Source of metal: Metals occur in Earth’s crust and in seawater; in the form of ores. Earth’s crust is the major source of metal. Seawater contains many salts such as sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, etc.

Mineral: Minerals are naturally occurring substances which have a uniform composition.

Ores: The minerals from which a metal can be profitably extracted are called Ores. Metals found at the bottom of reactivity series are least reactive and they are often found in nature in free-state; such as gold, silver, copper, etc. Copper and silver are also found in the form of sulphide and oxide ores.

Metals found in the middle of reactivity series, such as Zn, Fe, Pb, etc. are usually found in the form of oxides, sulphides or carbonates. Metals found at the top of the reactivity series are never found in free-state as they are very reactive, example; K, Na, Ca, Mg and Al, etc. Many metals are found in the form of oxides because oxygen is abundant in nature and is very reactive.

Extraction of Metals: Metals can be categorised into three parts on the basis of their reactivity: Most reactive, medium reactive and least reactive. The three major steps involved in the extraction of a metal from its ore are

Concentration or enrichment of ores.
Conversion of concentrated ore into crude metal and,
Refining of impure or crude metal.

Metals and Non-metals Class 10 Notes Science Chapter 3 img-41

1. Concentration of Ores: Removal of impurities, such as soil, sand, stone, silicates, etc. from mines ore is known as Concentration of Ores. Ores which are mined often contain many impurities. These impurities are called gangue. First of all, concentration is done to remove impurities from ores. The concentration of ores is also known as enrichment of ores. Process of concentration depends upon physical and chemical properties of ores. Gravity separation, electromagnetic separation, froth flotation process, etc. are some examples of the processes which are applied for concentration of ores.

2. Conversion of Concentrated Ore into Crude Metal Conversion of metals ores into oxides: It is easy to obtain metals from their oxides. So, ores found in the form of sulphide and carbonates are first converted to their oxides by the process of roasting and calcination. Oxides of metals so obtained are converted into metals by the process of reduction.


(i) It is done for carbonate ores.	(i) It is done for sulphide ores.
(ii) Carbonates ores heated in the absence of oxygen.	(ii) Sulphide ores are heated in the Presence of oxygen.
(iii) The CO gas is released and Metal oxide is obtained. ZnCO (s) $\underrightarrow { heat }$ ZnO(s) + CO (g)	(iii) SO gas is released and Metal oxide is obtained. 2ZnS(s) + 3O (g) $\underrightarrow { heat }$ 2ZnO(s) + 2SO (g)

Metals and Non-metals Class 10 Notes Science Chapter 3 img-44

(ii) Extraction of Metals of Middle Reactivity: Iron, zinc, lead, etc. are found in the form of carbonate or sulphide ores. Carbonate or sulphide ores of metals are first converted into respective oxides and then oxides are reduced to respective metals.

Metals and Non-metals Class 10 Notes Science Chapter 3 img-46

5. Corrosion: Most of the metals keep on reacting with the atmospheric air. This leads to the formation of a layer over the metal. In the long run, the underlying layer of metal keeps on getting lost due to conversion into oxides or sulphides or carbonate, etc. As a result, the metal gets eaten up. The process is called Corrosion.

Rusting of Iron: Rusting of iron is the most common form of corrosion. When iron articles like the gate, grill, fencing, etc. come in contact with moisture present in the air, the upper layer of iron turns into iron oxide. Iron oxide is brown-red in colour and is known as Rust. The phenomenon is called Rusting of Iron. If rusting is not prevented in time, the whole iron article would turn into iron oxide. This is also known as Corrosion of Iron. Rusting of iron gives a huge loss every year.

Prevention of Rusting: For rusting, iron must come in contact with oxygen and water. Rusting is prevented by preventing the reaction between atmospheric moisture and the iron article. This can be done by:

Galvanization
Electroplating

6. Alloys: The homogeneous mixture of two or more metals, or a metal and a non-metal is called Alloy. Types of alloys :

Ferrous alloys: An alloy in which iron (Fe) is present. For example : manganese steel (Fe = 86% ; Mn = 13% ; C = 1%) and Nickle steel (Fe = 98% ; Ni = 2%).
Non-ferrous alloys: An alloy does not contain iron. For example : Brass (Cu = 80% ; Zn = 20%), and Bronze (Cu = 90% ; Sn = 10%).
Amalgams: An alloy in which mercury (Hg) is present. For example Sodium amalgams [Na(Hg)] and Zinc amalgams [Zn(Hg)].

Properties of an Alloy

Alloys are stronger than the metal from which they are obtained.
It is harder than the constituent metals.
More resistance to corrosion.
The melting point of alloys is lower than the constituent metals. Example: Solder [Sn(80%) + Pb(50%)] has lower m. p. than Pb and Sn.
The electrical conductivity of alloys is lower than the constituent metals.

Some examples of Alloys:

Brass: [80% Cu + 20% Zn ]
Bronze: [90% Cu + 20% Sn]
Solder: [50% Pb + 50% Sn]
Duralumin: [95% Al + 4% Cu + 0.5% Mg + 0.5 Mn]
Steel: [99.95% Fe + 0.05% C]
Stainless steel: [74% Fe + 18% Cr + 8% Ni]
Magnesium: [95% Al + 5% Mg]
German Silver: [60% Cu + 20% Zn + 20% Ni]
Alloys of Gold: Pure gold is said to be of 24 carats. Gold is alloyed with a small amount of silver or copper to make it hard.

Metals and Non-metals:


1. Metals generally occur as hard solid substances.	1. Non-metals generally occur in all the three forms of matter- solid, liquid and gases.
2. Metals are malleable and ductile.	2. Non-metals are non-malleable and non-ductile.
3. Metals produce ringing sound on striking which is called their sonorous property.	3. Non-metals do not show this sonorous property.
4. Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.	4. Non-metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity with the exception of graphite which is a good conductor of heat and electricity.

Chemical Properties of Metals and Non-metals. The reaction of metals with oxygen. Metals form their oxides when reacting with oxygen. Metal + Oxygen → Metal oxide Metal oxides are basic in nature. Example, Reaction of Iron metal with oxygen When iron reacts with moist air, it forms rust.

Rust is iron oxide. Articles made of iron, such as grills, fencing, etc. are getting rusted because of reaction with moist air. Iron (Fe) + Water (H 2 O) + Oxygen (O 2 ) → Fe 3 O 4 n.H 2 O (Iron II, III) Oxide (Rust) Rust is reddish brown in colour and is iron oxide. Iron oxide is basic in nature. It turns red litmus blue.

Rusting of iron can be prevented:

by galvanizing the iron articles with zinc coating.
by painting and applying grease on the articles.

The reaction of Magnesium metal with oxygen: When magnesium is burnt in air, it forms magnesium oxide. Burning in the air means reaction with oxygen. Magnesium + Oxygen (O 2 ) → MgO (Magnesium oxide)

Magnesium oxide forms magnesium hydroxide with water. The solution of Magnesium oxide turns red litmus paper blue. This means magnesium oxide is basic in nature. MgO + H 2 O → Mg(OH) 2 (Magnesium Hydroxide)

The reaction of Non-metals with oxygen: Non-metals form their oxides when they react with oxygen. Non-metal + Oxygen → Non-metal oxide Non-metal oxides are acidic in nature. Example., Reaction of sulphur with oxygen.

When sulphur is burnt in air, it forms sulphur dioxide. Sulphur + Oxygen (O 2 ) → SO 2 (Sulphur dioxide)

The solution of sulphur dioxide turns blue litmus paper red. Sulphur dioxide forms sulphurous acid when dissolved in water. Thus, sulphur dioxide is acidic in nature. SO 2 + H 2 O → Sulphurous acid (H 2 SO 3 )

The reaction of carbon with oxygen—When carbon is burnt in air, it forms carbon dioxide. Carbon + Oxygen (O 2 ) → CO 2 (Carbon dioxide)

You can observe that when coal (carbon) is burnt it forms smoke, which contains carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is acidic in nature. The solution of carbon dioxide in water turns blue litmus paper red. CO 2 + H 2 O → Carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3 )

The reaction of Metals and Non-metals with water: Generally, metals form respective hydroxides when they react with water. Metal + Water → Metal hydroxide The reaction of sodium metal with water: Sodium metal vigorously reacts with water and forms sodium hydroxide along with a lot of heat. Na + H 2 O → NaOH (Sodium hydroxide) + H 2 (Hydrogen) + Heat

Non-metals generally do not react with water. Rather some non-metals which react with air vigorously are stored in water. The reaction of metals and non-metals with dilute acid. Metals give hydrogen gas when they react with dilute acid. Metal + Acid → Hydrogen gas + Salt

The reaction of zinc with dilute acid. Zinc gives hydrogen gas along with zinc chloride when it reacts with hydrochloric acid. Similarly, zinc gives hydrogen gas along with zinc sulphate when it reacts with sulphuric acid. This method is used to produce hydrogen gas in the laboratory. Zn + H 2 SO 4 (Sulphuric acid) → ZnSO 4 (Zinc sulphate) + H 2 (Hydrogen)

The reaction of Aluminium with dilute acid. Aluminium gives hydrogen gas along with aluminium chloride when it reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid. 2Al + 6HCl (Hydrochloric acid) → 2AlCl 3 (Aluminium Chloride) + 3H 2 (Hydrogen)

Copper does not react with dilute sulphuric acid even on heating, but it reacts with concentrated sulphuric acid. Copper, silver and gold are considered as noble metals as do not react with dilute acid. Generally, non-metals do not react with dilute acid.

The reaction of metals and non-metals with the base. Metals give hydrogen gas when they react with a base. Metal + Base → Hydrogen gas + Salt The reaction of aluminium metal with sodium hydroxide. Al + NaOH (Sodium hydroxide) → NaAlO 2 (Sodium aluminate) + H 2 (Hydrogen) Aluminium metal forms hydrogen gas and sodium aluminate when it reacts with sodium hydroxide. Similarly, zinc gives sodium zincate and hydrogen gas when it reacts with sodium hydroxide.

Displacement Reaction: When a more reactive metal reacts with the salt solution of less reactive metal, more reactive metal displaces the less reactive metal from its solution. Metal A + Salt Solution of metal B → Salt Solution of metal A + metal B In the above equation, metal A is more reactive than metal B. Example., When aluminium metal is dipped in the solution of copper sulphate, it forms aluminium sulphate and copper. Al + CuSO 4 (Copper sulphate) → Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 (Aluminium Sulphate) + Cu (Copper) In the above reaction, aluminium is more reactive than copper, that is why it replaces copper from the solution of copper sulphate.

Metals and Non-metals Class 10 Notes Science Chapter 3 img-55

Roasting and Calcination:


1. It is done in case of sulphide ores.	1. It is done in case of carbonate ores.
2. In this, the ore is heated in the presence of air to convert it into oxide compound.	2. The carbonate ore is heated in the absence of air to convert into oxide.
3. The gas given out is SO (sulphur dioxide) gas.	3. The gas given out is CO (carbon dioxide) gas.
4. Example:	4. Example:

NCERT Notes for Class 10 Science

Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Class 10 Notes
Chapter 2 Acids Bases and Salts Class 10 Notes
Chapter 3 Metals and Non-metals Class 10 Notes
Chapter 4 Carbon and its Compounds Class 10 Notes
Chapter 5 Periodic Classification of Elements Class 10 Notes
Chapter 6 Life Processes Class 10 Notes
Chapter 7 Control and Coordination Class 10 Notes
Chapter 8 How do Organisms Reproduce Class 10 Notes
Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution Class 10 Notes
Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction Class 10 Notes
Chapter 11 Human Eye and Colourful World Class 10 Notes
Chapter 12 Electricity Class 10 Notes
Chapter 13 Magnetic Effects of Electric Current Class 10 Notes
Chapter 14 Sources of Energy Class 10 Notes
Chapter 15 Our Environment Class 10 Notes
Chapter 16 Management of Natural Resources Class 10 Notes

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NCERT Solutions for class-10 Science Chapter 3 Metals and Non-Metals is prepared by senior and renown teachers of Physics Wallah primary focus while solving science questions of class-10 is NCERT textbook, Read the theory of this chapter and try to understand the meaning and then after start writing the questions given in class-10 NCERT textbook for the chapter 3. NCERT Solutions are accessible in PDF format on Physics Wallah.com. Here all chapter lists with detailed examples for NCERT Solution for Class 10 Science.

Answer The Following Question.

1. Give an example of metal which

(i) is a liquid at room temperature.

(ii) can be easily cut with knife.

(iii) is best conductor of heat.

(iv) is poor conductor of heat.

(i) Mercury

(ii) Sodium

(iii) Silver

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2. Explain the meaning of malleable and ductile.

Solution : A substance that can be beaten into thin sheets is said to be malleable. For example, iron, copper etc. A substance that can be drawn into wires is called ductile. For example, gold, silver etc.

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3. Why is sodium kept immersed in kerosene oil?

Solution : Sodium reacts so vigorously with oxygen that it catches fire when kept in the opens. Hence, to protect accidental fires, it is kept immersed in kerosene oil.

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4. Write equation for the reaction of

(i) Iron with steam

(ii) Calcium and potassium with water

chapter 3-Metals and Non-metals/image001.png

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5. Samples of four metals A, B, C and D were taken and added to the following solution one by one. The results obtained have been tabulated as follows :

chapter 3-Metals and Non-metals/image002.png

Use the table given above to answer the f0llowing questions about metals A,B,C and D.

(i) Which is the most reactive metal?

(ii) What would you observe if B is added to a solution of Copper(II) sulphate?

(iii) Arrange the metals A, B,C and D in order of decreasing reactivity.

(i) B is the most reactive metal

(ii)If B is added to a solution of copper (II) sulphate, displacement reaction will take place. Blue colour of copper sulphate will fade and red –brown copper will settle down.

(iii) The decreasing order of reactivity is:

B> A> C >D

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6. Which gas is produced when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to reactive metal?

Solution : Hydrogen gas is evolved when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to a reactive metal. When iron reacts with dilute H 2 SO 4 , iron (II) sulphate with the evolution of hydrogen gas is formed.

Fe(s) + H 2 SO 4 (aq) → FeSO 4 (aq) + H 2 (g)

7. What would you observe when zinc is added to a solution of iron(II) sulphate? Write the chemical reaction that takes place.

Solution : As zinc is more reactive than iron, displacement reaction will take place

chapter 3-Metals and Non-metals/image004.png

8. (i) Write the electro-dot structures for sodium, oxygen, and magnesium.

(ii) Show the formation of Na 2 O and MgO by the transfer of electrons.

(iii) What are the ions present in these compounds?

(i) Electron-dot structure for sodium, oxygen and magnesium are

(iii) Ions present in Na 2 O are Na + and O 2-

Ions present in MgO are Mg 2+ and O 2-

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9. Why do ionic compounds have high melting points?

Solution : There are strong forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions in ionic compounds. Considerable amount of energy is required to break strong inter-ionic force of attraction. Therefore, they have high melting points.

10. Define the following terms :

(i) Minerals

(ii) Ores and

(iii) Gangue

(i) Minerals- the element or compounds which occur naturally in the earth crest are known as minerals.

(ii) Ores- Minerals from which metal can be extracted profitably and easily are called ores.

(iii) Gangue- Impurities such as soil and sand which are present in the minerals are called gangue.

11. Name two metals which are found in nature in the free state.

Solution : Gold and Platinum

12. What chemical process is used for obtaining a metal from its oxide?

Solution : A metal is obtained from its oxide by the process of reduction.

13. Metallic oxide of zinc, magnesium and copper were heated with following metals :

chapter 3-Metals and Non-metals/image007.png

In which case will you find displacement reactions tking place?

Solution : Based on the activity series of metals, the displacement reactions will take place as below:

chapter 3-Metals and Non-metals/image008.png

14. Which metals do not corrode easily?

Solution : Metals which are placed at the bottom of activity series like silver, gold, platinum do not corrode easily.

15. What are alloys?

Solution : An alloy is homogenous mixture of two or more metals or metal and non-metal. It is obtained by first melting primary metal and then dissolving the other element in it in definite proportion.

16. Which of the following pairs will give displacement reactions?

(a) NaCl solution and copper metal

(b) MgCl 2 solution and aluminum

(d) AgNO 3 solution and copper

Solution : (d) AgNO 3 solution and copper

17. Which of the following method is suitable for preventing an iron fry pan from rusting?

(a) Applying grease

(b) applying paint

(d) All of the above

Solution : (c) Applying coating of zinc

18. An element reacts with oxygen to give a compound with a high melting point. This compound is also soluble in water. The element is likely to be

(a) Calcium

Solution : (a) Calcium

19. Food cans are coated with tin and not zinc because

(a) Zinc is costlier than tin

(b) Zinc has higher melting point

(d) Zinc is less reactive than tin

Solution : (c) Zinc is more reactive than tin

20. You are given a hammer, a battery, a bulb, wires and switch.

(a) How could you use them to distinguish between samples of metals and non-metals?

(b) Asses the usefulness of these tests in distinguishing between metals and non-metals?

(a) Place the sample on an iron block. Strike with hammer. If the sample takes the shape of a sheet, it is a metal. If it breaks into pieces, it is a non-metal.

Set up the arrangement by using a bulb, a battery, wires and switch. Insert the samples of metals and non-metals in the clips one by one and turn the switch on. If the bulb glows, the sample is a metal, if not, then the sample is non-metal.

(b)The above two methods can, in general, be used to distinguish between metals and non-metals.

21. What are amphoteric oxides? Give two examples of amphoteric oxides.

Solution : Metal oxides which show both acidic as well as basic behavior are called amphoteric oxides. Such metal oxides react with both acids and bases.

Example: Aluminum oxide, zinc oxide

22. Name two metals which will displace hydrogen from dilute acids, and two metals which will not.

Solution : Magnesium and zinc metals displace hydrogen from dilute acids. Copper and silver do not displace hydrogen from dilute acids.

23. In the electrolytic refining of a metal M, what would you take as the anode, the cathode and the electrolyte?

Solution : Impure metal M is made the anode, thin strips of pure metal M as cathode and a salt solution of metal M as electrolyte.

24. Pratyush took Sulpher powder on spatula and heated it. He collected the gas evolved by inverting a test tube over it as shown in fig. 3.12 below :

(a) What will be the action of gas on

(i) Dry litmus paper?

(ii) Moist litmus paper?

(b)Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction taking place.

(a) Sulphur is a non-metal. Oxides of non-metals are acidic. In this case sulphur dioxide is produced which is acidic.

(i) No action of the gas

(ii) wet litmus paper will turn red.

chapter 3-Metals and Non-metals/image010.png

25. State two ways to prevent the rusting of iron.

Solution : Rusting of iron can be prevented by

(i) By applying grease or paint.

(ii) By galvanizing

26. What types of oxides are formed when non-metals combine with oxygen?

Solution : Acidic oxides are formed when non-metals combine with oxygen.

27. Give reasons :

(a) Platinum, gold and silver are used to make jewellery.

(b) Sodium, potassium and lithium are stored under oil.

(d) Carbonate and sulphides ores are usually converted into oxides during the process of extraction.

(a) These metals are un-reactive. They do not react with oxygen and other gases present in air and with moisture. Thus, their shine is maintained. That is why these metals are used to make jewellery.

(b) Reaction of sodium, potassium and lithium with oxygen is so violent that they catch fire. To prevent accidental fire, they are stored under kerosene oil.

(c) This is because aluminum is a good conductor of heat. Aluminum forms a layer of aluminum oxide at high temperature which is prevent the further corrosion.

(d) It is easier to reduce oxide than the carbonates and sulphide to the metals.

28. You must have seen tarnished copper vessels being cleaned with lemon or tamarind juice. Explain why these sour substances are effective in cleaning the vessels.

Solution : Copper, on keeping in air reacts with atmospheric carbon dioxide to form a green layer of copper carbonate. Copper carbonate reacts with citric acid present in lemon or tartaric acid present in tamarind to form soluble copper citrate or copper tartarate. The vessels are thus cleaned using water.

29. Differentiate between metal and non-metal on the basis of their chemical properties.

Solution : Metals and non-metals can be differentiated on the basis of following chemical properties.

30. A man went door to door posing as a goldsmith. He promised to bring back the glitter of the old and dull ornaments. An unsuspecting lady gave a set of gold bangles to him which he dipped in a particular solution. The bangles sparkled like new but their weight was reduced drastically. The lady was upset but after a futile argument the man beat a hasty retreat. Can you play the detective to find out the nature of the solution he had used?

Solution : Aqua regia, which is a mixture of 3 parts concentrated HCl and part of concentrated nitric acid dissolves gold. The man put the gold bangles in this solution. The outer dirty layer of gold bangles dissolved in aqua regia bring out the shining bangles. As the outer layer of bangles dissolved in aqua regia, the weight was reduced drastically.

31. Give reasons, why copper is used to make hot water tanks and not steel (an alloy of iron).

Solution : Electrical conductivity of a metal is decreased when it is alloyed with another metal or non-metal. Thus, the electrical conductivity of steel is much less than that of pure. That is why copper is used to make hot water tanks and not steel.

Recomended Books for CBSE Class 10th Board Exams

Chapter Wise NCERT Solutions of Class-10 Science

Chapter 1 Chemical Reaction and Equations

Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts

Chapter 3 Metals and Non-metals

Chapter 4 Carbon and its Compounds

Chapter 5 Periodic Classifications of Elements

Chapter 6 Life Processes

Chapter 7 Control and Cordination

Chapter 8 How to Organisms Reproduce

Chapter 9 Heridity and Revolution

Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

Chapter 11 The Human Eye and Colourful World

Chapter 12 Electricity

Chapter 13 Magnetic Effects of Electric Current

Chapter 14 Sources of Energy

Chapter 15 Our Environment

Chapter 16 Management of Natural Resources

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Metals and Non Metals

Study Reference for Class 10 Chapter 3 Metals and Non-metals

Metal
Zinc oxide
Magnesium oxide
Copper oxide

Metal
Zinc oxide
Magnesium oxide
Copper oxide


Metals are electropositive.	Non-metals are electronegative.
Oxides of metal are basic in nature.	Oxides of non-metals are acidic in nature.
Metals displace hydrogen from dilute acids.	They can't replace hydrogen from dilute acids.
Metals form chlorides which are electrovalent or ionic compounds.	Non-metals form chlorides which are covalent compounds.
They react with water to form oxides and hydroxides. Some metals react with cold water, some with hot water, and some with steam.	They do not react with water.

Chapter 3 Metals and Non Metals Class 10 NCERT Solutions

Ncert solutions for class 10 science chapters:.

Why do silver articles become black after sometime when exposed to air?

They get tarnished by reacting with atmospheric air to form silver sulphide. which gas is usually liberated when an acid reacts with a metal, name the metal which react with a very dilute hno 3 to evolve hydrogen gas, why does calcium floats on water, in the formation of a compound x, yatom 'x' gives one electron to an atom of 1'. what is the nature of bond in xy, contact form.

Physical Activity and Health Through Physical Education

First Online: 25 August 2024

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Physical education (PE) is an academic subject that provides the opportunity for students to learn the knowledge and skills needed to establish and maintain physically active lifestyles throughout their lifetime. Unequivocally, PE play a crucial role in augmenting physical activity (PA) daily levels, which are linked to a myriad of health benefits. One of the aims of this chapter is to provide an overview of findings from systematic reviews and meta-analyses that have explored PE’s influence on youth health, highlighting its impact on physical fitness, academic performance, cognition, and obesity-related factors within the educational framework. Despite the necessity of additional research, PE via PA programs has revealed improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, and academic outcomes and has shown a positive effect on obesity-related factors. The chapter emphasizes that PE offer unique opportunities for enhancing health in the school environment, which are not offered by other academic subjects. The chapter concludes by highlighting the necessity for ongoing research to better understand and advocate for PE’s importance in both public health and educational contexts.

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Lang JJ, Zhang K, Agostinis-Sobrinho C, Andersen LB, Basterfield L, Berglind D, et al. Top 10 international priorities for physical fitness research and surveillance among children and adolescents: a twin-panel Delphi study. Sport Med. 2023;53(2):549–64. https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40279-022-01752-6

Hall A, Lane C, Wolfenden L, Wiggers J, Sutherland R, McCarthy N, et al. Evaluating the scaling up of an effective implementation intervention (PACE) to increase the delivery of a mandatory physical activity policy in primary schools. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2023;20(1):106. https://ijbnpa.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12966-023-01498-y

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Muntaner-Mas, A. (2024). Physical Activity and Health Through Physical Education. In: García-Hermoso, A. (eds) Promotion of Physical Activity and Health in the School Setting. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-65595-1_7

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Our Environment Class 10 Notes CBSE Science Chapter 13 (Free PDF Download)

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 13 - Our Environment Revision Notes - Free PDF Download

The environment consists of both living and non-living things which co-exist naturally. It is a dynamic interaction of climatic factors, living things and natural resources. All of these elements have a direct impact on human survival and economic activities. The environment in totality is responsible for life on Earth. Class 10 th Biology Our Environment notes tell that environment consists of both biotic and abiotic factors. While biotic factors refer to living things, abiotic factors refer to non-living things. In a nutshell, the environment comprises of air, water, land and three major components- living things (humans and other creatures), naturally occurring non-living things and man-made things. All these are vividly explained in Our Environment Class 10 notes by Vedantu.

Vedantu is a platform that provides free CBSE Solutions (NCERT) and other study materials for students. You can download Class 10 Maths and Class 10 Science NCERT Solutions to help you to revise complete syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Download CBSE Class 10 Science Revision Notes 2024-25 PDF

Also, check CBSE Class 10 Science revision notes for All chapters:

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter-wise Notes







Chapter 15- Our Environment Notes

Access CBSE Class 10 Chapter 13 - Our Environment

Cbse class 10 science revision notes chapter-wise interlinks .

Follow the links given below to download and revise the other chapters of the CBSE Class 10 Science syllabus. These revision notes have been drafted by the Vedantu’s experienced teachers keeping in mind the latest syllabus, important points for last-minute revision and key aspects of the chapters. Make the most of your revision time with these quality-assured revision notes and score the maximum marks.

Chapter 1 - Chemical Reactions and Equations

Chapter 2 - Acids, Bases and Salts

Chapter 3 - Metals and Non-metals

Chapter 4 - Carbon and Its Compounds

Chapter 5 - Periodic Classification of Elements

Chapter 6 - Life Processes

Chapter 7 - Control and Coordination

Chapter 8 - How do Organisms Reproduce?

Chapter 9 - Heredity and Evolution

Chapter 10 - Light Reflection and Refraction

Chapter 11 - Human Eye and Colourful World

Chapter 12 - Electricity

Chapter 13 - Magnetic Effects of Electric Current

Chapter 14 - Sources of Energy

Chapter 16 - Management of Natural Resources

1. What Happens to the Environment When We Add Waste to it?

The environment of an organism refers to the physical and biological conditions in which the organism lives. The physical conditions consist of various factors like soil, temperature, light, etc. Whereas the biological conditions include the plants, animals, and microorganisms around it. A slight change in any of these conditions can affect the organism.

When the waste generated is added to the environment it disturbs the ecological balance. The wastes are broadly classified into two categories:-

Substances that can be broken down by biological processes are known as biodegradable. On the other hand, substances that can not be broken down by biological processes are known as non-biodegradable. These substances can be inert and remain in the environment for a very long time causing harm to the various members of the ecosystem.

2. What are the Components of the Ecosystem?

All organisms including plants, animals, microorganisms, and human beings interact with the physical surroundings as well as with each other to maintain balance in our environment.

An ecosystem is a community of organisms with their physical environment interacting with each other as an ecological unit, leading to the flow of energy. An ecosystem is made up of biotic components which include living organisms and abiotic components which include physical factors like temperature, rainfall, wind, soil, and minerals.

An ecosystem can be of two types:

Natural : Ponds, forests, and lakes are natural ecosystems

Artificial: garden and crop fields are man-made

In both of the above ecosystems, all living organisms interact with each other and their growth, reproduction, and some of the other activities are affected by the abiotic components of the ecosystem.

Organisms present in the ecosystem can be further categorized into producers, consumers, and decomposers in accordance with the manner in which they obtain their nutrition from the environment.

Producers are organisms that are capable of producing their own food without the help of any other organism. They are also called autotrophs. They synthesize their food from inorganic substances by a process called photosynthesis. Autotrophs are the green plants, phytoplankton, and blue-green algae.

Consumers are the organisms that do not produce food but depend directly or indirectly on producers for their food needs. These are called heterotrophs. Consumers can be further classified into herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, and parasites. For example Humans, snakes. Decomposers are the organisms that feed on dead and decaying matter and break down the complex organic substances into the simple inorganic substances. These simpler substances go into the soil and are used up again by the plants. Eg: Bacteria and fungi.

2.1 Food Chains and Webs:

The series of organisms that are taking part at various biotic levels constitute a food chain. Food chains signify the feeding relationship between the organisms in an ecosystem. In the food chain, the flow of energy from one species to another occurs. Every food chain always begins with producers.

The successive levels present in the food chains of a community are known as trophic levels. From autotrophs, the energy is passed to the heterotrophs and decomposers. When this energy is transferred from one level to the other level, some of the energy is lost to the environment in forms that cannot be used again. A common example of food chains are:-

Plants → Deer → Lion

The food chain consists of up to three or four trophic levels. Since the loss of energy at every step is so huge that a very small amount of usable energy remains when it reaches the fourth trophic level. The number of individuals at the lower trophic levels of an ecosystem is generally more therefore the largest number is of the producers.

The length and complexity of food chains differ. Every organism is in general eaten by two or more other kinds of organisms which in turn are eaten by several other organisms belonging to a higher level. This relationship between organisms can be shown by a series of branching lines known as the food web. Many cross-linked food chains constitute the food web.

The flow of energy between the trophic levels in any ecosystem is unidirectional. The energy that is captured by the autotrophs is passed to the higher trophic levels and energy does not revert back to the lower level. Some of the harmful chemicals enter our bodies through the food chain. For example use of several pesticides and other chemicals to protect the crops from diseases and pests runoff with water in the field which are taken up by the fishes entering in the food chain.

Biological magnification is a phenomenon by which harmful substances or chemicals accumulate from the lower trophic level to a higher one. As human beings are at the top level in any food chain, the maximum concentration of these harmful chemicals gets accumulated in the body which can cause death of the person.

3. How Does the Environment Affect Our Activities?

3.1 Ozone Layer and its Depletion.

Ozone molecule consists of three oxygen atoms. The ozone layer is present in the upper layer of the atmosphere i.e. stratosphere. It is a very deadly poison. It is responsible for causing skin cancer in human beings. Whereas, at the higher levels of the atmosphere, it protects us from harmful UV radiations of the sun which is dangerous to living organisms. Ozone depletion is the marked reduction of ozone molecules in the stratosphere due to chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) used in refrigerants and other coolants. Oxygen in the presence of ultraviolet rays gets broken down to nascent oxygen molecules. This nascent oxygen further reacts with the oxygen present in the atmosphere and forms ozone molecules.

In order to limit the damage to the ozone layer the release of CFC s into the atmosphere needs to be reduced instead alternatives should be used.

3.2 Managing the Garbage Produced:

Improvements in the lifestyle have to lead to greater amounts of waste material generation. Changes in the packaging of items have resulted in huge amounts of waste becoming non-biodegradable. Increased use of non-biodegradable items has left the environment polluted with them. In order to manage this waste we can do following:-

1. Use of concept of 3R's (reduce, reuse and recycle).

2. Separation of biodegradable and nonbiodegradable waste.

Ch 13 Class 10 Science Notes: Details of Ecosystem

An ecosystem consists of both biotic and abiotic components of a specific area. E.g. forest ecosystem, lake ecosystem and marine ecosystem as mentioned in Science Chapter 13 Class 10 notes.

In a specific geographical region, every living organism interconnects with each other. Their reproduction and growth and all other activities are dependent on abiotic components of the ecosystem.

Green plants can produce food by using photosynthesis, so they are called producers.

The species depending directly or indirectly on the organisms are called herbivores, carnivores and omnivores.

Animals that eat plants are called herbivores and they are also known as primary consumers. E.g. cow, goat, deer.

Animals that eat other animals are called carnivores and are known as secondary consumers. E.g. lion, tiger, snake

Animals that eat both are called omnivores.

The microorganisms like fungi, bacteria break down all dead remains and are called decomposers.

Class 10 Science Chapter 13 Notes: Food Chain

The concept of the food chain is an important part of Ch 13 Science Class 10 notes. A brief overview of it is given below:

A food chain is formed by a series of animals that feed each other.

A trophic level is formed by each level.

Autotrophs appear in the first trophic level.

Herbivores are present in the second trophic level.

Small carnivores are present in the third trophic level and the larger ones in the fourth trophic level.

Notes of Chapter 13 Science Class 10: Human Activities Affecting The Environment

According to Class 10 th Science Chapter 13 notes, there are various human activities that affect the environment.

Plastic Production

The invention of plastics has created a problematic situation for the earth. Waste plastics are present everywhere on the globe, even in the ocean. The use of plastics leaves a long-lasting consequence on the Earth. The estimated amount of plastics produced annually is 5.2 trillion. The plastics that are present in the water destroy the ecosystem and change the reproductive pattern of the animals.

Emission of Carbon Dioxide and Greenhouse Gases

Emission of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases are induced by humans through man-made products and combustion of fossil fuel. In order to generate energy, the world’s population has been largely dependent on the carbon-rich fossils such as oil, coal and gas. Nowadays, the level of carbon dioxide is rising surprisingly than ever. This has caused a rise in the global temperature and the sea level.

Overexploitation and Overhunting

Overexploitation and overhunting of natural resources with activities such as mining and fishing are causing a reduction in plants and animals. The existence of plants and animals has been affected by overexploitation and overhunting. Such activities do not allow replenishment or growth and development. Extinction and destruction are caused by overhunting.

Class 10th Ch 13 Science Notes: Manage the Environment Impact of Your Work

Class 10 Chapter 13 science notes presents students with various ways in which one can reduce his or her dangerous impact on the environment

Work activities and usage of resources should be organized so that they are effective and efficient. One also needs to comply with environmental policies and legal requirements.

Environmental impact of one’s activities should be identified and used responsibly.

Risks should be identified and reported that is out of one’s control.

People should be encouraged so that they contribute their part in improving the environment.

Why Choose Vedantu

Vedantu involves expert and experienced teachers to prepare the notes. Thus, the quality of the solution is never compromised. Moreover, the notes are completely syllabus-oriented and written in easy language. Students can avail the materials from the official website free of cost and there are PDF versions also which makes it easier to read from.

FAQs on Our Environment Class 10 Notes CBSE Science Chapter 13 (Free PDF Download)

1. What is ‘ecosystem’ and what are its components?

An ecosystem is formed by the interaction of living and nonliving components present in an area. Components of the ecosystem are: Biotic and abiotic

2. What is the role of the ozone layer and how it is being depleted?

The ozone layer protects the earth from all the harmful UV radiations of the sun. It is being depleted because of the excessive use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) by humans.

3. Give an example of a natural and artificial ecosystem?

Natural ecosystem – Pond

Artificial ecosystem – Crop field

4. What is a food chain?

Various organisms feed on each other at various levels. The series in which these organisms take part at different biotic levels is called a food chain. Each level in the food chain makes a trophic level. The producers or the autotrophs constitute the first level. The second level is constituted by the primary consumers, the herbivores. The third level comprises the small carnivores or the secondary consumers. And, the fourth level consists of the tertiary consumers, the large carnivores.

5. What is a food web?

A food chain can be a complicated series where one organism may be consumed by two or more kinds of organisms. So, instead of consumption taking place in a straight line, there are branching lines that portray this relation. This is called the food web. In simpler words, a food web consists of multiple food chains. To know more about food webs and other topics from this chapter, you can check out Vedantu CBSE Class 10 Science Notes Chapter 13 Our Environment.

6. What is biological magnification?

It is important to note that through the food chain harmful chemicals and other substances get into human bodies. The chemicals used in the pesticides and insecticides are absorbed by the solid which is taken up by plants along with water and minerals. These stored chemicals in plants are consumed by animals. At each trophic level, these chemicals get accumulated and since humans are at the top level, they consume the maximum level of chemicals. This process is biological magnification.

7. What are CFCs?

CFCs are chlorofluorocarbons. These are synthetic chemicals that are commonly used in fire extinguishers and refrigeration. CFCs are quite popular in air conditioners and refrigerators. The gas which is released by CFCs is the main cause behind the depletion of ozone in the atmosphere. In the United Nations Environment Programme (1987), an agreement was signed to stop the use of CFCs in refrigerators by manufacturing companies. It is now compulsory to produce CFC-free refrigerators.

8. Mention two features of the energy flow in an ecosystem.

First, the energy flow is unidirectional, which means that the energy that is consumed by the producers or the autotrophs from the sun cannot be reverted to the solar input. Likewise, the energy that is passed to the carnivores by consuming herbivores cannot be reverted to herbivores. Second, the available energy at each trophic level gets diminished due to the loss of energy at each level. These are the two main features of the energy flow.

CBSE Previous Year Question Papers for Class 10

NCERT Exemplar
Science Exemplar Class 10
Metals And Non Metals

NCERT Exemplar Class 10 Science Solutions for Chapter 3 - Metals and Non-metals

Ncert exemplar solutions class 10 science chapter 3 – free pdf download.

NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Metals and Non-metals are available here for free download. These solutions will enable students to develop a clear understanding of important topics as well as different types of questions. Students can also go through the answers provided, and once they get acquainted with the NCERT Exemplar, they will be able to study productively and perform well in the board exam. NCERT Exemplar Class 10 Science Chapter 3 is available here in PDF for easy access and download.

Students already know that, in Chemistry, elements are classified as metals and non-metals. In Chapter 3 of the Class 10 Science textbook, they will explore the topic in more detail. They will learn about the physical as well as the chemical properties of metals and non-metals and the main differences between the two, extraction methods , and recognise and classify chemical reactions or changes.

Download the PDF of NCERT Exemplar for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 – Metals and Non-metals

NCERT Exemplar solution class 10 Science Chapter 3 part 01

Access Answers to NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 10 Science Chapter 3 – Metals and Non-metals

Multiple-choice questions.

1. Which of the following property is generally not shown by metals?

(a) Electrical conduction

(b) Sonorous in nature

(d) Ductility

Answer is (c) Dullness

2. The ability of metals to be drawn into thin wires is known as

(a) ductility

(b) malleability

(d) conductivity

The answer is (a) ductility

Explanation:

Ductility is the property of metals to be drawn into thin wire.
Malleability is the property of metals to be drawn into a thin wire
Sonorousity is the ability of a metal to be sonorous in nature, which means it is capable of making a deep, ringing sound.
Conductivity is the ability to conduct electricity

3. Aluminium is used for making cooking utensils. Which of the following properties of aluminium are responsible for the same?

(i) Good thermal conductivity

(ii) Good electrical conductivity

(iii) Ductility

(iv) High melting point

(a) (i) and (ii)

(b) (i) and (iii)

(d) (i) and (iv)

The answer is (d) (i) and (iv)

Ductility and electric conductivity have no relation to cooking hence thermal conductivity, and high melting point are the right answers.

4. Which one of the following metals does not react with cold as well as hot water?

The answer is (d) Fe

Sodium and Calcium react vigorously with water and Magnesium reacts with hot water to form Magnesium Oxide. Iron does not react with cold and hot water, but it reacts with steam.

5. Which of the following oxide(s) of iron would be obtained on the prolonged reaction of iron with steam?

(d) Fe2O3 and Fe3O4

The answer is (c) Fe3O4

3Fe+4H 2 O →Fe 3 O4+4H 2

6. What happens when calcium is treated with water?

(i) It does not react with water

(ii) It reacts violently with water

(iii) It reacts less violently with water

(iv) Bubbles of hydrogen gas formed stick to the surface of calcium

(a) (i) and (iv)

(b) (ii) and (iii)

(d) (iii) and (iv)

The answer is (d) (iii) and (iv)

Calcium reacts vigorously with water and forms hydrogen, which will make calcium to float.

7. Generally, metals react with acids to give salt and hydrogen gas. Which of the following acids does not give hydrogen gas on reacting with metals (except Mn and Mg)?

(d) All of these

Answer is (c) HNO3

Nitric acid is a powerful oxidizing agent. It reacts with the metal to form water.

8. The composition of aqua-regia is

(a) Dil.HCl: Conc. HNO3 3: 1

(b) Conc.HCl: Dil. HNO3 3 : 1

(d) Dil.HCl: Dil.HNO3 3: 1

The answer is (c) Conc.HCl: Conc.HNO3 3: 1

9. Which of the following are not ionic compounds?

(d) (i) and (iii )

The answer is (b) (ii) and (iii)

HCl and CCl4 are covalent compounds; hence they cannot be ionic.

10. Which one of the following properties is not generally exhibited by ionic compounds?

(a) Solubility in water

(b) Electrical conductivity in solid-state

(d) Electrical conductivity in a molten state

The answer is (b) Electrical conductivity in solid-state

In an ionic compound, free ions are not available in a solid-state; hence solid ionic compounds cannot conduct electricity.

11. Which of the following metals exist in their native state in nature?

The answer is (c) (ii) and (iv)

Gold and silver are non-reactive metals because of they are non-reactive they exist in their native state in nature.

12. Metals are refined by using different methods. Which of the following metals are refined by electrolytic refining?

Sodium and potassium are at the top in the reactivity series hence they can be refined by electrolytic refining.

13. Silver articles become black on prolonged exposure to air. This is due to the formation of

(d) Ag 2 S and Ag3N

Answer is (c) Ag 2 S

Silver metal reacts with sulphur present in the atmosphere to form Ag 2 S. Ag2S is responsible for black colouration of silver articles.

14. Galvanisation is a method of protecting iron from rusting by coating it with a thin layer of

(a) Gallium

(b) Aluminium

The answer is(c) Zinc

Galvanization is a process of applying a layer of Zinc on iron by using electrolysis.

15. Stainless steel is a very useful material for our life. In stainless steel, iron is mixed with

(a) Ni and Cr

(b) Cu and Cr

(d) Cu and Au

The answer is (a) Ni and Cr

Explanation :

Stainless steel is an alloy of Iron, Nicker and chromium. This alloy makes the metal strong, durable and corrosion-resistant.

16. If copper is kept open in the air, it slowly loses its shining brown surface and gains a green coating. It is due to the formation of

The answer is (d) CuO

On exposure to air, copper reacts to atmospheric oxygen to form copper oxide layer which is green in colour.

17. Generally, metals are solid in nature. Which one of the following metals is found in liquid state at room temperature?

The answer is (d) Hg

18. Which of the following metals are obtained by electrolysis of their chlorides in molten state?

(b) (iii) and (iv)

(d) (i) and (ii)

The answer is (d) (i) and (ii)

Sodium and Calcium are in the top, in reactivity series

19. Generally, non-metals are not lustrous. Which of the following nonmetal is lustrous?

(a) Sulphur

The answer is (d) Iodine

20. Which one of the following four metals would be displaced from the solution of its salts by the other three metals?

The answer is (b) Ag

Because silver is a non-reactive metal, it can be displaced easily.

21. 2 mL each of concentrated HCl, HNO3 and a mixture of concentrated HCl and concentrated HNO3 in the ratio of 3: 1 were taken in test tubes labelled as A, B and C. A small piece of metal was put in each test tube. No change occurred in test tubes A and B, but the metal got dissolved in test tube C respectively. The metal could be

The answer is (b) Au

Answer is gold because solution C is a mixture of Concentrated HCL and Concentrated HNO 3 which is called aqua regia. Aqua Regia dissolves gold.

22. An alloy is

(a) an element

(b) a compound

(d) a heterogeneous mixture

The answer is (c) a homogeneous mixture

An Alloy is a homogeneous mixture because its composition is uniform.

23. An electrolytic cell consists of

(i) positively charged cathode

(ii) negatively charged anode

(iii) positively charged anode

(iv) negatively charged cathode

(d) (ii) ad (iv)

The answer is (b) (iii) and (iv)

24. During electrolytic refining of zinc, it gets

(a) deposited on cathode

(b) deposited on anode

(d) remains in the solution

The answer is (a) deposited on cathode

Zinc is positively charged hence it moves towards the negatively charged cathode.

25. An element, A, is soft and can be cut with a knife. This is very reactive to air and cannot be kept open in the air. It reacts vigorously with water. Identify the element from the following

The answer is (b) Na

Sodium is soft which can be cut with a knife. Sodium reacts with water and air vigorously hence it is kept in kerosene.

26. Alloys are homogeneous mixtures of a metal with a metal or nonmetal. Which among the following alloys contain non-metal as one of its constituents?

The answer is (d) Steel

Steel is an alloy made up of carbon and iron where carbon is a non-metal.

27. Which among the following statements is incorrect for magnesium metal?

(a) It burns in oxygen with a dazzling white flame

(b) It reacts with cold water to form magnesium oxide and evolves hydrogen gas

(d) It reacts with steam to form magnesium hydroxide and evolves hydrogen gas

The answer is (b) It reacts with cold water to form magnesium oxide and evolves hydrogen gas

Magnesium reacts with cold water to form magnesium oxide and evolves hydrogen gas is a wrong statement because Magnesium Hydroxide is formed, not Magnesium oxide.

28. Which among the following alloys contain mercury as one of its constituents?

(a) Stainless steel

(d) Zinc amalgam

The answer is (d) Zinc amalgam

Zinc amalgam is an alloy of Mercury and Zinc

29. Reaction between X and Y, forms compound Z. X loses electron and Y gains electron. Which of the following properties is not shown by Z?

(a) Has a high melting point

(b) Has a low melting point

(d) Occurs as solid

The answer is (b) Has a low melting point

Here Z is an ionic compound and Ionic compounds have melting point hence option b) is a wrong statement.

30. The electronic configurations of three elements X, Y and Z are X — 2, 8; Y — 2, 8, 7 and Z — 2, 8, 2. Which of the following is correct?

(a) X is a metal

(b) Y is a metal

(d) Y is a non-metal and Z is a metal

The answer is (d) Y is a non-metal and Z is a metal

Element Y has 3 electrons in its outer, which is electronegative in nature. Z has 2 electrons in its outermost shell hence it is electropositive. Hence it is a metal.

31. Although metals form basic oxides, which of the following metals form an amphoteric oxide?

The answer is (c) Al

Oxides of Aluminum are both acidic and basic in nature. Hence aluminium oxides are amphoteric in nature.

32. Generally, non-metals are not conductors of electricity. Which of the following is a good conductor of electricity?

(a) Diamond

(b) Graphite

(d) Fullerene

The answer is (b) Graphite

33. Electrical wires have a coating of an insulating material. The material, generally used is

(d) All can be used

Answer is (c) PVC

Sulphur is brittle in nature; hence it can be used and Graphite is a good conductor of electricity hence it cannot be used as an insulator.

34. Which of the following non-metals is a liquid?

(b) Bromine

(d) Sulphur

The answer is (b) Bromine

35. Which of the following can undergo a chemical reaction?

(a) MgSO 4 + Fe

(b) ZnSO 4 + Fe

(d) CuSO 4 + Fe

The answer is (d) CuSO 4 + Fe

Iron is more reactive than copper hence it displaces copper in the reaction to form Feso 4.

36. Which one of the following figures correctly describes the process of electrolytic refining?

The answer is b)

Copper ions are dispersed from the positively charged anode and deposited on the negatively charged cathode.

Short Answer Questions

37. Iqbal treated a lustrous, divalent element M with sodium hydroxide. He observed the formation of bubbles in a reaction mixture. He made the same observations when this element was treated with hydrochloric acid. Suggest how can he identify the produced gas. Write chemical equations for both the reactions.

To identify the produced gas, a lighted matchstick should be brought near the gas. If the matchstick burns with a “pop” sound, it indicates the evolution of Hydrogen gas.

M+ 2NaOH → Na 2 MO 2 + H 2

M+ 2HCl →MCl 2 +H 2

38. During the extraction of metals, electrolytic refining is used to obtain pure metals. (a) Which material will be used as anode and cathode for refining of silver metal by this process? (b) Suggest a suitable electrolyte also. (c) In this electrolytic cell, where do we get pure silver after passing electric current?

During extraction of metals, impure metal will be used as an anode, and pure metal is used as a cathode for refining of silver metal by this electrolytic refining.
Silver Sulphate or Silver Nitrate
Pure silver is obtained on the cathode

39. Why should the metal sulphides and carbonates be converted to metal oxides in the process of extraction of metal from them?

Metal sulphides and carbonates are converted to metal oxides in the process of extraction of metal from them because metals can be obtained easier in oxide form than its sulphide or carbonate form.

40. Generally, when metals are treated with mineral acids, hydrogen gas is liberated, but when metals (except Mn and Mg), treated with HNO3, hydrogen is not liberated, why?

HNO 3 is a strong oxidizing agent. It oxidises the liberated Hydrogen into the water while converting itself to nitrogen oxide.

41. Compound X and aluminium are used to join railway tracks. (a) Identify the compound X (b) Name the reaction (c) Write down its reaction.

Answer is Fe 2 O 3
The involved reaction is a thermite reaction which is also called as aluminothermy
Fe2O3(s) + 2Al(s)→ Al2O3 (s) + 2Fe(s) + Heat Ferric oxide Aluminium Aluminium Iron Oxide.

42. When a metal X is treated with cold water, it gives a basic salt Y with molecular formula XOH (Molecular mass = 40) and liberates a gas Z which easily catches fire. Identify X, Y and Z and also write the reaction involved.

X is Na because the molecular mass of NaOH is 40.

Hence Y is NaOH

Z is hydrogen has which catches fire when reacts with water.

2Na+2H 2 O → 2NaOH+H 2

43. A non-metal X exists in two different forms Y and Z. Y is the hardest natural substance, whereas Z is a good conductor of electricity. Identify X, Y and Z.

X is Carbon, Y and Z are Diamond and Graphite, which are allotropes of the carbon.

44. The following reaction takes place when the aluminium powder is heated with MnO2

3 MnO 2 (s) + 4 Al (s) → 3 Mn (l) + 2 Al2O3 (l) + Heat

(a) Is aluminium getting reduced? (b) Is MnO2 getting oxidised?

In this reaction, aluminium gets oxidized as oxygen gets combined with it. Since oxygen is removed from MnO 2, it is getting reduced.

45. What are the constituents of solder alloy? Which property of solder makes it suitable for welding electrical wires?

Solder alloy is made of Lead and aluminium. Its low melting point makes it suitable for welding electrical wires.

46. A metal A, which is used in thermite process, when heated with oxygen gives an oxide B, which is amphoteric in nature. Identify A and B. Write down the reactions of oxide B with HCl and NaOH.

Metal A is Aluminium and B is Al→ 2 O 3

Al 2 O 3 + 6HCl →2AlCl 3 +3H 2 O

Al 2 O 3 +2NaOH →2NaAlO2+H2O

47. A metal that exists as a liquid at room temperature is obtained by heating its sulphide in the presence of air. Identify the metal and its ore and give the reaction involved.

Mercury is the metal which is liquid at room temperature. The Ore of Mercury is Cinnabar. When we heat cinnabar in atmospheric oxygen, the following reaction takes place.

2HgS + 3O 2 → 2HgO + 2SO 2

Mercuric oxide is again heated to get Mercury and Oxygen

2HgO $\begin{array}{l}\overset{heat}{\rightarrow}\end{array} $ Hg+O 2

48. Give the formulae of the stable binary compounds that would be formed by the combination of the following pairs of elements.

(a) Mg and N2

(b) Li and O2

(d) K and O2

Magnesium Nitride (Mg 3 N 2 )
Lithium Oxide( Li 2 O)
Aluminium Chloride( AlCl 3 )
Potassium Oxide ( K 2 O)

49. What happens when

(a) ZnCO3 is heated in the absence of oxygen?

(b) a mixture of Cu2O and Cu2S is heated?

a) When ZnCO3 is heated in the absence of oxygen Zinc Oxide and Carbon-di-oxide are liberated.

ZnCo 3 →ZnO + CO 2

b) When a mixture of Cu2O and Cu2S is heated, we get pure copper

2 Cu 2 O+ Cu 2 S →6Cu+SO 2

50. A non-metal A is an important constituent of our food and forms two oxides B and C. Oxide B is toxic whereas C causes global warming

(a) Identify A, B and C

(b) To which Group of Periodic Table does A belong?

a) A is Carbon. B is Carbon monoxide and C is Carbon-dioxide

b) Group 14

51. Give two examples each: The metals that are good conductors and poor conductors of heat, respectively.

Good conductors- Iron and Copper

Bad conductors- Lead and Mercury

52. Name one metal and one non-metal that exist in a liquid state at room temperature. Also, name two metals having a melting point less than 310 K (37°C)

Mercury and Bromine are liquid at room temperature. Caesium and Gallium are the metals whose melting point is less than 310K(37°c).

53. An element A reacts with water to form a compound B which is used in whitewashing. The compound B on heating forms an oxide C which on treatment with water gives back B. Identify A, B and C and give the reactions involved.

A is calcium, B is calcium Hydroxide, and C is Calcium Oxide.

Ca+2H 2 O →Ca(OH) 2 + H 2

Ca(OH) 2 →CaO+H 2 O

CaO+H 2 O→ Ca(OH) 2

54. An alkali metal A gives a compound B (molecular mass = 40) on reacting with water. The compound B gives a soluble compound C on treatment with aluminium oxide. Identify A, B and C and give the reaction involved.

A is sodium and B is Sodium Hydroxide. Because the molecular mass of NaOH is 40. So C is Sodium Aluminate.

Al 2 O 3 +2NaOH →2NaAlO 2 +H 2 O

55. Give the reaction involved during the extraction of zinc from its ore by (a) roasting of zinc ore (b) calcination of zinc ore

2ZnS + 3O 2 →2ZnO + 2SO 2 .
ZnCo 3 →ZnO+CO

56. A metal M does not liberate hydrogen from acids but reacts with oxygen to give a black colour product. Identify M and black coloured product and also explain the reaction of M with oxygen.

Copper is the metal which does not react with acids. With oxygen, it forms Copper Oxide.

Metal M is Copper and black coloured product is copper oxide.

2Cu+ O 2 →2CuO

57. An element forms an oxide A2O3 which is acidic in nature. Identify A as metal or non-metal.

A is a non-metal because oxides of non-metals are acidic in nature.

58. A solution of CuSO4 was kept in an iron pot. After a few days, the iron pot was found to have a number of holes in it. Explain the reason in terms of reactivity. Write the equation of the reaction involved.

Iron is more reactive than copper hence Iron displaces Copper to produce FeSO 4 . In this process, a portion of Iron Gets dissolved which results in Holes in the pot.

Fe+ CuSO 4 →FeSO 4 + Cu

Long Answer Questions

59. A non-metal A which is the largest constituent of air, when heated with H2 in 1:3 ratio in the presence of a catalyst (Fe) gives a gas B. On heating with O2 it gives an oxide C. If this oxide is passed into water in the presence of air, it gives an acid D which acts as a strong oxidising agent.

(a) Identify A, B, C and D

(b) To which group of periodic table does this non-metal belong?

a)Non-metal “A” is nitrogen because it is the largest constituent of air which constitute around 78% of the gases. B is Ammonia, C is Nitrogen-di-oxide and D is Nitric acid.

When heated with H2 in 1:3 ratio in the presence of a catalyst (Fe) following reaction takes place.

3N 2 +3H 2 →2NH 3

On heating Nitrogen with O2, it gives nitrogen-di-oxide

N 2 +3O →2NO 2

When nitrogen-dioxide is passed into the water in the presence of air, it gives Nitric acid

NO 2 + H 2 O →HNO 3

b)Nitrogen belongs to group 15

60. Give the steps involved in the extraction of metals of low and medium reactivity from their respective sulphide ores.

During the extraction of metals of low and medium reactivity from their respective sulphide ores.

They are first heated in the presence of atmospheric oxygen. This step will give out oxides of metal. This step is used as it is a more efficient method to extract methods.

Ex: Cinnabar is heated in air to get mercuric sulphide to oxidize to produce mercuric oxide.

2HgS+3O 2 →2HgO+2SO 2

Mercuric oxide is further heat to get Mercury

2HgO→ 2Hg+O 2

Zinc is a metal of medium reactivity, and its ore is Zinc Blende

Zinc Blend is roasted to get Zinc oxide

2ZnS+3O 2 →2ZnO+2SO 2

ZNCO 3 →ZnO+ CO 2

Zinc oxide when heated wit CO 2 Zinc is obtained

ZnO+C→ Zn+CO

61. Explain the following

(a) Reactivity of Al decreases if it is dipped in HNO3

(b) Carbon cannot reduce the oxides of Na or Mg

(c) NaCl is not a conductor of electricity in the solid-state whereas it does conduct electricity in aqueous solution as well as in molten state

(d) Iron articles are galvanised.

(e) Metals like Na, K, Ca and Mg are never found in their free state in nature.

a) Reactivity of Aluminium decreases if it is dipped in HNO 3 because HNO 3 is a strong oxidizing agent. Here, a layer of aluminium oxide gets deposited, because of which the reactivity of aluminium gets reduced.

(b) Carbon cannot reduce the oxides of Na or Mg because these are highly reactive metals. Na and Mg have a higher affinity to oxygen than carbon. Hence carbon fails to reduce the oxides of Na and Mg.

(c) NaCl is not a conductor of electricity in the solid-state whereas it does conduct electricity in aqueous solution as well as in molten state because NaCl is an ionic compound. Ionic compounds cannot conduct electricity in the solid-state, but they can conduct electricity in aqueous solution and in a molten state.

d) Iron readily reacts with atmospheric oxygen and forms rust. To avoid rusting of iron, it is galvanized.

e) Metals like Na, K, Ca and Mg are highly reactive metals. They can form compounds with almost every element. Because of this, they are not found in their native form in nature.

62. (i) Given below are the steps for extraction of copper from its ore. Write the reaction involved.

(a) Roasting of copper (1) sulphide

(b) Reduction of copper (1) oxide with copper (1) sulphide.

(ii) Draw a neat and well-labelled diagram for electrolytic refining of copper

2Cu 2 S+3O 2 →2Cu 2 O+SO 2
2Cu 2 O+ Cu 2 S →6Cu+ SO 2
Cu +2+ 2e – → Cu

63. Of the three metals X, Y and Z. X reacts with cold water, Y with hot water and Z with steam only. Identify X, Y and Z and also arrange them in order of increasing reactivity.

X reacts with cold water.

Hence, the element should be Sodium

Na + H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂

Y reacts with hot water; hence, it is “Magnesium.”

Mg + H₂O → Mg(OH)₂ + H₂

Z reacts with steam only. Hence, it is Iron

Fe + H₂O → Fe₂O₃+ H₂

Arranging in ascending order (increasing order of reactivity)

Fe < Mg < Ca

64. An element A burns with golden flame in the air. It reacts with another element B, atomic number 17 to give a product C. An aqueous solution of product C on electrolysis gives a compound D and liberates hydrogen. Identify A, B, C and D. Also, write down the equations for the reactions involved.

Element A is Sodium because it will burn with a golden flame in the air.

Element B is Chlorine for its atomic number is 17.

Product C is Sodium Chloride

2Na +CL 2 →2NaCl

Product D is Sodium hydroxide

2NaCl+ 2H 2 O→ 2NaOH+ Cl 2 +H 2

65. Two ores A and B were taken. On heating ore A gives CO2 whereas, ore B gives SO2. What steps will you take to convert them into metals?

Ore A gives CO2 on heating hence it is a carbonate ore

Steps involved in Extraction of ore A

a) Calcination

Ore is heated in a limited supply of air to obtain a metal oxide

ACO3→ AO+ CO2

b)Reduction

The metal oxide is reduced with coke to obtain metal.

AO+C→ A+ CO

Ore B is a sulphide ore

The steps involved in the extraction of element B are

a) Roasting

Ore is heated in the presence of air to obtain a metal oxide

2BS+3O 2 → 2BO+2SO 2

b) Reduction

The metal oxide is reduced to metal by carbon

NCERT Exemplar Class 10 Science Chapter 3

Metals and non-metals Class 10 Exemplar provides you with the necessary insights on the concepts involved and makes you ready to face different kinds of questions. This exemplar has Metals and Non-metals Class 10 important questions and answers, extra questions, question bank and important questions taken from the previous years’ question papers .

Important Topics of Class 10 Metals and Non-metals


3.1	Physical Properties
3.1.1	Metals
3.1.2	Non-metals
3.2	Chemical Properties of Metals
3.2.1	What Happens When Metals Are Burnt in Air?
3.2.2	What Happens When Metals React with Water?
3.2.3	What Happens When Metals React with Acids?
3.2.4	How Do Metals React with Solutions of Other Metal Salts?

The schools affiliated with CBSE are advised to follow the NCERT curriculum and textbooks. NCERT textbooks are one of the best study materials for the students of Class 10 NCERT, with all topics covered in the CBSE syllabus (updated 2023-2024).

To score good marks in the board examination, students should solve previous years’ question papers and sample papers. Solving the previous years’ question papers will help them to get familiar with the difficulty level of the questions and the marking scheme. For comprehensive learning opportunities, visit BYJU’S website or download BYJU’S – The Learning App.

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Case Study Chapter 3 Metals and Non-Metals
These case based questions are expected to come in your exams this year. Please practise these case study based Class 10 Science Questions and answers to get more marks in examinations. Case Study Questions Chapter 3 Metals and Non-Metals. Case/Passage - 1. Metals are electropositive elements. They can easily lose electrons to form ions.
Case Study and Passage Based Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3
In CBSE Class 10 Science Paper, Students will have to answer some questions based on Assertion and Reason. There will be a few questions based on case studies and passage based as well. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked. Here, we have provided case … Continue reading Case Study and Passage Based Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 ...
Case Study Questions Class 10 Science Metals and Nonmetals
CBSE Case Based Questions Class 10 Science Chemistry Chapter 3. CASE STUDY :1. Ores mined from the earth are usually contaminated with large amounts of impurities such as soil, sand, etc., called gangue. The impurities must be removed from the ore prior to the extraction of the metal. The processes Several steps are involved in the extraction ...
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Here, we have provided case-based/passage-based questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Metals And Non-Metals. Case Study/Passage-Based Questions. Question 1: The arrangement of metals in a vertical column in the decreasing order of their reactivities is called the reactivity series or activity series of metals.
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Here, we have provided case-based/passage-based questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Metals And Non-Metals. Case Study/Passage-Based Questions. Question 1: The arrangement of metals in a vertical column in the decreasing order of their reactivities is called the reactivity series or activity series of metals.
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The Chapter wise Important case study based questions with their solved answers in CBSE Class 10 Science can be accessed from the table below: CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions ...
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Selfstudys provides case studies for the Class 10 Science chapter Metals and Non-Metals with solutions. The Solutions can be helpful for students to refer to if there is a doubt in any of the case studies problems. The solutions from the Selfstudys website are easily accessible and free of cost to download. This accessibility can help students ...
Case Study Questions Class 10 Science
Class 10 Science Sample Papers with case study questions are available in the myCBSEguide App. There are 4 such questions (Q.No.17 to 20) in the CBSE model question paper. If you analyze the format, you will find that the MCQs are very easy to answer. So, we suggest you, read the given paragraph carefully and then start answering the questions.
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To support your preparation for Class 10 Science examinations, we have created a comprehensive PDF resource containing a collection of case study questions designed specifically for this subject. This PDF includes a variety of case studies covering different topics in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. It will provide you with ample practice ...
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Case Study Questions Class 10 Science. In board exams, students will find the questions based on assertion and reasoning. Also, there will be a few questions based on case studies. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked. Case Study Questions for Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations.
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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Intext Questions. Class 10 Metals and Non Metals NCERT Book Page Number: 40. (i) is a liquid at room temperature. (ii) can be easily cut with a knife. (iii) is the best conductor of heat. (iv) is a poor conductor of heat. Explain the meanings of malleable and ductile.
Case Study and Passage Based Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10
In CBSE Class 10 Science Paper, Students will have to answer some questions based on Assertion and Reason. There will be a few questions based on case studies and passage based as well. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked. Here, we have provided case … Continue reading Case Study and Passage Based Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 ...
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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Intext Questions. (i) is a liquid at room temperature. (ii) can be easily cut with a knife. (iii) is the best conductor of heat. (iv) is a poor conductor of heat. Answer: (i) Metal that exists in liquid state at room temperature → Mercury.
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CBSE Class 10 Science Notes Chapter 3 Metals And Non-Metals. Download PDF. In a periodic table, all elements found on the planet have been appropriately ordered based on their increasing atomic numbers. There are a total of 118 elements known to us, 92 of which are derived naturally, and the remaining 26 are created artificially in the laboratory.
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CBSE Class 10th - SCIENCE : Chapterwise Case Study Question & Solution. In board exams, students will find the questions based on assertion and reasoning. Also, there will be a few questions based on case studies. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked.
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Chapter Wise NCERT Solutions of Class-10 Science. Chapter 1 Chemical Reaction and Equations. Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts. Chapter 3 Metals and Non-metals. Chapter 4 Carbon and its Compounds. Chapter 5 Periodic Classifications of Elements. Chapter 6 Life Processes. Chapter 7 Control and Cordination.
Extra Questions for Class 10th: Ch 3 Metals and Non-Metals Science
Short Answer Questions-II (SAQs-II): 3 Marks. Q1. An element A reacts with water to form a compound B which is used in white washing. The compound B which is used white washing. The compound B on heating forms an oxide C which on treatment with water gives back B. Identify A,B and C and give reaction involved. Answer.
PDF CHAPTER3 Metals and Non-metals
3.1.1 Metals The easiest way to start grouping substances is by comparing their physical properties. Let us study this with the help of the following activities. For Activities 3.1 to 3.6, collect the samples of following metals - iron, copper, aluminium, magnesium, sodium, lead, zinc and any other metal that is easily available. Activity 3.1
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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 - CBSE Free PDF Download. NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 - Metals and Non-Metals helps students in learning concepts given in the textbook in detail.NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science provides answers to all the questions printed at the end of every chapter as well as the questions included within a chapter.
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Class 10 Science Chapter 13 Notes: Food Chain. The concept of the food chain is an important part of Ch 13 Science Class 10 notes. A brief overview of it is given below: A food chain is formed by a series of animals that feed each other. A trophic level is formed by each level. Autotrophs appear in the first trophic level.
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NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Metals and Non-metals are available here for free download. These solutions will enable students to develop a clear understanding of important topics as well as different types of questions. Students can also go through the answers provided, and once they get acquainted with the NCERT ...

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